JP4079549B2 - Waste cable processing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention recovers valuable metals such as copper wires by dry distillation of waste cables (including waste materials having valuable metals such as copper wires), while polymer materials such as rubber and polyethylene covering copper wires etc. The present invention relates to a waste cable processing method and apparatus for recovering fuel oil from a coating material made of metal.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the past, carbon dioxide and other valuable metals were recovered by carbonizing waste cables, while fuel oil was recovered from coatings made of polymer materials such as rubber and polyethylene covering copper wires. In order to promote heat transfer in the furnace, it was not paid enough, so it took a lot of time to thermally decompose the molten coating material flowing down from the basket accommodated in the dry distillation furnace to the bottom of the furnace. It was difficult for batch operation of the day, that is, commercial operation.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a waste cable processing method and apparatus capable of measuring at least once / day batch operation, that is, commercial operation. It is in.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1, in the waste cable processing method the waste cable pyrolysis furnace by dry distillation in an atmosphere of an inert gas to recover pyrolysis oil and metals, dry distillation The molten coating material melted therein is received by a groove-shaped member provided in the waste cable filling container, and then flows down from the groove-shaped member along the furnace wall of the pyrolysis furnace .
[0006]
The invention according to claim 2, the molten coating material, waste after cable receiving the channel members provided in the filling container, dam falling groove provided from the channel members to the furnace wall of the pyrolysis furnace After that, it is made to flow down in the form of a film along the furnace wall of the pyrolysis furnace from the slit-shaped gap provided in the dam type flow-down groove.
[0007]
On the other hand, the invention described in claim 3, the waste cable pyrolysis furnace by dry distillation in an atmosphere of inert gas in the waste cable processing device for collecting the pyrolysis oil and the metal, the inner wall surface of the pyrolysis furnace In addition, a dam-type downflow groove is provided in which the melt coating material melted during the dry distillation flows in the film shape along the inner wall surface of the pyrolysis furnace while spreading in the longitudinal direction of the pyrolysis furnace, and in the pyrolysis furnace waste cable provided filling container freely out, and is characterized in that the molten coating material to the waste cable filler container provided with a channel members to supply to the dam falling groove on.
[0008]
The invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that a single flow type groove in which the melt coating material extends in the longitudinal direction of the inner wall surface of the furnace body is provided in a zigzag shape below the dam type flow down groove.
The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that a groove member for extension is detachably attached to the tip of the groove member.
[0009]
The invention described in claim 6 is characterized in that a groove lid having an opening through which only the melt coating material is passed is installed in the groove-shaped member.
The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that a liquid pool preventing member for preventing liquid pooling of the molten coating material is attached to the inside of the front door that is openably and closably attached to the pyrolysis furnace.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 14, the processing apparatus for waste cables (including waste materials having valuable metals such as copper wires) of the present invention is composed of a pyrolysis facility A, a pyrolysis oil recovery facility B, and an exhaust gas treatment facility C. Yes.
[0012]
The pyrolysis equipment A includes a horizontal indirect heating pyrolysis furnace (hereinafter referred to as a pyrolysis furnace) 1, a hot air generation furnace 2, a blower 3, an oil supply pump 5, a recovered oil tank 6, and a heavy oil tank 7. . The pyrolysis oil recovery facility B includes a pyrolysis oil drum 8, a condenser 9, a water seal tank 10, a cooling tower 11, and a cooling water pump 12. Further, the exhaust gas treatment facility C is mainly composed of an exhaust gas incinerator 13.
[0013]
The pyrolysis furnace 1 includes a furnace body 14, a front door 15 attached to the open end of the furnace body 14 so as to be openable and closable, and a heating jacket 16 provided on the outside of the furnace body 14. Is configured to store two baskets 30 filled with waste cables (not shown) in the furnace body 14.
[0014]
The pyrolysis furnace 1 includes an oxygen concentration detection sensor 18, a pressure sensor 19, and a temperature sensor 20, and the nitrogen gas a supplied to the furnace body 14 by controlling the flow rate adjustment valve 22 of the nitrogen gas supply pipe 21 by the pressure sensor 19. While controlling the flow rate adjusting valve 24 of the oil supply pipe 23 and the flow rate adjusting valve 28 of the blower pipe 27 by the temperature sensor 20 and supplying the A heavy oil b or heat supplied to the burner (not shown) of the hot air generating furnace 2. The supply amount of the cracked oil f and the supply amount of the combustion air d are adjusted. Further, the fuel oil can be selected by controlling valves (not shown) provided in the branch pipes 23 ′ and 23 ″ branched from the oil supply pipe 23.
