Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
JP4058756B2 - Outdoor electrical equipment contacts - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

JP4058756B2 - Outdoor electrical equipment contacts - Google Patents

Outdoor electrical equipment contacts Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4058756B2
JP4058756B2 JP2002116999A JP2002116999A JP4058756B2 JP 4058756 B2 JP4058756 B2 JP 4058756B2 JP 2002116999 A JP2002116999 A JP 2002116999A JP 2002116999 A JP2002116999 A JP 2002116999A JP 4058756 B2 JP4058756 B2 JP 4058756B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
silver
contact
contacts
silver chloride
fixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2002116999A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2003317560A (en
Inventor
実 仙波
守克 水谷
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Takaoka Toko Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Takaoka Electric Mfg Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Takaoka Electric Mfg Co Ltd filed Critical Takaoka Electric Mfg Co Ltd
Priority to JP2002116999A priority Critical patent/JP4058756B2/en
Publication of JP2003317560A publication Critical patent/JP2003317560A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4058756B2 publication Critical patent/JP4058756B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Contacts (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は発電所あるいは変電所設備の一つとして使用される断路器等の屋外用電気機器におけるコンタクトに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般的に、発電所あるいは変電所設備の一つである断路器のコンタクトは、その固定電極、可動電極および機構部がともに屋外に露出しており、前記固定および可動電極の両コンタクトの接触面には、通電時の温度上昇による酸化およびこれに起因する接触抵抗の増大防止、また、安定した接触抵抗を保持出来るように、銀めっきあるいは銀が主成分の銀−グラファイトなどが施されている。この両コンタクトの銀接触面には、通常、摺動時の両コンタクトどうしのひっかき、摩耗軽減および断路器の動作上の操作力の軽減を図るために、潤滑油などを塗布している。
【0003】
ところが、両コンタクトの銀接触面は、前述のごとく屋外で使用されるため、常に暴露された状態にあり、大気中の各種腐食性ガスと接触して化学反応を起こし、短期間で塩化銀皮膜や硫化銀皮膜などの絶縁性皮膜を生成して黒変する。中でも塩化銀皮膜は接触抵抗の増大を招き、過熱現象や瞬間的な突入電流による急激な温度上昇による溶損現象などのトラブルを引き起こす。このため、定期的に点検が行われ、作業員が銀の素地が出るまでナイロンパッドやサンドペーパーなどでコンタクトを磨き、塩化銀皮膜等の除去が行われている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、これら従来の技術に対して、次のようなコンタクトの長期信頼性に対する課題、経済性および作業上の課題がある。
すなわち、塩化銀皮膜等の除去作業が手作業で行われるため、銀自身の必要以上の摩耗および銅素地の露出などによる品質低下や信頼性低下が起こり得る。また、通常、除去作業時間がコンタクトの一面当たり約30分要するので、作業に伴う人的経費が大きくなり、併せて、作業には停電を余儀なくされるため、電力各社の顧客安定供給使命の観点からも極力回避したい。
【0005】
そこで本発明は、かかる問題に鑑み、無保守、無点検を前提とし、塩化銀皮膜の生成を錯体化することができる錯体剤を塗布した断路器等の屋外用電気機器のコンタクトを提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、固定及び可動コンタクトの表面に、銀めっきあるいは銀に他成分を混入させた銀−グラファイトが施された屋外用電気機器のコンタクトにおいて、少なくとも前記固定コンタクトの表面に、塩化銀皮膜を錯体化させる錯体剤を塗布したものである。
また、前記錯体剤はその成分がチオ硫酸ナトリウムであることが好ましい。
さらに、前記チオ硫酸ナトリウムにさらにシアン化カリウムを加えることが好ましい。
また、前記チオ硫酸ナトリウムまたは前記チオ硫酸ナトリウム及びシアン化カリウムにさらにアンモニアを加えることが好ましい。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明の屋外用電気機器のコンタクトの実施の形態について、図1から図6に従って説明する。図1は固定及び可動コンタクトが開放した状態を示す水平二点切断路器の構造図で、図2は投入した状態における両コンタクトの要部を示す拡大図である。
水平二点切断路器は、ベース1の両端の上に支持碍子2,3が固定され、さらに、その上に断路器の固定電極として、「コの字」形をした固定コンタクト4,5がそれぞれ設けられている。その表面には銀めっき6,7が施され、さらにその上には錯体剤8,9が塗布されている。
【0008】
また、ベース1の中央には図示しない操作機構から回転力を伝達されて回転運動を促すスラストベアリング10が設けてあり、その上に回転碍子11が固定され、さらに、その上に捻回機構12と、可動電極として水平に支持された可動導体13とが設けられている。また、可動導体13は両端に可動コンタクト14,15を備え、その表面には銀めっき16,17が施されている。
【0009】
図3は固定コンタクト4,5の要部を示す断面図である。
図に示すように、銀めっき6,7の上には、錯体剤8,9が塗布されている。錯体剤8,9はチオ硫酸ナトリウム18と二硫化モリブデン19の粉末をベースワックス20に配合されて形成されている。
【0010】
錯体剤8,9の含有量は、例えばチオ硫酸ナトリウム18が1〜97wt%、二硫化モリブデン19が1〜50wt%、ベースワックス20が1〜50wt%とすればよく、チオ硫酸ナトリウム18が錯体成分である。
なお、二硫化モリブデン19とベースワックス20は、固定コンタクト4,5と可動コンタクト14,15のかじりを防止するための潤滑成分である。錯体剤8,9の製造方法は溶融させたベースワックス20に、チオ硫酸ナトリウム18と二硫化モリブデン19を配合・撹拌し、常温で冷却して成形する。
【0011】
上記断路器等の屋外用電気機器におけるコンタクトにおいては、実環境で両コンタクト4,5,14,15の銀接触面は、屋外で使用されるため常に暴露された状態にあり、大気中の塩素を含む腐食性ガスなどと接触して化学反応を起こし、難溶性の塩化銀の皮膜を生成する。
【0012】
図4に示すように、この塩化銀21(AgCl)にチオ硫酸ナトリウム18(Na)と雨水22が接触すると、塩化ナトリウム(NaCl)と銀(Ag)を含んだチオ硫酸ナトリウムの錯体(Na[Ag(S)])を生成する。この錯体は水溶性であるため雨水等により流れ去り、表面の銀(Ag)が露出する。即ち、錯体剤8,9が存在することにより、大気中の腐食性ガスによる塩化銀21の生成促進が抑えられ、常に清浄なコンタクト表面を得ることができ、かつ通電性能が良好となるため、接触抵抗の増加による温度上昇および溶損などのトラブルを回避できる。
【0013】
図5、図6は人工的に生成させた塩化銀皮膜に錯体剤8,9を塗布し、その効果を確認した試験の結果である。図5、図6の(a)は塗布前の外観観察および電子線マイクロアナライザによる元素分析、図5、図6の(b)は塗布後の外観観察および錯体化させた白い部分の元素分析である。
