JP4094182B2

JP4094182B2 - Tunnel excavator for renewal of existing pipes

Info

Publication number: JP4094182B2
Application number: JP24958499A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 猛佐々木; 正雄高井
Original assignee: Okumura Corp
Current assignee: Okumura Corp
Priority date: 1999-09-03
Filing date: 1999-09-03
Publication date: 2008-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 2019-09-03
Also published as: JP2001073672A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は古い下水道管等の管路を新しい管路に更新するための既設管路の更新用トンネル掘削装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
長年の使用によって老朽化した下水道管等の既設管路を更新するには、既設管路が粘土層や砂質土のような地下水位下の軟弱地盤中における土被りの浅い部分に埋設されている場合が多いので、該既設管内に地下水や土砂が浸入しないように且つ地盤沈下が生じないように既設管路の周囲の地盤を掘削しなければならない。
【０００３】
このような既設管路を更新する装置として、本願出願人等は特開平１１ー９３５７５号公報に記載しているように、既設管路よりも大径の円筒状スキンプレートの前端開口部に既設管路の破砕と共にこの既設管路の外周地盤を掘削するビットを備えた回転カッタ板を配設すると共に上記回転カッタ板の前面中央部に上記既設管路の内周面を受止する円筒形状のフード部材を突設してなるトンネル掘削機を開発した。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、この既設管路更新用トンネル掘削機によれば、回転カッタ板によって既設管路の破砕と同時に該既設管路の外周地盤を掘削していくものであるから、トンネル掘削機を推進と共に回転カッタ板を駆動しなければ既設管路の破砕が行えなく且つ回転カッタ板では既設管路の破砕速度が遅くて工期が長くなり、その上、回転カッタ板を既設管路の端面に押し付けながら掘進していくので、トンネル掘削機が振動して作業環境を阻害する虞れがあると共にトンネル掘削機にローリングが生じてその修正作業に手間取るという問題点がある。
【０００５】
さらに、既設管路の内周面を受止する円筒形状のフード部材は回転カッタ板の前面中央部に一体に突設されているので、トンネル掘削機が上下左右方向に偏りが生じた時にはフード部材が既設管路の内周面に強固に圧着してトンネル掘削機の掘進が困難となる場合が生じ、また、例え、既設管路の内周面に挿入したフード部材をガイドとしてトンネル掘削機を推進させることができても既設管路がトンネル掘削機の機軸に対して傾斜していたり蛇行、或いは湾曲等の曲線部が存在している場合には既設管路の更新ができなくなるという問題点があった。
【０００６】
本発明はこのような問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とするところは、既設管路の直線部は勿論、傾斜部や蛇行部さらには曲線部であっても、既設管路内への土砂や地下水の浸入を防止しながら確実且つ能率よく既設管路の更新を行えるようにした更新用トンネル掘削装置を提供するにある。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の既設管路の更新用トンネル掘削装置は、請求項１に記載したように、地中に埋設された既設管路を拡径更新するためのトンネル掘削装置であって、既設管路よりも大径の円筒状スキンプレートの前端開口部に既設管路の後方外周地盤を掘削するビットを備えたカッタヘッドを配設してなるトンネル掘削機と、このトンネル掘削機の前方に配設されて既設管路を被覆すると共に後端が端面板により密閉され、該端面板を上記トンネル掘削機におけるカッタヘッドの後方の隔壁に連結してなる円筒状フード体とからなる既設管路の更新用トンネル掘削装置において、上記円筒状フード体をトンネル掘削機に対して上下左右移動自在に連結していることを特徴とする。
【０００８】
さらに、請求項２に係る発明は、地中に埋設された既設管路を拡径更新するためのトンネル掘削装置であって、既設管路よりも大径の円筒状スキンプレートの前端開口部に既設管路の後方外周地盤を掘削するビットを備えたカッタヘッドを配設してなるトンネル掘削機と、このトンネル掘削機の前方に配設されて既設管路を被覆すると共に後端が端面板により密閉され、該端面板を上記トンネル掘削機におけるカッタヘッドの後方の隔壁に連結してなる円筒状フード体とからなる既設管路の更新用トンネル掘削装置において、トンネル掘削機の隔壁中心部に前後方向に向けてジャッキを取り付けてあり、このジャッキを円筒状フード体の端面板に連結して該ジャッキの伸縮により円筒状フード体を前後方向に移動させるように構成し、トンネル掘削機と円筒状フード体とのトンネル長さ方向の位置関係を変更可能にしたことを特徴とする。
【０００９】
上記請求項１又は請求項２に記載の既設管路の更新用トンネル掘削装置において、請求項３に係る発明は、上記トンネル掘削機に対して円筒状フード体を上下左右方向に偏位可能に且つトンネル掘削機の前端開口部の中心部を支点として回動自在にしている構成における最も望ましい具体的な構造に関するもので、円筒状フード体の端面板に周枠を一体に設け、この周枠にジャッキに装着している連結部材の前端部を上下左右移動自在に係合させていると共に上記連結部材を玉継手によって上記ジャッキに回動自在に連結していることを特徴としてなる構造としている。なお、請求項４に記載したように、円筒状フード体の軸方向中心線をトンネル掘削機の軸方向中心線に対して偏心させておいてもよい。
【００１０】
請求項５に係る発明は、上記円筒状フード体の後端部内周面に既設管路の後端部破砕用部材を装着していることを特徴とする。
【００１１】
【作用】
トンネル掘削機の前側に連結している円筒状フード体によって既設管路の後端部を覆い、該円筒状フード体の内周面に設けているシール材を既設管路の外周面に摺接させると共にこのシール材と円筒状フード体の後端開口部を閉止している端面板とによって既設管路の周囲の土砂や地下水等が既設管路内に浸入するのを防止する。この既設管路内に前方側から既設管路切断機を搬入し、該切断機により既設管路の後端部を複数個のブロック状小片に分断し、分断した小片を既設管路内を通じて前方に排出する。この場合、切断機によって既設管路を完全に分断することなく一定の深さまで切込みを入れておき、円筒状フード体を前進させることによって該円筒状フード体の後端部に装着している破砕用部材により既設管路の破壊してもよい。又、切断機によることなく適宜な破砕用具を使用して既設管路の後端部を破砕してもよい。
【００１２】
