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JP4029604B2 - Rolling bearing - Google Patents
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JP4029604B2 - Rolling bearing - Google Patents

Rolling bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4029604B2
JP4029604B2 JP2001365254A JP2001365254A JP4029604B2 JP 4029604 B2 JP4029604 B2 JP 4029604B2 JP 2001365254 A JP2001365254 A JP 2001365254A JP 2001365254 A JP2001365254 A JP 2001365254A JP 4029604 B2 JP4029604 B2 JP 4029604B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
lubricant
deterioration
rolling bearing
bearing
rotation
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP2001365254A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003166696A (en
Inventor
道太 外尾
耕一 八谷
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6603Special parts or details in view of lubrication with grease as lubricant
    • F16C33/6622Details of supply and/or removal of the grease, e.g. purging grease
    • F16C33/6625Controlling or conditioning the grease supply
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6659Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles
    • F16C33/667Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles related to conditioning, e.g. cooling, filtering
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6659Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles
    • F16C33/6662Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles the liquid being carried by air or other gases, e.g. mist lubrication

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、潤滑剤劣化検出装置を備えた転がり軸受に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
潤滑油やグリース等の潤滑剤により潤滑されている転動装置では、潤滑剤が劣化すると、トルクの上昇、摩耗の増加、温度上昇等が生じて、異常発生の原因となる。
潤滑剤劣化の主要な原因としては、熱による分解や酸化反応による劣化(酸化劣化)が挙げられる。酸化劣化は、▲1▼潤滑剤への水分の混入、▲2▼転動装置の運転停止時に雰囲気温度が低下して潤滑剤に接触する空気中の水蒸気が凝結して水になり、潤滑剤の水分含有率が高くなること、▲3▼酸化防止剤の消耗等によって促進される。また、潤滑剤が劣化すると、酸の生成、潤滑剤成分の分解に伴う揮発性(低分子量)炭化水素の生成、ケトン基等を有する化合物の生成、および潤滑膜の厚さ低下に伴う摩耗量の増加等が生じる。
【0003】
そのため、酸化劣化の原因である水分量や、劣化の結果として生じる摩耗の量、酸量、炭化水素の揮発量、およびケトン基等を有する化合物量を測定することにより、潤滑剤の劣化状態を判定することができる。
従来は、稼動中の転動装置から定期的に潤滑剤を採取して、例えば以下に示す方法で潤滑剤の劣化状態を検査している。その方法とは、「JIS K2275」に示されるカールフィッシャー法等により水分量を測定する方法、原子吸光分析法等で金属の定量を行うことで摩耗量を測定する方法、「ASTM D3242」に示される全酸価試験法により酸量を測定する方法、赤外分光分析法により1710cm-1付近のカルボニル基に起因する吸光度を測定する方法(ケトン基量測定方法)である。
【0004】
一方、特開平12−146762号公報には、転がり軸受の異常を自動的に診断する装置が記載されている。この装置では、転がり軸受から発生する異常音を周波数解析することによって異常の原因を診断している。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、定期的に潤滑剤を採取してその劣化状態を検査する方法では、検査と検査の間に急激に劣化が進んだ場合に異常の発生を防止することができない。そのため、転動装置内の潤滑剤の劣化度合いを常時監視できるようにすることが求められている。
また、特開平12−146762号公報に記載の装置は、転がり軸受の外輪と内輪または軸体と転動体などの形状が不完全な場合に発生する、いわゆる「びびり音」や、傷の発生による傷音などの異常音が発生して初めて異常の診断がなされるため、異常の発生を未然に防ぐことはできない。
【0006】
本発明は、転動装置等の異常発生を未然に防ぐことを目的とし、この目的を達成するために、転動装置等の機械内の潤滑剤の劣化状態を常時検出することのできる装置を提供することを課題とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、本発明は、シールド板を有し、潤滑剤によって潤滑されている転がり軸受において、軸受内に存在する炭化水素、硫化水素、およびアンモニアの少なくともいずれかの気体を検出するガスセンサを備えた潤滑剤劣化検出装置を備え、シールド板の円板部に開口部を設け、この開口部にセラミックスフィルタを介して、前記ガスセンサを設けたことを特徴とする転がり軸受を提供する。
