JP4064837B2 - Housing construction method and housing - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a housing construction method and a housing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when building a building on the site where the existing building remains, the existing building is dismantled in the order of the ground frame and the underground frame, and the site is reclaimed, and a new building is built using the conventional building construction method. . Or, in order to rationalize the construction and effectively use the underground structure, the existing structure is partly dismantled and a new building is constructed by the conventional building construction method.
[0003]
In order to dismantle the underground structure, (1) there is a method of dismantling after constructing a new retaining wall around the existing structure in order to resist the soil water pressure that the underground structure to be dismantled has resisted. In addition, when the existing underground structure is built to fill the entire site, in order to secure a space for constructing a new retaining wall, (2) the existing underground structure that is an obstacle to construction is partially scraped from the ground. After building the retaining wall after clearing the ground, a method of dismantling the remaining existing structures is used.
[0004]
Furthermore, when using the underground structure to be demolished as effectively as possible and resisting soil pressure as it is, (3) dismantling the ground structure and preventing the concrete shell that is generated from lifting due to buoyancy. After filling the interior and building a water-impervious wall around the existing underground enclosure, the groundwater level is lowered by pumping to reduce buoyancy, and the concrete shell in the underground enclosure is carried out to construct a new underground enclosure Is used.
[0005]
When building an underground structure on a site that does not have an existing structure, build a retaining wall at a location that hits the outer wall of the underground structure, excavate the ground inside the retaining wall while pumping water, and then form a seal formed inside the retaining wall. There is a method in which a space is pressurized and a structure is constructed using a sealed space (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-6164
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the method (1), the construction cost increases because a new retaining wall is constructed. In the method (2), since the process becomes more complicated than the method (1), the construction cost becomes higher and the construction period becomes longer. The method of (3) is a method of constructing a new structure by disassembling an existing underground structure by constructing a new structure by resisting the existing underground structure to soil water pressure. ), The construction cost is higher and the construction period is longer, which does not lead to effective use of the existing frame.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the object of the present invention is to effectively utilize an existing underground structure remaining in the site and to construct a new structure economically in a short period of time. It is to provide a construction method and a housing.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A first invention for achieving the above-described object is a method of constructing a new chassis using an existing chassis, the step (a) of sealing and compressing a space in the existing underground chassis, and the existing underground A step (b) of dismantling the interior of the enclosure, a step (c) of constructing a new underground enclosure in the existing underground enclosure, and a step (d) of ending the pressure in the space in the existing underground enclosure It is the housing construction method characterized by this.
[0010]
In the step (a), the pressure balance floor of the existing underground enclosure is pressure-proof reinforced, and a predetermined portion in the existing underground enclosure is sealed and pressurized. The pressure and pressure are determined from the water pressure acting on the underground floor and the earth water pressure acting on the underground wall. A pressure adjustment space will be installed in the existing underground enclosure as needed. In the step (d), after confirming that the new underground frame can support the earth pressure acting on the underground wall, the pressurized air is finished.
[0011]
Between step (b) and step (d), in order to prevent the case from being lifted by buoyancy after dismantling of the existing case, a step (e) is further provided in which a ground anchor or a drawn pile is installed below the underground case. Also good. In this case, after the step (d), if necessary, a step (f) of dismantling the ground portion of the existing housing and constructing a new ground housing is performed.
[0012]
When the step (e) is not performed, the weight of the building is increased by using heavy concrete for the construction of a new frame as an alternative buoyancy countermeasure. Alternatively, in the step (f), considering the balance between buoyancy and building load, the dismantling of the existing ground frame and the construction of the new ground frame are performed in parallel.
[0013]
In 1st invention, when constructing | assembling a new housing using an existing housing, first, the space in an existing underground housing is sealed and pressurized, and the inside of the existing underground housing is disassembled. At this time, the pressure and pressure of the space in the existing underground enclosure resists the soil pressure acting on the underground outer wall and the underground floor. Also, the buoyancy acting on the existing underground frame is resisted by the weight of the existing frame including the existing ground frame. Next, a new underground structure is constructed in the existing underground structure secured by the dismantling of the structural members, and the pressure in the space in the existing underground structure is terminated.
