JP3923230B2 - Underground excavation element and underground structure construction method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an underground excavation element used for constructing an underground structure by a non-open excavation method, and a method for constructing an underground structure using the underground excavation element.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method of constructing an underground structure under a railroad track or a road by a non-opening method, an underground excavation element such as a “B” -shaped cross-section or a “U” -shaped cross-section is propelled or pulled to the ground. A construction method that uses a structure consisting of elements for underground excavation (hereinafter referred to as “element structure”) as the main body of an underground structure. Is used.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described underground excavation element, the side wall portion of the “B” -shaped cross section or the “U” -shaped cross section is composed of, for example, a plate-shaped member or the like. Then, ground excavation was performed from the opening at the tip of the element, and the excavated earth and sand were taken into the element, conveyed backward, and discharged to the outside. For this reason, when an obstacle is encountered during insertion or excavation of an element, or when work inside the element is required, the obstacle is taken in only through the opening at the tip of the element. There is a problem that the in-element work can be performed only from the inside of the element.
[0004]
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is when an obstacle is encountered during insertion or excavation of the element or when work inside the element is required. An object of the present invention is to provide an underground excavation element capable of removing obstacles and working inside the element from other than the element, and an underground structure construction method using the element.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, an underground excavation element according to the present invention includes a bottom plate extending in the element axial direction, and a top plate extending in the element axial direction and disposed in parallel above the bottom plate. And a connecting structure capable of connecting the bottom plate and the top plate in the side wall portion and forming a side wall portion opening communicating with the outside, and extending between the element axial directions and fitting between adjacent element joint portions Are connected to each other, and include an element joint portion that can transmit a force in a direction perpendicular to the element axis that is perpendicular to the element axis direction by the element joint portion, and is configured in a hollow box shape, A side wall partition plate configured to detachably attach to the bottom plate or the top plate or the connection structure by a detachable tool while closing the side wall portion opening. It is characterized by that.
[0006]
In the above-described underground excavation element, the connection structure is preferably a columnar member that is arranged in a plurality so as to extend in the vertical direction in the side wall portion that is intermediate between the bottom plate and the top plate.
[0007]
In the above-described underground excavation element, preferably, the front Side Wall divider Is Used as a retaining wall for the side wall.
[0008]
In the underground excavation element, preferably, the side wall partition plate does not bear an external force acting on the bottom plate, the top plate, or the connection structure.
[0009]
In the above-described underground excavation element, preferably, the side wall partition plate is the bottom plate, the top plate, or the connection structure. Moved to It is configured to be movable.
[0010]
Further, the underground structure building method according to the present invention includes a bottom plate extending in the element axial direction, a top plate extending in the element axial direction and disposed in parallel above the bottom plate, and a side wall portion. A connecting structure that connects the bottom plate and the top plate and can form a side wall opening that communicates with the outside, and is connected to each other by fitting between adjacent element joints that extend in the element axial direction. A method for constructing an underground structure using an element for underground excavation having an element joint portion capable of transmitting a force in a direction perpendicular to the element axis direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the element axis direction, by the element joint portion. Then, the element for underground excavation is inserted into the ground while excavating the ground at the tip end opening with the element axial direction as the insertion direction, The element joint part of another underground excavation element is fitted to the element joint part of the existing underground excavation element and guided, and the other underground excavation element is inserted in the element axial direction. By repeatedly inserting into the ground while excavating as a direction, a plurality of underground excavation elements are connected in the ground to form an element structure, and then the element structure is used as a protective work. Excavate the ground inside the body, then build an underground structure using the element structure as the body If an obstacle is encountered when the underground excavation element is inserted into the ground while performing ground excavation, the existing underground excavation adjacent to the underground excavation element that encounters the obstacle The obstacle is removed by passing the obstacle through the side wall opening using the side wall opening of the connecting structure for elements. It is characterized by that.
[0011]
In the above underground structure construction method, preferably, a side wall part partition plate that closes the side wall part opening is provided and used as a retaining wall for the side wall part.
[0012]
Further, in the above underground structure construction method, preferably, when an obstacle is encountered when the underground excavation element is inserted into the ground while performing ground excavation, the ground where the obstacle is encountered. Medium drilling element Next to Remove the side wall partition plate of the existing underground excavation element in contact with it to form the side wall opening. By passing the obstacle through the side wall opening The obstacle is removed.
