JP4053766B2 - Carbon monoxide generator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a carbon monoxide generating furnace in which coke is supplied so as to be deposited on the bottom surface in the center of the furnace, and oxygen is supplied into the furnace from an oxygen blowing nozzle provided on the bottom surface to burn the coke.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the conventional one known as the carbon monoxide generating furnace, three oxygen blowing nozzles are provided at equal intervals on the circumference set at the center of the bottom surface. An injection port is opened on the upper surface of the oxygen blowing nozzle, and the upper surface is exposed in the furnace.
[0003]
When coke supplied to the carbon monoxide generating furnace is burned by blowing oxygen from the three oxygen blowing nozzles, carbon dioxide is generated in the lower part of the furnace to form an oxidation zone.
[0004]
In the upper part of the furnace, the oxygen concentration is lowered, the carbon dioxide is reduced, carbon monoxide is generated, and a reduction zone is formed.
[0005]
In the oxidation zone, the furnace wall may be melted and burned by the heat generated by coke combustion. In order to prevent burning of the furnace wall, the side surface of the carbon monoxide generating furnace is surrounded by a water jacket from the outside, and cooling water is supplied to the water jacket to cool the furnace wall.
[0006]
Combustion is suppressed in the vicinity of the furnace wall by the cooling water. Therefore, if coke concentrates in the vicinity of the furnace wall, the combustion efficiency decreases.
[0007]
Therefore, by supplying coke so as to be deposited at the center of the bottom surface, combustion is most active in the central portion in the oxidation zone.
[0008]
By the way, the coke is stored in a hopper installed at the top of the carbon monoxide generator. The outlet of the hopper is connected to a coke supply port provided in the upper part of the carbon monoxide generator. A slidable partition plate is attached to the connecting portion, and the coke is supplied into the furnace by free fall by sliding the partition plate in the direction in which the coke supply port opens.
[0009]
In the above-described conventional carbon monoxide generating furnace, in order to deposit coke at the center of the bottom surface, the angle of the coke supply port is adjusted so that the coke falls almost to the center in the furnace. Therefore, the coke supplied into the furnace from the coke supply port accumulates in a mountain shape on the bottom surface with the vicinity of the center in the furnace as the apex.
[0010]
However, when coke is supplied as described above, the amount of coke supplied in the center of the furnace is greater than that in the vicinity of the furnace, so that the amount of oxygen supplied is insufficient in the center of the oxidation zone and combustion is insufficient. There is a fear.
[0011]
Therefore, conventionally, in order to prevent a shortage of oxygen supply at the center of the furnace, the amount of oxygen supplied from each of the three oxygen blowing nozzles has been increased.
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional carbon monoxide generating furnace, when the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen blowing nozzle is increased, the amount of oxygen supplied to the entire oxidation zone increases, but from the position where the three oxygen blowing nozzles are installed, Since a larger amount of oxygen than the surroundings cannot be supplied at the center in the furnace where the supply of coke is concentrated, there is a disadvantage that uneven combustion occurs.
[0013]
In addition, supplying a larger amount of oxygen every time non-uniform combustion occurs places an excessive burden on the oxygen blowing nozzle, which may shorten the life of the oxygen blowing nozzle.
[0014]
Further, when a large amount of oxygen is supplied from the oxygen blowing nozzle, the combustion of coke is activated near the nozzle, and slug is likely to be generated earlier than the surroundings, so that the slug may block the oxygen blowing nozzle. When the oxygen blowing nozzle was blocked by the slug, the carbon monoxide generator was shut down to remove the slug even though there was still not enough coke left away from the nozzle. There must be. Therefore, in the carbon monoxide generating furnace in which the oxygen blowing nozzle is likely to be blocked by the slug, the operation of the carbon monoxide generating furnace must be stopped and the slug removal work must be frequently performed, so that the operation efficiency is lowered. there were.
[0015]
Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention makes it possible to increase the supply amount of oxygen from the center in the furnace where most coke is supplied, without placing an excessive burden on the oxygen blowing nozzle, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a carbon monoxide generating furnace in which uneven combustion of coke does not easily occur.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a carbon monoxide generating furnace according to the present invention supplies coke so as to be deposited in the center of the bottom surface, and supplies oxygen into the furnace from an oxygen blowing nozzle provided on the bottom surface. In the carbon monoxide generating furnace to be burned, one oxygen blowing nozzle is provided at the center of the bottom surface, and six oxygen blowing nozzles are provided at equal intervals on the circumference centering on the oxygen blowing nozzle. To do.