一方、トンネル掘削機は上記既設管路の分断、破砕作業に関係なく掘進或いは停止し、掘進時にはそのカッタヘッドによって既設管路の後方外周地盤、即ち、円筒状フード体の後端部外周地盤を掘削し、掘削土砂を機内に取り込んで後方に排出すると共にその掘進に従ってトンネル掘削機の後方の掘削地盤に大径の新設管路を施工していく。このように、カッタヘッドは既設管路の後方外周地盤のみを掘削するものであるから、トンネル掘削機による地盤の掘削が円滑且つ能率よく行えると共にローリングは殆ど生じない。
【００１３】
さらに、トンネル掘削機と円筒状フード体とはトンネル掘削機の隔壁中心部に装着しているジャッキを介して連結しておくことにより、このジャッキの不作動時にはトンネル掘削機と円筒状フード体とを同一速度でもって一体的に前進させることができ、また、ジャッキを伸縮させることによってトンネル掘削機と円筒状フード体とを互いに接近、離脱させることが可能となり、トンネル掘削機による地盤の掘削作業と円筒状フード体内における既設管路の切除作業とを互いに最も能率のよい作業状態に組合せることができ、既設管路の更新工事の進捗が著しく向上して工期の短縮を図ることができる。
【００１４】
また、既設管路を覆っている円筒状フード体は、トンネル掘削機に対して上下左右方向に移動自在に且つトンネル掘削機の前端開口部の中心部を支点として回動自在に連結しているので、既設管路の更新中に該既設管路に傾斜部や蛇行部、或いは曲線部が存在していても円筒状フード体がトンネル掘削機に対してその管路部の方向に自由自在に移動して既設管路の後端部の外周面にその内周面を円滑に沿わせながら傾斜方向、蛇行方向、或いは屈曲方向に確実に進行することができ、後続するトンネル掘削機をその方向に制御しながら既設管路の傾斜部や蛇行部、或いは曲線部を正確に新設管路に更新することができる。
【００１５】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に本発明の具体的な実施の形態を図面について説明すると、図１に示すように既設管路の更新用掘削装置は、既設管路Ｄの後方側外周地盤を掘削し且つ後方側でトンネル掘削壁面に既設管路Ｄよりも大径の新設管路Ｅを施工するトンネル掘削機Ａと、このトンネル掘削機Ａの前方側に配設されて上記既設管路Ｄの後端部外周面を被覆する円筒状フード体Ｂと、既設管路Ｄ内に配設されて既設管路Ｄを内側から分断する切断機Ｃとから構成されている。
【００１６】
この構成をさらに具体的に詳述すると、上記トンネル掘削機Ａは、既設管路Ｄよりも大径の円筒状スキンプレート１の前端開口部に内径が上記円筒状フード体Ｂの外径よりも小径で且つ外径が円筒状フード体Ｂの外径よりも大径に形成した正面リング形状のカッタヘッド２を回転自在に支持していると共に、このカッタヘッド２の背面から適宜間隔を存したスキンプレート１の前端部内に隔壁３を固着してこの隔壁３によりカッタヘッド２側に対して機内側を水密的に仕切っている。さらに、隔壁３の中心部にジャッキ４を前後方向に向けて固着してあり、このジャッキ４を介して上記円筒状フード体Ｂの後端中心部を隔壁３に連結していると共にスキンプレート１内に掘削土砂排出手段としてスクリューコンベア５が配設されていてこのスクリューコンベア５の前端開口部を隔壁３の下部を貫通して上記カッタヘッド２と隔壁３との間の土砂取込室６に臨ませている。
【００１７】
また、スキンプレート１の後端には該スキンプレート１と同径の短管７がスキンプレート１の後端に対して屈折自在に接続していると共にスキンプレート１と短管７との内周面対向部間を周方向に所定間隔毎に配設した複数本の中折れジャッキ８によって連結して、これらの中折れジャッキ８によって短管７に対してスキンプレート１を上下左右方向に屈折させるように構成してあり、さらに、短管７の後端には内方に向かって直角に屈折した円環状の受止端板7aを一体に設けてこの受止端板7aに新設管路Ｅの前端面を当接させるようにしている。
【００１８】
上記カッタヘッド２はその前面に多数の掘削ビット2aを突設していると共に後面複数個所にアーム部材2bを後方に向かって水平に突設してこのアーム部材2bの後端をスキンプレート１の内周面に回転自在に支持された回転リング2cに一体に固着している一方、隔壁３の後面に駆動モータ９を取り付けてこの駆動モータ９の回転軸を隔壁３の前面側に突出させ、該回転軸の先端に固着しているピニオン10を上記回転リング2cの内周面に固着している内歯車11に噛合させてカッタヘッド２の回転駆動機構を構成している。
【００１９】
一方、円筒状フード体Ｂは、既設管路Ｄの外径よりも内径を大径に形成していると共に既設管路Ｄの後端部を一定の長さだけ被覆し得る長さを有し且つ前端が全面的に開口している円筒体12を本体とし、この円筒体12の前端部内周面に既設管路Ｄの後端部外周面に摺接するシール材13を突設していると共に前端に先端が先鋭に形成されている貫入ビット14を前方に向かって突設し、さらに、円筒体12の後端部を端面板15によって水密的に閉止していると共にこの端面板15の後面中央部に小径筒部16を後方に向かって一体に突設して該小径筒部16の後端部に内周面に円周溝17を形成してなる周枠18を固着してあり、また、上記端面板15の前面外周部と円筒体12の内周面後端部とに亘って、前端面が既設管路Ｄの後端面に対向する既設管路破砕用傾斜端面19a に形成している破砕部材19を固着してなるものである。
【００２０】
このように構成した円筒状フード体Ｂと上記トンネル掘削機Ａの連結構造は、円筒状フード体Ｂの後端に設けている上記周枠18の円周溝17にブロック形状に形成した連結部材20の前端面に一体に固着している円板状フランジ部21の外周部を上下左右移動自在に係合させ、この連結部材20を玉継手によってトンネル掘削機Ａの隔壁３の中心部に固着している上記ジャッキ４における前方に向かって突出したピストンロッド4aの前端部に回動自在に連結してなる構造としている。上記玉継手はピストンロッド4aの前端部を球体部4bに形成すると共にこの球体部4bに連結部材20の中央部に形成している球状面20a を回動自在に被嵌させた構造からなるものである。
【００２１】
従って、ジャッキ４のピストンロッド4aを伸縮させることにより、トンネル掘削機Ａと円筒状フード体Ｂとは互いに接近、離脱する方向に移動し得ると共に、トンネル掘削機Ａと円筒状フード体Ｂとの上下左右方向の相対的な移動は、円筒状フード体Ｂ側に設けている周枠18の円周溝17内でトンネル掘削機Ａ側に設けている連結部材20のフランジ部21を係合させた状態で上下左右に移動させることにより行われ、さらに、ジャッキ４のピストンロッド4aの前端球体部4bを中心としてトンネル掘削機Ａの前端に対し、円筒状フード体Ｂが上下左右方向に首振り回動し得るように構成している。
【００２２】
また、トンネル掘削機Ａの機内側からジャッキ４のピストンロッド4aの中心部を貫通して円筒状フード体Ｂの端面板15の小径筒部16内に達したジエット水供給ホース22を配設してあり、さらに、このジエット水供給ホース22の先端を円筒状フード体Ｂの径方向に放射状に配設した可撓性を有する複数本の中間ホース23を通じて、円筒状フード体Ｂの外周面長さ方向に装着され且つ先端ノズル25が貫入ビット14に達した複数本のジエット水圧送ホース24に連結、連通させている。
【００２３】