[0013]
Further, in the above underground structure construction method, preferably, when an in-element work including a water stoppage is performed on any of the underground excavation elements, an existing underground adjacent to the underground excavation element is used. An operator using the side wall opening of the excavating element coupling structure or removing the side wall partition plate of the adjacent underground excavating element to form a side wall opening. Through the side wall opening Go in and out.
[0014]
In the above underground structure construction method, preferably, when an object is carried into any of the underground excavation elements or an object is carried out of any of the underground excavation elements, the underground The side wall opening of the existing underground excavation element connection structure adjacent to the excavation element is used or the side wall partition plate of the adjacent existing underground excavation element is removed to form the side wall opening. The By passing the object through the side wall opening Do.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0016]
(1) First embodiment
First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0017]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an underground structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 1, the underground structure 101 is a box-shaped structure having a “B” -shaped cross-sectional shape. The underground structure 101 is configured by an element structure E1 having a “B” -shaped cross-sectional shape.
[0019]
The element structure E1 includes an underground excavation element (hereinafter referred to as “reference element”) 10 installed at the center position of the upper floor slab, and an underground excavation element installed adjacent to the reference element 10. (Hereinafter referred to as “general part element”) 20 and an underground excavation element (hereinafter referred to as “corner element”) 30 installed at four corner positions of the element structure E1 are combined. It is constituted by.
[0020]
2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating the configuration of the reference element 10 in the underground structure 101 in FIG. 1. FIG. 2A is a partially exploded perspective view, and FIG. 2B is an enlarged part of a corner. Each cross-sectional view is shown.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 2A, the reference element 10 includes a bottom plate 11a, a top plate 11b, a columnar member 12, and a side wall partition plate 15, and is configured in a hollow box shape having a “B” -shaped cross section. Yes. The bottom plate 11a is a plate-like member made of a metal or alloy such as steel or aluminum that extends in the longitudinal direction of the reference element 10 (hereinafter referred to as “element axial direction”). The top plate 11b is a plate-like member made of a metal such as steel or aluminum, an alloy, or the like that extends in the element axial direction and is arranged in parallel above the bottom plate 11a.
[0022]
In addition, a plurality of columnar members 12 are arranged so as to extend in the vertical direction in the side wall portion that is intermediate between the bottom plate 11a and the top plate 11b. The columnar member 12 is joined to the bottom plate 11a and the top plate 11b by welding or the like, and connects the bottom plate 11a and the top plate 11b. Further, the columnar member 12 forms a side wall opening 14 that communicates the cavity inside the reference element 10 with the outside. These columnar members 12 constitute a connection structure.
[0023]
Moreover, the side wall part partition plate 15 is a plate-like member arrange | positioned so that the side wall part opening 14 may be block | closed, and consists of metals or alloys, such as steel and aluminum, a synthetic resin, FRP (fiber reinforced plastic), wood, etc. As will be described later, the side wall partition plate 15 is used as a retaining wall for the side wall when the reference element 10 is inserted into the ground while excavating.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 2B, the side wall partition plate 15 is configured to be detachable from the columnar member 12 by an attachment / detachment tool 16. As the detachable tool 16, a combination of a bolt and a nut, a clamp, a clip that is clamped using a spring, a holder that is clamped using a wedge, or the like is used. The side wall partition plate 15 is designed to bear and support the earth pressure from the surrounding ground during element excavation and insertion. However, the external force acting on the element structure E1, for example, the live load, the dead load, and the earthquake load that are borne by the structure, is supported by the bottom plate 11a, the top plate 11b, or the columnar member 12, and the side wall partition plate. 15 is designed as a structure that does not bear external force.
[0025]
In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted in FIG. 2, this reference | standard element 10 has an element coupling part in four corners of a cross section. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the general element 20 connected to the reference element 10 and the configuration of the element joints 13 and 23 connecting them. FIG. 3A shows a cross-sectional view of a state immediately before the reference element 10 and the general part element 20 are connected by the element joint parts 13 and 23. FIG. 3B is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a connection state of the element joint portions 13 and 23. 3A and 3B show cross-sectional views when cut along a plane perpendicular to the element axis direction.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 3A, an element joint portion 13 made of a metal such as steel or aluminum, an alloy, or the like is disposed at each of the four corners of the cross section of the reference element 10. Has been.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 3B, the cross section of the element joint portion 13 is configured to include a substantially “C” -shaped fitting portion 13a and a base portion 13b continuous behind the fitting portion 13a. . Moreover, the fitting part 13a has the two protrusion parts 13c and 13d. The tip of the protrusion 13c has a bulbous cross section. Further, the middle of the protruding portion 13c and the protruding portion 13d is a recess having an approximately elliptical cross section, and this portion is a groove 13e extending in the element axial direction with an approximately elliptical cross section.
