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JP3919311B2 - Method for producing highly active rice husk ash - Google Patents
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JP3919311B2 - Method for producing highly active rice husk ash - Google Patents

Method for producing highly active rice husk ash Download PDF

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JP3919311B2
JP3919311B2 JP32201597A JP32201597A JP3919311B2 JP 3919311 B2 JP3919311 B2 JP 3919311B2 JP 32201597 A JP32201597 A JP 32201597A JP 32201597 A JP32201597 A JP 32201597A JP 3919311 B2 JP3919311 B2 JP 3919311B2
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rice husk
stirring
ash
combustion
husk ash
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JPH11141825A (en
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一朗 和田
稔 鈴木
俊彦 佐藤
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株式会社前田先端技術研究所
前田製管株式会社
阿部エンジニアリング株式会社
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高活性籾殻灰の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来技術】
籾殻を600℃前後の適温で燃焼させると、ポゾラン活性の高い籾殻灰が得られる。この籾殻灰をコンクリートやモルタルに混和すると、強度増進等の数々の利点があることは、例えば、コンクリート工学年次論文報告集(1993年・15巻1号)の杉田氏らの「高活性もみがら灰製造方法とそれを用いたコンクリートの性質」、原田氏らの「籾殻灰を混和したモルタルの基礎的性状」等の論文によって既に知られているが、この籾殻灰の品質は主にポゾラン活性度と未燃炭素量によって左右される。すなわち、燃焼温度が高すぎた場合には、クリストバライトなどの鉱物が生成してポゾラン活性が低下する。また、燃焼温度が低すぎた場合、或いは燃焼時間が短すぎる場合には、未燃炭素が増加する。
【0003】
そして、この籾殻灰をコンクリートやモルタルに混和した時に、籾殻灰のポゾラン活性が低いと、例えば強度増進が低下する。また未燃炭素が多いと、AE剤・減水剤等のコンクリート混和剤の効果を減じさせるために、大量の混和剤を使用する必要性が生じる。混和剤を大量に使用することは、コンクリートの物性面,コスト面で好ましくない。そこで、籾殻灰をコンクリートやモルタルに使用する場合には、高いポゾラン活性を維持したまま、籾殻灰の未燃炭素を極力少なくすることが必要となる。
【0004】
従来、籾殻灰の製造方法として、例えば特開昭60−36360号公報には流動床方式のものが、また例えば特開平6−157092号公報にはバッチ方式のものが公開されている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、これらのものは主に籾殻の燃焼熱の利用や、くん炭の製造を目的としており、コンクリートやモルタルの混和に適した高活性籾殻灰の製造には適さない。すなわち、上記のような従来の方法において、流動床方式の場合、燃焼室内に投入された籾殻は流動媒体を流動させるための送風によって、燃焼後直ちに燃焼室より排出されるため燃焼時間が短く、未燃炭素を十分燃焼させることができない。未燃炭素を減じさせるために、燃焼時間を長くすれば未燃炭素を減少させることはできるが、籾殻灰のポゾラン活性は低くなる。
【0006】