[0015]
In the treatment of the waste cable, after supplying nitrogen gas a into the furnace body 14 to make the inside of the furnace an inert gas atmosphere, the hot jacket 16 of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is passed from the hot air generator 2 through the hot air supply pipe 50. Hot air k is supplied into the inside to indirectly heat the waste cable in the furnace. The temperature in the furnace body 14 is constantly monitored by the temperature sensor 20, and the flow rate adjusting valves 24 and 28 are adjusted as needed so that the covering material of the waste cable is thermally decomposed .
[0016]
When the thermal decomposition of the covering material of the waste cable (made of polymer material such as rubber or polyethylene) starts, the high-temperature pyrolysis gas e flows from the furnace body 14 through the pipe 40 to the pyrolysis oil drum 8 and is cooled, The high boiling cracked oil in the pyrolysis gas e remains in the pyrolysis oil drum 8. The pyrolysis gas e from which the high-boiling cracked oil has been removed passes through the condenser 9 provided on the pyrolysis oil drum 8 while the pyrolysis oil in the pyrolysis gas e is condensed. It flows down into the drum 8. The pyrolysis oil f accumulated in the pyrolysis oil drum 8 is sent to the recovered oil tank 6 through the pipe 46. Excess pyrolysis oil f is sent out of the system through the pipe 47 and is separately used for fuel or the like.
[0017]
On the other hand, the exhaust gas from which pyrolysis oil has been removed flows into the water-sealed tank 10 through the pipe 41, and then is sent to the exhaust gas incinerator 13 through the pipe 42 and incinerated. For incineration of exhaust gas, combustion air d and LPG gas h supplied by the gas pipe 43 are used as auxiliary fuel. Further, the exhaust gas j from the pyrolysis furnace 1 is introduced into the exhaust gas ablation furnace 13 through the pipe 48.
[0018]
After the evaporating time has elapsed, the hot air generating furnace 2 is stopped and the furnace body 14 is naturally cooled. Thereafter, the front door 15 of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is opened and the copper wire contained in the waste cable is recovered. Since the recovered copper wire is treated in an inert gas atmosphere, the surface is not oxidized and is traded at a high price.
[0019]
When cooling the furnace body 14, if the blowing by the blower 3 is continued, the cooling rate of the furnace body 14 can be increased. In addition, when nitrogen gas a is supplied into the furnace body 14 in order to prevent the inside of the furnace from being depressurized as the temperature of the furnace body 14 decreases, the combustible gas in the furnace is eliminated by the nitrogen gas a, which is safe. Increases nature. In addition, you may make it avoid that the supply amount of the nitrogen gas a currently supplied in the furnace body 14 is increased when dry distillation is complete | finished, and the inside of a furnace will be in a pressure-reduced state.
[0020]
The working water i in the cooling tower 11 is pumped up by the pump 12, passes through the pyrolysis oil drum 8 and the constrictor 9, and then returns to the cooling tower 11 through the pipe 45.
[0021]
Now, the basket for accommodating the pyrolysis furnace and the waste cable will be described in more detail.
As shown in FIG. 1, the pyrolysis furnace 1 is provided with two dam-type downflow grooves 72 on the left and right inner wall surfaces 71 of the furnace body 14. In order to effectively use the heat transfer of the inner wall surface 71 of the furnace body 14, it is desirable that the upper dam type flow down groove 72 a is positioned slightly below the horizontal plane m passing through the center O of the furnace body 14.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 2, the upper and lower dam type downflow grooves 72 a and 72 b are provided in parallel to the center line n of the pyrolysis furnace 1. A pair of front and rear face plates 73 of the dam type downflow grooves 72 are attached to the inner wall surface 71 of the furnace body 14 in a watertight manner, and a long side wall plate 75 is attached to the inclined surface 74 in a watertight manner (see FIG. 1). Further, the side wall plate 75 is supported by a support body 76 attached to the wall surface 71 of the furnace body at regular intervals. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, a slit-shaped gap 77 is provided at the lower end of the side wall plate 75. The gap Δx of the gap 77 is preferably 1 to 3 mm.