[0028]
3B shows a cross section of the element joint portion 13 at the upper left position of the reference element 10 shown in FIG. 3A. The lower left of the reference element 10 shown in FIG. The element joint portion 13 having exactly the same shape is also used for the element joint portion 13 at the corners of the part position, the upper right position, and the lower right position, and the configuration is exactly the same as that illustrated in FIG. is there.
[0029]
Moreover, each joining location of the top plate 11b, the columnar member 12, and each element joint part 13 is joined by welding part W1, W2, W3, W4. These joints may be mechanical joints such as bolts. Although not shown, the same applies to the bottom plate 11a.
[0030]
When a force in a direction perpendicular to the element axial direction (hereinafter referred to as “element axis perpendicular direction”) is applied to the vicinity of the tip of the protruding portion 13c of the element joint portion 13 by the above-described configuration, for example, FIG. When pulled in the left direction in (B), this tensile force (hereinafter referred to as “first tensile force”) is transmitted from the projecting portion 13c to the base portion 13b, transmitted from the base portion 13b to the top plate 11b, and FIG. A tensile force in the left direction in FIG. 3B is applied to the left end of 3B.
[0031]
On the other hand, when a force in the direction perpendicular to the element axis is applied to the vicinity of the tip of the projecting portion 13d of the element joint portion 13, for example, when pulling in the left direction in FIG. 3B, this tensile force (hereinafter referred to as “second tensile”). Is transmitted to the top plate 11b from the projecting portion 13d through the base portion 13b, and the tensile force in the left direction in FIG. 3B is applied to the left end of the steel plate-like member 11 in FIG. 3B. Will act.
[0032]
From the above, the projecting portions 13c and 13d of the element joint portion 13 and the base portion 13b can resist the force (for example, the first tensile force and the second tensile force) applied from the outside in the direction perpendicular to the element axis. It has a predetermined strength and a predetermined cross section. Further, in consideration of the combined force of the part of the first tensile force and the part of the second tensile force acting on the protruding part 13d of the element joint part 13, a predetermined resistance that can resist the force is given. It has strength and a predetermined cross section. For example, the protrusion 13d has a sufficient thickness.
[0033]
Further, considering that the combined force of the first tensile force and a part of the second tensile force acts on the base portion 13b of the element joint portion 13, a predetermined strength and a predetermined strength that can resist the force are applied. It has a cross section (for example, sufficient thickness). The top plate 11b has a predetermined strength and a predetermined cross section capable of resisting the force in the direction perpendicular to the element axis transmitted from the element joint portion 13. Although not shown, the same applies to the bottom plate 11a.
[0034]
As shown in FIG. 3A, the general element 20 includes a bottom plate 21a, a top plate 21b, a columnar member 22, element joint portions 23 and 13, and a side wall partition plate (not shown). , A member having a “U” -shaped cross section. The bottom plate 21 a is a plate-like member made of a metal or alloy such as steel or aluminum that extends in the element axial direction of the general element 20. The top plate 21b is a plate-like member made of a metal or an alloy such as steel or aluminum, which extends in the element axial direction and is arranged in parallel above the bottom plate 21a.
[0035]
Further, a plurality of columnar members 22 are arranged so as to extend in the vertical direction at the side wall portion that is intermediate between the bottom plate 21a and the top plate 21b. The columnar member 22 is joined to the bottom plate 21a and the top plate 21b by welding or the like, and connects the bottom plate 21a and the top plate 21b. Further, the columnar member 22 forms a side wall opening (not shown) that communicates the hollow portion inside the general portion element 20 with the outside. These columnar members 22 constitute a connection structure. Note that the side wall opening of the general element 20 has the same configuration as the side wall opening 14 of the reference element 10. Further, the side wall part partition plate (not shown) of the general part element 20 has the same configuration as the side wall part partition plate 15 of the reference element 10.
[0036]
Moreover, the general part element 20 has four corners of the “U” -shaped cross section, each of which is open to the outside, that is, each of the upper right corner and the lower right corner in FIG. An element joint portion 23 extending along the element axial direction and made of a metal such as steel or aluminum or an alloy is disposed.
[0037]
In addition, among the four corners of the “U” -shaped cross section of the general element 20, the corners closed to the outside, that is, the upper left corner and the lower left corner in FIG. The element joint portion 13 described above is disposed along the element axial direction.