【0008】
この潤滑剤劣化検出装置によれば、潤滑剤の酸化劣化に伴って生じるガス状の炭化水素、硫化水素、またはアンモニアを常時検出することによって、前記軸受内の潤滑剤の劣化状態を常時検出することができる。
ガス状の炭化水素は、前述のように、潤滑剤の酸化劣化に伴い潤滑剤成分が分解されて、低分子量の炭化水素となることにより発生する。また、潤滑剤をなす化合物が硫黄や窒素を含む場合には、潤滑剤の劣化の際に、転走面でのトライボケミカル反応によって硫化水素やアンモニアガスが発生する場合がある。そのため、炭化水素、硫化水素、およびアンモニアの少なくともいずれかの気体を検出することによって、潤滑剤の劣化を検出することができる。
【0009】
この装置で使用できるガスセンサとしては、例えば、酸化錫、酸化ジルコニア等の酸化物を用いた、金属酸化物半導体ガスセンサ等を用いることができる。
本発明はまた、シールド板を有し、潤滑剤によって潤滑されている転がり軸受において、軸受内に存在する潤滑剤に含まれている水分を検出する水分センサを備えた潤滑剤劣化検出装置を備え、シールド板の円板部に開口部を設け、この開口部にセラミックスフィルタを介して、前記水分センサを設けたことを特徴とする転がり軸受を提供する。
【0010】
この潤滑剤劣化検出装置によれば、潤滑剤の酸化劣化の原因である水分を常時検出することによって、前記軸受内の潤滑剤の劣化状態を常時検出することができる。
この装置で使用できる水分センサとしては、例えば、高分子膜やセラミックスを利用したインピーダンス変化型または容量変化型の湿度センサ、赤外線吸収やマイクロ波吸収等の電磁波の吸収を利用した電磁波吸収型センサ等を用いることができる。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態について説明する。
[第1実施形態]
図1〜3を用いて本発明の第1実施形態について説明する。
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に相当する潤滑剤劣化検出装置を備えた転がり軸受を示す断面図である。
【0017】
この転がり軸受(転動装置)1は、内輪(内方部材)11、外輪(外方部材)12、玉(転動体)13、保持器14、およびシールド板15で構成された密封型深溝玉軸受である。この転がり軸受1のシールド板15に、潤滑剤劣化検出装置2の検出部21が取り付けられている。潤滑剤劣化検出装置2は、この検出部21と、装置本体22と、これらを接続する配線23とからなる。
図2は、シールド板15の部分拡大図である。この図に示すように、シールド板15の円板部15aに開口部15bを設け、この開口部15bに潤滑剤劣化検出装置2の検出部21が取り付けられている。検出部21は、シールド板15と同じ金属製の筒体21aと、セラミックスフィルタ21bと、ガスセンサ21cとで構成されている。
【0018】
セラミックスフィルタ21bとガスセンサ21cは筒体21a内に配置されている。筒体21aの長さ方向一端側に、端面全体を塞ぐようにセラミックスフィルタ21bが配置され、前記長さ方向中間部にガスセンサ21cが配置されている。また、前記長さ方向他端側に、ガスセンサ21cからの配線23が延びている。この筒体21aのセラミックスフィルタ21b側の端部が、開口部15b内に配置され、円板部15aに接着剤により固定されている。
【0019】
ガスセンサ21cは酸化錫からなり、炭化水素の量を抵抗値で検出するセンサである。この抵抗値は炭化水素の生成量に反比例した値となる。このガスセンサ21cからの抵抗値を示す電気信号が、配線23を介して装置本体22の演算部に入力される。この装置本体22は、演算部で、入力された電気信号から転がり軸受1の内部に生じた炭化水素の量を算出し、この炭化水素量に基づいて転がり軸受1内の潤滑油の劣化状態を表示するように構成されている。
【0020】
セラミックスフィルタ21bは、転がり軸受1内の潤滑剤が飛散してガスセンサ21cが汚染することを防止する目的で設置されている。
図1の転がり軸受1として、寸法が内径:50mm、外径:110mm、幅:27mmであるものを用い、内輪回転、グリース潤滑、回転速度:300rpm、軸受外輪温度:70℃、ラジアル荷重98N(10kgf)の条件で連続回転させた。グリースとしては、増ちょう剤がリチウム石けんであり、基油が鉱油である市販のグリースを用いた。回転開始と同時に潤滑剤劣化検出装置2を稼働させて、転がり軸受1内に存在する炭化水素量を所定時間毎に測定することにより、転がり軸受1内の潤滑剤の劣化状態を所定時間毎に検出した。
【0021】
すなわち、所定時間毎に、潤滑剤劣化検出装置2のガスセンサ21cによる抵抗値を測定し、回転初期(回転開始から30分後)での抵抗値を「1」とした「比抵抗値」を算出した。ガスセンサ21cによる抵抗値は炭化水素量に反比例するため、「比抵抗値」は潤滑剤の劣化に伴って転がり軸受1内に増加する炭化水素量に反比例する。
この潤滑剤劣化検出装置2による潤滑剤劣化の検出確度を検証するために、所定時間毎に転がり軸受1内からグリースを採取して、「ASTM D3242」に示される全酸価試験法によりグリースの全酸価を測定した。また、新品のグリースの全酸価を「1」とした「比全酸価」を算出した。「比全酸価」は潤滑剤の劣化に伴って大きくなる。
【0022】
図3は、この回転試験の結果を示すグラフであって、回転時間と比抵抗値および比全酸価との関係を示す。このグラフから分かるように、潤滑剤の劣化度合いを直接示す値であって、劣化度合いに比例する「比全酸価」と、潤滑剤の劣化度合いを間接的に示す値(転がり軸受1内の炭化水素量)であって、劣化度合いに反比例する「比抵抗値」とは、ほぼ反比例の関係にある。
したがって、この潤滑剤劣化検出装置2によれば、転がり軸受1内に存在する炭化水素を常時検出することによって、転がり軸受1内の潤滑剤を採取することなく、その劣化状態を検出することができる。
[第2実施形態]
図2のガスセンサ21cに代えて水分センサを用い、これ以外は前記第1実施形態と同じ構成である、潤滑剤劣化検出装置を備えた転がり軸受を作製した。水分センサとしては、セラミックス製の電気抵抗式湿度センサを用いた。
【0023】
この湿度センサ(水分センサ)21cからの抵抗値を示す電気信号が、配線23を介して装置本体22の演算部に入力される。この装置本体22は、演算部で、入力された電気信号から転がり軸受1内の相対湿度を算出し、この相対湿度に基づいて転がり軸受1内の潤滑油の劣化状態を表示するように構成されている。図1の転がり軸受1として、寸法が内径:50mm、外径:110mm、幅:27mmであるものを用い、内輪回転、グリース潤滑、回転速度:300rpm、軸受外輪温度:70℃、ラジアル荷重98N(10kgf)の条件で20時間連続回転した後に、4時間回転を停止することを繰り返す断続運転を行った。グリースとしては、第1実施形態と同じものを使用した。回転開始と同時に潤滑剤劣化検出装置2を稼働させて、転がり軸受1内の湿度を所定時間毎に測定することにより、転がり軸受1内の潤滑剤の劣化状態を所定時間毎に検出した。