上記既設管路Ｄ内に配設されて既設管路Ｄを内側から分断する切断機Ｃは、既設管路Ｄ内を走行可能な移動台車26の後端に一側部に円形切断刃27を備えた機枠28を接続してなり、移動台車26はその底面四方に既設管路Ｄの内底面を管軸方向に転動する車輪29を回転自在に軸支していると共に前後部における３方に既設管路Ｄの内周面に圧接させることによって移動台車26を固定する固定用ジャッキ30を装着してある。この移動台車26の後端面における既設管路Ｄの中心線上に位置する部分に連結用軸31を突設し、この連結用軸31に上記機枠28の前面上端部に突設している第１連結用筒部32と他側面上端部に突設している第２連結用筒部33（図３に示す）とのいずれか一方を選択的に連結させると共に連結用軸31を中心として機枠28をモータ駆動（図示せず）により既設管路Ｄの円周方向に回転可能に構成している。
【００２４】
さらに、上記機枠28にモータ駆動（図示せず）によって前後方向に往復移動する可動台34を備えてあり、この可動台34にアーム部材35の基端部を連結していると共に該アーム部材35の先端部に上記円形切断刃27の中心部を可動台34の進行方向に直交した回転中心軸36によって軸支されている。なお、アーム部材35は可動台34に対して上下移動調整可能に構成していると共に円形切断刃27は適宜な回転駆動機構によって回転させられるように構成している。
【００２５】
このように構成した既設管路の更新用トンネル掘削装置によって既設管路Ｄを破砕しながら新設管路Ｅを形成していくには、まず、トンネル掘削機Ａの前方側に連結している円筒状フード体Ｂによって既設管路Ｄの後端部外周面を覆い、この円筒状フード体Ｂの内周面に設けているシール材13を既設管路Ｄの外周面に摺接させてこのシール材13と円筒状フード体Ｂの後端開口部を閉止している端面板15とにより既設管路Ｄの周囲の土砂や地下水等が既設管路Ｄ内に浸入するのを防止する。この状態にして既設管路Ｄの破壊、撤去と共に該既設管路Ｄの外周地盤の掘削と新設管路Ｅの敷設を行う。
【００２６】
既設管路Ｄの破壊は、トンネル掘削機Ａの到達側、即ち前方側から既設管路Ｄの後端部内に上記切断機Ｃを搬入し、移動台車26をジャッキ30によって既設管路Ｄに固定したのち、機枠28に配設している可動台34を前後方向に移動させ、アーム部材35の先端部に設けている円形切断刃27を回転させて既設管路Ｄをその後端面から所定長さ部分を切断する。この際、円形切断刃27を既設管路Ｄの外周部に略１mm程度の厚みが残存するように切り込ませながら切断する。この切断作業が終わると、該円形切断刃27を既設管路Ｄの周方向に所定距離だけ旋回移動させて再び上記同様に既設管路Ｄをその後端面から所定長さ部分だけ切断し、この作業を既設管路Ｄの周方向に所定間隔毎に繰り返し行って既設管路Ｄをその後端面から一定長さ部分に複数の切り込みを入れる。
【００２７】
次いで、移動台車26と共に機枠28をトンネル掘削機の到達側にまで搬出して移動台車26から機枠28の連結を解いた後、該機枠28の他側面に突設している第２連結用筒部33を移動台車26の連結用軸31に連結した状態にしたのち、図３に示すように、既設管路Ｄの後端部内まで搬入し、移動台車26を固定させると共に円形切断刃27の切断方向を既設管路Ｄの周方向に向け、上記切り込み部の前端部分に円形切断刃27を合わせて該円形切断刃27を既設管路Ｄの外周部に略１mm程度の厚みが残存するように切り込ませながら円周方向に１周させる。そうすると、既設管路Ｄの後端面から一定長さ部分がその外周部の僅かな切り残し部分を存して既設管路Ｄの長さ方向と円周方向との上記切り込みにより複数分割され、円周方向の切り込みを介して未切削部分に連なった状態となる。
【００２８】
この状態にした後、移動台車26と共に機枠28を一旦、前方（トンネル掘削機到達側）に待機させ、次いで円筒状フード体Ｂを前方に移動させると、該円筒状フード体Ｂの後端部内の外周部に突設している破砕部材19の傾斜端面19a が既設管路Ｄの後端面に当接し、この状態からさらに、円筒状フード体Ｂを前進させると、既設管路Ｄの後端部が上記円周方向及び長さ方向に設けている切り込み部分から複数個のブロック状小片に分割される。この際、上記破砕部材19の傾斜端面19a は後端に向かって内径方向に傾斜しているので、上記小片はこの傾斜端面19aによって既設管路Ｄの中心側に切り起こされるように分断されて既設管路Ｄの内底部上に確実に分断、集合させることができ、既設管路Ｄ内を通じての排除作業が能率よく行える。
【００２９】
また、円筒状フード体Ｂを前進させる際には、トンネル掘削機Ａ側からジエット水供給ホース22を通じて円筒状フード体Ｂの外周面に長さ方向に設けている複数本のジエット圧送ホース24に中間ホース23を介して圧力水を供給し、先端ノズル25からジエット水を噴出させて該ジエット水により既設管路Ｄの外周面における前方地盤を掘削し、円筒状フード体Ｂの先端に装着している貫入ビット14と共に円筒状フード体Ｂの前進を円滑に行わせる。
【００３０】
一方、トンネル掘削機Ａによって円筒状フード体Ｂで覆われた既設管路Ｄの後方外周地盤の掘削を行う。このトンネル掘削機Ａの推進は、該トンネル掘削機Ａの後端短管７に後続するヒューム管よりなる新設管路Ｅ（既設管路Ｄよりも大径である）をトンネル掘削機Ａの発進側の立坑内に設置した推進ジャッキ（図示せず）を伸長させることにより前方に押し進め、トンネル掘削機Ａの後端短管７の受止端板7aに当接している最前部の新設管路Ｅを介して行われると共に、この推進時に駆動モータ９を作動させてカッタヘッド２を回転させることにより既設管路Ｄの後方外周地盤を掘削し、その掘削土砂を土砂取込室６に取り込んでスクリューコンベア５を通じて機内後方に排出する。なお、トンネル掘削機Ａの推進はトンネル掘削機Ａのスキンプレート１の後端部内に複数本の推進ジャッキを装着しておき、一定長のトンネル掘削毎に後方にセグメントの組立等による新設管路を形成してこの新設管路の前端面に推進ジャッキのロッド端を当接させ、推進反力を該新設管路の前端面にとって推進させるように構成しておいてもよい。
【００３１】
このように、トンネル掘削機Ａは既設管路Ｄの破壊を行うことなくリング形状のカッタヘッド２によって既設管路Ｄの外周地盤のみを掘削するものであるから、掘削作業が能率よく行えると共にカッタヘッド２の回転反力によるローリングは殆ど生じない。
【００３２】
さらに、切断機Ｃによる既設管路Ｄの切断作業中においても、トンネル掘削機Ａを掘進させると共にその掘進速度に同調して隔壁中心部に装着しているジャッキ４を収縮させれば、円筒状フード体Ｂを前進させることなくトンネル掘削機Ａを該円筒状フード体Ｂ近くまで掘進させることができる一方、一定長のトンネルの掘進後、新設管路Ｅの継ぎ足し或いは施工時にトンネル掘削機Ａを停止させても、切断機Ｃによる既設管路Ｄの切断作業を行えるばかりでなく、上記ジャッキ４を伸長させることによりトンネル掘削機Ａに対して円筒状フード体Ｂを前進させ、その破砕部材19によって上述したように既設管路Ｄの後端部の破壊作業が行える。
【００３３】
また、管路の更新中に、既設管路Ｄが上下左右に偏心していると、該既設管路Ｄを被覆している円筒状フード体Ｂがその端面板15に一体に設けている周枠18の円周溝17をトンネル掘削機Ａの上記ジャッキ４のピストンロッド先端に設けている連結部材20の円板状フランジ部21に対して上下左右方向に自由に相対移動して既設管路Ｄの管軸上に自動的に調心し、管路の更新に何等の支障を生じさせることはない。
【００３４】