また籾殻を直接流動床に投入すると、急速に高温にさらされて有機分の分解ガスが籾殻より揮発して燃焼し、その燃焼が籾殻堆積層内で生じるため燃焼温度が急激に上昇する。その結果、籾殻中のカリウムがSiO2 と反応して溶融状態となり、その時に未燃焼の炭素を溶融物中に取り込み、酸素との接触を妨げるために未燃炭素が多く残留する。
【0007】
一方バッチ方式の場合、籾殻の燃焼温度及び燃焼速度は供給酸素量によって決まり、供給酸素量が多いほど籾殻の燃焼温度が高く、燃焼速度が早い(基礎試験データから)。籾殻灰のポゾラン活性を高くするために、籾殻を低温で焼成するには供給する酸素量を限定し、長時間の燃焼時間を要するという欠点があるが、長時間の燃焼はコスト面から好ましくない。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記のような従来の問題点を解決するためになされたもので、ポゾラン活性が高く、且つ未燃炭素の少ない高活性籾殻灰を効率的に製造することを目的としたものであり、その要旨は、燃焼室内に連続して投入されて堆積する籾殻層を上下方向に延びる複数本の撹拌支管により撹拌するとゝもに、前記燃焼室内に投入された籾殻から発生する分解ガスを前記籾殻層の外部に位置する前記撹拌支管の上方部の送風孔から供給される自然大気中の酸素で前記籾殻層から離れた上方部で燃焼せしめ、籾殻中の未燃炭素を前記籾殻層の内部に位置する前記撹拌支管の下方部の送風孔から供給される自然大気中の酸素で焼成せしめることを特徴とする高活性籾殻灰の製造方法にある。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を図面に示す実施例により詳細に説明するに、図において、1は焼成炉本体で、該焼成炉本体1は、円板状の炉床2と円筒形の炉壁3で形成した燃焼室5及び該燃焼室5の上部の排気部4により夫々構成されている。
【0010】
6は前記燃焼室5内にあって前記炉床2の中心から立設した回転主軸で、該回転主軸6の上部には放射状に延びた複数本の撹拌管7が前記炉床2に対して水平方向に装着されており、更にこの各撹拌管7にはそのほぼ全長にわたり下方に向け延びた複数本の撹拌支管8が所定間隔で垂設している。この場合、少なくとも隣り合う撹拌管7にそれぞれ設けた各撹拌支管8は、前記回転主軸6を中心とする同一円周上にない、所謂互いにずれた位置に夫々設けることが望ましい。
【0011】
9は前記各撹拌支管8に形成した径6mm程度の送風孔で、前記撹拌支管8の全長にわたって形成されているが、この送風孔9は前記回転主軸6の回転に伴う撹拌支管8の移動方向とは反対側の側壁面に多数設けられている。これにより、送風孔9の籾殻による目詰まりを防止できるとゝもに、撹拌支管8の移動によってその裏側に生じる空隙に送風孔9から供給される空気が入り易くなり、籾殻間への空気の混入がより増大される。
【0012】
10は前記焼成炉本体1の外に設けた空気送風機で、中空状の部材により構成された前記回転主軸6,撹拌管7及び撹拌支管8には夫々、この空気送風機10から風量制御バルブ11,送風管12を介して前記回転主軸6の下端部から自然大気が送り込まれ、前記撹拌管7及び撹拌支管8を通ってその送風孔9から排出されるようなっている。
【0013】
また、前記回転主軸6は前記送風管12に通じる途中でギヤードモータ13に接続されており、インバータ14により回転数が制御されたこのギヤードモータ13が駆動することにより、前記回転主軸6及びこの回転主軸6と一体構造とした撹拌管7及び撹拌支管8が回転する構成としている。そして、前記焼成炉本体1の前記炉壁3には、籾殻投入ホッパ15及びモータ16に連結されたスクリューフィーダ17からなる籾殻投入装置18と、着火口19がそれぞれ設けられており、前記籾殻投入装置18の付近にはバーナ20が設置されている。
【0014】
22は排出用ダンパ21を設けた排出管で、前記炉床2の回転主軸6付近に設けられている。23,24は前記炉床2及び排気部4に夫々設置した複数個の熱電対のような温度計で、この温度計23,24により前記燃焼室5内の温度を測定して温度記録計25で温度記録を行う。なお、図中、26は前記排気部4の上面に連結した排気管である。
【0015】
つぎに、前記のような構成からなる焼成炉を使用して、籾殻を焼成する方法を説明するに、燃焼室5の炉壁3に設けられている籾殻投入装置18から籾殻を投入する。その際に、前記撹拌管7を毎分0.1〜0.5回転程度の回転数で回転させながら籾殻の投入を行い、撹拌支管8による撹拌により炉床2の上面全体にまんべんなく籾殻を敷き詰めた籾殻層Mを形成するが、この籾殻層Mの高さは前記撹拌支管8の先端8Aから3分の1程度の高さまでとするのが望ましく、燃焼中も連続してその高さを保つ量を投入し続けている。