【0024】
すなわち、断続運転中の各回転停止から1時間後に、潤滑剤劣化検出装置2の湿度センサ21cによる抵抗値を測定し、回転初期(回転開始から30分後)での相対湿度を「1」とした「比相対湿度」を算出した。
この潤滑剤劣化検出装置2による潤滑剤劣化の検出確度を検証するために、所定時間毎に転がり軸受1内からグリースを採取して、「JIS K 2275」に示されるカールフィッシャー法でグリースに含まれる水分量を測定した。また、新品のグリースに含まれる水分量を「1」とした「比水分量」を算出した。
【0025】
図4は、この回転試験の結果を示すグラフであって、回転時間と比相対湿度および比水分量との関係を示す。このグラフから分かるように、潤滑剤に含まれる水分量を直接測定した「比水分量」と、潤滑剤に含まれる水分量を間接的に測定した「比相対湿度」とは、ほぼ比例の関係にある。
したがって、この潤滑剤劣化検出装置2によれば、転がり軸受1内の相対湿度を常時検出することによって、転がり軸受1内の潤滑剤を採取することなく、その劣化状態を検出することができる。
[第3実施形態]
図5〜7を用いて本発明の第3実施形態について説明する。
【0026】
図5は、循環式のジェット潤滑機構を備えた軸受装置を示す断面図である。この軸受装置では、主軸31とこれと一体に回転するスリーブ32とからなる回転軸3が、ハウジング4に対して、4個の転がり軸受51〜54によって回転自在に支持されている。ハウジング4には、各転がり軸受51〜54に潤滑油を供給するための給油口41,42および給油路41a,42aと、各転がり軸受51〜54内を通った潤滑油を排出するための、排油口43,44および排油路43a,44aが設けられている。ハウジング4には、また、別の排油口45、46とオイルポケット46aが設けてある。
【0027】
給油口41,42は、配管71により潤滑油のリザーバ6と接続されている。排油口43〜46は、それぞれ配管73〜76により潤滑油のリザーバ6と接続されている。配管71と給油口41,42との間には分配器77が設けてある。また、配管71には、流量調整弁78a,78bの作動に伴ってリザーバ6に潤滑油を戻すための分岐配管78が設けてある。
リザーバ6の潤滑油は、ポンプでくみ上げられて配管71から分配器77を介して給油口41,42に向かう。さらに、ハウジング4の給油路41a,42aを通って、4個の転がり軸受51〜54に供給され、排油路43a,44aを通って排油口43,44からリザーバ6に向かう。
【0028】
この軸受装置には、潤滑油供給用の配管71の分配器77より少し上流部に、潤滑剤劣化検出装置8が設置されている。この潤滑剤劣化検出装置8は、検出部81と、装置本体82と、これらを接続する配線83とからなり、1710cm-1のカルボニル基に起因する吸光度を測定し、この吸光度に基づいて配管71内の潤滑油の劣化状態を表示するように構成されている。
図6に示すように、配管71よりも径が小さい小径配管71aが配管71に接続してあり、検出部81は、この小径配管71の位置に配置されている。検出部81は、赤外分光光度計を構成する赤外線発光器81aおよび検出器81bと、試料セル部81cとからなる。試料セル部81cは2枚のKBr結晶板からなり、小径配管71に平行に対向する配置で固定されている。2枚のKBr結晶板の間隔は2mmとした。赤外線発光器81aと検出器81bは、この2枚のKBr結晶板(試料セル部)81cを挟んで対向する位置に配置されている。
【0029】
図5の転がり軸受51〜54として、内輪、外輪および転動体がSUJ2製であり、寸法が内径:65mm、外径:100mm、幅:18mmであるアンギュラ玉軸受を用い、内輪回転、回転速度:dmn値(mm・rpm)が60万、軸受温度:120℃の条件で連続運転した。なお、連続運転の前に10時間慣らし運転を行った。潤滑油としては、アメリカ空軍規格の「MIL−L−23699」に適合するガスタービンオイルを用いた。
【0030】
連続運転の回転開始と同時に潤滑剤劣化検出装置8を稼働させて、配管71a内に存在するの潤滑油の1710cm-1での吸光度を所定時間毎に測定した。すなわち、潤滑油の劣化に伴って生成されるケトン基を含有する化合物の量を測定することにより、配管71a内に存在する潤滑剤の劣化状態を所定時間毎に検出した。そして、測定された各吸光度から、連続運転の回転開始時の前記吸光度を「1」とした「比赤外吸収度」を算出した。
【0031】
この潤滑剤劣化検出装置8による潤滑剤劣化の検出確度を検証するために、リザーバ6から潤滑油を採取して、「ASTM D3242」に示される全酸価試験法により潤滑油の全酸価を測定した。また、新品の潤滑油の全酸価を「1」とした「比全酸価」を算出した。
図7は、この回転試験の結果を示すグラフであって、回転時間と比赤外吸収度および比全酸価との関係を示す。このグラフから分かるように、潤滑剤の劣化度合いを直接示す値であって、劣化度合いに比例する「比全酸価」と、潤滑剤の劣化度合いを間接的に示す値(ケトン基を含有する化合物の量)であって、劣化度合いに比例する「比赤外吸収度」とは、ほぼ比例の関係にある。
【0032】
したがって、この潤滑剤劣化検出装置8によれば、潤滑油供給配管71内に存在するケトン基を含有する化合物量を常時検出することによって、軸受装置に供給される潤滑剤を採取することなく、その劣化状態を検出することができる。
[第4実施形態]
図5に示す軸受装置の潤滑剤劣化検出装置8を構成する検出部81として、圧電セラミックスを用いたショックセンサ(異物センサ)を使用した。ショックセンサは、衝撃に起因する急激な電圧の変化を検出するセンサである。図8に示すように、このショックセンサ81を、配管71の潤滑油の流れる方向に対して傾斜し、且つ検出面全体が配管71内に配置されるように取り付けた。これにより、配管71内の潤滑油はショックセンサ81に接触しながら流れるため、ショックセンサ81により潤滑油に存在する異物が検出される。
【0033】
これ以外は第3実施形態と同じ構成とし、同じ方法で図5の軸受装置を回転させた。回転開始と同時に潤滑剤劣化検出装置8を稼働させて、ショックセンサ81により配管71内の潤滑油に存在する異物を検出した。ここでは、ショックセンサ81が1分間に検出した異物数を「異物カウント数」として検出した。また、連続運転の回転開始時の「異物カウント数」を「1」とした「比異物カウント数」を算出した。