さらにまた、既設管路Ｄが蛇行或いは曲線等のようにトンネル掘削機Ａの機軸線に対して傾斜している場合には、円筒状フード体Ｂが上記ジャッキ４のピストンロッド先端の球体部4bに対して上記連結部材20の球状面20a を摺動させながら球体部4bを中心として管路の傾斜方向に自動的に向きを変え、既設管路Ｄに沿って進行することができる。一方、トンネル掘削機Ａも中折れジャッキ８を伸縮させることによって既設管路Ｄの管軸方向に向けることができる。
【００３５】
このように、既設管路Ｄを切断機Ｃによって一定長さ毎に複数分割可能に切り込みを入れる作業と円筒状フード体Ｂの前進によってその破砕部材19により上記切り込みを入れた既設管路Ｄの一定長さ部分を小片に破砕する作業と、破砕した小片を排除する作業と、トンネル掘削機Ａによって既設管路Ｄの後方外周地盤を掘削する作業と、一定長のトンネルの掘削毎に既設管路Ｄよりも大径の新設管路Ｅを継ぎ足す作業とを繰り返し行って既設管路の更新を行うものである。なお、既設管路Ｄの破壊は、上記切断機Ｃによることなくコアーカッタにより行ったり、適宜な破砕用具を用いて行ってもよい。
【００３６】
また、以上の実施例においては、円筒状フード体Ｂとしてその後端の端面板15の中心に連結部材20を設けて該連結部材20をトンネル掘削機Ａ側のジャッキ４のロッド先端部に形成している球体部4bに回動自在に被嵌することにより、トンネル掘削機Ａの機軸上に円筒状フード体Ｂの中心を位置させた構造のものを使用しているが、図４に示すように上記連結部材20を円筒状フード体B'の中心線に対して上方に設けた構造のものに取り替えてもよく、この円筒状フード体B'を使用すれば、既設管路Ｄの底部に対してトンネル掘削機Ａのスキンプレート1 の底部を合わせた状態にして既設管路Ｄの更新を行うことができる。その他の構造については上記実施例と同様であるので、同一部分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。
【００３７】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明の既設管路更新用トンネル掘削装置によれば、地中に埋設された既設管路を拡径更新するためのトンネル掘削装置であって、既設管路よりも大径の円筒状スキンプレートの前端開口部に既設管路の後方外周地盤を掘削するビットを備えたカッタヘッドを配設してなるトンネル掘削機と、このトンネル掘削機の前方に配設されて既設管路を被覆すると共に後端が端面板により密閉され、該端面板を上記トンネル掘削機におけるカッタヘッドの後方の隔壁に連結してなる円筒状フード体とからなるので、内部において既設管路を分断、撤去する円筒状フード体はその内周面に設けているシール材を既設管路の外周面に摺接させていると共に後端開口部を端面板によって閉止しているから、既設管路の周囲の土砂や地下水等が既設管路内に浸入するのを確実に防止することができ、地盤沈下の発生を抑制しながら管路の更新を行うことができる。
【００３８】
さらに、トンネル掘削機はそのカッタヘッドによって既設管路の後方外周地盤のみを掘削するものであるから、ローリングすることなく地盤の掘削が円滑且つ能率よく行えると共にトンネル掘削機による地盤の掘削と切断機などによる既設管路の切断作業とは別々に行えるので、既設管路を切断、撤去しながらトンネル掘削機の掘進が可能となって管体の更新の進捗状態を向上させることができる。
【００３９】
上記既設管路の更新用トンネル掘削装置において、円筒状フード体の後端部内周面に、既設管路の後端部を破砕させるための破砕用部材を装着しているので、切断機等により既設管路の後端部に長さ方向及び周方向に管の外周近傍部に達する切り込みを入れたのち、円筒状フード体を前進させることによって、既設管路の後端部を複数個の小片に一斉に分断することができる。
【００４０】
また、円筒状フード体はトンネル掘削機に対して上下左右移動自在に且つトンネル掘削機の前端開口部の中心部を支点として回動自在に連結しているので、既設管路の更新中に該既設管路に傾斜部や蛇行部、或いは曲線部が存在していても円筒状フード体がトンネル掘削機に対してその管路部の方向に自由自在に移動して既設管路の後端部の外周面にその内周面を円滑に沿わせながら傾斜方向、蛇行方向、或いは屈曲方向に確実に進行することができ、後続するトンネル掘削機をその方向に制御しながら既設管路の傾斜部や蛇行部、或いは曲線部を正確に新設管路に更新することができる。
【００４１】
さらに、本発明によれば、トンネル掘削機の隔壁中心部に前後方向に向けてジャッキを取り付け、このジャッキを円筒状フード体の端面板に連結して該ジャッキの伸縮により円筒状フード体を前後方向に移動させるように構成しているので、このジャッキの不作動時にはトンネル掘削機と円筒状フード体とを同一速度でもって一体的に前進させることができ、また、ジャッキを伸縮させることによってトンネル掘削機と円筒状フード体とを互いに接近、離脱させることが可能となり、トンネル掘削機による地盤の掘削作業と円筒状フード体内における既設管路の切除作業とを互いに最も能率のよい作業状態に組合せることができ、既設管路の更新工事の進捗が著しく向上して工期の短縮を図ることができるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】既設管路を更新している状態のトンネル掘削装置の簡略縦断側面図、
【図２】その正面図、
【図３】切断機の向きを変更した場合の円筒状フード体部分の簡略縦断側面図、
【図４】本発明の別な実施形態を示す簡略縦断側面図。
【符号の説明】
Ａトンネル掘削機
Ｂ円筒状フード体
Ｃ切断機
Ｄ既設管路
Ｅ新設管路
１スキンプレート
２カッタヘッド
３隔壁
４ジャッキ
4a ピストンロッド
4b 球体部
13 シール材
15 端面板
17 円周溝
18 周枠
19 破砕部材
20 連結部材
21 円板状フランジ部
21a 球状面
26 移動台車
27 円形切断刃
28 機枠[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel excavation device for updating an existing pipeline for updating a pipeline such as an old sewer pipe to a new pipeline.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to renew existing pipes such as sewer pipes that have deteriorated due to long-term use, the existing pipes are buried in a shallow part of the soil cover in a soft ground under a groundwater level such as a clay layer or sandy soil. Since there are many cases, the ground around the existing pipe line must be excavated so that groundwater and earth and sand do not enter the existing pipe and ground subsidence does not occur.