【0016】
次いで、空気送風機10により自然大気の送風を行う。この空気送風機10により送風される自然大気は、風量制御バルブ11で適正な送風量(前記炉床2上に堆積している籾殻及び穀物灰が飛散しない程度の風速、例えば0.01〜0.05m/秒)に制御され、送風管12,回転主軸6,撹拌管7,撹拌支管8,送風孔9,燃焼室5,排気部4及び排気管26の順に通過し、最後に大気中に排出される。
【0017】
次に、燃焼室5内の籾殻層Mに着火する。その着火方法は、着火口19から燃焼室5内に均一に敷き詰められた籾殻層Mの上部に灯油を1リットル程度かけ、ガスバーナ等で着火し、着火を確認した後、着火口19を閉じる。そして、炉内温度が籾殻の燃焼に適した温度(炉床2の部分で200〜300℃、排気部4の部分で500〜550℃)に上昇するまでバーナ20による補助燃焼を行い、排気部4に設置した温度計24により排気部4の温度が500℃程度に記録されたら補助燃焼を止め、籾殻の燃焼のみでくん炭化を持続させる。
【0018】
前記籾殻の燃焼中も前記撹拌支管8が回転移動して前記籾殻層Mを撹拌し続けており、常時下層の籾殻が上部へと撹拌されるため燃焼状態のばらつきがなく、均一にくん炭化が進行する。燃焼室5内の温度調節は回転主軸7の回転数及び籾殻の投入量により行う。すなわち、温度が上がりすぎた場合、温度記録計25に接続された回転主軸用インバータ14及び籾殻投入装置(スクリューフィーダ)用インバータ27により、回転主軸6の回転数及び籾殻の投入量が自動調整される。これらは必ずしも連動しているわけではなく、回転数又は投入量の変化だけでも調整することも可能である。
【0019】
前記のくん炭化した籾殻は、有機分が分解され、固定炭素分と灰分からなっているが、この固定炭素分は、撹拌されながら前記籾殻層Mの内部に位置する撹拌支管8の下方部の送風孔9Bから供給される自然大気中の酸素により均一な燃焼が促進され、灰化が進行する。このとき、後述する理由により、籾殻中のカリウムは溶融せず、未燃炭素は十分に燃焼される。
【0020】
すなわち、高温状態にある燃焼炉への投入時における籾殻の熱分解により、例えばCO,CO2 ,H2 ,CH4 等の有機分の分解ガスが籾殻中から揮発する。この分解ガスは籾殻層Mの上部に上昇するが、ここには籾殻層Mの外部に位置する撹拌支管8の上方部の送風孔9Aが開口しており、上昇した分解ガスはこの送風孔9Aから供給される自然大気中の酸素により燃焼する。すなわち、有機分の分解ガスの燃焼は、前記籾殻層Mと離れた上部で行われることになるので、分解ガスのこの燃焼によって籾殻層Mの温度が急激に上昇することがない。したがって、籾殻中のカリウムは溶融せず、未燃炭素は十分に燃焼される。
【0021】
籾殻は、灰化が進行したものから撹拌支管8の回転移動により前記炉床2の中心に向かって徐々に移動し、中心付近では下方部の送風孔9Bより供給される自然大気によって籾殻灰が冷却される。冷却された籾殻灰はその後、回転主軸6の付近に設けられた排出管22から排出され、排出用ダンパ21を開けることによって回収される。この排出された籾殻灰は、ボールミルのような粉砕装置で適当な粒度に粉砕することでコンクリート混和材等として使用できる。
【0022】
図4に示すものは、本発明方法で得た籾殻灰のX線回析図で、図5に示すものは従来の流動床方式を用いて得られた籾殻灰のX線回析図である。この図5によって明らかなように、従来の流動床方式を用いて得られた籾殻灰では、22°前後にX線回析のピークが現れているため、クリストバライトの結晶が生成されたことを示している。
【0023】
これに対して、本発明方法で得た籾殻灰では、図4に示すように、X線回析のピークが全く認められず、この籾殻灰のポゾラン活性は高いことを示している。また、籾殻灰中の未燃炭素についても、従来の流動床方式を用いて得た籾殻灰では2.5〜3.5%であるのに対し、本発明方法で得られた籾殻灰では1.0%以下で著しく少ない。
【0024】
表1に示すものは、籾殻灰を混入しない普通セメントモルタル供試体M0、従来の流動床方式によって得た籾殻灰を混和材として用いたセメントモルタル供試体M1、前記本発明方法で得た籾殻灰を混和材として用いたセメントモルタル供試体M2の、それぞれのセメントモルタルの配合及び圧縮強度を示す。
【0025】

Figure 0003919311