[0038]
The cross section of the element joint portion 23 is configured to include a substantially “C” -shaped fitting portion 23a and a base portion 23b continuous behind the fitting portion 23a. Moreover, the fitting part 23a has the two protrusion parts 23c and 23d. The tip of the protrusion 23c has a bulbous cross section. Further, the middle of the projecting portion 23c and the projecting portion 23d is a recess having an approximately elliptical cross section, and this portion is a groove 23e extending in the element axis direction with an approximately elliptical cross section.
[0039]
3B shows a cross section of the element joint portion 23 at the upper right position of the general part element 20 shown in FIG. 3A, but the general part element 20 shown in FIG. The element joint portion 23 having the same shape is used for the element joint portion 23 at the corner at the lower right position in FIG. 3 and the configuration is exactly the same as that shown in FIG. Further, the configuration of the element joint portion 13 in the general element 20 and the vicinity thereof is exactly the same as the configuration of the element joint portion 13 in the reference element 10 and the vicinity thereof.
[0040]
Moreover, each joining location of the top plate 21b, the columnar member 22, and the element joint portion 23 is joined by welding portions W5, W6, and the like. These joints may be mechanical joints such as bolts. Although not shown, the same applies to the bottom plate 21a.
[0041]
When a force in the direction perpendicular to the element axis is applied to the vicinity of the tip of the projecting portion 23c of the element joint portion 23 by the above-described configuration, for example, when the right direction in FIG. , "Third tensile force") is transmitted from the projecting portion 23c to the base portion 23b, from the base portion 23b to the top plate 21b, and at the right end in FIG. 3B of the top plate 21b, the right side in FIG. A tensile force in the direction is applied.
[0042]
On the other hand, when a force in the direction perpendicular to the element axis is applied to the vicinity of the tip of the projecting portion 23d of the element joint portion 23, for example, when pulling in the right direction in FIG. Force ") is transmitted from the projecting portion 23d to the base portion 23b, transmitted from the base portion 23b to the top plate 21b, and a tensile force in the right direction in FIG. 3B is applied to the right end of the top plate 21b in FIG. 3B. Will act.
[0043]
From the above, the projecting portions 23c and 23d of the element joint portion 23 have a predetermined strength capable of resisting the force in the direction perpendicular to the element axis (for example, the third tensile force and the fourth tensile force) applied from the outside. It has a predetermined cross section. Further, in consideration of the combined force of a part of the third tensile force and a part of the fourth tensile force acting on the protruding portion 23d of the element joint portion 23, a predetermined resistance that can resist the force is applied. It has strength and a predetermined cross section. For example, the protrusion 23d has a sufficient thickness.
[0044]
Further, in consideration of the combined force of the third tensile force and the fourth tensile force acting on the base portion 23b of the element joint portion 23, a predetermined strength and a predetermined cross section (for example, resistance to the force) Sufficient thickness). The top plate 21b and the columnar member 22 have a predetermined strength and a predetermined cross section capable of resisting the force in the direction perpendicular to the element axis transmitted from the element joint portions 13 and 23.
[0045]
Although not shown, the corner element 30 includes a bottom plate, a top plate, a columnar member, an element joint portion, and a side wall partition plate, and has a configuration similar to that of the reference element 10. This is a member having a letter-shaped cross section. For the corner element 30, a large tensile force may be generated inside the corner portion of the element structure, and this tensile force is, for example, one side of a “B” -shaped cross section, and a right angle with this side. It is possible to increase the strength of the element structure by placing another plate-like member (reinforcing plate) on the side to form a double structure. Further, when the tensile force inside the corner portion of the element structure is small, the reinforcing plate may be omitted as appropriate.
[0046]
Next, a method for constructing an element structure using the reference element 10, the general element 20, and the corner element 30 will be described.
[0047]
First, the reference element 10 is inserted into the ground in the element axial direction. In this case, an auger drill or the like is provided inside the reference element 10, and the element is inserted into the ground while excavating and removing the earth and sand inside the element. At this time, the side wall part partition plate 15 of the reference element 10 protects the surrounding earth and sand from flowing into the element from the side wall part opening 14, and functions as a earth retaining for supporting earth pressure. Thereafter, each of the element joint portions 23 and 23 provided at the open-side corner of the general element 20 is replaced with two of the element joint portions 13 of the reference element 10 (for example, the reference shown in FIG. 3A). The element 10 is fitted with a joint at the upper left corner and a joint at the lower left corner).