[0023]
On the other hand, as can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, the basket 30 that accommodates the waste cable is formed in a cubic box shape, and the inside thereof is partitioned into a plurality of stages by a horizontal partition shelf 80. Although the horizontal partition shelf 80 and the basket bottom part 81 are the punching metal floor 82, a watermark floor, a lattice floor, and a wire-mesh floor are not ask | required. Moreover, although the front surface and the back surface of the basket 30 are covered with the punching metal 83, a watermark plate, a lattice, and a wire mesh are not ask | required.
[0024]
The attachment method of the horizontal partition shelf may be a fixed type, a movable type, or a divided insertion type. Further, the hole diameter of the punching metal is desirably about 20 to 50 mm. Moreover, although the basket frame is formed of angle shaped steel, it may be formed using other shaped steel such as a steel pipe.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 3, the basket 30 includes a groove-shaped member 85 that traverses the basket 30 in the first-stage and third-stage sections 64. The groove-shaped member 85 has a mountain shape and is inclined downward from the uppermost portion 86 located at the center of the basket toward the tip portion 87. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the upper groove member 85 a is installed away from the front and back sides of the basket 30, and the lower groove member 85 b is installed adjacent to the center of the basket 30. Yes. The upper channel member 85 a may be installed on the center side of the basket 30, and the lower channel member 85 b may be installed on the front side and the back side of the basket 30.
[0026]
Here, when the total horizontal area of the upper groove member occupying the basket frame is Au, the total horizontal area of the lower groove member occupying the basket frame is Al, and the horizontal sectional area of the basket is A, the upper groove member The area ratio αu (= Au / A) is preferably in the range indicated by the expression (1), and the area ratio αl (= Al / A) of the lower groove-shaped member is preferably in the range indicated by the expression (2).
[0027]
0 <αu <1 (1)
0 <αl <1 (2)
Considering the convection of the gas in the furnace, the optimum values are about αu = 0.3 to 0.7 and αl = 0.7 to 0.3. In the example of FIG. 4, αu = αl = 0.44.
[0028]
In short, if αu = αl = 1, the convection of the gas is blocked by the horizontal partition, and the heat conduction heat transfer on the wall surface of the furnace cannot be used effectively, and undecomposed plastic remains on the horizontal partition. There is a fear. The upper and lower groove members are arranged as shown in FIG. 4, but may be designed in consideration of the flow of cracked gas and the falling pattern of the molten coating material.
[0029]
By the way, if the upper groove member 85a protrudes outward from the lower groove member 85b, when the waste cable is stuffed into the basket 30, it interferes with the work, so the upper groove member 85a It is convenient to attach the basket 30 just before it is brought into the furnace in a detachable manner. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the two holes 88 passing through the overlapping portion of the groove member 185 and the extension groove member 285 installed in the basket 30 are longer than the width of the extension groove member. A metal rod 89 is removably attached.
[0030]
Further, a groove lid 90 made of punching metal or the like is placed on the upper portion of the groove member 85 so that the waste cable does not fall into the groove member 85 and hinder the flow of the molten coating material. The groove lid may be a watermark lid, a lattice lid, or a wire mesh lid.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 3, a pair of mounts 91 made of channel members are attached to the bottom surface of the basket 30. And while supporting this mount frame 91, a pair of supporting member 92 used as a guide at the time of taking in and out of a basket is standingly arranged in the bottom part of the furnace body 14 (refer FIG. 1).
[0032]
In general, the front lid 15 employs a flat or semi-circular end plate in terms of strength, and is susceptible to being cooled by the gasket cooling water jacket 93 so that the pyrolysis gas is easily condensed and dripped. In order to prevent condensate from accumulating in the lower part of the front door 15, a liquid pool preventing member 94 provided with a gas vent hole (not shown) is installed. As shown in FIG. 7, the liquid pool preventing member 94 has a substantially kamaboko shape. Further, the end surface 95 of the liquid pool preventing member 94 is preferably flush with the flange 96 of the front door 15 as shown in FIG.