【0026】
この表1から明らかなように、本発明方法で製造された籾殻灰をセメントモルタルに混和することによって大きな強度増進が認められた。一方、従来技術である流動床炉方式を用いて製造され籾殻灰の混和によるセメントモルタル供試体M1でもある程度の強度増進は認められたが、その程度は低かった。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、上記のように、撹拌支管の籾殻層内に位置する下方部の送風孔からは籾殻の燃焼に必要な酸素を供給しているので、籾殻を均一に且つ完全に燃焼せしめることができるとゝもに、燃焼室内に投入された籾殻から発生する有機分の分解ガスは、籾殻層の外部に位置する撹拌支管の上方部の送風孔から供給される酸素によって籾殻層とは離れた個所で燃焼する。したがって、籾殻の燃焼温度の過上昇を防ぎ、安定した状態で且つ短時間で籾殻を燃焼せしめることができ、従来の流動床方式を利用した場合と比べて籾殻中の未燃炭素が少なく、且つポゾラン活性の高い高品質の籾殻灰を得ることが出来る、といった諸効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に係る製造装置の縦断面説明図である。
【図2】 同製造装置の横断面説明図である。
【図3】 本発明の作用を示す部分拡大説明図である。
【図4】 本発明で得られた籾殻灰のX線回析図である。
【図5】 従来の流動床炉を用いて得られた籾殻灰のX線回析図である。
【符号の説明】
1 燃焼炉本体
2 炉床
3 炉壁
4 排気部
5 燃焼室
6 回転主軸
7 撹拌管
8 撹拌支管
9 送風孔
9A 上方部の通風孔
9B 下方部の通風孔
10 空気送風機
11 風量制御バルブ
12 送風管
13 ギヤードモータ
14 回転主軸用インバータ
15 ホッパ
16 モータ
17 スクリューフィーダ
18 籾殻投入装置
19 着火口
20 バーナ
21 排出用ダンパ
22 排出管
23 温度計
24 温度計
25 温度記録計
26 排気管
27 籾殻投入装置(スクリューフィーダ)用インバータ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing highly active rice husk ash.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When the rice husk is burned at an appropriate temperature of about 600 ° C., rice husk ash having high pozzolanic activity is obtained. When this rice husk ash is mixed with concrete or mortar, there are many advantages such as strength enhancement. For example, Mr. Sugita et al. Of the Annual Report of Concrete Engineering (1993, Vol. 15, No. 1) The quality of the rice husk ash is mainly known as pozzolana, although it is already known from papers such as “Method of producing ash ash and properties of concrete using it” and “Basic properties of mortar mixed with rice husk ash” by Harada et al. It depends on the activity and the amount of unburned carbon. That is, when the combustion temperature is too high, minerals such as cristobalite are generated and the pozzolanic activity decreases. Further, when the combustion temperature is too low, or when the combustion time is too short, unburned carbon increases.