[0003]
As an apparatus for renewing such an existing pipeline, the applicants of the present application have already installed in a front end opening of a cylindrical skin plate having a diameter larger than that of the existing pipeline, as described in JP-A-11-93575. A cylindrical shape in which a rotary cutter plate having a bit for excavating the outer peripheral ground of the existing pipeline is disposed along with the crushing of the pipeline, and the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline is received at the front center portion of the rotary cutter plate Developed a tunnel excavator with hood members protruding.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to this existing pipe excavation tunnel excavator, the rotary excavator is used to excavate the outer periphery of the existing pipe line at the same time as the existing pipe line is crushed. If the cutter plate is not driven, the existing pipeline cannot be crushed, and the rotating cutter plate slows down the existing pipeline and increases the work period. In addition, the rotary cutter plate is pressed against the end face of the existing pipeline. Therefore, there is a possibility that the tunnel excavator vibrates and disturbs the work environment, and there is a problem that rolling occurs in the tunnel excavator and it takes time to correct it.
[0005]
Furthermore, since the cylindrical hood member that receives the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipe line is integrally projected at the center of the front surface of the rotary cutter plate, when the tunnel excavator is biased vertically and horizontally, the hood There are cases where the members are firmly pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipe line, making it difficult to dig the tunnel excavator. For example, a tunnel digging machine using the hood member inserted into the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipe line as a guide However, even if the existing pipeline is inclined with respect to the axis of the tunnel excavator, or there is a curved portion such as a meander or a curve, the existing pipeline cannot be updated. There was a point.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and the object of the present invention is not only a straight portion of an existing pipeline, but also an inclined portion, a meandering portion, and a curved portion. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tunnel excavation apparatus for renewal that can reliably and efficiently renew existing pipelines while preventing intrusion of earth and sand and groundwater.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above object, a tunnel excavating apparatus for renewing an existing pipeline according to the present invention is a tunnel excavating apparatus for renewing the diameter of an existing conduit buried in the ground as described in claim 1. A tunnel excavator in which a cutter head having a bit for excavating a rear outer peripheral ground of an existing pipeline is disposed at a front end opening of a cylindrical skin plate having a diameter larger than that of the existing pipeline, and the tunnel A cylindrical hood body which is disposed in front of the excavator and covers an existing pipe line and whose rear end is sealed by an end face plate, and which is connected to a partition wall behind a cutter head in the tunnel excavator; FromIn the existing tunnel excavation apparatus for renewing a pipeline, the cylindrical hood body is connected to the tunnel excavator so as to be movable vertically and horizontally.
[0008]
  Furthermore, the invention according to claim 2 is a tunnel excavation apparatus for expanding and updating an existing pipeline buried in the ground, and is provided at a front end opening of a cylindrical skin plate having a larger diameter than the existing pipeline. A tunnel excavator having a cutter head provided with a bit for excavating the outer peripheral ground behind the existing pipe, and an end plate with a rear end covering the existing pipe and disposed at the front of the tunnel excavator In the tunnel excavating apparatus for renewing existing pipes, the end plate is connected to the bulkhead behind the cutter head in the tunnel excavator. A jack is attached in the front-rear direction. The jack is connected to an end face plate of the cylindrical hood body, and the cylindrical hood body is moved in the front-rear direction by expansion and contraction of the jack. It was possible to change the tunnel length direction of the positional relationship between the excavator and the cylindrical hood member and said.
[0009]
  In the tunnel excavating apparatus for renewing an existing pipeline according to claim 1 or 2, the invention according to claim 3 is capable of shifting the cylindrical hood body in the vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the tunnel excavator. In addition, the present invention relates to a most desirable specific structure in a configuration in which the center portion of the front end opening of the tunnel excavator is rotatable about a fulcrum, and a peripheral frame is integrally provided on the end plate of the cylindrical hood body. The front end of the connecting member attached to the jack is engaged in a vertically movable manner and the connecting member is rotatably connected to the jack by a ball joint. . In addition, as described in claim 4, the axial center line of the cylindrical hood body may be eccentric with respect to the axial center line of the tunnel excavator.
[0010]
  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that a member for crushing the rear end portion of the existing pipe line is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the cylindrical hood body.
[0011]
[Action]
The cylindrical hood body connected to the front side of the tunnel excavator covers the rear end of the existing pipeline, and the sealing material provided on the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical hood body is slidably contacted with the outer circumferential surface of the existing pipeline. In addition, the sealing material and the end face plate that closes the rear end opening of the cylindrical hood body prevent earth and sand, groundwater, and the like around the existing pipeline from entering the existing pipeline. An existing pipe cutting machine is carried into this existing pipe line from the front side, the rear end of the existing pipe line is divided into a plurality of block-shaped pieces by the cutting machine, and the divided pieces are forwarded through the existing pipe line. To discharge. In this case, the crushing machine is attached to the rear end of the cylindrical hood body by making a cut to a certain depth without completely dividing the existing pipe line by a cutting machine and moving the cylindrical hood body forward. The existing pipe line may be destroyed by the member for use. Moreover, you may crush the rear-end part of an existing pipe line using an appropriate crushing tool, without using a cutting machine.
[0012]
On the other hand, the tunnel excavator digs up or stops regardless of the division and crushing work of the existing pipeline, and at the time of digging, the cutter head makes the rear outer circumference of the existing pipeline, that is, the outer circumference of the rear end of the cylindrical hood body. The excavated soil is taken into the machine and discharged to the rear, and a new large-diameter pipe is constructed on the excavated ground behind the tunnel excavator according to the excavation. Thus, since the cutter head excavates only the rear outer peripheral ground of the existing pipeline, the ground excavation by the tunnel excavator can be performed smoothly and efficiently, and rolling hardly occurs.
[0013]
In addition, the tunnel excavator and the cylindrical hood body are connected via a jack attached to the center of the bulkhead of the tunnel excavator so that the tunnel excavator and the cylindrical hood body The tunnel excavator and the cylindrical hood body can be moved toward and away from each other by expanding and contracting the jack, and the ground excavation work by the tunnel excavator And the excision work of the existing pipe line in the cylindrical hood can be combined with each other in the most efficient work state, the progress of the renewal work of the existing pipe line can be remarkably improved, and the construction period can be shortened.
[0014]
Further, the cylindrical hood covering the existing pipe line is connected to the tunnel excavator so as to be movable in the vertical and horizontal directions and to be rotatable about the center of the front end opening of the tunnel excavator. Therefore, during the renewal of the existing pipeline, the cylindrical hood body can freely move in the direction of the pipeline with respect to the tunnel excavator even if the existing pipeline has an inclined portion, a meandering portion, or a curved portion. It can move and move forward in an inclined direction, meandering direction, or bending direction while smoothly moving its inner peripheral surface along the outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the existing pipeline, and the subsequent tunnel excavator can be moved in that direction. The inclined portion, meandering portion, or curved portion of the existing pipeline can be accurately updated to the new pipeline while being controlled.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, an excavation apparatus for updating an existing pipe excavates the outer peripheral ground on the rear side of the existing pipe D and tunnels on the rear side. A tunnel excavator A for constructing a new pipe E having a diameter larger than that of the existing pipe D on the excavation wall, and an outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the existing pipe D disposed on the front side of the tunnel excavator A It comprises a cylindrical hood body B to be covered and a cutting machine C that is disposed in the existing pipeline D and divides the existing pipeline D from the inside.