[0017]
According to this configuration, oxygen supplied from the six oxygen blowing nozzles is concentrated toward the center of the furnace, and oxygen is directly supplied also from the oxygen blowing nozzle provided at the center of the bottom surface. The supply of oxygen is greatest at the center of the furnace.
[0018]
By using six oxygen blowing nozzles provided at equal intervals on the circumference, all the oxygen blowing nozzles, including the oxygen blowing nozzles provided at the center of the bottom surface, are spaced apart from the adjacent oxygen blowing nozzles. Can be equidistant. Accordingly, the amount of oxygen supplied between adjacent oxygen blowing nozzles is almost the same.
[0019]
In addition, when the shape of the bottom surface is formed in a circle and the radius of the circle provided with the six oxygen blowing nozzles is about one half of the radius of the bottom surface, most of the coke supplied by free fall in the furnace Accumulates in a mountain shape inside the circle. Outside the circle, coke spreads out in the shape of a tail, so the amount of supply is very small. However, oxygen also diffuses radially from the six oxygen blowing nozzles toward the periphery of the bottom surface, so the amount of supply gradually decreases.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring to FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a substantially conical carbon monoxide generator main body. The upper part of the main body 1 is formed so that the inclination angle of the bus bar is gentler than that of the lower part. A coke supply port 11 is provided at the top of the main body 1.
[0021]
The inclination angle is determined such that when coke is supplied from the coke supply port 11, the coke is deposited in a mountain shape on the bottom surface 15 at the center inside the carbon monoxide generator. Therefore, most of the coke supply is concentrated in the center of the carbon monoxide generator, and the coke supply in the vicinity is very small.
[0022]
An outlet of the hopper 2 for storing coke is joined to the coke supply port 11. A slidable partition plate 21 is inserted into a joint portion between the outlet of the hopper 2 and the coke supply port 11 in order to adjust the coke supply to the furnace. When supplying coke from the hopper 2 into the furnace, the partition plate 21 is slid in a direction to open the outlet of the hopper 2. On the other hand, when a predetermined amount of coke is supplied into the furnace, the partition plate 21 can be slid in the direction of blocking the outlet of the hopper 2 to stop the supply of coke.
[0023]
In the upper part of the main body 1, a carbon monoxide delivery port 12 is opened at a position different from the coke supply port 11. A carbon monoxide delivery pipe 3 is connected to the carbon monoxide delivery port 12.
[0024]
In addition, when supplying coke from the coke supply port 11 into the furnace, the coke powder is scattered to the carbon monoxide delivery port 12 side, and the coke powder is mixed with the generated carbon monoxide. There is a case. Therefore, a scattering prevention plate 13 is attached to the coke supply port 11 at a position where the course of the coke powder scattering in the direction of the carbon monoxide delivery port 12 is blocked.
[0025]
The outer periphery of the side surface of the main body 1 is surrounded by a water jacket 4. An upper portion 42 of the water jacket 4 surrounding the upper portion of the main body 1 is formed in a funnel shape, and a jacket overflow port 43 is opened on a side surface of the upper portion 42. A drain pipe 44 is connected to the jacket overflow port 43.
[0026]
Cooling water is supplied to the water jacket 4 from a cooling water inlet pipe 45 provided at the lower portion of the water jacket 4. When the cooling water is continuously supplied from the cooling water inlet pipe 45, the cooling water gradually moves toward the upper part 42 while cooling the main body 1. When the cooling water reaches the jacket overflow port 43, it flows into the cooling water drain tank 5 through the drain pipe 44.
[0027]
By cooling the main body 1 with the above-described configuration, new cooling water is always supplied to the water jacket 4, so that even if coke burns and heat is generated, burning of the side surface of the main body 1 is prevented. The The movement of the cooling water for cooling the side surface of the main body 1 is indicated by a white arrow.
[0028]
At the lower part of the water jacket 4, a manhole 14 is opened through the water jacket 4 and the main body 1 at a position different from the cooling water inlet pipe 45. The slug accumulated in the furnace is removed by taking out the manhole 14 after extinguishing the carbon monoxide generating furnace and stopping the operation. The manhole 14 is closed by a lid 14a during the operation of the carbon monoxide generator.