[0003]
And when this rice husk ash is mixed with concrete or mortar, if the pozzolanic activity of rice husk ash is low, for example, strength enhancement will fall. Moreover, when there is much unburned carbon, in order to reduce the effect of concrete admixtures, such as AE agent and a water reducing agent, the necessity of using a large amount of admixture arises. Use of a large amount of an admixture is not preferable in terms of physical properties and cost of concrete. Therefore, when rice husk ash is used for concrete or mortar, it is necessary to reduce the unburned carbon of rice husk ash as much as possible while maintaining high pozzolanic activity.
[0004]
Conventionally, as a method for producing rice husk ash, for example, JP-A-60-36360 discloses a fluidized bed type, and JP-A-6-157092 discloses a batch type.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, these are mainly used for the combustion heat of rice husk and the production of kunchar, and are not suitable for the production of highly active rice husk ash suitable for mixing concrete and mortar. That is, in the conventional method as described above, in the case of the fluidized bed system, the rice husks charged into the combustion chamber are discharged from the combustion chamber immediately after combustion by the air blown to flow the fluid medium, so the combustion time is short, Unburned carbon cannot be burned sufficiently. In order to reduce unburned carbon, if the combustion time is lengthened, unburned carbon can be reduced, but the pozzolanic activity of rice husk ash becomes low.
[0006]
When the rice husk is directly put into the fluidized bed, the organic decomposition gas is volatilized from the rice husk and burns rapidly, and the combustion occurs in the rice husk deposition layer, so that the combustion temperature rises rapidly. As a result, potassium in the rice husk reacts with SiO 2 to be in a molten state, at which time unburned carbon is taken into the melt and a large amount of unburned carbon remains to prevent contact with oxygen.
[0007]
On the other hand, in the case of the batch method, the combustion temperature and combustion speed of rice husk are determined by the amount of supplied oxygen, and the larger the amount of supplied oxygen, the higher the combustion temperature of rice husk and the faster the combustion speed (from basic test data). In order to increase the pozzolanic activity of rice husk ash, there is a disadvantage that the amount of oxygen to be supplied is limited in order to calcine rice husk at a low temperature, and it takes a long burning time, but long burning is not preferable from the viewpoint of cost. .
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and is intended to efficiently produce a highly active rice husk ash having high pozzolanic activity and low unburned carbon. The gist is that the cracked gas generated from the rice husks charged into the combustion chamber is generated when the rice husk layer continuously charged and deposited in the combustion chamber is stirred by a plurality of stirring branches extending vertically. The unburned carbon in the rice husk layer is combusted in the upper part away from the rice husk layer with oxygen in the natural atmosphere supplied from the air blowing hole in the upper part of the stirring branch located outside the rice husk layer. In the method for producing highly active rice husk ash, firing is performed with oxygen in natural air supplied from a blower hole at a lower portion of the stirring branch pipe located inside.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. In the figure, 1 is a firing furnace body, and the firing furnace body 1 is formed by a disk-shaped hearth 2 and a cylindrical furnace wall 3. The combustion chamber 5 and the exhaust part 4 above the combustion chamber 5 are respectively configured.
[0010]
Reference numeral 6 denotes a rotation main shaft that is provided in the combustion chamber 5 and is erected from the center of the hearth 2. A plurality of stirring tubes 7 that extend radially from the upper portion of the rotation main shaft 6 are connected to the hearth 2. The agitation tubes 7 are horizontally mounted, and each agitation tube 7 is provided with a plurality of agitation branches 8 extending downward at almost predetermined lengths at predetermined intervals. In this case, it is desirable that the respective stirring branch pipes 8 provided in at least the adjacent stirring pipes 7 are provided at so-called mutually shifted positions that are not on the same circumference around the rotation main shaft 6.