[0033]
The heating jacket 16 is divided into two by a partition wall 38, and a spiral partition plate 39 is provided in each jacket 16, so that the heating gas introduced into each heating jacket 16a, 16b is spiral. Is drawn to pass through and the inside of the furnace is heated uniformly. Reference numeral 17 denotes a heat insulating material 17.
[0034]
As described above, when the waste cable is dry-distilled in the pyrolysis furnace 1, the coating material covering the copper wire is pyrolyzed and recovered in the pyrolysis oil drum 8 as pyrolysis oil f. However, the coating material melted during the carbonization flows down into the upper and lower groove members 85a and 85b provided in the basket 30, as shown in FIG. Then, the melt coating material Q in the upper groove member 85a flows down into the upper dam type flow groove 72a. Then, the film extends along the inner wall surface 71 of the furnace body from the slit-shaped gap 77 provided at the bottom of the dam-type downstream groove 72 while spreading in the longitudinal direction of the inner wall surface 71 of the furnace body in the dam-type downstream groove 72a. During the flow down into the shape, the primary thermal decomposition to lower molecules than the heat transfer from the inner wall surface 71 of the furnace body.
[0035]
Similarly, the molten coating material Q that has flowed into the lower dam type flow-down groove 72b from the lower groove-shaped member 85b also undergoes primary thermal decomposition into low molecules. Furthermore, the molten coating material Q flowing down between the pair of support members 92 undergoes primary thermal decomposition into low molecules while flowing toward the valley bottom 97 of the furnace body.
[0036]
Therefore, the waste cable D horizontally packed in the basket 30 is primarily pyrolyzed into low molecules within a predetermined carbonization time. As a result, valuable metals such as copper wires remain in the basket 30, and carbon residues in the furnace body 14 can be easily cleaned with a commercial vacuum cleaner.
[0037]
Incidentally, the covering material weight ratio γu of the upper groove member and the covering material weight ratio γl of the lower groove member are as follows.
[0038]
That is,
When the weight of the covering material falling on the horizontal shelf of the upper groove member is Wu, the weight of the covering material falling on the horizontal shelf of the lower groove member is W1, and the total weight of the basket covering material is W (= Wu + Wl), γu is ( 3) and γl are as shown in (4).
[0039]
γu = αuWu / W (3)
γl = αlWl / W + αul (1-αu) Wu / W (4)
Αul (= Aul / (A−Au)) is an area ratio at which the falling object from the horizontal shelf of the upper groove member can be received by the lower groove member.
[0040]
Here, max (γu) and max (γl) are obtained.
If αu = 1 and Wu / W = 0.5,
max (γu) = 0.5 (5)
If αl = 1, αul = 0, Wl / W = 0.5,
max (γl) = 0.5 (6)
It becomes.
[0041]
5 and 6 are as follows.
Since αu = 0.44, Wu / W = 0.5,
γu = 0.22 (7)
And
Since αl = 0.44, αul = 0.786, and Wl / W = 0.5,
γl = 0.44 (8)
It becomes.
[0042]
The channel member 85 may be installed as shown in FIGS. That is, the mountain-shaped groove member 85 is installed in the front-rear direction of the basket 30, while the groove-shaped member 850 is installed on the front surface and the back surface of the basket 30 in the lateral direction of the basket 30. Needless to say, the tip 850 ′ of the upper lateral groove 850 may be detachable.
[0043]
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the same effect can be obtained even if the single-flow grooves 78 and 79 are arranged in a zigzag shape below the dam-type flow grooves 72 a and 72 b at the upper and lower stages. In the figure, reference numeral 72c denotes the lowermost dam type descent groove.
[0044]
According to the present invention, recovery of valuable metals from waste cables can be efficiently processed. Moreover, the waste cable accommodated in the basket may be cut into a certain length or wound in a loop shape.
[0045]
The case where the exhaust gas from the pyrolysis furnace 1 is incinerated in the exhaust gas incinerator 13 and released into the atmosphere has been described above. However, the exhaust gas is stored in the storage tank 61 and used as a gas fuel for effective use of resources. A plan to use it is also conceivable. In the case where the coating material is a plastic material containing halogen such as polyvinyl chloride, it is necessary to select a material considering chlorine corrosion and to incorporate a dioxin reduction device.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.