[0014]
The second invention is a method for constructing a new frame using an existing frame, the step (a) of sealing and compressing the space in the existing underground frame, and forming a retaining wall below the existing underground frame Step (b), dismantling the bottom plate of the existing underground structure, excavating the interior of the retaining wall, constructing a new underground structure in the interior of the retaining wall (d), A method for constructing a housing, comprising: an existing underground housing and a step (e) of ending pressure in a space in the new underground housing.
[0015]
In the step (a), the pressure balance floor of the existing underground enclosure is pressure-proof reinforced, and a predetermined portion in the existing underground enclosure is sealed and pressurized. The pressure and pressure are determined from the water pressure acting on the underground floor and the earth water pressure acting on the underground wall. A pressure adjustment space will be installed in the existing underground enclosure as needed. In the step (e), after confirming that the underground frame can support the earth and water pressure acting on the underground wall, the pressurized air is finished.
[0016]
Between the step (a) and the step (b), a step (f) for dismantling the inside of the existing underground frame may be further provided. In this case, in the step (d), a new underground structure is constructed inside the existing underground structure. Between the step (d) and the step (e), a step (g) of installing a ground anchor or a drawn pile below the underground frame may be further provided in order to prevent the frame from being lifted by buoyancy. In this case, after the step (e), the step (h) of disassembling the ground portion of the existing housing and constructing a new ground housing is performed as necessary.
[0017]
When step (g) is not performed, as an alternative countermeasure for buoyancy, heavy concrete is used to construct a new frame to increase the building weight. Alternatively, in the step (h), considering the balance between buoyancy and building load, the dismantling of the existing ground frame and the construction of the new ground frame are performed in parallel.
[0018]
Step (b) and step (c) are performed by disassembling a part of the bottom plate of the existing underground structure. At this time, the pressure and pressure in the existing underground enclosure are changed, and in step (b), the groundwater level is set so that excavation in the retaining wall can be performed by dry work in step (c) so that the groundwater level does not become higher than the bottom plate. Control.
[0019]
The control method of the groundwater level in the step (c) and the step (d) differs depending on the presence or absence of a hardly permeable ground where movement of the groundwater is difficult. In the case where it is not within the range of the retaining wall created in the step (b), a method based on a change in pressure and pressure is effective. In the case where the hardly permeable ground exists between the tip of the retaining wall, a method of providing a well and pumping up groundwater in an area that affects excavation is effective.
[0020]
In 2nd invention, when building a new housing using an existing housing, the space in the existing underground housing is sealed and pressurized. At this time, the pressure and pressure of the space in the existing underground enclosure resists the soil pressure acting on the underground outer wall and the underground floor. Also, the buoyancy acting on the existing underground frame is resisted by the weight of the existing frame including the existing ground frame. Next, a retaining wall is created below the existing underground structure, the bottom of the existing underground structure is dismantled, and the interior of the retaining wall is excavated to construct a new underground structure. At this time, a mountain retaining wall is formed below the existing underground frame, and the groundwater level inside the mountain retaining wall is lowered to ensure dry conditions even deeper than the bottom of the existing underground frame. And the pressure of the space in the existing underground enclosure is terminated.
[0021]
A third invention is a chassis constructed using the chassis construction method of the first invention or the chassis construction method of the second invention.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an existing housing A. FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the frame A is composed of an underground frame 1 built in the ground 5 and an above-ground frame 3 built on the underground frame 1. The underground frame 1 is composed of a floor 13 which is the floor of the lowest floor, a floor 15 of the other underground floor, an underground inner wall 11, an underground outer wall 23, and the like. The groundwater level 7 is at a position higher than the bottom 13 of the underground frame 1.
