JP3972695B2 - Method for producing lignophenol derivative - Google Patents
Method for producing lignophenol derivative Download PDFInfo
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- JP3972695B2 JP3972695B2 JP2002073144A JP2002073144A JP3972695B2 JP 3972695 B2 JP3972695 B2 JP 3972695B2 JP 2002073144 A JP2002073144 A JP 2002073144A JP 2002073144 A JP2002073144 A JP 2002073144A JP 3972695 B2 JP3972695 B2 JP 3972695B2
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- Prior art keywords
- lignophenol derivative
- antioxidant
- derivative
- lot
- acid
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
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- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
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- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 26
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- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JPYHHZQJCSQRJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phloroglucinol Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCC(=O)C1=C(O)C=C(O)C=C1O JPYHHZQJCSQRJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- QCDYQQDYXPDABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phloroglucinol Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 QCDYQQDYXPDABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
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- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-DUZGATOHSA-N D-araboascorbic acid Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-DUZGATOHSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229940026239 isoascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HCZKYJDFEPMADG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nordihydroguaiaretic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C(O)=CC=1CC(C)C(C)CC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 HCZKYJDFEPMADG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CPRMKOQKXYSDML-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Rb+] CPRMKOQKXYSDML-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethanol Chemical compound NCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1F MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- JMGZEFIQIZZSBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bioquercetin Natural products CC1OC(OCC(O)C2OC(OC3=C(Oc4cc(O)cc(O)c4C3=O)c5ccc(O)c(O)c5)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1O JMGZEFIQIZZSBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OVSQVDMCBVZWGM-IDRAQACASA-N Hirsutrin Natural products O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)C1=C(c2cc(O)c(O)cc2)Oc2c(c(O)cc(O)c2)C1=O OVSQVDMCBVZWGM-IDRAQACASA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVQOMEDMFUMIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hyperosid Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(=O)C2=C(O)C=C(O)C=C2OC1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 FVQOMEDMFUMIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019282 butylated hydroxyanisole Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- IVTMALDHFAHOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N eriodictyol 7-O-rutinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(C)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC=2C=C3C(C(C(O)=C(O3)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=CC=3)=O)=C(O)C=2)O1 IVTMALDHFAHOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OVSQVDMCBVZWGM-QCKGUQPXSA-N isoquercetin Natural products