【0034】
この潤滑剤劣化検出装置8による潤滑剤劣化の検出確度を検証するために、所定時間毎に、リザーバ6から潤滑油を採取して、原子吸光分析法により潤滑油に含まれる鉄粉量を測定した。測定された各摩耗量から、連続運転の回転開始時の前記摩耗量を「1」とした「比摩耗量」を算出した。
図9は、この回転試験の結果を示すグラフであって、回転時間と比異物カウント数および比摩耗量との関係を示す。このグラフから分かるように、潤滑油に含まれる異物の量を直接測定した「比摩耗量」と、潤滑油に含まれる異物の量を間接的に測定した「比異物カウント数」とは、ほぼ比例の関係にある。
【0035】
したがって、この潤滑剤劣化検出装置8によれば、潤滑油供給配管71内に存在する潤滑油に含まれる異物をショックセンサ81により常時検出することによって、軸受装置に供給される潤滑剤を採取することなく、その劣化状態を検出することができる。
[第5実施形態]
図5に示す軸受装置の潤滑剤劣化検出装置8を構成する検出部81として、人工脂質高分子膜を利用した味覚センサを使用した。この味覚センサにより、潤滑剤の劣化によって増加する酸味成分量(水素イオン濃度)が、膜電位の値として検出できる。
【0036】
図10に示すように、この味覚センサ81を、配管71に設けた開口部71bに、検出面が配管71の内面より外側となるようにして取り付けた。開口部71bは、配管71の外側から内側に向けて寸法が小さくなるテーパ状に設けた。これにより、配管71内の潤滑油が一時的に開口部71bの部分に溜まるため、膜電位の測定が確実に行われる。
これ以外は第3実施形態と同じ構成とし、同じ方法で図5の軸受装置を回転させた。回転開始と同時に潤滑剤劣化検出装置8を稼働させて、味覚センサ81による膜電位値を測定した。すなわち、潤滑油の劣化に伴って生成される酸味成分に起因する水素イオン濃度を測定することにより、配管71a内に存在する潤滑剤の劣化状態を所定時間毎に検出した。そして、測定された膜電位から、回転開始時の膜電位を「1」とした「比膜電位」を算出した。
【0037】
この潤滑剤劣化検出装置8による潤滑剤劣化の検出確度を検証するために、リザーバ6から潤滑油を採取して、「ASTM D3242」に示される全酸価試験法により潤滑油の全酸価を測定した。また、新品の潤滑油の全酸価を「1」とした「比全酸価」を算出した。
図11は、この回転試験の結果を示すグラフであって、回転時間と比膜電位および比全酸価との関係を示す。このグラフから分かるように、潤滑剤の劣化度合いを直接示す値であって、劣化度合いに比例する「比全酸価」と、潤滑剤の劣化度合いを間接的に示す値(水素イオン濃度)であって、劣化度合いに比例する「比膜電位」とは、ほぼ比例の関係にある。
【0038】
したがって、この潤滑剤劣化検出装置8によれば、潤滑油供給配管71内に存在する潤滑油に含まれる水素イオン濃度を常時検出することによって、軸受装置に供給される潤滑剤を採取することなく、その劣化状態を検出することができる。
【0039】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、転動装置等の機械内の潤滑剤の劣化状態を常時検出することができるため、転動装置等の異常発生を未然に防ぐことができるようになる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1および第2実施形態に相当する、潤滑剤劣化検出装置を備えた転がり軸受を示す断面図である。
【図2】本発明の第1および第2実施形態に相当する、潤滑剤劣化検出装置の検出部を示す断面図(シールド板の部分拡大図)である。
【図3】第1実施形態の回転試験結果を示すグラフであって、回転時間と、ガスセンサによる比抵抗値および直接測定した比全酸価との関係を示す。
【図4】第2実施形態の回転試験結果を示すグラフであって、回転時間と、湿度センサによる比相対湿度および直接測定した比水分量との関係を示す。
【図5】本発明の第3〜5実施形態に相当する、潤滑剤劣化検出装置を備えた軸受装置を示す断面図である。
【図6】本発明の第3実施形態に相当する、潤滑剤劣化検出装置の検出部を示す断面図である。
【図7】第3実施形態の回転試験結果を示すグラフであって、回転時間と、赤外分光光度計による比赤外吸収度および直接測定した比全酸価との関係を示す。
【図8】本発明の第4実施形態に相当する、潤滑剤劣化検出装置の検出部を示す断面図である。
【図9】第4実施形態の回転試験結果を示すグラフであって、回転時間と、ショックセンサによる比異物カウント数および直接測定した比摩耗量との関係を示す。
【図10】本発明の第5実施形態に相当する、潤滑剤劣化検出装置の検出部を示す断面図である。
【図11】第5実施形態の回転試験結果を示すグラフであって、回転時間と、味覚センサによる比膜電位および直接測定した比全酸価との関係を示す。
【符号の説明】
1 転がり軸受(転動装置)
11 内輪(内方部材)
12 外輪(外方部材)
13 玉(転動体)
14 保持器
15 シールド板
15a 円板部
15b 開口部
2 潤滑剤劣化検出装置
21 検出部
22 装置本体
23 配線
21a 筒体
21b セラミックスフィルタ
21c ガスセンサ、湿度センサ(水分センサ)
3 回転軸
31 主軸
32 スリーブ
4 ハウジング
41,42 給油口
41a,42a 給油路
43,44 排油口
43a,44a 排油路
45、46 排油口
46a オイルポケット
51〜54 転がり軸受
6 リザーバ
71 配管
71a 小径配管
71b 配管の開口部
73〜76 配管
77 分配器
78a,78b 流量調整弁
78 分岐配管
8 潤滑剤劣化検出装置
81 検出部
81a 赤外線発光器
81b 検出器
81c 2枚のKBr結晶板からなる試料セル部
82 装置本体
83 配線
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rolling rising bearing having a lubricant deterioration detecting device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a rolling device that is lubricated with a lubricant such as lubricating oil or grease, when the lubricant is deteriorated, an increase in torque, an increase in wear, a temperature rise, and the like are caused, thereby causing an abnormality.