[0029]
A water cup 6 to which cooling water is supplied is installed below the main body 1. The bottom surface 15 of the main body 1 heated by the combustion of coke is cooled by the cooling water of the water cup 6.
[0030]
An oxygen blowing nozzle 7 is provided on the bottom surface 15 of the main body 1 with the upper surface 71 exposed in the furnace. A jet port 72 is opened on the upper surface 71. A ventilation pipe 74 is connected to the injection port 72 through the head 73 of the oxygen blowing nozzle 7. An oxygen supply pipe 75 disposed between the main body 1 and the water cup 6 from the outside of the furnace is connected to the lower part of the ventilation pipe 74 to supply oxygen to the oxygen blowing nozzle 7.
[0031]
Oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply pipe 75 to the oxygen blowing nozzle 7 is blown into the main body 1 from the injection port 72, and an oxidation zone O is formed at the lower portion of the main body 1. When the coke supplied from the hopper 2 to the inside of the main body 1 is burned in the oxidation zone O, a carbon oxidation reaction occurs on the surface of the coke and carbon dioxide is generated.
[0032]
In the upper part of the main body 1, the amount of oxygen gradually decreases and a reduction zone D is formed. When the carbon dioxide reaches the reduction zone D, it becomes carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide generated in the reduction zone D is sent to a carbon monoxide purifier (not shown) connected to the delivery pipe 3 through the duct 31 and used for production of various compounds.
[0033]
The oxygen blowing nozzle 7 has a possibility that the injection port 72 is blocked by the accumulation of slug on the upper surface 71 and the supply of oxygen into the furnace is hindered. Therefore, in order to prevent clogging by the slug, the upper surface 71 of the oxygen blowing nozzle 7 is inclined downward from the injection port 72 toward the outer periphery so that the slug flows toward the outer periphery without staying in the vicinity of the injection port 72. In the present embodiment, the upper surface 71 is formed in a hemispherical shape with the injection port 72 as the uppermost portion, but may not be hemispherical if it is inclined downward from the injection port 72 toward the outer periphery.
[0034]
Further, the blocking of the oxygen blowing nozzle 7 by the slug is caused even when a relatively small slug enters the ventilation pipe 74 from the injection port 72. Therefore, a cleaning port 76 is provided at the lower end of the ventilation pipe 74. Since the cleaning port 76 is exposed to the outside from the bottom surface of the water cup 6, the slug that has entered the ventilation pipe 74 can be inserted into the furnace by inserting a nozzle stick or the like (not shown) from the cleaning port 76 without removing the water cup 6. It can be removed by pushing in. In addition, when not cleaning, the front-end | tip of the cleaning port 76 is block | closed with the cap 76a.
[0035]
Referring to FIG. 2, reference numeral 7 denotes an oxygen blowing nozzle provided at six equal intervals on the circumference of a circle 15 a set at the center of the bottom surface 15 and an oxygen blowing nozzle provided at the center of the bottom surface 15. It is.
[0036]
The oxygen supplied from the six oxygen blowing nozzles 7 into the carbon monoxide generator is concentrated toward the center of the bottom surface 15.
[0037]
Further, since oxygen is also supplied from the oxygen blowing nozzle 7 provided at the center of the circle 15a, the supply amount of oxygen at the center in the furnace is directed from the six oxygen blowing nozzles 7 toward the center of the bottom surface 15. The total amount of oxygen supplied in a concentrated manner and oxygen supplied directly from the oxygen blowing nozzle 7 provided at the center of the bottom surface 15 is obtained.
[0038]
Therefore, the amount of oxygen supplied is maximized at the center in the furnace without increasing the amount of oxygen supplied from each oxygen blowing nozzle 7. Since coke accumulates in a mountain shape with the apex near the center of the furnace, the place where the most coke is supplied and the place where the most oxygen is supplied are almost the same.
[0039]
Inside the circle 15a, if the distance between the two adjacent oxygen blowing nozzles 7 is too large, the amount of oxygen supply decreases, or conversely the distance is too close to increase, causing uneven combustion. It becomes.
[0040]
By using six oxygen blowing nozzles 7 provided at equal intervals on the circle 15a, all the distances between adjacent oxygen blowing nozzles 7 including the oxygen blowing nozzle 7 provided at the center of the circle 15a can be obtained. Can be equidistant. As a result, inside the circle 15a, the amount of oxygen supplied between two adjacent oxygen blowing nozzles 7 is almost the same everywhere.