[0023]
In order to construct a new structure using the existing underground structure 1, first, as shown in FIG. 1, the pressure balance floor of the existing underground structure 1 is set as the first floor, and the floor thickening reinforcement 9 is provided on the first floor 17. Apply pressure-proof reinforcement. As will be described later, since the pressure equivalent to the design buoyancy of the bottom board 13 acts upward on the first floor 17, the floor thickening reinforcement 9 is performed so as to resist this pressure. In FIG. 1, only the upper part of the first floor 17 is reinforced, but reinforcement may be performed at the upper and lower positions of the first floor 17.
[0024]
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an existing case A in which the pressure adjustment space 19 is installed. After the floor thickening reinforcement 9 is performed, a pressure adjustment space 19 that leads from the underground skeleton 1 to the ground skeleton 3 is secured using an elevator shaft or the like. The pressure adjustment space 19 includes, for example, a pressure adjustment space 19a for entering / exiting workers and a pressure adjustment space 19b for carrying in / out materials / materials / waste materials / excavated soil.
[0025]
After securing the pressure adjustment space 19, the existing underground space 6 in the underground enclosure 1 is sealed, and the existing underground space 6 is pressurized (pressured). The pressure and pressure in the existing underground space 6 is determined from the water pressure acting on the underground floor 13 and the soil water pressure acting on the underground outer wall 23. On the underground outer wall 23, a differential pressure between the pressure and pressure in the existing underground space 6 and the earth and water pressure applied to the underground outer wall acts outward from the underground frame 1.
[0026]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an existing case A in which a part of the underground case 1 is dismantled. In the pressurized existing underground space 6 shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 3, a part of the existing underground enclosure 23 is dismantled. The part of the existing underground skeleton 23 is all or a part of the underground inner wall 11, the floor 15, etc., excluding the bottom 13 and the underground outer wall 23 in contact with the ground 5. Even if the underground inner wall 11, the floor 15, etc. are disassembled, temporary support work is unnecessary because the pressure and pressure in the existing underground space 6 can resist the earth and water pressure acting on the underground outer wall 23.
[0027]
And the existing underground space 6a required for creation of the newly installed underground frame 26 (FIG. 4) is ensured. The air in the existing underground space 6a is pressurized with a pressure corresponding to the water pressure acting on the position of the base 13 in the basement, and thus, the first floor 17 which is a boundary floor between the ground and the basement is equivalent to the design buoyancy of the base 13. Pressure acts upward.
[0028]
Next, the ground anchor 21 is created in the bottom board 13 within the secured existing underground space 6a. The buoyancy acting on the position of the underground floor 13 is resisted by the weight of the existing chassis A, but the ground anchor 21 is for preventing the chassis A from being lifted by buoyancy when the ground chassis 3 is disassembled.
[0029]
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a case A in which a newly installed underground case 26 is created. After the ground anchor 21 is created as shown in FIG. 3, a new underground frame 26 is created in the existing underground space 6a. And it confirms that the new underground frame 26 can support the earth pressure which acts on the underground outer wall 23, and the pressure air of the existing underground space 6a is complete | finished. The new underground structure 26 includes an underground inner wall 25, a floor 27, and the like.
[0030]
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the housing A from which the pressure adjusting space 19 and the existing ground housing 3 are removed. After the pressure in the existing underground space 6a is finished, the temporary equipment such as the pressure adjustment space 19 is removed as shown in FIG. Then, the existing ground frame 3 is dismantled.
[0031]
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the chassis A in which a new ground chassis 29 is constructed. As shown in FIG. 6, in addition to the existing ground frame 3, the floor thickening reinforcement 9 of the first floor 17 is also dismantled, and a new ground frame 29 is constructed above the underground frame 1 to complete the frame A.