塗布前は銀と塩素が同定されているのに対し、塗布後の白い部分からは塩素が消失して銀のみが同定されている。これにより、塩化銀が銀に錯体化されたことが伺え、その錯体効果が認められる。また、このことから塩化銀が生成していない銀めっき6,7に塗布すれば、その錯体効果により塩化銀の生成が抑制されると想定される。
【0014】
なお、上記実施の形態では、錯体剤8,9としてチオ硫酸ナトリウム18のみを使用したが、そのほかにシアン化カリウムあるいはアンモニアを加えてもよい。シアン化カリウム(KCN)を加えた場合には、塩化銀21(AgCl)と雨水22の3者が反応してカリウムイオン(K)と塩素イオン(Cl)と銀(Ag)を含んだシアンの錯体[Ag(CN) を生成し、アンモニア(NH3)を加えた場合には、塩化銀21(AgCl)と雨水22の3者が反応して塩化銀を含むアンモニアの錯体[AgCl・NH]を生成し、錯体効果を一層発揮する。
【0015】
また、上記実施の形態では、固定コンタクト4,5の表面に施された銀めっき6,7上のみに錯体剤8,9を塗布したが、可動コンタクト14,15の銀めっき16,17上に錯体剤8,9を塗布してもよい。しかし、可動コンタクト14,15の固定コンタクト4,5に接触する部分は曲面であるので、錯体剤8,9を塗布し難らく、また、線接触となるので必ずしも錯体剤8,9を塗布する必要はなく、少なくとも固定コンタクト4,5に塗布すれば十分である。
【0016】
さらに上記実施の形態では、固定コンタクト4,5の表面に銀めっき6,7を施したが、銀めっき6,7の代わりに、銀に他成分を混入させた銀−グラファイトを施したものにも適用することができる。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の屋外用電気機器のコンタクトは、固定コンタクトの表面に、塩化銀皮膜を錯体化する錯体剤を塗布したので、錯体剤が存在することにより、大気中の腐食性ガスによる塩化銀皮膜の生成促進が抑えられ、常に清浄なコンタクト表面を得ることが出来る。このように、コンタクト表面を清浄にすることができ、無保守、無点検のため経済的な損失がなく、経済性や長期信頼性に富み、従来の問題点であったコンタクトの黒変、溶損、溶着などのトラブルを防止することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態の一例を示す断路器の開放状態の構造図である。
【図2】その固定電極のコンタクトの拡大図である。
【図3】その固定電極のコンタクトの断面図である。
【図4】本発明の効果を示すイメージ図である。
【図5】本発明の効果を示す外観観察写真である。
【図6】本発明の効果を示す元素分析結果である。
【符号の説明】
1 ベース
2,3 支持碍子
4,5 固定コンタクト
6,7,16,17 銀めっき
8,9 錯体剤
10 スラストベアリング
11 回転碍子
12 捻回機構
13 可動導体
14,15 可動コンタクト
18 チオ硫酸ナトリウム
19 二硫化モリブデン
20 ベースワックス
21 塩化銀
22 雨水
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a contact in an electrical apparatus for outdoor use such as a disconnector used as one of power plant or substation equipment.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a contact of a disconnector, which is one of power plant or substation equipment, has a fixed electrode, a movable electrode, and a mechanical part exposed to the outdoors, and contact surfaces of both the fixed and movable electrode contacts. In order to prevent oxidation due to temperature rise during energization and to prevent increase in contact resistance due to this, and to maintain stable contact resistance, silver plating or silver-graphite containing silver as a main component is applied. . Lubricating oil or the like is usually applied to the silver contact surfaces of the two contacts in order to reduce scratching between the two contacts during sliding, wear reduction, and reduction in operating force in operation of the disconnector.
[0003]
However, since the silver contact surfaces of both contacts are used outdoors as described above, they are always exposed and cause chemical reactions by contact with various corrosive gases in the atmosphere. Generates an insulating film such as silver sulfide film and turns black. Above all, the silver chloride film causes an increase in contact resistance and causes troubles such as an overheating phenomenon and a melting damage phenomenon due to a rapid temperature rise due to an instantaneous inrush current. For this reason, inspections are regularly conducted, and the contact is polished with a nylon pad or sandpaper until the worker comes out of the silver base, and the silver chloride film and the like are removed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, these conventional techniques have the following problems with respect to long-term reliability of contacts, economy, and work.
That is, since the removal work of the silver chloride film or the like is performed manually, quality deterioration and reliability deterioration due to unnecessarily wear of silver itself and exposure of the copper base material may occur. In addition, since the removal work usually takes about 30 minutes per contact, the human expenses associated with the work increase, and the work must be interrupted. I want to avoid as much as possible.
[0005]