[0016]
More specifically, the tunnel excavator A has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical hood body B at the front end opening of the cylindrical skin plate 1 having a larger diameter than the existing pipe D. A front ring-shaped cutter head 2 having a small diameter and an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical hood body B is rotatably supported, and an appropriate interval is provided from the back surface of the cutter head 2. A partition wall 3 is fixed in the front end portion of the skin plate 1, and the inside of the machine is partitioned watertightly by the partition wall 3 with respect to the cutter head 2 side. Further, a jack 4 is fixed to the center portion of the partition wall 3 in the front-rear direction, and the rear end center portion of the cylindrical hood body B is connected to the partition wall 3 through the jack 4 and the skin plate 1. A screw conveyor 5 is disposed as excavating earth and sand discharging means, and the front end opening of the screw conveyor 5 passes through the lower part of the partition wall 3 to enter the earth and sand taking-in chamber 6 between the cutter head 2 and the partition wall 3. I ’m here.
[0017]
Further, a short tube 7 having the same diameter as that of the skin plate 1 is connected to the rear end of the skin plate 1 so as to be refractable with respect to the rear end of the skin plate 1 and the inner periphery of the skin plate 1 and the short tube 7. The surface facing portions are connected by a plurality of middle folding jacks 8 arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and the skin plate 1 is refracted in the vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the short tube 7 by these middle folding jacks 8. Further, an annular receiving end plate 7a that is refracted at right angles toward the inside is integrally provided at the rear end of the short tube 7, and a new pipe E is provided on the receiving end plate 7a. The front end face of each is brought into contact.
[0018]
The cutter head 2 has a large number of excavation bits 2a projecting on the front surface thereof, and arm members 2b projecting horizontally at a plurality of rear surfaces so that the rear end of the arm member 2b is attached to the skin plate 1. While being fixed integrally to a rotating ring 2c that is rotatably supported on the inner peripheral surface, a drive motor 9 is attached to the rear surface of the partition wall 3 so that the rotating shaft of the drive motor 9 protrudes to the front side of the partition wall 3, A pinion 10 fixed to the tip of the rotating shaft is engaged with an internal gear 11 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating ring 2c to constitute a rotation driving mechanism of the cutter head 2.
[0019]
On the other hand, the cylindrical hood B has a length that allows the inner diameter to be larger than the outer diameter of the existing pipeline D and covers the rear end of the existing pipeline D by a certain length. In addition, a cylindrical body 12 whose front end is fully open is used as a main body, and a sealing material 13 slidably in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the existing pipe D is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the front end portion of the cylindrical body 12. A penetration bit 14 having a sharp tip formed at the front end is projected forward, and the rear end of the cylindrical body 12 is watertightly closed by the end plate 15 and the rear surface of the end plate 15 A small-diameter cylindrical portion 16 is integrally protruded rearward at the center portion, and a peripheral frame 18 formed by forming a circumferential groove 17 on the inner peripheral surface is fixed to the rear end portion of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 16, Further, the existing pipe crushing inclined end face 19 whose front end face is opposed to the rear end face of the existing pipe D over the front outer peripheral part of the end face plate 15 and the inner peripheral rear end of the cylindrical body 12. The crushing member 19 formed on a is fixed.
[0020]
The connecting structure of the cylindrical hood body B and the tunnel excavator A thus configured is a connecting member formed in a block shape in the circumferential groove 17 of the peripheral frame 18 provided at the rear end of the cylindrical hood body B. The outer peripheral portion of the disc-shaped flange portion 21 that is integrally fixed to the front end face of 20 is engaged so as to be movable vertically and horizontally, and this connecting member 20 is fixed to the center portion of the partition wall 3 of the tunnel excavator A by a ball joint. The jack 4 has a structure in which it is rotatably connected to a front end portion of a piston rod 4a protruding forward. The ball joint has a structure in which the front end portion of the piston rod 4a is formed in the spherical portion 4b, and a spherical surface 20a formed in the central portion of the connecting member 20 is rotatably fitted to the spherical portion 4b. It is.
[0021]
Accordingly, by expanding and contracting the piston rod 4a of the jack 4, the tunnel excavator A and the cylindrical hood body B can move toward and away from each other, and the tunnel excavator A and the cylindrical hood body B The relative movement in the up / down / left / right direction is performed by engaging the flange portion 21 of the connecting member 20 provided on the tunnel excavator A side in the circumferential groove 17 of the peripheral frame 18 provided on the cylindrical hood body B side. The cylindrical hood B swings up, down, left and right with respect to the front end of the tunnel excavator A around the front end spherical body 4b of the piston rod 4a of the jack 4. It is configured to be able to rotate.
[0022]
In addition, a jet water supply hose 22 that passes through the center of the piston rod 4a of the jack 4 from the inside of the tunnel excavator A and reaches the inside of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 16 of the end plate 15 of the cylindrical hood B is disposed. Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface length of the cylindrical hood body B is passed through a plurality of flexible intermediate hoses 23 in which the tips of the jet water supply hose 22 are radially arranged in the radial direction of the cylindrical hood body B. The tip nozzle 25 is connected to and communicated with a plurality of jet water pressure feed hoses 24 that are mounted in the vertical direction and reach the penetration bit 14.
[0023]
The cutting machine C that is disposed in the existing pipeline D and divides the existing pipeline D from the inside has a circular cutting blade 27 on one side at the rear end of the movable carriage 26 that can travel in the existing pipeline D. A movable carriage 26 is connected to a movable carriage 26. A movable carriage 26 rotatably supports a wheel 29 that rolls in the pipe axis direction on the inner bottom surface of an existing pipeline D on the bottom surface of the movable carriage 26 and 3 A fixing jack 30 for fixing the movable carriage 26 by being brought into pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline D is mounted on the side. A connecting shaft 31 protrudes from the rear end face of the movable carriage 26 on the center line of the existing pipe D, and the connecting shaft 31 protrudes from the front upper end of the machine casing 28. One of the first connecting cylinder part 32 and the second connecting cylinder part 33 (shown in FIG. 3) protruding from the upper end of the other side surface is selectively connected and the connection shaft 31 is the center. The frame 28 is configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction of the existing pipeline D by a motor drive (not shown).
[0024]
Further, the machine frame 28 is provided with a movable base 34 that reciprocates in the front-rear direction by a motor drive (not shown), and a base end portion of an arm member 35 is connected to the movable base 34 and the arm member. The central portion of the circular cutting blade 27 is pivotally supported at the tip of 35 by a rotation center shaft 36 orthogonal to the traveling direction of the movable table 34. The arm member 35 is configured to be adjustable up and down with respect to the movable base 34, and the circular cutting blade 27 is configured to be rotated by an appropriate rotation driving mechanism.