[0032]
Thus, in the first embodiment, a new underground structure 26 is constructed by disassembling a part of the existing underground structure 1 without disassembling the existing ground structure 3. Therefore, even when a large buoyancy is acting on the existing underground skeleton 1, the weight of the existing skeleton A can be used as it is for the buoyancy, and if necessary, just apply countermeasures such as the ground anchor 21 No special action is required.
[0033]
Further, since the earth and water pressure acting on the existing underground outer wall 23 can be resisted by the pressure and pressure in the existing underground space 6, the horizontal members such as the floor 15 and the beams, which were earth and water resistance members, are dismantled without temporary support work. it can. A large space is secured in the existing underground space 6a where the horizontal member is disassembled, and a new underground structure 26 can be easily constructed.
[0034]
Furthermore, since the underground outer wall 23 and the base 13 are reused without being dismantled, the existing underground enclosure 1 can be used effectively, and the amount of construction waste generated is reduced. And, compared with the conventional construction method, the construction period and cost can be greatly reduced.
[0035]
In the first embodiment, the underground part has been described using the two-layered housing A, but the number of underground floors is not limited to this. In FIG. 1, the floor thickening reinforcement 9 is performed on the first floor 17 which is a pressure balance floor, but pressure-resistant reinforcement may be performed by temporary girder reinforcement. In FIG. 2, the entire existing underground space 6 is a pressurized space, but only the space in a limited area on the outer periphery may be used as the pressurized space for the rising portion of the underground housing 1.
[0036]
Moreover, in FIG. 3, although the ground anchor 21 was created as a countermeasure for buoyancy, this is performed as necessary. Instead of creating the ground anchor 21, create a pull-out pile, increase the building weight using heavy concrete, dismantle the existing ground structure 3 and the new ground structure 29 in consideration of the balance between buoyancy and building load A method such as simultaneous construction may be used as a countermeasure for buoyancy.
[0037]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. In the method for constructing a new skeleton in the second embodiment, a part of the existing underground skeleton is disassembled in the same procedure as in the first embodiment. That is, the pressure balance floor of the underground housing 1 of the existing housing B shown in FIG. 1 is set as the first floor, and pressure-proof reinforcement such as the floor thickening reinforcement 9 is applied to the first floor 17, and as shown in FIG. After securing the pressure adjustment space 19 leading to the ground frame 3, the existing underground space 6 in the underground frame 1 is sealed, and the pressure determined from the water pressure acting on the underground bottom 13 and the earth water pressure acting on the underground outer wall 23 The existing underground space 6 is pressurized (pressured).
[0038]
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an existing frame B in which a part of the underground frame 1 is dismantled. In the pressurized existing underground space 6 shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 7, a part of the existing underground enclosure 23 is dismantled. A part of the underground skeleton 23 is the underground inner wall 11 and the floor 15 other than the bottom plate 13 and the underground outer wall 23 as in the first embodiment. During these dismantling, it is possible to resist the earth and water pressure acting on the underground outer wall 23 by the pressure and pressure in the existing underground space 6, so that temporary support work is unnecessary.
[0039]
And the existing underground space 6b required for creation of a new underground frame etc. is ensured. The air in the existing underground space 6b is pressurized by the pressure at the position of the bottom base 13 so that the pressure equivalent to the design buoyancy at the position of the bottom 13 is upward on the first floor 17 which is the boundary floor between the ground and the basement. Works.
[0040]
Next, a groove 31 is excavated at a position outside the planned position of the underground wall 41 (FIG. 9) of the new frame, and a new retaining wall 33 is created. In order to create the new retaining wall 33, as shown in FIG. 7, a part of the bottom base 13 of the existing underground skeleton 1 is dismantled. The air in the existing underground space 6b is increased.
[0041]
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the frame B in which the underground frame construction space 37 is secured. After the creation of the new retaining wall 33 is completed, as shown in FIG. 8, the part inside the new retaining wall 33 of the existing bottom board 13 is disassembled. Then, the inside of the new retaining wall 33 is excavated by dry work while controlling the pressure and pressure in the existing underground space 6b so that the groundwater level 34 inside the new retaining wall 33 is not shallower than the excavation surface 36, and the underground frame A construction space 37 is secured.