[0048]
After that, in a state where these element joint portions 13 and 23 are fitted, the general portion element 20 is placed in the ground in the element axial direction in the same manner as the reference element 10 while being along the reference element 10. insert. At this time, the side wall partition plate (not shown) of the general element 20 protects the surrounding earth and sand from flowing into the element from the side wall opening (not shown) and supports earth pressure. Serves as a function.
[0049]
In this case, as shown in FIG. 3B, the element joint portion 13 of the reference element 10 and the element joint portion 23 of the general part element 20 in the connected state are in the grooves 13e of the element joint portion 13. The enlarged tip of the protruding portion 23c of the element joint portion 23 enters and fits, and the enlarged tip of the protruding portion 13c of the element joint portion 13 enters and fits into the groove 23e of the element joint portion 23. ing. In this way, when the element joint portion 13 of the reference element 10 and the element joint portion 23 of the general element 20 are fitted to each other, a force in the direction perpendicular to the element axis is generated between the reference element 10 and the general element 20. Communication is possible.
[0050]
In the element joint portion 13 of the reference element 10 and the grooves 13e and 23e inside the element joint portion 23 of the general element 20 that are fitted as described above, the element shaft can be inserted at an appropriate time as necessary. A grout material (not shown) such as non-shrink mortar, non-shrink concrete, or resin material is injected from one end of the direction (hereinafter referred to as “injection end”) and cured to reinforce the joint connection. Good. When this grout injection is performed, the joint is fixed, so that it is possible to prevent the plurality of underground excavation elements after being connected from being deformed by bending due to an overload or the like. This reinforcement also improves the force transmission performance in the direction perpendicular to the element axis.
[0051]
Next, in the same manner as described above, each of the element joint portions 23 and 23 provided at the open-side corners of the other new general part elements 20 is closed on the closed side of the general part elements 20 already inserted into the ground. It is made to fit with each of the element joint parts 13 and 13 provided in the corner. Then, in a state where both the joints are fitted, a new general part element 20 is inserted into the ground in the element axial direction while being along the already inserted general part element 20.
[0052]
Further, at the four corner positions of the element structure E1 in FIG. 1, the corner element 30 is inserted into the ground in the element axial direction while being along the already inserted general part element 20. At this time, the side wall partition plate (not shown) of the corner element 30 protects the surrounding earth and sand from flowing into the element from the side wall opening (not shown) and supports the earth pressure. It serves as a clasp. Thereafter, the new general element 20 is placed along the corner element 30 that has already been inserted, but along the surface that is bent at a right angle to the previous insertion line, in the element axial direction. Insert it into the ground.
[0053]
In the following, by repeating the general element insertion process as described above, the element structure can be constituted by the excavating elements 10, 20, 30, etc., which are inserted into the ground and connected to each other. For example, a flat structure, an element structure having a cross section surrounded by a semicircle, a circle, an ellipse, or the like, or a “B” -shaped cross section, a cross section having a shape of “Sun” beside, It is an element structure having a “Π” -shaped cross section.
[0054]
Next, concrete or the like is filled in each element as necessary. Thereafter, the element structure formed in the ground is used as a protective work to excavate the soil and the like inside the element structure. Next, if necessary, an underground structure can be constructed by performing construction such as covering the inner surface of the element with concrete.
[0055]
The underground excavation elements 10, 20, and 30 of the first embodiment have a construction advantage when the underground excavation element is inserted into the ground while excavating the ground. This point will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a top view showing a state of the general element 20 during excavation / insertion.
[0056]
As shown in FIG. 4, for example, the general element 20A, 20B has already been inserted, and in the middle of excavating / inserting the new general element 20C so as to follow the existing general element 20B, When encountering an obstacle 70 such as a large rock block, the existing general part adjacent to the general part element 20C is used in addition to the method of taking the general part element 20C from the tip opening 25C of the general part element 20C. The side wall part partition plate nearest to the element 20B is removed, the side wall part opening 24B1 is opened, and the obstacle 70 is taken into the general part element 20B using this side wall part opening 24B1 and passed through the general part element 20B. Can be gone.
[0057]
Alternatively, the side wall part partition plate of the general part element 20B is removed to open the side wall part opening 24B2, and the nearest side wall part partition plate of the existing general part element 20A adjacent to the general part element 20B is removed. Side wall part opening 24A is made into an open state. Accordingly, the obstacle 70 can be further taken into the adjacent general part element 20A by using the side wall part openings 24B2 and 24A, and can be removed through the general part element 20A.