[0041]
Therefore, even if the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen blowing nozzle 7 is not increased, the largest amount of oxygen can be supplied at the center of the furnace, and any two adjacent oxygen blowing nozzles inside the circle 15a. Since the oxygen supply amount can be made substantially uniform during the period 7, the coke combustion unevenness can be prevented without imposing an excessive burden on the oxygen blowing nozzle 7.
[0042]
By the way, the coke supplied into the furnace accumulates in a mountain shape in the center of the furnace, but spreads in a skirt shape from the periphery of the coke accumulated in the mountain shape to the periphery of the bottom surface 15. Therefore, the amount of coke supplied at the base spreads out is extremely smaller than that at the base accumulated in the mountain.
[0043]
On the other hand, inside the circle 15a, as described above, the amount of oxygen supplied is the largest near the center of the furnace, and the amount of oxygen supplied between the adjacent oxygen blowing nozzles 7 is almost uniform. Outside, the oxygen supplied from the six oxygen blowing nozzles 7 diffuses radially toward the periphery of the bottom surface 15, and the supply amount of oxygen gradually decreases.
[0044]
Therefore, outside the circle 15a, the amount of oxygen supplied relative to the amount of coke supplied is sufficient, and the problem of uneven combustion is relatively unlikely to occur.
[0045]
However, depending on the size of the circle 15a, there are cases where the coke accumulated in the mountain shape extends to the outside of the circle 15a, or the coke spreads from the inside of the circle 15a in a skirt shape. In this case, since there is a portion where the supply amount of coke and the supply amount of oxygen do not correspond to each other, there is a possibility that uneven combustion occurs.
[0046]
If the shape of the bottom surface 15 is circular and the radius of the circle 15a provided with the six oxygen blowing nozzles 7 is about one half of the radius of the bottom surface 15, the coke deposited in the chevron is almost inside the circle 15a. The coke that is supplied and spreads in a skirt shape is supplied to the outside of the circle 15a. Therefore, the coke supply amount and the oxygen supply amount correspond to both the inside and the outside of the circle 15a, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of uneven combustion throughout the furnace.
[0047]
Since the bottom surface 15 is circular, the distance from the circle 15a to the periphery of the bottom surface 15 is the same distance from any of the six oxygen blowing nozzles 7. Therefore, the amount of oxygen diffused radially toward the periphery of the bottom surface 15 outside the circle 15a is almost the same from any of the six oxygen blowing nozzles 7.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, the present invention adjusts the position and number of the oxygen blowing nozzles, so that the amount of oxygen supplied is the largest in the vicinity of the center in the furnace where the most coke is supplied, In the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the bottom surface, the amount of coke supplied gradually decreases, so that the amount of oxygen supplied gradually decreases.
[0049]
In addition, coke can be efficiently burned without increasing the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen blowing nozzle, so that an excessive burden is not placed on the oxygen blowing nozzle and the life of the oxygen blowing nozzle is extended. It has become possible to do more than before.
[0050]
As coke can be burned efficiently without increasing the amount of oxygen injected from the oxygen blowing nozzle, the slug removal nozzle is less likely to be blocked by slug than before. And the operating efficiency of the carbon monoxide generator improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a carbon monoxide generating furnace. FIG. 2 is a top view of the bottom surface of the carbon monoxide generating furnace.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body 15 Bottom face 2 Hopper 3 Carbon monoxide delivery pipe 4 Water jacket 5 Cooling water drainage tank 6 Water cup 7 Oxygen blowing nozzle 71 Upper surface 72 Injection port 73 Head 74 Ventilation tube 75 Oxygen supply tube 76 Cleaning port O Oxidation Zone D Reduction zone

Claims (2)

In a carbon monoxide generator in which coke is supplied into the furnace so that it accumulates in the center of the bottom, and oxygen is supplied into the furnace from an oxygen blowing nozzle provided on the bottom of the furnace. A carbon monoxide generating furnace characterized in that six oxygen blowing nozzles are provided at equal intervals on a circumference centering on the oxygen blowing nozzle. 2. The carbon monoxide generating furnace according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface is formed in a circular shape, and the radius of the circle provided with the six oxygen blowing nozzles is about one half of the radius of the bottom surface. .

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