OC[C@@H]1O[C@@H](OC2=C(Oc3cc(O)cc(O)c3C2=O)c4ccc(O)c(O)c4)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O OVSQVDMCBVZWGM-QCKGUQPXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- FDRQPMVGJOQVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N quercetin rutinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC=2C(C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3OC=2C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=O)O1 FDRQPMVGJOQVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は木粉等からリグニンを分離精製するリグノフェノール誘導体の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、地球環境保全のため再生可能なバイオマスの利用が脚光を浴びている。木材についても紙,パルプ産業等で利用されてきたセルロースだけでなく、木材に25%〜30%の高い成分比率で含まれているリグニンに関心が寄せられている。しかし、木材においてはその主成分が構造及び性質の異なるリグニンとセルロース等の炭水化物とからなっており、リグニンを分離する必要がある。
従来、木材等からのリグニンの単離法には、▲1▼木粉の95%エタノールによる直接抽出、▲2▼木粉を振動式ボールミルを用いて径約10ミクロンまで微粉砕し、ついで含水ジオキサンによりリグニンを抽出する方法、▲3▼塩酸や硫酸によって加水分解する方法などがある。▲1▼,▲2▼の方法はリグニンの分離される割合が低く、▲3▼の方法はリグニン成分の分離がほぼ完璧に行われるが、リグニン成分の不活性化を伴うため有効利用が難しい問題があった。
【0003】
こうしたなかで、特許第2895087号でリグニンの良溶媒であるクレゾールを利用することによりリグニンの不活性化を抑える発明が開示された。さらに特開2001−261839で第3の方法(本願では以下「ProcessII stepII」という。)と称し、「…濃酸処理後の全反応液を過剰の水中に投入し、不溶区分を遠心分離にて集め、脱酸後、乾燥する。この乾燥物にアセトンあるいはアルコールを加えてリグノフェノール誘導体を抽出する。さらに、この可溶区分を第1の方法と同様に、過剰のエチルエーテル等に滴下して、リグノフェノール誘導体を不溶区分として得る」内容の粗リグノフェノール誘導体から高純度のリグノフェノール誘導体の製法発明が開示された。この発明は常温で反応させるためエネルギーの節約になることの他に、前記▲3▼の欠点のように縮合によるリグニンの不活性化を伴わないこと、前記▲1▼,▲2▼の欠点のように部分的なリグニンの抽出ではなく木粉中のほぼすべてのリグニンが取り出せるなど優れた技術となっている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、ProcessII stepIIは有機溶媒を多量に使用することによるコスト高と、有害な爆発性危険物を扱っていることなどが実用化するうえで問題であった。
【0005】
本発明は上記問題点を解決するもので、健康や環境により配慮した製法で低コスト化を実現するリグノフェノール誘導体の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成すべく、請求項1の発明の要旨は、フェノール誘導体が収着されたリグノセルロース系材料に酸を添加して混合し、リグニンとフェノール誘導体が反応したリグノフェノール誘導体相をセルロース成分が溶解した酸の相から相分離した後、この相分離したリグノフェノール誘導体相に過剰の水を加えて不溶区分の粗リグノフェノール誘導体を回収し、続いて、該粗リグノフェノール誘導体に酸化防止剤を加え、次いで、水酸化ナトリウム又は水酸化カリウムの水溶液を加えて反応させ、しかる後、固液分離を行うことにより分離精製されることを特徴とするリグノフェノール誘導体の製造方法にある。
請求項2の発明たるリグノフェノール誘導体の製造方法は、請求項1で、フェノール誘導体が疎水性物質からなり、且つ前記酸化防止剤が水溶性物質からなることを特徴とする。
請求項3の発明たるリグノフェノール誘導体の製造方法は、請求項1又は2で、酸化防止剤及びアルカリの濃度がそれぞれ0.1N〜2Nの範囲内にあることを特徴とする。
請求項4の発明たるリグノフェノール誘導体の製造方法は、請求項3で、酸化防止剤が有機系の酸化防止剤で、且つその量が前記水酸化ナトリウム又は水酸化カリウムの量と同じかそれ以上であることを特徴とする。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係るリグノフェノール誘導体の製造方法について詳述する。図1は本発明のリグノフェノール誘導体の製造方法を従来法のProcessII stepIIの反応と対比表示したもので、不溶区分の粗リグノフェノール誘導体を造るところまで同じになっている。
【0008】
粗リグノフェノール誘導体は、フェノール誘導体が収着されたリグノセルロース系材料に酸を添加して混合し、その後、過剰の水を加えて不溶区分として分離する。
詳しくは、特開2001-261839にあるProcessII stepIIの方法の記載と同様、「木粉等のリグノセルロース系材料にフェノール誘導体が溶解した溶媒を浸透させた後、溶媒を留去する(フェノール誘導体の収着工程)。次に、このリグノセルロース系材料に酸を混合しセルロース分を酸に溶解」させる。リグニンとフェノール誘導体が反応したリグノフェノール誘導体相はセルロース成分が溶解した酸の相から相分離される。その後、この相分離した反応液に過剰の水を加えて不溶区分を遠心分離により回収して粗リグノフェノール誘導体を得る。
【0009】
前記リグノセルロース系材料とはリグニンとセルロースを含有する針葉樹,広葉樹などの植物で、例えば木材,木片,木粉、木質材料としての合板,集成材,パーティクルボード等、さらにそれらの廃材がある。また各種草本植物、農産廃棄物等も該当する。
【0010】
前記フェノール誘導体は、特開2001-261839,特開2001-131201,特開平9-278904号等に記載のフェノール誘導体と同様に、1価のフェノール誘導体,2価のフェノール誘導体,3価のフェノール誘導体などを用いることができる。具体的には、フロログルシノール・ヒドロキシヒドロキノン・ピロガロール等の三価体、カテコール・レゾルシノール・ハイドロキノン等の二価体、フェノールなどを挙げることができる。リグノセルロース系材料がフェノール誘導体により合成されるリグノフェノール誘導体が疎水性の反応なので一価のフェノールをフェノール誘導体として使用するのが好ましく、コスト,安定性,取り扱い易さ等を鑑みればクレゾールがより好ましい。
なお、フェノール誘導体が有していてもよい置換基の種類は限定されない。
【0011】
前記酸とはセルロースに対して膨潤性を有する酸で、65重量%以上の硫酸(例えば、72重量%の硫酸)、85重量%以上のリン酸、38重量%以上の塩酸、p-トルエンスルホン酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、トリクロロ酢酸、ギ酸などを挙げることができる。
【0012】
ここで図1を改めて見ると、リグノセルロース系材料からリグニンを分離しリグノフェノール誘導体の製造する視点に立てば、反応自体は酸を投入して撹拌が止まった時点で終わっており、あとは未反応のセルロースや木粉等のリグノセルロース系材料とリグノフェノール誘導体を分けているだけである。本発明者等はProcessII stepIIのアセトン抽出時に出てくる不溶成分を事前に取り除けば、アセトン抽出も、その後のジエチルエーテルに滴下する操作も必要なくなるという知見をもとに鋭意研究した。
【0013】