That is,
(1) It took about 10 hours to dry-distill a waste cable with a weight of about 2,000 kg. In the present invention, it can be dry-distilled in 6 hours, realizing a batch operation (commercial operation) once / day. I can do it now.
[0047]
(2) The basket and the dam type downstream groove have a simple structure and excellent thermal decomposition ability of the molten coating material, and the effect is great.
[0048]
(3) Since the molten coating material obtains a sufficient amount of heat and efficiently undergoes primary thermal decomposition into low molecules, the amount of recovered oil increases. As a result, the fuel required for heating the carbonization furnace can be covered by recovered oil.
{Circle around (4)} The inner wall surface of the furnace body that gets wet with the molten coating material can be increased to about ½ of the entire circumference, so the amount of low-molecular gas accompanying secondary or higher thermal decomposition decreases. As a result, the amount of oil recovered from the pyrolysis gas increases, and resources are effectively used.
[0049]
(5) Since the molten coating material is completely carbonized in the furnace, residues in the furnace after dry distillation can be safely and quickly cleaned with a commercial vacuum cleaner.
▲ 6 ▼ A horizontal partition shelf is attached to the basket, and waste cables are stored horizontally, so that valuable metals such as copper wire remain on the partition shelf without falling to the furnace bottom even after the carbonization process. It became possible to collect.
[0050]
(7) Since the heat transfer area that contributes to the thermal decomposition of the molten coating material increases, the carbonization furnace can be reduced in size and the cost can be reduced.
(8) Since the thermal efficiency of the pyrolysis furnace is increased, fuel can be saved and energy and resources can be saved.
(9) Undecomposed residue at the bottom of the front door disappears, improving workability and extending the life of the pyrolysis furnace.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of an essential part of a pyrolysis furnace used in a waste cable processing method according to the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional plan view of the pyrolysis furnace of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the basket.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the basket.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a dam type downflow groove.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of an extension portion of the channel member.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing an inner wall surface of a main part of the front door.
8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG.
FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory view of the thermal decomposition furnace of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a front view of another basket.
FIG. 11 is a side view of another basket.
FIG. 12 is a side view showing another example of a dam type flow down groove.
13 is a sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a waste cable processing system according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Dry distillation furnace 71 Furnace wall Q Melt coating material

Claims (7)

In a waste cable processing method for recovering pyrolysis oil and metal by dry distillation of waste cables in a pyrolysis furnace in an inert gas atmosphere, a molten coating material melted during dry distillation is provided in the waste cable filling container. A waste cable processing method , comprising: receiving a groove-shaped member and then flowing down from the groove-shaped member along a furnace wall of a pyrolysis furnace . After the molten coating material is received by the groove-shaped member provided in the waste cable filling container, it is introduced from the groove-shaped member into the dam-type downflow groove provided in the furnace wall of the pyrolysis furnace, and then the dam-type downflow The waste cable processing method according to claim 1, wherein the waste cable is caused to flow in a film shape along a furnace wall of a pyrolysis furnace from a slit-like gap provided in the groove . In waste cable processing equipment that recovers pyrolysis oil and metals by dry distillation of waste cables in the pyrolysis furnace in an inert gas atmosphere, the molten coating material melted during dry distillation is heated on the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace. A dam-type flow groove that flows in the form of a film along the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace from the gap at the bottom while spreading in the longitudinal direction of the cracking furnace is provided, and a container for filling waste cables is provided in the pyrolysis furnace so that it can be freely inserted and removed. and it characterized in that the molten coating material to the waste cable filler container provided with a channel members supplied to the dam falling groove waste cable processing apparatus. 4. The waste cable processing apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein a single-flow type groove in which the molten coating material extends in the longitudinal direction of the inner wall surface of the furnace body is provided in a zigzag shape below the dam type flow-down groove . 4. The waste cable processing apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein an extension channel member is detachably attached to the tip of the channel member . 6. The waste cable processing apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein a groove lid having an opening through which only the melt coating material passes is installed in the groove-shaped member . 4. The waste cable processing apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein a liquid pool preventing member for preventing liquid pooling of the molten coating material is attached to the inside of the front door that is openably and closably attached to the pyrolysis furnace .

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