Therefore, in view of such problems, the present invention provides a contact for an outdoor electric device such as a disconnector coated with a complexing agent capable of complexing the formation of a silver chloride film on the premise of no maintenance and no inspection. With the goal.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a contact of an outdoor electric device in which silver plating or silver-graphite mixed with other components is applied to the surface of the fixed and movable contacts, and at least the surface of the fixed contact is provided with a silver chloride film. A complexing agent to be complexed is applied.
Moreover, it is preferable that the component of the complex agent is sodium thiosulfate.
Further, it is preferable to add potassium cyanide to the sodium thiosulfate.
Moreover, it is preferable to add ammonia to the sodium thiosulfate or the sodium thiosulfate and potassium cyanide.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the following, an embodiment of a contact of an outdoor electric device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a horizontal two-point cutting path device in a state where fixed and movable contacts are opened, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a main part of both contacts in the inserted state.
In the horizontal two-point cutting path, support insulators 2 and 3 are fixed on both ends of the base 1, and further, fixed contacts 4 and 5 having a “U” shape are formed thereon as fixed electrodes of the disconnecting switch. Each is provided. Silver plating 6 and 7 is applied to the surface, and complex agents 8 and 9 are further applied thereon.
[0008]
A thrust bearing 10 is provided in the center of the base 1 to transmit a rotational force from an operating mechanism (not shown) to promote a rotational movement. A rotating lever 11 is fixed on the thrust bearing 10, and a twisting mechanism 12 is further provided thereon. And a movable conductor 13 supported horizontally as a movable electrode. The movable conductor 13 includes movable contacts 14 and 15 at both ends, and silver plating 16 and 17 are applied to the surface thereof.
[0009]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the fixed contacts 4 and 5.
As shown in the figure, complex agents 8 and 9 are applied on the silver platings 6 and 7. The complexing agents 8 and 9 are formed by blending a powder of sodium thiosulfate 18 and molybdenum disulfide 19 with a base wax 20.
[0010]
The content of the complexing agents 8 and 9 may be, for example, 1 to 97 wt% for sodium thiosulfate 18, 1 to 50 wt% for molybdenum disulfide 19, and 1 to 50 wt% for base wax 20. It is an ingredient.
The molybdenum disulfide 19 and the base wax 20 are lubricating components for preventing the fixed contacts 4 and 5 and the movable contacts 14 and 15 from galling. In the production method of the complexing agents 8 and 9, sodium thiosulfate 18 and molybdenum disulfide 19 are blended and stirred in the melted base wax 20 and then cooled and molded at room temperature.
[0011]
In contacts in outdoor electrical equipment such as the above disconnector, the silver contact surfaces of both contacts 4, 5, 14, and 15 are always exposed because they are used outdoors in the real environment, and chlorine in the atmosphere. A chemical reaction is caused by contact with a corrosive gas containing oxygen to form a hardly soluble silver chloride film.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 4, when sodium thiosulfate 18 (Na 2 S 2 O 3 ) and rainwater 22 come into contact with silver chloride 21 (AgCl), sodium thiosulfate containing sodium chloride (NaCl) and silver (Ag) Of the complex (Na 3 [Ag (S 2 O 3 ) 2 ]). Since this complex is water-soluble, it is washed away by rainwater or the like, and the surface silver (Ag) is exposed. That is, the presence of the complexing agents 8 and 9 suppresses the promotion of silver chloride 21 generation by corrosive gas in the atmosphere, and a clean contact surface can always be obtained and the current-carrying performance is good. Troubles such as temperature rise and melting damage due to increased contact resistance can be avoided.
[0013]
FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show the results of tests in which the complexing agents 8 and 9 were applied to an artificially produced silver chloride film and the effects were confirmed. FIGS. 5 and 6 (a) are appearance observations before application and elemental analysis by an electron microanalyzer, and FIGS. 5 and 6 (b) are appearance observations after application and elemental analysis of a complexed white part. is there.
While silver and chlorine are identified before coating, chlorine disappears from the white part after coating, and only silver is identified. This indicates that silver chloride is complexed with silver, and the complex effect is recognized. Moreover, if it applies to the silver plating 6 and 7 in which silver chloride is not produced | generated from this, it is assumed that the production | generation of silver chloride is suppressed by the complex effect.
[0014]
In the above embodiment, only sodium thiosulfate 18 is used as the complexing agents 8 and 9, but potassium cyanide or ammonia may be added thereto. When potassium cyanide (KCN) is added, silver chloride 21 (AgCl) and rainwater 22 react to react with cyanide containing potassium ions (K + ), chloride ions (Cl ), and silver (Ag). When a complex [Ag (CN) 2 ] is formed and ammonia (NH 3) is added, the silver chloride 21 (AgCl) and rainwater 22 react to react with an ammonia complex containing silver chloride [AgCl · NH 3 ] is generated, and the complex effect is further exhibited.
[0015]
In the above embodiment, the complexing agents 8 and 9 are applied only on the silver platings 6 and 7 applied to the surfaces of the fixed contacts 4 and 5, but on the silver platings 16 and 17 of the movable contacts 14 and 15. Complexing agents 8 and 9 may be applied. However, since the portions of the movable contacts 14 and 15 that are in contact with the fixed contacts 4 and 5 are curved surfaces, it is difficult to apply the complexing agents 8 and 9, and since the contact is linear, the complexing agents 8 and 9 are not necessarily applied. It is not necessary, and it is sufficient to apply at least to the fixed contacts 4 and 5.
[0016]
Further, in the above embodiment, the silver platings 6 and 7 are applied to the surfaces of the fixed contacts 4 and 5, but instead of the silver platings 6 and 7, silver-graphite in which other components are mixed into silver is applied. Can also be applied.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, since the contact of the outdoor electrical equipment of the present invention is applied to the surface of the fixed contact with the complexing agent for complexing the silver chloride film, the presence of the complexing agent causes corrosiveness in the atmosphere. The generation promotion of the silver chloride film by gas is suppressed, and a clean contact surface can always be obtained. In this way, the contact surface can be cleaned, there is no economic loss because there is no maintenance and no inspection, it is rich in economic efficiency and long-term reliability, and the blackening and melting of the contacts that were the conventional problems are Troubles such as damage and welding can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an open state of a disconnector showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a contact of the fixed electrode.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a contact of the fixed electrode.
FIG. 4 is an image diagram showing an effect of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an appearance observation photograph showing the effect of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a result of elemental analysis showing the effect of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Base 2, 3 Support insulator 4, 5 Fixed contact 6, 7, 16, 17 Silver plating 8, 9 Complex agent 10 Thrust bearing 11 Rotary insulator 12 Twist mechanism 13 Movable conductors 14, 15 Movable contact 18 Sodium thiosulfate 19 2 Molybdenum sulfide 20 Base wax 21 Silver chloride 22 Rain water