[0058]
Further, when any work (hereinafter referred to as “in-element work”), for example, a water stop work, is performed inside any of the reference element 10, the general element 20, and the corner element 30, The side wall part partition plate of the existing element adjacent to the element to be performed can be removed to open the side wall part opening, and the worker can be put in and out using the side wall part opening.
[0059]
Alternatively, when any object (for example, construction material) is carried into any one of the reference element 10, the general part element 20, and the corner part element 30, the object (for example, construction generated material such as excavated earth and sand) from any of these elements. It is also possible to remove the side wall part partition plate of the existing element adjacent to the element to be carried in or out to make the side wall part open, and use this side wall part opening.
[0060]
Therefore, if the reference element 10, the general part element 20, and the corner element 30 of the first embodiment are used, the time loss during construction can be prevented and the construction flexibility is increased. There is an advantage that the construction efficiency and construction capacity of the construction method for constructing an underground structure can be dramatically improved.
[0061]
(2) Second embodiment
The present invention can be realized by other configurations. Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0062]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of an underground excavation element according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a reference element as an example of the underground excavation element.
[0063]
As shown in FIG. 5A, the reference element 10A of the second embodiment includes a bottom plate 11a, a top plate 11b, a columnar member 12A, an element joint (not shown), and a side wall partition plate 15A. , “B” shaped hollow box shape. The reference element 10A of the second embodiment is different from the reference element 10 of the first embodiment in that a different columnar member 12A and a different side wall partition plate 15A are provided. The other components are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
[0064]
A plurality of columnar members 12 </ b> A are arranged so as to extend in the vertical direction at the side wall portion that is intermediate between the bottom plate 11 a and the top plate 11 b. These columnar members 12 constitute a connection structure. As shown in FIG. 5B, the columnar member 12A is a member having a substantially “H” -shaped cross section, which is joined to the bottom plate 11a and the top plate 11b by welding or the like, and connects the bottom plate 11a and the top plate 11b. Yes. Further, the columnar member 12A forms a side wall opening that communicates the hollow portion inside the reference element 10 with the outside. For example, three side wall partition plates 15A are arranged in the side wall opening. ing. These side wall partition plates 15 are adapted to be fitted into the recesses of the “H” -shaped cross section of the columnar member 12A. Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the side wall partition plate 15 </ b> A is configured to be easily detachable from the columnar member 12 by being inclined obliquely with respect to the columnar member 12 </ b> A.
[0065]
Also according to the second embodiment having the above-described configuration, it is possible to exhibit the functions and effects having the features of the present invention, as in the first embodiment.
[0066]
(3) Third embodiment
The present invention can be realized by other configurations. Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0067]
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an underground excavation element according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a reference element as an example of the underground excavation element.
[0068]
As shown in FIG. 6A, the reference element 10B of the third embodiment includes a bottom plate 11a, a top plate 11b, a columnar member 12, an element joint (not shown), a side wall partition plate 15, A horizontal joining member 17 is provided, and is configured in a hollow box shape having a “B” -shaped cross section. The reference element 10B of the third embodiment is different from the reference element 10 of the first embodiment in that a horizontal joining member 17 that joins the columnar members 12 is provided, and the side wall partition plate 15 is provided by the attachment / detachment tool 16B. This is a configuration that is detachable from the horizontal joining member 17. The other components are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
[0069]
In 3rd Embodiment, the columnar member 12 and the horizontal joining member 17 comprise the connection structure. Further, as the attachment / detachment tool 16B, a combination of a bolt and a nut, a clamp, a clip that is sandwiched using a spring, a holder that is sandwiched using a wedge, and the like are used.
[0070]
Also according to the third embodiment having the above-described configuration, the functions and effects having the features of the present invention can be exhibited, similarly to the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
[0071]
(4) Fourth embodiment
The present invention can be realized by other configurations. Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0072]
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of an underground excavation element according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, a reference element is illustrated as an example of the underground excavation element.
[0073]
As shown in FIG. 7, the reference element 10C of the fourth embodiment includes a bottom plate 11a, a top plate 11b, a truss diagonal member 12C, an element joint (not shown), and a side wall partition plate (not shown). It is comprised in the hollow box shape of a "B" -shaped cross section. The difference between the reference element 10 </ b> C of the fourth embodiment and the reference element 10 of the first embodiment is that a truss diagonal member 12 </ b> C is provided instead of the columnar member 12. The other components are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
[0074]
In the fourth embodiment, the truss diagonal member 12C constitutes a connection structure. Further, the truss diagonal member 12C forms a substantially triangular side wall opening 14C communicating with the outside.