[0025]
In order to form the new pipe E while crushing the existing pipe D with the tunnel excavating apparatus for renewing the existing pipe constructed as described above, first, the cylinder connected to the front side of the tunnel excavator A The outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the existing pipe D is covered with the hood body B, and the seal member 13 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical hood body B is brought into sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the existing pipe D. The material 13 and the end face plate 15 that closes the rear end opening of the cylindrical hood B prevent the earth and sand around the existing pipe D from entering the existing pipe D. In this state, the existing pipeline D is destroyed and removed, and the outer periphery of the existing pipeline D is excavated and the new pipeline E is laid.
[0026]
Destruction of the existing pipeline D is carried out by bringing the cutting machine C into the rear end of the existing pipeline D from the arrival side of the tunnel excavator A, that is, the front side, and fixing the movable carriage 26 to the existing pipeline D by the jack 30. After that, the movable base 34 provided in the machine frame 28 is moved in the front-rear direction, and the circular cutting blade 27 provided at the distal end portion of the arm member 35 is rotated so that the existing pipe line D extends from the rear end surface to a predetermined length. Cut the part. At this time, the circular cutting blade 27 is cut while being cut so that a thickness of about 1 mm remains on the outer periphery of the existing pipe D. When this cutting operation is completed, the circular cutting blade 27 is pivoted and moved by a predetermined distance in the circumferential direction of the existing pipe D, and the existing pipe D is cut again from the rear end face by a predetermined length in the same manner as described above. Is repeatedly performed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the existing pipe D, and the existing pipe D is cut into a predetermined length portion from the rear end face thereof.
[0027]
Next, after the machine frame 28 is unloaded to the tunnel excavator's arrival side together with the movable carriage 26 and the machine frame 28 is disconnected from the movable carriage 26, the second is projected on the other side of the machine frame 28. After the connecting cylinder part 33 is connected to the connecting shaft 31 of the moving carriage 26, it is carried into the rear end of the existing pipeline D as shown in FIG. 3, and the moving carriage 26 is fixed and circularly cut. The cutting direction of the blade 27 is directed in the circumferential direction of the existing pipeline D, the circular cutting blade 27 is aligned with the front end portion of the cut portion, and the circular cutting blade 27 has a thickness of about 1 mm on the outer periphery of the existing pipeline D. Make one turn in the circumferential direction while cutting to remain. Then, a portion of a certain length from the rear end surface of the existing pipeline D is divided into a plurality of parts by the above-described incision in the length direction and the circumferential direction of the existing pipeline D, leaving a slight uncut portion of the outer periphery. It will be in the state which continued to the uncut part through the circumferential notch.
[0028]
After this state, the machine frame 28 together with the moving carriage 26 is once put on standby (toward the tunnel excavator), and then the cylindrical hood body B is moved forward. The inclined end face 19a of the crushing member 19 projecting from the outer peripheral portion of the part abuts the rear end face of the existing pipe D, and when the cylindrical hood body B is further advanced from this state, the rear of the existing pipe D The end portion is divided into a plurality of block-shaped pieces from the cut portions provided in the circumferential direction and the length direction. At this time, since the inclined end surface 19a of the crushing member 19 is inclined in the inner diameter direction toward the rear end, the small piece is divided by the inclined end surface 19a so as to be cut and raised to the center side of the existing pipeline D. It can be reliably divided and assembled on the inner bottom portion of the existing pipeline D, and the removal work through the existing pipeline D can be performed efficiently.
[0029]
Further, when the cylindrical hood body B is moved forward, a plurality of jet pressure feeding hoses 24 provided in the longitudinal direction on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical hood body B through the jet water supply hose 22 from the tunnel excavator A side. Pressure water is supplied through the intermediate hose 23, jet water is ejected from the tip nozzle 25, the front ground on the outer peripheral surface of the existing pipeline D is excavated by the jet water, and is attached to the tip of the cylindrical hood body B. The cylindrical hood body B is smoothly advanced together with the penetrating bit 14.
[0030]
On the other hand, the rear outer peripheral ground of the existing pipeline D covered with the cylindrical hood body B is excavated by the tunnel excavator A. The tunnel excavator A is propelled by starting the tunnel excavator A through a new pipe E (having a larger diameter than the existing pipe D) made of a fume pipe following the short end pipe 7 of the tunnel excavator A. A forward jack that is pushed forward by extending a propulsion jack (not shown) installed in the side shaft and is in contact with the receiving end plate 7a of the rear short tube 7 of the tunnel excavator A. In addition, the drive motor 9 is operated during this propulsion and the cutter head 2 is rotated to excavate the rear outer peripheral ground of the existing pipeline D, and the excavated soil is taken into the earth taking-in chamber 6. It is discharged to the rear of the machine through the screw conveyor 5. In order to propel the tunnel excavator A, a plurality of propulsion jacks are mounted in the rear end portion of the skin plate 1 of the tunnel excavator A, and a new pipe line is constructed by assembling segments and the like at the rear for every fixed-length tunnel excavation. The rod end of the propulsion jack may be brought into contact with the front end surface of the new pipeline, and the propulsion reaction force may be propelled against the front end surface of the new pipeline.
[0031]
Thus, since the tunnel excavator A excavates only the outer peripheral ground of the existing pipeline D by the ring-shaped cutter head 2 without destroying the existing pipeline D, the excavation work can be efficiently performed and the cutter is cut. Rolling due to the rotational reaction force of the head 2 hardly occurs.
[0032]
Further, even during the cutting operation of the existing pipeline D by the cutting machine C, if the tunnel excavator A is dug and the jack 4 mounted at the center of the partition wall is contracted in synchronization with the dug speed, the cylindrical shape is obtained. The tunnel excavator A can be dug up to the vicinity of the cylindrical hood B without advancing the hood body B. On the other hand, after excavating a certain length of tunnel, Even if it is stopped, not only can the cutting operation of the existing pipe D be performed by the cutting machine C, but the extension of the jack 4 advances the cylindrical hood body B relative to the tunnel excavator A, and the crushing member 19 As described above, the rear end portion of the existing pipeline D can be destroyed.
[0033]
Further, when the existing pipeline D is decentered in the vertical and horizontal directions during the updating of the pipeline, the peripheral frame in which the cylindrical hood body B covering the existing pipeline D is integrally provided on the end face plate 15. An existing pipe D is formed by freely moving the 18 circumferential grooves 17 in the vertical and horizontal directions relative to the disk-like flange portion 21 of the connecting member 20 provided at the tip of the piston rod of the jack 4 of the tunnel excavator A. It automatically aligns on the pipe axis and does not cause any trouble in the renewal of the pipe.
[0034]
Furthermore, when the existing pipeline D is inclined with respect to the axis of the tunnel excavator A, such as a meander or curve, the cylindrical hood B is a sphere 4b at the tip of the piston rod of the jack 4. On the other hand, while the spherical surface 20a of the connecting member 20 is slid, the direction can be automatically changed in the inclined direction of the pipe line around the spherical part 4b, and it can proceed along the existing pipe line D. On the other hand, the tunnel excavator A can also be oriented in the direction of the pipe axis of the existing pipe line D by expanding and contracting the middle-folded jack 8.