[0011]
Reference numeral 9 denotes an air blowing hole having a diameter of about 6 mm formed in each stirring branch 8, and is formed over the entire length of the stirring branch 8. The air blowing hole 9 moves in the moving direction of the stirring branch 8 along with the rotation of the rotating main shaft 6. Many are provided on the side wall surface on the opposite side. As a result, clogging by the rice husks of the air blowing holes 9 can be prevented, and the air supplied from the air blowing holes 9 can easily enter the gaps formed on the back side of the stirring branch pipe 8 due to the movement of the stirring branch tube 8. Contamination is further increased.
[0012]
Reference numeral 10 denotes an air blower provided outside the firing furnace main body 1. The rotary main shaft 6, the stirring pipe 7 and the stirring branch pipe 8 formed of hollow members are respectively connected to the air flow control valve 11 from the air blower 10. Natural air is fed from the lower end portion of the rotary main shaft 6 through the blower pipe 12 and is discharged from the blower hole 9 through the stirring pipe 7 and the stirring branch pipe 8.
[0013]
The rotary main shaft 6 is connected to a geared motor 13 in the middle of communication with the blower pipe 12, and when the geared motor 13 whose rotation speed is controlled by an inverter 14 is driven, the rotary main shaft 6 and the rotation main shaft 6 are driven. The stirring tube 7 and the stirring branch tube 8 which are integrated with the main shaft 6 are configured to rotate. The furnace wall 3 of the firing furnace body 1 is provided with a rice husk charging device 18 including a rice husk charging hopper 15 and a screw feeder 17 connected to a motor 16, and an ignition port 19, respectively. A burner 20 is installed in the vicinity of the device 18.
[0014]
Reference numeral 22 denotes a discharge pipe provided with a discharge damper 21, which is provided near the rotary main shaft 6 of the hearth 2. Reference numerals 23 and 24 are thermometers such as a plurality of thermocouples installed on the hearth 2 and the exhaust part 4 respectively. The thermometers 23 and 24 measure the temperature in the combustion chamber 5 and the temperature recorder 25. Record the temperature with. In the figure, reference numeral 26 denotes an exhaust pipe connected to the upper surface of the exhaust part 4.
[0015]
Next, in order to describe a method for firing rice husks using the firing furnace having the above-described configuration, the rice husks are charged from the rice husk charging device 18 provided on the furnace wall 3 of the combustion chamber 5. At that time, the rice husk is charged while rotating the stirring tube 7 at a rotational speed of about 0.1 to 0.5 rotations per minute, and the rice husk is spread over the entire upper surface of the hearth 2 by stirring with the stirring branch tube 8. The rice husk layer M is formed, and the height of the rice husk layer M is preferably about one third from the tip 8A of the stirring branch tube 8, and the height is continuously maintained during combustion. Continue to put the amount.
[0016]
Next, natural air is blown by the air blower 10. The natural air blown by the air blower 10 is supplied with an appropriate air flow rate by an air flow control valve 11 (wind velocity at which the rice husk and grain ash accumulated on the hearth 2 are not scattered, for example, 0.01-0. 05 m / sec), and passes through the blower tube 12, the rotation main shaft 6, the stirring tube 7, the stirring branch tube 8, the blower hole 9, the combustion chamber 5, the exhaust part 4 and the exhaust pipe 26 in this order, and finally discharged to the atmosphere Is done.
[0017]
Next, the rice husk layer M in the combustion chamber 5 is ignited. As for the ignition method, about 1 liter of kerosene is applied to the upper part of the rice husk layer M uniformly spread in the combustion chamber 5 from the ignition port 19 and ignited with a gas burner or the like. After confirming the ignition, the ignition port 19 is closed. Then, auxiliary combustion is performed by the burner 20 until the temperature in the furnace rises to a temperature suitable for burning the rice husk (200 to 300 ° C. at the hearth 2 portion and 500 to 550 ° C. at the exhaust portion 4), and the exhaust portion When the temperature of the exhaust section 4 is recorded at about 500 ° C. by the thermometer 24 installed in No. 4, the auxiliary combustion is stopped and the carbonization of the smoke is continued only by burning the rice husk.