[0075]
Also according to the fourth embodiment having the above-described configuration, the functions and effects having the features of the present invention can be exhibited as in the above-described embodiments.
[0076]
(5) Fifth embodiment
The present invention can be realized by other configurations. Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0077]
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of an underground excavation element according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 shows a reference element as an example of the underground excavation element.
[0078]
As shown in FIG. 8, the reference element 10D of the fifth embodiment includes a bottom plate 11a, a top plate 11b, a plate member 12D, an element joint (not shown), and a side wall partition plate (not shown). It is comprised in the hollow box shape of a "B" -shaped cross section. The difference between the reference element 10D of the fifth embodiment and the reference element 10 of the first embodiment is that a plate-like member 12D having a circular side wall opening 14D is provided instead of the columnar member 12. The other components are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
[0079]
In 5th Embodiment, plate-shaped member 12D comprises the connection structure. In addition, a circular side wall opening 14D communicating with the outside is formed by the plate-like member 12D.
[0080]
Also according to the fifth embodiment having the above-described configuration, the functions and effects having the features of the present invention can be exhibited as in the above-described embodiments.
[0081]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Each of the embodiments described above is an exemplification, and any configuration that has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and has the same operational effects can be used. It is included in the technical scope of the present invention.
[0082]
For example, in the above embodiment, the underground excavation element (for example, 10, 10A) provided with the side wall partition plate (for example, 15, 15A) has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this example. It is not limited, For example, you may make it implement | achieve the earth retaining function of a side wall part by another means, without providing a side wall part partition plate.
[0083]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the element for underground excavation (for example, 10, 10A) which attached the side wall part partition plate to the connection structure so that attachment or detachment was mentioned as an example was demonstrated, this invention is limited to this example. However, other configurations, for example, the side wall part partition plate may be detachably attached to the bottom plate, the side wall part partition plate may be detachably attached to the top plate, the side wall part partition plate may be the bottom plate, the top plate, It may be detachably attached to any of the connection structures or an appropriate combination.
[0084]
In addition, the side wall partition plate may have any configuration as long as it can be used as a retaining wall for the side wall portion of the underground excavation element, and other configurations other than the detachable configuration, such as a hinge and a slide mechanism, etc. The side wall partition plate may be moved only when necessary to form a side wall opening that communicates with the outside.
[0085]
In the above embodiment, the example in which the element structure is configured by the reference element 10 and the corner element 30 having a rectangular tubular cross section and the general element 20 having a substantially “U” -shaped cross section has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the underground excavation element having other configurations, for example, a substantially “day” shape, a substantially “eye” shape, a substantially “field” shape, and a substantially “circle” shape. An underground excavation element having a cross-section such as a shape may be used. These may be used in an appropriate combination. Therefore, unlike the above-described embodiment, the reference element 10 and the corner element 30 are not used, but only the general element 20 having a substantially “U” -shaped cross section is used (the four corners of the element structure are also substantially “ The element structure E1 may be configured using only the general element 20 having a U-shaped cross section.
[0086]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the case where the element coupling part (for example, 13 or 23) was provided in the corners of the reference | standard element 10 etc. was mentioned as an example, this invention is not limited to this example. The element joint portion may be provided in an intermediate portion (for example, a central portion) of a predetermined side of the underground excavation element having another configuration, for example, the underground excavation element.
[0087]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, since the side wall portion opening communicating with the outside can be formed in the side wall portion of the underground excavation element, there is a problem in excavating and inserting the element into the ground. Even if an object is encountered or work in the element is required, the underground excavation element that encounters an obstacle or the existing underground excavation element adjacent to the underground excavation element that performs the work in the element is used. Use the side wall opening of the connecting structure for the elements, or remove the partition plate of the adjacent existing underground excavation element to form the side wall opening to remove obstacles or work inside the element. It is possible to perform, various construction, carry-in / out, etc., prevent time loss during construction, and increase the flexibility of construction. Can remarkably improve the construction efficiency and construction capabilities, has the advantage that.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an overall configuration of an underground structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of an underground excavation element in the underground structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of an underground excavation element and an element joint portion in the underground structure of FIG. 1;
4 is a diagram for explaining a construction method in the underground structure of FIG. 1; FIG.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of an underground excavation element according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an underground excavation element according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of an underground excavation element according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of an underground excavation element according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 10A-10D Reference element (element for underground excavation)
11a Bottom plate
11b Top plate
12, 12A Columnar member (connection structure)
12C Truss diagonal (connection structure)
12D plate-like member (connection structure)
13 Element joint
13a Fitting part
13b base
13c, 13d Projection
13e groove
14, 14B-14D Side wall opening
15, 15A Side wall partition plate
16, 16B Detachment tool
17 Horizontal joining member (connection structure)
20, 20A-20C General part element (element for underground excavation)
21a Bottom plate
21b Top plate
22 Columnar member (connection structure)
23 Element joint
23a Fitting part
23b base
23c, 23d Projection
23e groove
24A-24B2 Side wall opening
25C Tip opening
30 Corner element (underground excavation element)
70 obstacles
101 Underground structure
E1 element structure

Claims (10)

A bottom plate extending in the element axial direction;
A top plate extending in the element axial direction and arranged in parallel above the bottom plate; and a connecting structure capable of connecting the bottom plate and the top plate at the side wall portion and forming a side wall portion opening communicating with the outside. ,
Extends in the element axial direction and connects to each other by fitting adjacent element joints, and transmits the force in the direction perpendicular to the element axis, which is perpendicular to the element axial direction, through the element joints. Equipped with a possible element joint, configured as a hollow box ,
An underground excavation element comprising: a side wall partition plate configured to detach and attach to the bottom plate, the top plate, or the connection structure by a detachable tool while closing the side wall opening . The underground excavation element according to claim 1,
An underground excavation element characterized in that a plurality of the connecting structures are columnar members arranged so as to extend in the vertical direction in the side wall portion between the bottom plate and the top plate. The underground excavation element according to claim 1,
Before SL side wall partition plate, element for ground drilling, which comprises using as the earth retaining wall portion. The underground excavation element according to claim 1 ,
The underground excavation element, wherein the side wall partition plate has a structure that does not bear an external force acting on the bottom plate, the top plate, or the connection structure. In underground drilling element according to claim 1, wherein said sidewall partition plate is ground drilling element, characterized in that it is constituted the bottom plate or moved can be in the top plate or the connecting structure. A bottom plate extending in the element axial direction, a top plate extending in the element axial direction and arranged in parallel above the bottom plate, and connecting the bottom plate and the top plate at the side wall portion and communicating with the outside. A connection structure capable of forming a side wall opening and a connection structure that extends in the axial direction of the element and is connected to each other by fitting between adjacent element joints in a direction perpendicular to the element axial direction by the element joint. An underground structure construction method using an element for underground excavation having an element joint portion capable of transmitting a force perpendicular to an element axis and having a hollow box shape,
The underground excavation element is inserted into the ground while excavating the ground at the tip end opening with the element axial direction as the insertion direction, and then an element joint portion of another underground excavation element is installed. By repeatedly inserting and guiding another element for underground excavation with the element axial direction as the insertion direction, the element coupling portion of the element for underground excavation is guided and guided, The elements for underground excavation are connected in the ground to form an element structure,
Next, excavating the ground inside the element structure as a protective work the element structure,
Next, an underground structure is constructed using the element structure as a main body,
When an obstacle is encountered when the underground excavation element is inserted into the ground while excavating the ground, an existing underground excavation element adjacent to the underground excavation element that has encountered the obstacle A method for constructing an underground structure , wherein the obstacle is removed by passing the obstacle through the side wall opening using the side wall opening of the connecting structure . In the underground structure construction method according to claim 6,
A method for constructing an underground structure comprising a side wall part partition plate for closing the side wall part opening and used as a retaining wall for the side wall part. In the underground structure construction method according to claim 7,
Obstacle and when encountered, existing underground drilling element in contact next to the underground digging elements encountered the obstacle when inserting the element for underground excavating the ground while performing ground excavation A method for constructing an underground structure comprising removing a side wall part partition plate to form a side wall part opening and removing the obstacle by passing the obstacle through the side wall part opening . In the underground structure construction method according to claim 7,
When performing an in-element work including a water stop for any of the underground excavation elements, use an opening of a side wall portion of an existing underground excavation element coupling structure adjacent to the underground excavation element or Construction of an underground structure characterized in that a side wall part partition plate of the adjacent existing underground excavation element is removed to form a side wall part opening, and an operator goes in and out through the side wall part opening. Method. In the underground structure construction method according to claim 7,
When an object is carried into any of the underground excavation elements or an object is carried out of any of the underground excavation elements, an existing underground excavation element adjacent to the underground excavation element is used. Using the side wall opening of the connection structure or by removing the side wall partition plate of the adjacent existing underground excavation element to form a side wall opening and passing the object through the side wall opening An underground structure construction method characterized by that.

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