[0035]
In this way, the existing pipe D is cut by the crushing member 19 by the operation of cutting the existing pipe D by a cutting machine C so that it can be divided into a plurality of parts for each predetermined length and the advance of the cylindrical hood body B. The operation of crushing a fixed length part into small pieces, the operation of removing the crushed pieces, the operation of excavating the back outer periphery of the existing pipeline D by the tunnel excavator A, and the existing pipe every time the fixed length tunnel is excavated The existing pipeline is renewed by repeatedly performing the operation of adding a new pipeline E having a diameter larger than that of the route D. Note that the existing pipeline D may be destroyed by a core cutter without using the cutting machine C, or by using an appropriate crushing tool.
[0036]
In the above embodiment, the connecting member 20 is provided at the center of the end face plate 15 at the rear end of the cylindrical hood body B, and the connecting member 20 is formed at the tip end of the jack 4 on the tunnel excavator A side. The center of the cylindrical hood body B is positioned on the axis of the tunnel excavator A by being rotatably fitted on the spherical body portion 4b. As shown in FIG. The connecting member 20 may be replaced with a structure provided above the center line of the cylindrical hood body B ′, and if this cylindrical hood body B ′ is used, the bottom of the existing pipe line D can be used. On the other hand, the existing pipeline D can be updated with the bottom of the skin plate 1 of the tunnel excavator A being matched. Since other structures are the same as those in the above embodiment, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the tunnel excavating apparatus for updating an existing pipeline according to the present invention, it is a tunnel excavating apparatus for expanding the diameter of an existing pipeline buried in the ground, and has a diameter larger than that of the existing pipeline. A tunnel excavator having a cutter head provided with a bit for excavating the outer peripheral ground behind the existing pipe line at the front end opening of the cylindrical skin plate, and an existing pipe line arranged in front of the tunnel excavator And the rear end is sealed with an end face plate, and the end face plate is composed of a cylindrical hood body connected to the partition wall behind the cutter head in the tunnel excavator, so the existing pipeline is divided inside, The cylindrical hood to be removed has the sealing material provided on its inner peripheral surface in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the existing pipeline and the rear end opening is closed by the end face plate. Earth and sand and groundwater Can be reliably prevented from entering the conduit, it can be updated in line while suppressing the occurrence of subsidence.
[0038]
Further, since the tunnel excavator excavates only the outer peripheral ground behind the existing pipe line by its cutter head, the excavation of the ground can be performed smoothly and efficiently without rolling, and the excavation and cutting machine of the ground by the tunnel excavator Therefore, the excavation of the tunnel excavator can be performed while cutting and removing the existing pipeline, and the progress of the update of the pipe can be improved.
[0039]
  Tunnel excavator for renewal of the existing pipeIn the cylindrical hood bodySince the crushing member for crushing the rear end of the existing pipe line is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the rear end part, the pipe is connected to the rear end part of the existing pipe line in the length direction and the circumferential direction by a cutting machine or the like. After making a cut reaching the outer periphery, the cylindrical hood body is advanced, whereby the rear end portion of the existing pipeline can be divided into a plurality of small pieces all at once.
[0040]
  In addition, the cylindrical hood bodySince the center of the front end opening of the tunnel excavator is pivotally connected to the tunnel excavator so that it can move up and down and left and right, the inclined pipe or the Even if there are meandering parts or curved parts, the cylindrical hood moves freely in the direction of the pipe part with respect to the tunnel excavator, and the inner circumference of the rear end part of the existing pipe line It is possible to advance in the inclined direction, meandering direction, or bending direction reliably along the surface smoothly, and to control the subsequent tunnel excavator in that direction, the inclined part, meander part, or curved part of the existing pipe line Can be accurately updated to the new pipeline.
[0041]
  further,According to the present invention,A jack is attached to the center of the bulkhead of the tunnel excavator in the front-rear direction, and this jack is connected to the end plate of the cylindrical hood body, and the cylindrical hood body is moved in the front-rear direction by expansion and contraction of the jack. Therefore, when this jack is not in operation, the tunnel excavator and the cylindrical hood body can be integrally advanced at the same speed, and the tunnel excavator and the cylindrical hood body can be expanded and contracted by expanding and contracting the jack. The excavation work of the ground by the tunnel excavator and the excision work of the existing pipe line in the cylindrical hood can be combined with each other in the most efficient work state. The progress of renewal work can be significantly improved and the construction period can be shortened.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a simplified longitudinal side view of a tunnel excavator in a state where an existing pipeline is being updated,
FIG. 2 is a front view thereof.
FIG. 3 is a simplified vertical side view of a cylindrical hood body part when the orientation of the cutting machine is changed,
FIG. 4 is a simplified vertical side view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Tunnel excavator
B Cylindrical hood body
C cutting machine
D Existing pipeline
E New pipeline
1 Skin plate
2 Cutter head
3 Bulkhead
4 Jack
4a Piston rod
4b Sphere
13 Sealing material
15 End plate
17 Circumferential groove
18 perimeter frame
19 Crushing material
20 Connecting member
21 Disc flange
21a Spherical surface
26 Mobile trolley
27 Circular cutting blade
28 Airframe

Claims

A tunnel excavation device for expanding and updating an existing pipeline buried in the ground, and excavating the outer peripheral ground behind the existing pipeline in a front end opening of a cylindrical skin plate having a diameter larger than that of the existing pipeline. A tunnel excavator having a cutter head provided with a bit, and a tunnel excavator disposed in front of the tunnel excavator so as to cover an existing pipe line, and a rear end thereof is sealed by an end face plate. In an existing tunnel excavation apparatus for renewal of an existing pipeline consisting of a cylindrical hood body connected to a partition wall behind a cutter head in an excavator, the cylindrical hood body is connected to the tunnel excavator so as to be movable vertically and horizontally. A tunnel excavating device for renewal of existing pipelines.

A tunnel excavation device for expanding and updating an existing pipeline buried in the ground, and excavating the outer peripheral ground behind the existing pipeline in a front end opening of a cylindrical skin plate having a diameter larger than that of the existing pipeline. A tunnel excavator having a cutter head provided with a bit, and a tunnel excavator disposed in front of the tunnel excavator so as to cover an existing pipe line, and a rear end thereof is sealed by an end face plate. In a tunnel excavator for renewal of an existing pipeline consisting of a cylindrical hood that is connected to a bulkhead behind a cutter head in an excavator, a jack is attached to the center of the bulkhead of the tunnel excavator in the front-rear direction. , update tons of the existing pipeline, characterized by being configured to move stretching a cylindrical hood member in the longitudinal direction by the said jack by connecting the jack to the end plate of the cylindrical hood member Le rigs.

A peripheral frame is integrally provided on the end face plate of the cylindrical hood body, and the front end portion of the connecting member attached to the jack is engaged with the peripheral frame so as to be movable up and down and left and right, and the connecting member is connected to the above by a ball joint. The tunnel excavation device for renewal of an existing pipeline according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the tunnel excavation device is connected to a jack so as to be rotatable.

The tunnel for updating an existing pipeline according to claim 1 , wherein the axial center line of the cylindrical hood body is eccentric with respect to the axial center line of the tunnel excavator. Drilling rig.

The tunnel excavation device for renewing an existing pipeline according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a member for crushing the rear end portion of the existing pipeline is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the cylindrical hood body. .