[0042]
The upper part of the new retaining wall 33, that is, the new retaining wall 32, which is a portion sandwiched between the new underground structure 39 (FIG. 9) and the existing underground structure 13, can join the new underground structure 39 and the existing underground structure 13. I have to.
[0043]
FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a frame B in which a new underground frame 39 is constructed. After excavating the inside of the new retaining wall 33, a new underground structure 39 is created in the underground structure building space 37. The new underground skeleton 39 includes a bottom board 45, an underground outer wall 41, and the like. A ground anchor 43 is formed on the bottom 45 of the new underground structure 39. The ground anchor 43 is for preventing the chassis B from being lifted by buoyancy when the ground chassis 3 is disassembled. In addition, a new underground structure 26 is created in the existing underground space 6 b of the existing underground structure 1.
[0044]
And it confirms that the new underground skeleton 39 and the underground skeleton 26 can support the earth pressure which acts on the underground outer wall 41 and the underground outer wall 23, respectively, and the pressure of the existing underground space 6b and the underground skeleton construction space 37 is complete | finished.
[0045]
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the chassis B in which the pressure control space 19 is removed and a new ground chassis 29 is constructed. After the pressure in the existing underground space 6b is finished, the temporary equipment such as the pressure adjustment space 19 is removed as shown in FIG. And the floor thickening reinforcement 9 of the existing ground frame 3 and the 1st floor 17 is disassembled, and a new ground frame 29 is constructed on the upper part of the underground frame 1 to complete the frame B.
[0046]
As described above, in the second embodiment, without dismantling the existing ground frame 3, a part of the existing underground frame 1 is disassembled, and a new retaining wall 33 is formed below the underground frame 1, A new underground structure 26 and underground structure 39 are constructed. Therefore, even if a large buoyancy is acting on the existing underground skeleton 1, the weight of the existing skeleton B can be used as it is for the buoyancy, and if necessary, just apply buoyancy countermeasures such as the ground anchor 43, No special action is required.
[0047]
In addition, since the soil water pressure acting on the existing underground outer wall 23 can be resisted by the pressure and pressure in the existing underground space 6, horizontal members such as floors and beams, which were soil water resistance members, can be disassembled without temporary support. . A large space is secured in the existing underground space 6b where the horizontal members are disassembled, and a new underground structure 26, a new retaining wall 33, an underground structure 39, and the like can be easily constructed.
[0048]
Furthermore, since a part of the underground outer wall 23 and the bottom base 13 is reused without being dismantled, the existing underground enclosure 1 can be used effectively, and the amount of construction waste generated is reduced. And, compared with the conventional construction method, the construction period and cost can be greatly reduced.
[0049]
In the second embodiment, since the internal air pressure of the existing underground space 6b is opposed to the underground water pressure, the new retaining wall 33 necessary for the construction of the new underground frame 39 planned deeper than the existing underground floor 13 is provided. Can be created using the existing dry underground space 6b.
[0050]
Moreover, even if the existing bottom plate 13 is disassembled by creating a new mountain retaining wall 33 below the existing bottom plate 13 and lowering the groundwater level 34 inside the new mountain retaining wall 33, a new underground frame is obtained by dry work. 39 can be created. At this time, since the groundwater level 34 is controlled by the pressure and pressure inside the underground building construction space 37, the scale of the new retaining wall 33 may be small.
[0051]
In addition, although 2nd Embodiment demonstrated the example in which the underground part forms the two-layered underground skeleton 39 under the two-layered skeleton B, the number of underground floors is not restricted to this. In FIG. 1, the floor thickening reinforcement 9 is performed on the first floor 17 which is a pressure balance floor, but pressure-resistant reinforcement may be performed by temporary girder reinforcement. In FIG. 2, the entire existing underground space 6 is a pressurized space, but only the space in a limited area on the outer periphery may be used as the pressurized space for the rising portion of the underground housing 1.