そして、前記不溶区分として得られた粗リグノフェノール誘導体を以下のように精製するリグノフェノール誘導体の製造方法を発明した。すなわち、前記粗リグノフェノール誘導体に所定濃度の酸化防止剤を加え、次いで、アルカリ水溶液に溶解させて所定時間反応させ、固液分離して精製するのである。
リグノフェノール誘導体が、アルカリ水溶液に溶けるという性質を有し、且つ一般的なポリフェノールと同様に水・酸・アルカリ・熱・光による酸化を受け、褐色から濃褐色となる性質を有することから、酸化防止剤で処理した後に不純物をアルカリで溶解すれば前記粗リグノフェノール誘導体を精製できることを見出した。先に粗リグノフェノール誘導体をアルカリ水溶液に溶解させてしまうと、不溶区分に対し親和性があると同時に酸化してしまう。この反応は不可逆反応であると考えられ、その後に酸化防止剤をいくら投入してもリグノフェノール誘導体を分離することは困難になる。すなわち、後で酸化防止剤を入れても効果がなく、収率が著しく落ちてしまう。また、このときの物質はFT-IRの結果から見ると縮合による変性が進み、市販のアルカリリグニンと同様、ピークがはっきりしなくなっている。これに対し、リグノフェノール誘導体がアルカリ溶液に溶解しないよう予め粗リグノフェノール誘導体を酸化防止剤に反応させ保護しておいてから、その後、アルカリ水溶液に反応させれば、固液分離することにより精製された所望のリグノフェノール誘導体が得られる。
粗リグノフェノール誘導体に含まれていたセルロース成分(完全に反応しなかった又はしていないセルロース成分)の不純物はアルカリ水溶液に溶解して分離除去される。リグノフェノール誘導体(リグノクレゾール)もアルカリに溶けるが、事前に酸化防止剤があると糖等の不純物は溶けリグノフェノール誘導体(リグノクレゾール)は溶けないと考えられる。
【0014】
前記アルカリには水酸化ナトリウム,水酸化カリウム,水酸化ルビジウム,水酸化セシウム,水酸化マグネシウム,水酸化カルシウム,水酸化ストロンチウム,水酸化バリウム等のアルカリ金属,アルカリ土類金属の水酸化物が可能で、アルカリ水溶液とする水系の反応が望ましい。危険性や水への溶解度,反応効率等を鑑みれば水酸化ナトリウム,水酸化カリウムが好ましい。
【0015】
前記酸化防止剤にはフェノール誘導体・芳香族アミン・ホスホン酸エステルなどが用いられる。具体的には亜硫酸ナトリウム,次亜硫酸ナトリウム,亜硫酸カリウム等の亜硫酸塩,イソケルセチン,EDTA-Ca・Na,EDTA-Na,NDGA,エリソルビン酸,オリザノール,グアヤク脂,クエン酸エステル,セザモール,トコフェノール,BHA,BHT,没食子酸,ルチン等がある。なお、無機系の酸化防止剤はリグノクレゾールの活性基を保護する能力が低く、有機系のものがより好ましい。
酸化防止剤に用いるフェノール誘導体としては粗リグノフェノール誘導体を造る段階でリグノセルロース系材料に添加されるフェノール誘導体と同様のものを用いることができ、フロログルシノール・ヒドロキシヒドロキノン・ピロガロール等の三価体、カテコール・レゾルシノール・ハイドロキノン等の二価体、フェノールなどを挙げることができる。フェノール誘導体が有していてもよい置換基の種類は限定されない。
さらに、酸化防止剤の処理とアルカリ処理は水系の反応であるので、反応効率を鑑みれば酸化防止剤は水溶性であるのが好ましく、フェノール誘導体に関していえば前記リグノセルロース系材料に添加されるフェノール誘導体とは異なり、3価のフェノールが好適となる。水に対する溶解度という点を鑑みれば、フロログルシノール・ヒドロキシヒドロキノン・ピロガロール・カテコール・レゾルシノールがより好ましい。その他、水溶性の酸化防止剤で好ましい例としてエリソルビン酸等を挙げることができる。
また、酸化防止剤と共にアスコルビン酸,クエン酸,リン酸等の補助剤を加えると、これらの補助剤が酸化防止剤と共存させることにより効力を強め、また酸化防止剤の使用量を減らすことができより好適となる。
【0016】
前記酸化防止剤とアルカリの濃度について好ましい範囲は、共に0.1N〜2Nで、より好ましくは0.1N〜1Nである。0.1Nよりも少ない場合は色差計結果での変化が少ないことや、精製の効果が薄れる。一方、1N以上ではProcessII stepIIと色が変わらなくなり、保護するのに充分な量になっているからである。またその後の遠心分離による中和操作を行う手間を軽減化できるからである。
酸化防止剤の量はアルカリの量と同じかそれ以上にするのが好ましい。ピロガロールやピロカテコール等の酸化防止剤の量が水酸化ナトリウム等のアルカリの量よりも低い場合には、収率が下がり、縮合による変性が進む傾向が見られるからである。実際、Lot.7(後述)のように酸化防止剤よりアルカリが多い場合には縮合による変性とともに一部のリグノクレゾールも溶解し、収率が下がっている。
【0017】
以下、実施例をもって詳述する。
(1)不溶区分の粗リグノフェノール誘導体の製造
図1中の不溶区分(*)たる粗リグノフェノール誘導体までの反応は公知で、その不溶区分を次のようにして得た。
針葉樹として県内木材加工会社から排出したヒノキの製材おがくず 、広葉樹として宮城県の木粉製造会社から手に入れたブナ木粉を用意し乾燥後、20メッシュのふるいで粒度調整を行った。その木粉1kgと5kgのアセトンをステンレス容器に入れ混合攪拌し、一晩放置した。その後、200meshの金網上で吸引ろ過し、脱脂を行った。そしてそのろ液を取り除いた固形物3kgとアセトン3kgを再びステンレス容器に入れ、脱脂を行う操作を3度行った。
ステンレス容器に上記脱脂木粉3kgを入れた後、1.2kgのp-クレゾールを含むアセトン溶液4.2kgを入れ、混合攪拌し一晩放置し吸引ろ過を行い、その後アセトンを蒸発させる形でp-クレゾールを収着させた木粉を得た。そのときの重量は1.3kgであった。
この収着木粉10kgを攪拌翼をつけたフッ素樹脂内張りの反応装置に入れ、攪拌しながら72%硫酸50kgを加えていく。加えた後も引き続き60分間攪拌を行った。反応後、80リットルの水を予め入れた水槽に反応物を全て空け、反応を停止させた。このとき、水槽の全量は約120リットルであった。
この全液を200リットルのプラスチックタンク2基に分けて入れ、水道水をいっぱいまで加え、攪拌した後放置する。しばらくすると、沈殿が形成される。上澄液をデカンテーションすることにより酸性溶液を中性付近まで水洗いした。中性となったのをpH試験紙で確認してから、ブフナーロートで沈殿物をろ過し、乾燥することにより不溶区分を得た。
【0018】
(2)リグノフェノール誘導体の製造
前記不溶区分20gと表1中に示す所定濃度(ここでは0.1N、0.5N、1.0N)の酸化防止剤200mlを500mlのビーカーに入れ、スターラーで攪拌しながら30分反応させた。酸化防止剤としてピロガロールを用いている。次いで、それぞれの濃度の酸化防止剤に対し所定濃度(ここでは0.1N、0.5N、1.0N)のNaOH溶液を加えて2時間反応させた。反応終了後、遠心分離を行い、上澄液のpHが7になるまで水洗し、40℃で送風乾燥機で48時間乾燥し、重量を測定した。その測定収量は作製したサンプルのLot番号後の括弧内に表示した。酸化防止剤としてピロカテコールを用い、ピロガロールと同様の反応操作を行った結果を表2に示す。
なお、不溶区分20gに対しピロガロール又はピロカテコールの酸化防止剤200mlを使用するが、酸化防止剤の液量は150mlから200mlの範囲が好ましい。150ml未満では、酸化防止剤投入時に均一な懸濁液を作りにくく、200mlを越える場合は濃度が1Nを越えたときと同様、中和操作に手間がかかってしまうからである。
【0019】
【表1】
【0020】
【表2】
【0021】
Lot.4,7,8,13,16,17については、アルカリによる溶解が進み、反応後かなりの重量減少が見られた。アルカリ濃度が酸化防止剤の濃度より高いと、粗リグノフェノール誘導体に酸化防止剤を加えた後、アルカリを加えて反応させても収量が低下した。さらにそれらの精製後のサンプルの表面は焦茶色であった。図2に酸化防止剤としてピロガロールを用いたときの色差計の結果を示す。図2でLot.0、およびLot.19〜Lot.26は表2の下方に数行にわたって記載したそれぞれの条件で作製したサンプルについての測定結果である。Lot.22〜Lot.24の行で右端の括弧内の数値は収量を示す。
【0022】
図2の横軸(a*)は彩度であり、増加するほど赤みがあることを示す。縦軸(b*)は色相であり、増加するほど黄色っぽくなることを意味する。また、各点の横の数値はLot番号とその隣の括弧内がL*値(明度)で、L*値は明るさを示す。Lot.0は、処理前の粗リグノフェノール誘導体の乾燥物で、全ての結果の中でa*は最も大きく、b*値は最も低く、L*も低いものであった。一方、Lot.19は図1中の従来法によって得られたものであるが、Lot.0に比べて赤みが消え、黄色がかり、明るくなっている。ピロガロールの酸化防止剤処理とアルカリ処理を行った結果については、目標とするLot.19の値に近似しており、おおむね良好な結果が得られた。
さらに詳しくみれば、Lot.1、5、9を比較した場合、ピロガロール及びNaOHの濃度が低いLot.1のデータが、最もLot.0に近い値であった。また、Lot.1、2、3については、ピロガロール濃度を上げたLog.3が最もb*値が上昇した.Lot.2、5、8やLot.3、6、9のようにアルカリ濃度を増加させると、a*値が下降する傾向が見られた。Lot.4、22、23では反応時間を変化させたが、それらの色差計の結果にほとんど差異が見られず、反応は非常に短い時間で完了すると考えられる。Lot.9の濃度条件でアルカリ処理した後にピロガロールを加えるという手順を逆にしたLot.24は、a*値b*値ともLot.19に近い値になったが、収率が少なく、L値も下がった。
【0023】
また酸化防止剤としてピロカテコールを用いたときの色差計の結果を図3に示すが、図2と同じ傾向であった。詳しくみれば、Lot.10、14、18で比較した場合、ピロカテコール及びNaOHの濃度が低いLot.10の条件が最もLot.0に近い値であった。Lot10、11、12とLot13、14、15とLot16、17、18で比較すると、同一ピロカテコール濃度の場合はNaOHの濃度が高いほどLot.19の色に近づいた。ただし、Lot13とLot.16は収率が低くL*値も低かった。
【0024】
・FT-IRの結果
図4にフーリエ変換赤外分光装置を用いKBr法による測定(FT-IR)の結果を示す。ヒノキをProcessII stepIIで処理したLot.19とLot.9の簡易精製法になる本製法との間に違いは見られなかった。さらに図4に関し詳しく検討を加えると、Lot.7のようにピロガロールに比べてアルカリの濃度を高くした場合ではピークの大きさ位置は変化がなかったが、ピークの大きさは全般的にはっきりしないものとなった.アセトン残さ(Lot.26)は、アルカリで抽出したリグニンの残さを再びジエチルエーテルで洗浄した場合の不溶解物であるが、プロセスIIstepII(Lot.19)の試料と比較すると1060cm−1 (◎)あたりにピークが見られる。これはセルロース・ヘミセルロースに由来するC-O伸縮のピークであり、抽出残さには、これらの成分を比較的多く含むことが示唆された。さらに、ピークはブロードなものとなった。これは縮合が進むことなどによる変性が進み、官能基の数の減少や結合状態の複雑化が起こっている傾向が強いと思われる。アルカリリグニン(Lot.25)はアセトン残さよりもさらに明確でない様子が見られたが、セルロース・ヘミセルロースのC-H変角運動を示す1363cm−1(□)のピークが見られなくなった。これはリグニンは変性を受けているものの純度が高いことを意味すると思われる。ブナのProcessII stepII(Lot.20)は、1326cm−1付近に(■)にヒノキでははっきりと確認できないシリンギル核に由来するピークが見られる。またヒノキの場合に多く見られる1032cm−1(▽)と1265cm−1(◇)のグアイアシル核に由来するピークの代わりにブナに見られる1140cm−1(▼)と1220cm−1(◆)のシリンギル核に由来するピークの強度が相対的に強くなっている。また、ブナを用いたLot.18の本製法によるFT-IRの結果は、ヒノキのケースと同様、ブナのProcessII stepII(Lot.20)との間で差異が認められなかった。
【0025】
その他、図示を省略するが、示差走査熱量計(DSC)による測定を行った。ProcessII stepIIで製造したリグノフェノール誘導体(リグノクレゾール)と本法のリグノフェノール誘導体(リグノクレゾール)の測定値はバラツキがあるもののほぼ同じであった。
【0026】
このように構成したリグノフェノール誘導体の製造方法によれば、ProcessII stepIIの従来法の優れた特徴として取上げられた▲1▼常温で反応させるためエネルギーの節約になること、▲2▼リグニンの不活性化を伴わないこと、▲3▼部分的なリグニンの抽出ではなく木粉中のほぼすべてのリグニンが取り出せること等の特徴を維持できる。しかも、簡易精製ながら、ProcessII stepIIの従来法と同等のFT-IR,DSCデータをもつ生成物が得られる。すなわち、図1中の不溶区分を酸化防止剤(ピロガロール,ピロカテコール等)とアルカリ水溶液(水酸化ナトリウム等)を用いて処理することにより,従来の相分離システムから得られたリグノフェノール誘導体(リグノクレゾール等)と同等のものが得られる。本製法のリグノクレゾールが有機溶剤に溶けないことによる物性に違いについて、従来法と物性が若干異なるものの、プラスチックの可塑剤等として使用可能な結果が出ている。さらに、本製法を用いれば生成コストが従来法の約1/3になると試算され、と同時に、従来法に比べ環境負荷を低減できる。
【0027】
加えて、本製法は反応時間が非常に短く、製造時間の短縮化が図られ、生産性向上に大きく貢献できる。実施例でも反応時間に関して酸化防止剤30分、アルカリ水溶液2時間をベースに行ったが、Lot.22および23においてそれぞれの反応時間を1分、5分にしても生成が行われるのを確認している。
【0028】
尚、本発明においては、前記具体的実施形態に示すものに限られず、目的,用途に応じて本発明の範囲で種々変更した実施形態とすることができる。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
以上ごとく本発明のリグノフェノール誘導体の製造方法は、アセトンやジエチルエーテル等の有機溶媒,爆発性危険物を使用せずに健康や環境により配慮した製法で、実用化の途を開き、さらに反応が速く実用化するうえで重要な低コスト化,生産性向上等をも実現できるなど優れた効果を発揮する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】従来法と本発明の製造プロセスの対比図である。
【図2】酸化防止剤としてピロガロールを用いた場合のリグノクレゾールの色差計結果グラフである。
【図3】酸化防止剤としてピロカテコールを用いた場合のリグノクレゾールの色差計結果グラフである。
【図4】リグノクレゾールのFT-IRスペクトルグラフである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a lignophenol derivative in which lignin is separated and purified from wood flour or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the use of renewable biomass for global environmental conservation has been in the spotlight. Regarding wood, not only cellulose that has been used in the paper and pulp industries, but also lignin contained in wood at a high component ratio of 25% to 30% is attracting attention. However, the main components of wood are lignin having different structures and properties and carbohydrates such as cellulose, and it is necessary to separate lignin.
Conventionally, lignin is isolated from wood by the following methods: (1) Direct extraction of wood flour with 95% ethanol; (2) Fine grinding of wood flour to a diameter of about 10 microns using a vibrating ball mill; There are a method of extracting lignin with dioxane, and a method of hydrolyzing with (3) hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid. The methods (1) and (2) have a low rate of separation of lignin, and the method (3) is almost completely separated from the lignin component, but it is difficult to use effectively because it involves inactivation of the lignin component. There was a problem.
[0003]
Under such circumstances, Japanese Patent No. 2895087 discloses an invention that suppresses inactivation of lignin by using cresol, which is a good solvent for lignin. Furthermore, it is referred to as the third method (hereinafter referred to as “ProcessII stepII” in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-261839), and “… all the reaction solution after concentrated acid treatment is poured into excess water and the insoluble fraction is separated by centrifugation. Collect, deacidify and dry, add acetone or alcohol to the dried product to extract the lignophenol derivative, and add this soluble fraction dropwise to excess ethyl ether, etc. as in the first method. The invention of a method for producing a high-purity lignophenol derivative from a crude lignophenol derivative having the content “obtain lignophenol derivative as an insoluble category” has been disclosed. In addition to saving energy due to the reaction at room temperature, the present invention does not involve inactivation of lignin by condensation, such as the above-mentioned defect (3), and the defects (1) and (2). Thus, it has become an excellent technique such as extraction of almost all lignin in wood flour instead of partial lignin extraction.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, Process II step II had problems in putting it into practical use, such as the high cost of using a large amount of organic solvent and the handling of harmful explosive hazardous materials.
[0005]
This invention solves the said problem, and it aims at providing the manufacturing method of a lignophenol derivative which implement | achieves cost reduction by the manufacturing method which considered health and the environment.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the gist of the invention of
The method for producing a lignophenol derivative as claimed in
The method for producing a lignophenol derivative according to a third aspect of the present invention is the method according to the first or second aspect, wherein the concentrations of the antioxidant and the alkali are in the range of 0.1N to 2N, respectively.
The method for producing a lignophenol derivative according to
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the lignophenol derivative which concerns on this invention is explained in full detail. FIG. 1 shows a method for producing a lignophenol derivative of the present invention in contrast to the conventional process II step II reaction, and the process is the same up to the production of a crude lignophenol derivative in an insoluble category.
[0008]
The crude lignophenol derivative is mixed with the lignocellulosic material sorbed with the phenol derivative by adding an acid, and then added as an insoluble fraction by adding excess water.
For details, as described in Process II step II in JP-A-2001-261839, “After dissolving a solvent in which a phenol derivative is dissolved in a lignocellulosic material such as wood flour, the solvent is distilled off (of the phenol derivative). Next, an acid is mixed with the lignocellulosic material to dissolve the cellulose content in the acid. The lignophenol derivative phase in which the lignin and the phenol derivative are reacted is phase-separated from the acid phase in which the cellulose component is dissolved. Thereafter, excess water is added to the phase-separated reaction solution, and the insoluble fraction is recovered by centrifugation to obtain a crude lignophenol derivative.
[0009]
The lignocellulosic materials are plants such as conifers and hardwoods containing lignin and cellulose, such as wood, wood chips, wood flour, plywood as woody material, laminated wood, particle board, etc., and their waste materials. Various herbaceous plants, agricultural wastes, etc. are also applicable.
[0010]
The phenol derivatives are monovalent phenol derivatives, divalent phenol derivatives, trivalent phenol derivatives as described in JP 2001-261839, JP 2001-131201, and JP 9-278904 A. Etc. can be used. Specific examples include trivalent compounds such as phloroglucinol, hydroxyhydroquinone and pyrogallol, divalent compounds such as catechol, resorcinol and hydroquinone, and phenol. Since lignophenol derivatives synthesized with phenol derivatives are hydrophobic reactions, it is preferable to use monovalent phenols as phenol derivatives, and cresol is more preferable in view of cost, stability, ease of handling, etc. .
In addition, the kind of substituent which the phenol derivative may have is not limited.
[0011]
The acid is an acid that swells with respect to cellulose and is 65% by weight sulfuric acid (for example, 72% by weight sulfuric acid), 85% by weight phosphoric acid, 38% by weight hydrochloric acid, p-toluenesulfone. Examples include acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, formic acid and the like.
[0012]
Here, looking again at FIG. 1, from the viewpoint of separating lignin from lignocellulosic material and producing a lignophenol derivative, the reaction itself is finished when the acid is added and stirring is stopped, and the rest is not yet completed. Only lignocellulosic materials such as cellulose and wood flour in the reaction are separated from lignophenol derivatives. The present inventors conducted extensive research based on the knowledge that if the insoluble components that appear during acetone extraction in Process II step II are removed in advance, neither acetone extraction nor subsequent dropping to diethyl ether is required.
[0013]
And the manufacturing method of the lignophenol derivative which refine | purifies the crude lignophenol derivative obtained as said insoluble division as follows was invented. That is, an antioxidant having a predetermined concentration is added to the crude lignophenol derivative, then dissolved in an alkaline aqueous solution, reacted for a predetermined time, solid-liquid separated and purified.
The lignophenol derivative has the property of being soluble in an alkaline aqueous solution and, like general polyphenols, is oxidized by water, acid, alkali, heat, light, and has the property of changing from brown to dark brown. It has been found that the crude lignophenol derivative can be purified by dissolving the impurities with alkali after treating with an inhibitor. If the crude lignophenol derivative is first dissolved in the alkaline aqueous solution, it has an affinity for the insoluble section and is oxidized at the same time. This reaction is considered to be an irreversible reaction, and it becomes difficult to separate the lignophenol derivative no matter how much antioxidant is added thereafter. That is, even if an antioxidant is added later, there is no effect, and the yield drops significantly. In addition, the substance at this time is denatured by condensation as seen from the results of FT-IR, and the peak is not clear like commercial alkaline lignin. In contrast, the crude lignophenol derivative is protected by reacting with an antioxidant in advance so that the lignophenol derivative does not dissolve in the alkaline solution, and then purified by solid-liquid separation if reacted with an alkaline aqueous solution. The desired lignophenol derivative is obtained.
Impurities of the cellulose component (cellulose component not completely reacted or not) contained in the crude lignophenol derivative are dissolved and removed in an alkaline aqueous solution. Lignophenol derivatives (lignocresol) are also soluble in alkali, but if there is an antioxidant in advance, impurities such as sugar will dissolve and lignophenol derivatives (lignocresol) will not dissolve.
[0014]
The alkali can be a hydroxide of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, rubidium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, etc. Thus, an aqueous reaction to make an alkaline aqueous solution is desirable. In view of danger, solubility in water, reaction efficiency, etc., sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are preferred.
[0015]
As the antioxidant, phenol derivatives, aromatic amines, phosphonic acid esters and the like are used. Specifically, sulfites such as sodium sulfite, sodium hyposulfite, potassium sulfite, isoquercetin, EDTA-Ca ・ Na, EDTA-Na, NDGA, erythorbic acid, oryzanol, guaiac fat, citrate ester, sezamol, tocophenol, There are BHA, BHT, gallic acid, rutin and so on. The inorganic antioxidant has a low ability to protect the active group of lignocresol, and an organic one is more preferable.
As the phenol derivative used for the antioxidant, the same phenol derivative added to the lignocellulosic material at the stage of producing the crude lignophenol derivative can be used, and trivalent compounds such as phloroglucinol, hydroxyhydroquinone and pyrogallol. And divalent compounds such as catechol, resorcinol and hydroquinone, and phenol. The kind of substituent which the phenol derivative may have is not limited.
Furthermore, since the antioxidant treatment and the alkali treatment are aqueous reactions, the antioxidant is preferably water-soluble in view of the reaction efficiency. In terms of phenol derivatives, phenol added to the lignocellulosic material. Unlike derivatives, trivalent phenols are preferred. In view of solubility in water, phloroglucinol, hydroxyhydroquinone, pyrogallol, catechol, and resorcinol are more preferable. Other preferred examples of water-soluble antioxidants include erythorbic acid.
In addition, the addition of adjuvants such as ascorbic acid, citric acid, and phosphoric acid together with antioxidants increases the effectiveness of these adjuvants by coexisting with antioxidants, and also reduces the amount of antioxidants used. This is more preferable.
[0016]
The preferred ranges for the antioxidant and alkali concentrations are both 0.1N to 2N, more preferably 0.1N to 1N. When it is less than 0.1N, there is little change in the color difference result, and the effect of purification is diminished. On the other hand, at 1N or more, the color does not change from Process II step II, and it is sufficient to protect. Further, it is possible to reduce the trouble of performing the neutralization operation by subsequent centrifugation.
The amount of antioxidant is preferably equal to or greater than the amount of alkali. This is because when the amount of the antioxidant such as pyrogallol or pyrocatechol is lower than the amount of the alkali such as sodium hydroxide, the yield decreases and the modification by condensation tends to proceed. In fact, as in Lot.7 (described later), when there is more alkali than the antioxidant, a part of lignocresol is dissolved together with modification by condensation, and the yield is lowered.
[0017]
Hereinafter, it explains in full detail with an Example.
(1) Production of Crude Lignophenol Derivative in Insoluble Category The reaction up to the crude lignophenol derivative as insoluble category (*) in Fig. 1 is known, and the insoluble category was obtained as follows.
The cypress sawdust from the timber processing company in the prefecture as conifers and the beech wood powder obtained from the wood manufacturing company in Miyagi Prefecture as hardwood were prepared, dried, and then adjusted in particle size with a 20 mesh sieve. 1 kg of the wood flour and 5 kg of acetone were placed in a stainless steel container, mixed and stirred, and left overnight. Then, it suction-filtered on the 200mesh metal-mesh and degreased. Then, 3 kg of the solid matter from which the filtrate had been removed and 3 kg of acetone were again placed in the stainless steel container and degreasing was performed three times.
After putting 3 kg of the above defatted wood powder in a stainless steel container, add 4.2 kg of acetone solution containing 1.2 kg of p-cresol, mix and stir overnight, perform suction filtration, and then evaporate the acetone. A wood powder sorbed was obtained. The weight at that time was 1.3 kg.
10 kg of this sorbed wood flour is placed in a fluororesin-lined reactor equipped with a stirring blade, and 50 kg of 72% sulfuric acid is added while stirring. After the addition, stirring was continued for 60 minutes. After the reaction, all the reactants were emptied into a water tank previously filled with 80 liters of water to stop the reaction. At this time, the total amount of the water tank was about 120 liters.
Put this whole liquid in two 200-liter plastic tanks, add tap water to the full, stir and leave it. After a while, a precipitate is formed. The acidic solution was washed with water to near neutrality by decanting the supernatant. After confirming neutrality with pH test paper, the precipitate was filtered with a Buchner funnel and dried to obtain an insoluble fraction.
[0018]
(2) Production of lignophenol derivative 20 g of the above insoluble category and 200 ml of the prescribed concentration shown in Table 1 (here 0.1N, 0.5N, 1.0N) were placed in a 500 ml beaker and stirred with a stirrer. It was made to react for minutes. Pyrogallol is used as an antioxidant. Next, a NaOH solution of a predetermined concentration (here, 0.1N, 0.5N, 1.0N) was added to each concentration of antioxidant and reacted for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was centrifuged, washed with water until the pH of the supernatant became 7, dried at 40 ° C. with a blow dryer for 48 hours, and the weight was measured. The measured yield was indicated in parentheses after the Lot number of the prepared sample. Table 2 shows the results of a reaction operation similar to that of pyrogallol using pyrocatechol as an antioxidant.
In addition, although 200 ml of pyrogallol or pyrocatechol antioxidant is used for 20 g of the insoluble section, the amount of the antioxidant is preferably in the range of 150 ml to 200 ml. If it is less than 150 ml, it is difficult to form a uniform suspension when the antioxidant is added, and if it exceeds 200 ml, the neutralization operation takes time as in the case where the concentration exceeds 1 N.
[0019]
[Table 1]
[0020]
[Table 2]
[0021]
For Lot.4, 7, 8, 13, 16, and 17, dissolution by alkali progressed, and a considerable weight reduction was observed after the reaction. When the alkali concentration was higher than the concentration of the antioxidant, the yield decreased even when the antioxidant was added to the crude lignophenol derivative and then reacted by adding an alkali. Furthermore, the surface of the samples after their purification was dark brown. FIG. 2 shows the results of a color difference meter when pyrogallol is used as an antioxidant. In FIG. 2, Lot.0 and Lot.19 to Lot.26 are the measurement results for the samples prepared under the respective conditions described in several rows below Table 2. The numbers in parentheses at the right end in the lines of Lot.22 to Lot.24 indicate the yield.
[0022]
The horizontal axis (a *) in FIG. 2 is the saturation, which indicates that the redness increases as it increases. The vertical axis (b *) is the hue, meaning that the color increases as it increases. In addition, the numerical value next to each point is the Lot number and the L * value (brightness) in the parenthesis next to the Lot number, and the L * value indicates the brightness. Lot.0 was a dry product of the crude lignophenol derivative before the treatment. Among all the results, a * was the largest, b * value was the lowest, and L * was also the lowest. On the other hand, Lot.19 was obtained by the conventional method in FIG. 1, but the redness disappeared, yellowish and brighter than Lot.0. The results of the pyrogallol antioxidant treatment and alkali treatment were close to the target Lot.19 value, and generally good results were obtained.
More specifically, when Lot.1, 5, and 9 were compared, the data of Lot.1 having low pyrogallol and NaOH concentrations was the closest to Lot.0. As for Lots.1, 2, and 3, the b * value increased most in Log.3 with increased pyrogallol concentration. When the alkali concentration was increased as in Lot.2, 5,8 and Lot.3,6,9, the a * value tended to decrease. In Lot.4, 22, and 23, the reaction time was changed, but there was almost no difference in the results of these colorimeters, and the reaction was considered to be completed in a very short time. Lot.24, in which the procedure of adding pyrogallol after alkali treatment under the Lot.9 concentration condition was reversed, the a * value and b * value were close to Lot.19, but the yield was low and the L value Also fell.
[0023]
The results of the color difference meter when pyrocatechol was used as an antioxidant are shown in FIG. 3, and the same tendency as in FIG. More specifically, when comparing Lot.10, 14, and 18, the conditions of Lot.10 having low concentrations of pyrocatechol and NaOH were values closest to Lot.0. When comparing
[0024]
-Results of FT-IR Fig. 4 shows the results of measurement by the KBr method (FT-IR) using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. There was no difference between this method, which is a simple purification method for Lot.19 and Lot.9, where Hinoki was processed in ProcessII stepII. Further examination of FIG. 4 shows that when the alkali concentration is higher than pyrogallol as in Lot.7, the peak size position did not change, but the peak size is generally unclear. It became a thing. Acetone residue (Lot. 26) is an insoluble material when the residue of lignin extracted with alkali is washed again with diethyl ether, but it is 1060 cm −1 (◎) compared with the sample of Process II step II (Lot. 19). A peak is seen around. This is a peak of CO expansion and contraction derived from cellulose and hemicellulose, suggesting that the extraction residue contains a relatively large amount of these components. In addition, the peak was broad. This is thought to be due to the tendency of denaturation due to the progress of condensation and the reduction of the number of functional groups and complication of the bonding state. Alkali lignin (Lot. 25) was found to be less clear than the residue of acetone, but a peak at 1363 cm −1 (□) indicating CH bending motion of cellulose and hemicellulose was not observed. This seems to mean that lignin is highly purified although it has undergone denaturation. In Process II step II (Lot. 20) of beech, a peak derived from syringyl nuclei that cannot be clearly confirmed by cypress is observed at (■) in the vicinity of 1326 cm −1 . The syringyl of 1140cm -1 (▼) and 1220cm -1 (◆) found in beech instead of the peaks derived from the guaiacyl nucleus of 1032cm -1 (▽) and 1265cm -1 (◇), which are often seen in cypress The intensity of the peak derived from the nucleus is relatively strong. Moreover, the result of FT-IR by this manufacturing method of Lot.18 which used beech was not different from the beech ProcessII stepII (Lot.20) like the cypress case.
[0025]
In addition, although illustration was abbreviate | omitted, the measurement by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was performed. The measured values of the lignophenol derivative (lignocresol) produced in Process II step II and the lignophenol derivative (lignocresol) of this method were almost the same, although there were variations.
[0026]
According to the method for producing a lignophenol derivative constructed as described above, (1) energy saving due to reaction at room temperature, which was taken up as an excellent feature of the conventional process II step II, (2) inactivation of lignin (3) It is possible to maintain the characteristics such as (3) that not all partial lignin extraction but almost all lignin in the wood flour can be taken out. Moreover, a product having FT-IR and DSC data equivalent to the conventional method of Process II step II can be obtained with simple purification. That is, the insoluble category in FIG. 1 is treated with an antioxidant (pyrogallol, pyrocatechol, etc.) and an alkaline aqueous solution (sodium hydroxide, etc.), thereby producing a lignophenol derivative (lignophenol) obtained from a conventional phase separation system. Equivalent to cresol). Regarding the difference in physical properties due to the fact that lignocresol of this production method does not dissolve in an organic solvent, although the physical properties are slightly different from those of the conventional method, it can be used as a plasticizer for plastics. Furthermore, if this production method is used, the production cost is estimated to be about 1/3 that of the conventional method. At the same time, the environmental load can be reduced as compared with the conventional method.
[0027]
In addition, this production method has a very short reaction time, shortens the production time, and can greatly contribute to the improvement of productivity. In the examples, the reaction time was 30 minutes based on the antioxidant and the alkaline
[0028]
The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment described above, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention depending on the purpose and application.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the method for producing a lignophenol derivative of the present invention is a production method that takes into consideration health and the environment without using organic solvents such as acetone and diethyl ether and explosive hazardous materials. It has excellent effects such as cost reduction and productivity improvement that are important for rapid commercialization.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a comparison diagram between a conventional method and a manufacturing process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a color difference meter graph of lignocresol when pyrogallol is used as an antioxidant.
FIG. 3 is a color difference meter graph of lignocresol when pyrocatechol is used as an antioxidant.
FIG. 4 is an FT-IR spectrum graph of lignocresol.
Claims (4)
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| JP4840561B2 (en) * | 2005-09-06 | 2011-12-21 | 機能性木質新素材技術研究組合 | Method for purifying lignophenol derivatives |
| JP2007291287A (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-11-08 | Osaka Univ | Allergen inhibitor compounds |
| JP5071772B2 (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2012-11-14 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | Method for producing lignophenol |
| JP5146799B2 (en) * | 2007-03-19 | 2013-02-20 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | Method for producing lignophenol |
| JP5458430B2 (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2014-04-02 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | Purification method of lignophenol derivatives |
| CN117801311A (en) * | 2023-12-28 | 2024-04-02 | 大连工业大学 | A method for preparing catechol monomer compounds through rapid microwave extraction of C-lignin and hydrogenolysis |
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