Major causes of lubricant deterioration include thermal decomposition and deterioration due to oxidation reaction (oxidation deterioration). Oxidation degradation is caused by (1) mixing of moisture into the lubricant, and (2) when the rolling device is shut down, the atmospheric temperature decreases and water vapor in the air that contacts the lubricant condenses to become water. It is promoted by an increase in the moisture content of the water and (3) consumption of antioxidants. In addition, when the lubricant deteriorates, acid generation, volatile (low molecular weight) hydrocarbon generation associated with the decomposition of the lubricant components, formation of compounds having ketone groups, etc., and wear due to reduction in the thickness of the lubricating film Increase.
[0003]
Therefore, by measuring the amount of moisture that is the cause of oxidative degradation, the amount of wear that occurs as a result of degradation, the amount of acid, the volatilization amount of hydrocarbons, and the amount of compounds having ketone groups, the deterioration state of the lubricant can be determined. Can be determined.
Conventionally, a lubricant is periodically collected from an operating rolling device, and the deterioration state of the lubricant is inspected by, for example, the following method. The method is a method of measuring the amount of water by the Karl Fischer method shown in “JIS K2275”, a method of measuring the amount of wear by quantifying metals by an atomic absorption analysis method, etc., and shown in “ASTM D3242”. A method for measuring an acid amount by a total acid value test method, and a method for measuring an absorbance caused by a carbonyl group in the vicinity of 1710 cm −1 by an infrared spectroscopy (a method for measuring a ketone group amount).
[0004]
On the other hand, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 12-146762 describes an apparatus for automatically diagnosing a rolling bearing abnormality. In this apparatus, the cause of the abnormality is diagnosed by frequency analysis of the abnormal sound generated from the rolling bearing.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the method of periodically collecting the lubricant and inspecting the deterioration state, it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of abnormality when the deterioration rapidly advances between inspections. For this reason, it is required to constantly monitor the degree of deterioration of the lubricant in the rolling device.
In addition, the device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 12-146762 is based on the so-called “chatter noise” generated when the outer ring and inner ring of the rolling bearing or the shaft body and the rolling element are incomplete, or the occurrence of scratches. Since an abnormality is diagnosed only after an abnormal sound such as a flaw is generated, the occurrence of the abnormality cannot be prevented in advance.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to prevent the occurrence of an abnormality in a rolling device or the like, and in order to achieve this purpose, a device that can always detect the deterioration state of a lubricant in a machine such as a rolling device. The issue is to provide.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention detects a gas of at least one of hydrocarbon, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia present in a bearing in a rolling bearing having a shield plate and lubricated by a lubricant. comprising a Jun lubricant deterioration detecting device provided with a gas sensor for an opening provided in the disc portion of the shield plate through the ceramic filter into the opening, provides a rolling bearing, characterized in that a said gas sensor .
[0008]
According to this lubricant deterioration detecting device, the deterioration state of the lubricant in the bearing is always detected by constantly detecting gaseous hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, or ammonia generated along with the oxidative deterioration of the lubricant. be able to.
As described above, the gaseous hydrocarbon is generated when the lubricant component is decomposed as a result of the oxidative deterioration of the lubricant and becomes a low molecular weight hydrocarbon. Further, when the compound constituting the lubricant contains sulfur or nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide or ammonia gas may be generated due to a tribochemical reaction on the rolling surface when the lubricant is deteriorated. Therefore, it is possible to detect the deterioration of the lubricant by detecting at least one of hydrocarbon, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia.
[0009]
As a gas sensor that can be used in this apparatus, for example, a metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor using an oxide such as tin oxide or zirconia oxide can be used.
The present invention also includes a shield plate in a rolling bearing which is lubricated by a lubricant, provided with or lubricants deterioration detecting device provided with a moisture sensor for detecting the moisture contained in the lubricant present in the bearing The rolling bearing is characterized in that an opening is provided in the disk portion of the shield plate, and the moisture sensor is provided in the opening via a ceramic filter .
[0010]
According to this lubricant deterioration detection device, it is possible to always detect the deterioration state of the lubricant in the bearing by constantly detecting moisture that is the cause of oxidative deterioration of the lubricant.
Examples of moisture sensors that can be used in this apparatus include impedance change type or capacitance change type humidity sensors using polymer films and ceramics, electromagnetic wave absorption sensors using electromagnetic wave absorption such as infrared absorption and microwave absorption, etc. Can be used.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[First Embodiment]
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a rolling bearing provided with a lubricant deterioration detection device corresponding to the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0017]
The rolling bearing (rolling device) 1 includes an inner ring (inner member) 11, an outer ring (outer member) 12, a ball (rolling element) 13, a cage 14, and a shield plate 15, and a sealed deep groove ball. It is a bearing. A detection unit 21 of the lubricant deterioration detection device 2 is attached to the shield plate 15 of the rolling bearing 1. The lubricant deterioration detection device 2 includes the detection unit 21, a device main body 22, and a wiring 23 that connects them.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the shield plate 15. As shown in this figure, an opening 15b is provided in the disk portion 15a of the shield plate 15, and the detection portion 21 of the lubricant deterioration detection device 2 is attached to the opening 15b. The detection unit 21 includes a cylindrical body 21a made of the same metal as the shield plate 15, a ceramic filter 21b, and a gas sensor 21c.
[0018]
The ceramic filter 21b and the gas sensor 21c are disposed in the cylindrical body 21a. A ceramic filter 21b is disposed at one end in the length direction of the cylindrical body 21a so as to block the entire end surface, and a gas sensor 21c is disposed at the middle portion in the length direction. Moreover, the wiring 23 from the gas sensor 21c extends to the other end in the length direction. The end of the cylindrical body 21a on the ceramic filter 21b side is disposed in the opening 15b and is fixed to the disk 15a with an adhesive.
[0019]
The gas sensor 21c is made of tin oxide, and is a sensor that detects the amount of hydrocarbon by a resistance value. This resistance value is a value inversely proportional to the amount of hydrocarbon produced. An electric signal indicating the resistance value from the gas sensor 21 c is input to the arithmetic unit of the apparatus main body 22 via the wiring 23. This apparatus main body 22 calculates the amount of hydrocarbons generated inside the rolling bearing 1 from the input electrical signal at the calculation unit, and determines the deterioration state of the lubricating oil in the rolling bearing 1 based on the amount of hydrocarbons. It is configured to display.