[0018]
During the combustion of the rice husks, the stirring branch 8 continues to rotate and continuously stirs the rice husk layer M. Since the lower rice husks are constantly stirred upward, there is no variation in the combustion state, and uniform carbonization is achieved. proceed. The temperature in the combustion chamber 5 is adjusted by the rotational speed of the rotary spindle 7 and the amount of rice husks charged. That is, when the temperature rises too much, the rotation main shaft inverter 14 and the rice husk throwing device (screw feeder) inverter 27 connected to the temperature recorder 25 automatically adjust the number of rotations of the rotation main shaft 6 and the amount of rice husk charged. The These are not necessarily linked, and can be adjusted only by changing the number of revolutions or the amount of input.
[0019]
The above-mentioned carbonized rice husk is decomposed with organic components and consists of fixed carbon and ash. This fixed carbon is mixed in the lower portion of the stirring branch 8 located inside the rice husk layer M while being stirred. Uniform combustion is promoted by oxygen in the natural atmosphere supplied from the air holes 9B, and ashing proceeds. At this time, for reasons described later, potassium in the rice husk does not melt and unburned carbon is sufficiently burned.
[0020]
That is, due to thermal decomposition of the rice husk when it is introduced into the combustion furnace in a high temperature state, for example, organic decomposition gas such as CO, CO 2 , H 2 , CH 4 is volatilized from the rice husk. The cracked gas rises to the upper part of the rice husk layer M. Here, an air blowing hole 9A in the upper part of the stirring branch 8 located outside the rice husk layer M is opened. It burns with oxygen in the natural atmosphere supplied from That is, the combustion of the cracked gas of the organic component is performed in the upper part away from the rice husk layer M, and thus the temperature of the rice husk layer M does not rise rapidly due to the combustion of the cracked gas. Therefore, the potassium in the rice husk does not melt and the unburned carbon is burned sufficiently.
[0021]
The rice husk gradually moves toward the center of the hearth 2 by the rotational movement of the stirring branch tube 8 from the progress of ashing, and the rice husk ash is formed by natural air supplied from the lower air blowing hole 9B near the center. To be cooled. The cooled rice husk ash is then discharged from a discharge pipe 22 provided in the vicinity of the rotary main shaft 6 and is recovered by opening the discharge damper 21. The discharged rice husk ash can be used as a concrete admixture or the like by being pulverized to an appropriate particle size by a pulverizer such as a ball mill.
[0022]
4 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of rice husk ash obtained by the method of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of rice husk ash obtained by using a conventional fluidized bed system. . As apparent from FIG. 5, in the rice husk ash obtained by using the conventional fluidized bed system, an X-ray diffraction peak appears around 22 °, indicating that cristobalite crystals were produced. ing.
[0023]
On the other hand, in the rice husk ash obtained by the method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, no X-ray diffraction peak was observed, indicating that the rice husk ash has a high pozzolanic activity. Also, the unburned carbon in rice husk ash is 2.5 to 3.5% in the rice husk ash obtained by using the conventional fluidized bed system, whereas it is 1 in the rice husk ash obtained by the method of the present invention. Less than 0.0%, very little.
[0024]
Table 1 shows normal cement mortar specimen M0 not containing rice husk ash, cement mortar specimen M1 using rice husk ash obtained by a conventional fluidized bed system as an admixture, and rice husk ash obtained by the method of the present invention. The blending ratio and compressive strength of each cement mortar of the cement mortar specimen M2 using the above as an admixture are shown.