[0052]
Moreover, in FIG. 9, although the ground anchor 43 was created as a buoyancy countermeasure, this is performed as needed. Instead of installing the ground anchor 43, create a pull-out pile, increase the building weight using heavy concrete, dismantle the existing ground frame 3 and build a new ground frame 29 in consideration of the balance between buoyancy and building load It is good also as a buoyancy countermeasure.
[0053]
Further, in the description of FIGS. 7 and 8, the groundwater level 35 and the groundwater level 34 are controlled by increasing the pressure and pressure of the existing underground space 6 b and the underground frame construction space 37. The water level may be controlled by pumping up internal groundwater to ensure dry conditions in the excavation range.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a housing construction method and a housing that can effectively use an existing underground housing remaining in a site and can economically construct a new structure in a short period of time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a cross-sectional view of an existing case A. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an existing case A in which a pressure adjustment space 19 is installed. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an existing case A in which a part of an underground case 1 is dismantled. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the case A in which the newly installed underground case 26 is formed. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the case A in which the pressure adjusting space 19 and the existing ground case 3 are removed. Cross-sectional view of skeleton A [Fig. 7] Cross-sectional view of existing skeleton B with part of underground skeleton 1 disassembled [Fig. 8] Cross-sectional view of skeleton B in which underground skeleton construction space 37 is secured [Fig. 9] New underground Cross-sectional view of the chassis B constructed of the chassis 39 [FIG. 10] Cross-sectional view of the chassis B constructed by removing the pressure adjusting space 19 and constructing the new ground chassis 29 [Explanation of Symbols]
1, 26, 39 ......... Underground frame 3, 29 ......... Ground frame 5 ......... Ground 7, 34, 35 ......... Ground water level 13, 45 ......... Bottom plate 19, 19a, 19b ......... Pressure adjustment Spaces 21 and 43 ... Ground anchors 23 and 41 ... Basement outer walls 32 and 33 ... New mountain retaining wall 37 ... Basement building construction space

Claims (9)

A method of constructing a new chassis using an existing chassis,
A process (a) for sealing and sealing the space in the existing underground enclosure;
Dismantling the inside of the existing underground structure (b);
A step (c) of constructing a new underground structure in the existing underground structure;
A step (d) of ending the pressure of the space in the existing underground enclosure;
The housing construction method characterized by comprising. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a step (e) of installing a ground anchor or a drawn pile in the existing underground frame between the step (b) and the step (d). The housing construction method according to claim 1, further comprising a step (f) of dismantling the existing ground housing of the existing housing and constructing a new ground housing after the step (d). A method of constructing a new chassis using an existing chassis,
A process (a) for sealing and sealing the space in the existing underground enclosure;
A step (b) of creating a retaining wall below the existing underground structure;
Dismantling the bottom of the existing underground structure and excavating the interior of the retaining wall (c);
A step (d) of constructing a new underground frame inside the retaining wall;
A step (e) of ending pressure in the space in the existing underground enclosure and the new underground enclosure;
The housing construction method characterized by comprising. The method further comprises a step (f) of disassembling the inside of the existing underground structure between the step (a) and the step (b), and constructing a new underground structure inside the existing underground structure in the step (d). The housing construction method according to claim 4. 5. The housing construction method according to claim 4, further comprising a step (g) of installing a ground anchor or a drawn pile in the new underground housing between the step (d) and the step (e). 5. The housing construction method according to claim 4, further comprising a step (h) of dismantling the existing ground housing of the existing housing and constructing a new ground housing after the step (e). 5. The housing construction method according to claim 4, wherein steps (b) to (d) are performed while controlling the groundwater level by changing the pressure and pressure in the existing underground housing. A housing constructed using the housing construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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