[0020]
The ceramic filter 21b is installed for the purpose of preventing the lubricant in the rolling bearing 1 from scattering and contaminating the gas sensor 21c.
The rolling bearing 1 shown in FIG. 1 has dimensions of inner diameter: 50 mm, outer diameter: 110 mm, width: 27 mm, inner ring rotation, grease lubrication, rotation speed: 300 rpm, bearing outer ring temperature: 70 ° C., radial load 98 N ( It was continuously rotated under the condition of 10 kgf). As the grease, a commercially available grease in which the thickener is lithium soap and the base oil is mineral oil was used. Simultaneously with the start of rotation, the lubricant deterioration detection device 2 is operated, and the amount of hydrocarbons present in the rolling bearing 1 is measured every predetermined time, whereby the deterioration state of the lubricant in the rolling bearing 1 is determined every predetermined time. Detected.
[0021]
That is, the resistance value by the gas sensor 21c of the lubricant deterioration detection device 2 is measured every predetermined time, and the “specific resistance value” is calculated by setting the resistance value at the initial stage of rotation (after 30 minutes from the start of rotation) to “1”. did. Since the resistance value by the gas sensor 21c is inversely proportional to the amount of hydrocarbon, the “specific resistance value” is inversely proportional to the amount of hydrocarbon that increases in the rolling bearing 1 as the lubricant deteriorates.
In order to verify the accuracy of detection of lubricant deterioration by the lubricant deterioration detection device 2, grease is collected from the rolling bearing 1 every predetermined time, and the grease is detected by the total acid value test method shown in “ASTM D3242”. The total acid value was measured. Further, the “specific total acid value” was calculated by setting the total acid value of the new grease to “1”. The “specific total acid value” increases with the deterioration of the lubricant.
[0022]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of this rotation test, and shows the relationship between the rotation time, the specific resistance value, and the specific total acid value. As can be seen from this graph, it is a value that directly indicates the degree of deterioration of the lubricant, that is, a “specific total acid value” proportional to the degree of deterioration, and a value that indirectly indicates the degree of deterioration of the lubricant (in the rolling bearing 1). The “specific resistance value” that is inversely proportional to the degree of deterioration is substantially in an inversely proportional relationship.
Therefore, according to the lubricant deterioration detection device 2, the deterioration state can be detected without sampling the lubricant in the rolling bearing 1 by always detecting the hydrocarbons present in the rolling bearing 1. it can.
[Second Embodiment]
A rolling bearing having a lubricant deterioration detecting device having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment except that a moisture sensor was used instead of the gas sensor 21c of FIG. 2 was manufactured. As the moisture sensor, an electrical resistance humidity sensor made of ceramics was used.
[0023]
An electrical signal indicating a resistance value from the humidity sensor (moisture sensor) 21 c is input to the arithmetic unit of the apparatus main body 22 via the wiring 23. The apparatus main body 22 is configured to calculate the relative humidity in the rolling bearing 1 from the input electrical signal at the calculation unit and display the deterioration state of the lubricating oil in the rolling bearing 1 based on the relative humidity. ing. The rolling bearing 1 shown in FIG. 1 has dimensions of inner diameter: 50 mm, outer diameter: 110 mm, width: 27 mm, inner ring rotation, grease lubrication, rotation speed: 300 rpm, bearing outer ring temperature: 70 ° C., radial load 98 N ( After intermittent rotation for 20 hours under the condition of 10 kgf), intermittent operation was repeated in which the rotation was stopped for 4 hours. As the grease, the same grease as in the first embodiment was used. Simultaneously with the start of rotation, the lubricant deterioration detection device 2 was operated, and the humidity in the rolling bearing 1 was measured every predetermined time, thereby detecting the deterioration state of the lubricant in the rolling bearing 1 every predetermined time.
[0024]
That is, one hour after each rotation stop during intermittent operation, the resistance value by the humidity sensor 21c of the lubricant deterioration detection device 2 is measured, and the relative humidity at the initial stage of rotation (30 minutes after the start of rotation) is “1”. The “specific relative humidity” was calculated.
In order to verify the accuracy of detection of lubricant deterioration by the lubricant deterioration detection device 2, grease is sampled from the rolling bearing 1 every predetermined time and included in the grease by the Karl Fischer method described in “JIS K 2275”. The amount of water was measured. In addition, the “specific water content” was calculated by setting the water content in the new grease to “1”.
[0025]
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of the rotation test, showing the relationship between the rotation time, the specific relative humidity, and the specific water content. As can be seen from this graph, the “specific moisture”, which directly measures the amount of water contained in the lubricant, and the “relative relative humidity”, which indirectly measures the amount of moisture contained in the lubricant, are almost proportional. It is in.
Therefore, according to this lubricant deterioration detection device 2, by constantly detecting the relative humidity in the rolling bearing 1, it is possible to detect the deterioration state without collecting the lubricant in the rolling bearing 1.
[Third Embodiment]
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0026]
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a bearing device provided with a circulating jet lubrication mechanism. In this bearing device, a rotating shaft 3 including a main shaft 31 and a sleeve 32 that rotates integrally with the main shaft 31 is rotatably supported by four rolling bearings 51 to 54 with respect to the housing 4. In the housing 4, oil supply ports 41 and 42 and oil supply passages 41 a and 42 a for supplying lubricating oil to the respective rolling bearings 51 to 54, and lubricating oil passing through the respective rolling bearings 51 to 54 are discharged. Oil drain ports 43 and 44 and oil drain passages 43a and 44a are provided. The housing 4 is further provided with other oil drain ports 45 and 46 and an oil pocket 46a.
[0027]
The oil supply ports 41, 42 are connected to the lubricating oil reservoir 6 by a pipe 71. The oil discharge ports 43 to 46 are connected to the lubricating oil reservoir 6 through pipes 73 to 76, respectively. A distributor 77 is provided between the pipe 71 and the fuel filler ports 41 and 42. Further, the pipe 71 is provided with a branch pipe 78 for returning the lubricating oil to the reservoir 6 in accordance with the operation of the flow rate adjusting valves 78a and 78b.
The lubricating oil in the reservoir 6 is pumped up by the pump and travels from the pipe 71 to the oil supply ports 41 and 42 via the distributor 77. Further, the oil is supplied to the four rolling bearings 51 to 54 through the oil supply passages 41 a and 42 a of the housing 4, and goes from the oil discharge ports 43 and 44 to the reservoir 6 through the oil discharge passages 43 a and 44 a.
[0028]
In this bearing device, a lubricant deterioration detecting device 8 is installed slightly upstream from the distributor 77 of the piping 71 for supplying lubricating oil. This lubricant deterioration detection device 8 includes a detection unit 81, a device main body 82, and a wiring 83 connecting them, and measures the absorbance caused by a carbonyl group of 1710 cm −1 , and based on this absorbance, pipe 71 It is comprised so that the deterioration state of the inside lubricating oil may be displayed.
As shown in FIG. 6, a small-diameter pipe 71 a having a diameter smaller than that of the pipe 71 is connected to the pipe 71, and the detection unit 81 is disposed at the position of the small-diameter pipe 71. The detection unit 81 includes an infrared emitter 81a and a detector 81b that constitute an infrared spectrophotometer, and a sample cell unit 81c. The sample cell portion 81c is composed of two KBr crystal plates and is fixed in an arrangement facing the small diameter pipe 71 in parallel. The interval between the two KBr crystal plates was 2 mm. The infrared light emitter 81a and the detector 81b are arranged at positions facing each other with the two KBr crystal plates (sample cell portions) 81c interposed therebetween.
[0029]
As the rolling bearings 51 to 54 in FIG. 5, the inner ring, the outer ring, and the rolling element are made of SUJ2, and the dimensions are inner diameter: 65 mm, outer diameter: 100 mm, width: 18 mm. Continuous operation was performed under the conditions of a dmn value (mm · rpm) of 600,000 and a bearing temperature of 120 ° C. In addition, the running-in operation was performed for 10 hours before the continuous operation. As the lubricating oil, gas turbine oil conforming to “MIL-L-23699” of the US Air Force standard was used.
[0030]
Simultaneously with the start of rotation of the continuous operation, the lubricant deterioration detecting device 8 was operated, and the absorbance at 1710 cm −1 of the lubricating oil present in the pipe 71a was measured every predetermined time. That is, the deterioration state of the lubricant present in the pipe 71a was detected every predetermined time by measuring the amount of the compound containing a ketone group that is generated with the deterioration of the lubricating oil. Then, from each measured absorbance, a “specific infrared absorbance” with the absorbance at the start of continuous operation rotation as “1” was calculated.
[0031]
In order to verify the accuracy of detection of lubricant deterioration by the lubricant deterioration detection device 8, the lubricant oil is sampled from the reservoir 6, and the total acid value of the lubricant oil is determined by the total acid value test method shown in "ASTM D3242." It was measured. Further, the “specific total acid value” was calculated by setting the total acid value of the new lubricating oil to “1”.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of this rotation test, and shows the relationship between the rotation time, the specific infrared absorbance, and the specific total acid value. As can be seen from this graph, it is a value that directly indicates the degree of deterioration of the lubricant, which is proportional to the degree of deterioration, and a value that indirectly indicates the degree of deterioration of the lubricant (containing a ketone group). The amount of the compound), which is proportional to the degree of deterioration, has a substantially proportional relationship.
[0032]
Therefore, according to this lubricant deterioration detecting device 8, by always detecting the amount of the compound containing the ketone group present in the lubricating oil supply pipe 71, without collecting the lubricant supplied to the bearing device, The deterioration state can be detected.
[Fourth Embodiment]
A shock sensor (foreign matter sensor) using piezoelectric ceramics was used as the detection unit 81 constituting the lubricant deterioration detection device 8 of the bearing device shown in FIG. The shock sensor is a sensor that detects a sudden change in voltage caused by an impact. As shown in FIG. 8, the shock sensor 81 is attached so as to be inclined with respect to the direction in which the lubricating oil flows in the pipe 71 and the entire detection surface is disposed in the pipe 71. Thereby, since the lubricating oil in the pipe 71 flows while contacting the shock sensor 81, the shock sensor 81 detects foreign matter present in the lubricating oil.
[0033]
Except this, it was set as the same structure as 3rd Embodiment, and the bearing apparatus of FIG. 5 was rotated by the same method. Simultaneously with the start of rotation, the lubricant deterioration detection device 8 was operated, and the shock sensor 81 detected foreign matter present in the lubricating oil in the pipe 71. Here, the number of foreign matters detected by the shock sensor 81 in one minute is detected as the “foreign matter count number”. Further, the “specific foreign matter count number” was calculated by setting the “foreign matter count number” at the start of continuous operation rotation to “1”.
[0034]
In order to verify the accuracy of detection of lubricant deterioration by the lubricant deterioration detection device 8, the lubricant oil is sampled from the reservoir 6 every predetermined time, and the amount of iron powder contained in the lubricant oil is measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. did. From each of the measured wear amounts, a “specific wear amount” was calculated by setting the wear amount at the start of continuous operation rotation to “1”.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of this rotation test, showing the relationship between the rotation time, the specific foreign matter count, and the specific wear amount. As can be seen from this graph, the `` specific wear amount '' that directly measured the amount of foreign matter contained in the lubricating oil and the `` specific foreign matter count number '' that indirectly measured the amount of foreign matter contained in the lubricating oil were approximately Proportional relationship.
[0035]
Therefore, according to this lubricant deterioration detection device 8, the lubricant supplied to the bearing device is collected by constantly detecting the foreign matter contained in the lubricant present in the lubricant supply pipe 71 by the shock sensor 81. The deterioration state can be detected without any problem.
[Fifth Embodiment]
A taste sensor using an artificial lipid polymer film was used as the detection unit 81 constituting the lubricant deterioration detection device 8 of the bearing device shown in FIG. By this taste sensor, the amount of sour components (hydrogen ion concentration) that increases due to deterioration of the lubricant can be detected as the value of the membrane potential.
[0036]
As shown in FIG. 10, this taste sensor 81 is attached to an opening 71 b provided in the pipe 71 so that the detection surface is outside the inner surface of the pipe 71. The opening 71b is provided in a tapered shape whose size decreases from the outside to the inside of the pipe 71. As a result, the lubricating oil in the pipe 71 temporarily accumulates in the opening 71b, so that the membrane potential is reliably measured.
Except this, it was set as the same structure as 3rd Embodiment, and the bearing apparatus of FIG. 5 was rotated by the same method. Simultaneously with the start of rotation, the lubricant deterioration detection device 8 was operated, and the membrane potential value by the taste sensor 81 was measured. That is, the deterioration state of the lubricant present in the pipe 71a was detected every predetermined time by measuring the hydrogen ion concentration caused by the sour component produced with the deterioration of the lubricating oil. Then, from the measured membrane potential, a “specific membrane potential” was calculated by setting the membrane potential at the start of rotation to “1”.
[0037]
In order to verify the accuracy of detection of lubricant deterioration by the lubricant deterioration detection device 8, the lubricant oil is sampled from the reservoir 6, and the total acid value of the lubricant oil is determined by the total acid value test method shown in "ASTM D3242." It was measured. Further, the “specific total acid value” was calculated by setting the total acid value of the new lubricating oil to “1”.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the results of this rotation test, showing the relationship between the rotation time, specific membrane potential, and specific total acid value. As can be seen from this graph, it is a value that directly indicates the degree of deterioration of the lubricant, that is, a “specific total acid number” that is proportional to the degree of deterioration, and a value that indirectly indicates the degree of deterioration of the lubricant (hydrogen ion concentration). Thus, the “specific membrane potential” proportional to the degree of deterioration has a substantially proportional relationship.
[0038]
Therefore, according to the lubricant deterioration detecting device 8, by always detecting the hydrogen ion concentration contained in the lubricating oil present in the lubricating oil supply pipe 71, the lubricant supplied to the bearing device is not collected. The deterioration state can be detected.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, since the deterioration state of the lubricant in the machine such as the rolling device can be detected at all times, it is possible to prevent the rolling device and the like from occurring abnormally. Become.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a rolling bearing provided with a lubricant deterioration detection device corresponding to the first and second embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (partially enlarged view of a shield plate) showing a detection unit of a lubricant deterioration detection device corresponding to the first and second embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a rotation test result of the first embodiment, showing a relationship between a rotation time, a specific resistance value by a gas sensor, and a specific acid value directly measured.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a rotation test result of the second embodiment, showing a relationship between a rotation time, a specific relative humidity measured by a humidity sensor, and a specific water content directly measured.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a bearing device provided with a lubricant deterioration detection device corresponding to third to fifth embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a detection unit of a lubricant deterioration detection device corresponding to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing a rotation test result of the third embodiment, showing a relationship between a rotation time, a specific infrared absorption by an infrared spectrophotometer, and a specific total acid value measured directly.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a detection unit of a lubricant deterioration detection device corresponding to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the rotation test results of the fourth embodiment, showing the relationship between the rotation time, the number of specific foreign objects counted by the shock sensor, and the specific wear amount measured directly.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a detection unit of a lubricant deterioration detection device corresponding to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the rotation test results of the fifth embodiment, showing the relationship between the rotation time, the specific membrane potential by the taste sensor, and the specific acid value directly measured.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Rolling bearing (rolling device)
11 Inner ring (inner member)
12 Outer ring (outer member)
13 balls (rolling elements)
14 Cage 15 Shield Plate 15a Disc 15b Opening 2 Lubricant Degradation Detection Device 21 Detection Unit 22 Device Main Body 23 Wiring 21a Tubing 21b Ceramic Filter 21c Gas Sensor, Humidity Sensor (Moisture Sensor)
3 Rotating shaft 31 Main shaft 32 Sleeve 4 Housing 41, 42 Oil supply port 41a, 42a Oil supply passage 43, 44 Oil discharge port 43a, 44a Oil discharge passage 45, 46 Oil discharge port 46a Oil pocket 51-54 Rolling bearing 6 Reservoir 71 Piping 71a Small-diameter pipe 71b Pipe openings 73 to 76 Pipe 77 Distributors 78a and 78b Flow rate adjusting valve 78 Branch pipe 8 Lubricant deterioration detector 81 Detector 81a Infrared light emitter 81b Detector 81c Sample cell composed of two KBr crystal plates Part 82 Device body 83 Wiring

Claims (2)

シールド板を有し、潤滑剤によって潤滑されている転がり軸受において、
軸受内に存在する炭化水素、硫化水素、およびアンモニアの少なくともいずれかの気体を検出するガスセンサを備えた潤滑剤劣化検出装置を備え、
シールド板の円板部に開口部を設け、この開口部にセラミックスフィルタを介して、前記ガスセンサを設けたことを特徴とする転がり軸受
In a rolling bearing having a shield plate and being lubricated by a lubricant,
Hydrocarbons present in the bearing, with the Jun lubricant deterioration detecting device provided with a gas sensor for detecting at least one of gaseous hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia,
A rolling bearing, wherein an opening is provided in a disk portion of the shield plate, and the gas sensor is provided in the opening via a ceramic filter .
シールド板を有し、潤滑剤によって潤滑されている転がり軸受において、
軸受内に存在する潤滑剤に含まれている水分を検出する水分センサを備えた潤滑剤劣化検出装置を備え、
シールド板の円板部に開口部を設け、この開口部にセラミックスフィルタを介して、前記水分センサを設けたことを特徴とする転がり軸受
In a rolling bearing having a shield plate and being lubricated by a lubricant,
Comprising a Jun lubricant deterioration detecting device including a moisture sensor for detecting the moisture contained in the lubricant present in the bearing,
A rolling bearing characterized in that an opening is provided in a disk portion of the shield plate, and the moisture sensor is provided in the opening via a ceramic filter .
JP2001365254A 2001-11-29 2001-11-29 Rolling bearing Expired - Fee Related JP4029604B2 (en)

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