[0025]
Figure 0003919311
[0026]
As is apparent from Table 1, a significant increase in strength was observed when rice husk ash produced by the method of the present invention was mixed with cement mortar. On the other hand, the cement mortar specimen M1 manufactured by using the fluidized bed furnace method, which is a conventional technology, showed some degree of strength enhancement, but the degree was low.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, as described above, oxygen necessary for burning the rice husk is supplied from the lower blowing hole located in the rice husk layer of the stirring branch pipe, so that the rice husk can be burned uniformly and completely. If possible, the organic decomposition gas generated from the rice husks put into the combustion chamber is separated from the rice husk layer by oxygen supplied from the blower holes above the stirring branch located outside the rice husk layer. Burn in place. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an excessive increase in the combustion temperature of the rice husk, burn the rice husk in a stable state in a short time, less unburned carbon in the rice husk compared to the case of using the conventional fluidized bed system, and There are various effects such as high quality rice husk ash having high pozzolanic activity.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross sectional explanatory view of the manufacturing apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged explanatory view showing the operation of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of rice husk ash obtained in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of rice husk ash obtained using a conventional fluidized bed furnace.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion furnace main body 2 Furnace floor 3 Furnace part 4 Exhaust part 5 Combustion chamber 6 Rotating main shaft 7 Stirring pipe 8 Stirring branch pipe 9 Blower hole 9A Upper part ventilation hole 9B Lower part ventilation hole 10 Air blower 11 Air volume control valve 12 Blower pipe 13 Geared Motor 14 Inverter for Rotating Spindle 15 Hopper 16 Motor 17 Screw Feeder 18 Rice Husk Injector 19 Igniter 20 Burner 21 Discharge Damper 22 Discharge Pipe 23 Thermometer 24 Thermometer 25 Temperature Recorder 26 Exhaust Pipe 27 Rice Husk Injector (Screw Inverter for feeder)

Claims (1)

燃焼室内に連続して投入されて堆積する籾殻層を上下方向に延びる複数本の撹拌支管により撹拌するとゝもに、前記燃焼室内に投入された籾殻から発生する分解ガスを前記籾殻層の外部に位置する前記撹拌支管の上方部の送風孔から供給される自然大気中の酸素で前記籾殻層から離れた上方部で燃焼せしめ、籾殻中の未燃炭素を前記籾殻層の内部に位置する前記撹拌支管の下方部の送風孔から供給される自然大気中の酸素で焼成せしめることを特徴とする高活性籾殻灰の製造方法。When the rice husk layer continuously charged and deposited in the combustion chamber is stirred by a plurality of stirring branches extending vertically, the cracked gas generated from the rice husk charged in the combustion chamber is introduced to the outside of the rice husk layer. Combusting in the upper part away from the rice husk layer with oxygen in the natural atmosphere supplied from the air blowing hole in the upper part of the stirring branch located, and stirring the unburned carbon in the rice husk in the rice husk layer A method for producing highly active rice husk ash, characterized by firing with oxygen in natural air supplied from a blowing hole in a lower part of a branch pipe.
JP32201597A 1997-11-10 1997-11-10 Method for producing highly active rice husk ash Expired - Lifetime JP3919311B2 (en)

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JP2001316145A (en) * 2000-04-28 2001-11-13 Maeta Techno Research Inc Admixture for hydraulic composition consisting of chaff ash and its application
JP2005054059A (en) * 2003-08-04 2005-03-03 Suntory Ltd Carbonization apparatus, carbonization system and carbonization method
JP2008214158A (en) * 2007-03-06 2008-09-18 Maywa Co Ltd Process for manufacturing amorphous silica from chaff
JP5723514B2 (en) * 2008-11-27 2015-05-27 ヤンマー株式会社 Rice husk carbonization equipment
JP5764113B2 (en) * 2012-12-10 2015-08-12 ヤンマー株式会社 Rice husk carbonization equipment
CN104087316B (en) * 2014-07-15 2017-05-03 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 Rotating bed dry distillation furnace
JP2019065204A (en) * 2017-10-02 2019-04-25 株式会社トロムソ Biomass raw material and manufacturing method therefor
WO2019171466A1 (en) * 2018-03-06 2019-09-12 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 Rice husk burning device and grain drying system
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