Claims (1)

固定及び可動コンタクトの表面に、銀めっきあるいは銀に他成分を混入させた銀−グラファイトが施された屋外用電気機器のコンタクトにおいて、少なくとも前記固定コンタクトの表面に、チオ硫酸ナトリウム等の塩化銀皮膜を錯体化させる錯体剤を塗布し、雨による水によって錯体化され、水溶性となった塩化銀が流されて塩化銀が生成されない様にしたことを特徴とする屋外用電気機器のコンタクト。In the contact of an electric device for outdoor use in which silver plating or silver-graphite mixed with other components is applied to the surface of the fixed and movable contact, a silver chloride film such as sodium thiosulfate is provided on at least the surface of the fixed contact. A contact for outdoor electrical equipment, characterized by applying a complexing agent for complexing water and making it water-soluble silver chloride complexed by rain water so that silver chloride is not generated .
JP2002116999A 2002-04-19 2002-04-19 Outdoor electrical equipment contacts Expired - Fee Related JP4058756B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002116999A JP4058756B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2002-04-19 Outdoor electrical equipment contacts

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002116999A JP4058756B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2002-04-19 Outdoor electrical equipment contacts

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2003317560A JP2003317560A (en) 2003-11-07
JP4058756B2 true JP4058756B2 (en) 2008-03-12

Family

ID=29534342

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002116999A Expired - Fee Related JP4058756B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2002-04-19 Outdoor electrical equipment contacts

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4058756B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103904571B (en) * 2014-03-19 2015-12-16 国家电网公司 Isolating switch moving contact maintenance cover special is pulled
JP7116225B1 (en) * 2021-07-15 2022-08-09 株式会社東光高岳 Horizontal two-point disconnector
CN116947035A (en) * 2023-08-04 2023-10-27 宁波聚禾新材料科技有限公司 Graphite silver process for inserting electric pile connector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2003317560A (en) 2003-11-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4834022B2 (en) Silver coating material for movable contact parts and manufacturing method thereof
JP3299282B2 (en) Sliding contact material, clad composite material, and small DC motor using the same
JP4911254B2 (en) Wiring conductor and terminal connection
CN112805412B (en) Silver-graphene composite coating for sliding contactor and electroplating method thereof
CN101258268B (en) Aqueous antioxidant for tin and tin alloys
JP2007299722A (en) WIRING CONDUCTOR, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, TERMINAL CONNECTION UNIT AND Pb FREE SOLDER ALLOY
JP4058756B2 (en) Outdoor electrical equipment contacts
JP3914804B2 (en) Metallic graphite brush and method for producing the same
JP2004300524A (en) Copper or copper alloy member with Sn coating and method of manufacturing the same
CN101645573A (en) Silver-copper-nickel-rare earth composite material
CN111705287A (en) A method for metal surface treatment of electrical insulation equipment to prevent C4F7N corrosion
JP2670348B2 (en) Sn or Sn alloy coating material
JP2008133533A (en) Gold-silver alloy plating solution
JP2004190072A (en) Agent for removing silver chloride film formed on contacts of outdoor electrical equipment and contacts of outdoor electrical equipment coated with the same
JP2717063B2 (en) Sealing treatment method for gold plated material
JP3396877B2 (en) Movable contact device for circuit breakers
Leung et al. Thermal cycling induced wiping wear of connector contacts at 150/spl deg/C
JP7060514B2 (en) Conductive strip
JP2717062B2 (en) Sealing treatment method for gold plated material
US3302270A (en) Method of wear-resistant coating a commutator contact surface
Johnson Sliding monolithic brush systems for large currents
JP2023165154A (en) Plating material for terminal, terminal connection structure, and service plug using the same
JP7706784B2 (en) Highly corrosion-resistant copper alloy
CN117413333A (en) Metal-graphene coated electrical contacts
JP3268386B2 (en) Method of forming corrosion prevention film

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20041203

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20070822

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20070828

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20070925

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20071126

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20071209

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101228

Year of fee payment: 3

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees