JP4096455B2 - Grain drying equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to Kokutsubuinui 燥装 location.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, a dryer body is provided with a heating tank and a drying chamber, and the grains passing through the heating tank are induced to move to the surface of moisture inside the cereal, thereby making the drying in the drying chamber in the next stage more efficient. The form is known (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-8434).
However, since the above configuration has a drying chamber directly under the heating tank, the above induction time is small, resulting in a state where the grain moisture reaches the drying chamber with insufficient movement to the surface side, Drying efficiency may decrease or grain quality may be impaired.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above, the present invention has taken the following technical means.
That is, the invention described in claim 1 includes at least a storage tank, a heating unit, and a dewatering drying unit inside the machine frame, and warms the grain to promote the transition of the grain moisture to the surface side. In the grain drying apparatus including the step of removing water by supplying dry air from, a heating part for heating the grain is provided below the feeding valve from the dewatering drying part, and the heating part grain A circulation system for returning the water to the storage tank is configured . Further, a grain collecting plate (12, 12) is obliquely provided below the feeding valve (10, 10), and the grains of the feeding valve (10, 10) are received and guided to the lower transfer spiral (11). It comprises, and the hot air path for heating (13, 14) is formed in the back side of this grain collection board (12, 12). The dewatering / drying section is configured to dry the grain flowing down between the hot air passage (6) and the exhaust air passage (7, 7) by applying dry air. Further, the burner (8) and the heating hot air passage (13), the heating hot air passage (13) and the rear duct (15), the rear duct (15), the heating hot air passage (14), and the heating hot air passage ( 14) and the front duct (16), the front duct (16) and the hot air path (6) of the dewatering and drying section, the hot air path (6) and the exhaust air path (7) of the dewatering and drying section are connected in order, and the burner The hot air from (8) is passed through the hot air passage for heating (13), the rear duct (15), the hot air passage for heating (14), the front duct (16), and the hot air passage (6) of the dewatering drying section to exhaust the air. It discharges from a path (7), It is characterized by the above-mentioned .
[ 0004 ]
[Effects of the invention]
In grain drying apparatus according to claim 1 constitutes a heating portion for heating the grain below the feeding valve of the dewatering and drying unit, a circulation system for returning the heating unit grain to the storage tank since configuring, grain fed out from the supply valve (10, 10) is sliding down flow cereal plate becomes thin layer (12, 12), the back face of the case flow Kokuban (12, 12) On the side, hot air is circulated, and the grain is heated by the conduction heat and the grain temperature is raised. As a result, the leveling action of the moisture gradient inside the grain is promoted, and the storage tank ( 2 ) Since the tempering is performed over a sufficient time, the above leveling is sufficiently performed, and the grain moisture moves to the surface side and flows down again through the flow-down passage ( 5, 5 ) .
[ 0005 ]
When the moisture transfer to the surface side is sufficient as described above, the effect of removing moisture by the dry wind acting on the grains flowing down the flow passage ( 5, 5 ) is promoted. That is, when leveling is achieved inside the grain due to moisture transfer, the amount of water vapor transpiration from the surface portion inevitably increases, and the effect of capturing the water vapor and discharging it outside the machine increases. As a result, it is possible to realize grain drying at a relatively high drying speed.
[ 0006 ]
Further, the AtsumariKoku and heating unit, from the ones that portion corresponding to the flow Kokuban (12,12) is subjected to heating, can ensure a sufficient tempering time to perform water removal drying next There is an effect .
[0007]
Moreover , the burner as a heating device can be configured as a single unit, and an energy saving effect can be expected.
[ 0008 ]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a machine frame of a grain dryer. A storage tank 2, a dewatering / drying unit 3, and a grain collecting and heating unit 4 are vertically arranged in the machine frame from above.
Among these, the storage tank 2 is provided so that the side walls can be stacked so that the capacity can be increased as appropriate, and the so-called tempering is performed by returning the dried grains to the storage tank. In the illustrated example, the dewatering / drying unit 3 is formed with flow-down passages 5 and 5 on the left and right sides, and the flow-down passages 5 and 5 are formed by ventilation net walls 5a, 5a, 5b, and 5b. Further, the hot air passage 6 is formed between the flow passages 5 and 5 and the outer sides of the flow passages 5 and 5 are exhaust air passages 7 and 7 so that the hot air passage 6 can communicate with the burner 8 as described later. The exhaust passages 7 and 7 are configured to communicate with the exhaust fan 9 and are configured to dry the grains by causing hot air to act transversely on the grains slowly flowing down the flow passages 5 and 5. Reference numerals 10 and 10 denote feeding valves disposed in the flow-down passages 5 and 5, respectively, so that the grains are fed to the next-stage grain collecting and heating unit 4 while gradually rotating in a fixed direction.
[ 0009 ]
The grain collecting and warming unit 4 has flown slabs 12 and 12 for guiding the grains from the feeding valves 10 and 10 toward the lower transfer spiral 11 disposed in the front-rear direction at the center lower part, 12 and 12 and heating hot air passages 13 and 14 formed on the back side. The front end side of the hot air passage 13 of the heating hot air passage is configured to be directly connected to and communicated with the burner 8 provided at the lower front portion of the machine frame 1, and the rear duct 15 is provided on the rear end side outside the machine frame 1. The other end of the duct 15 is connected to the rear end side of the another hot air passage 14. Reference numeral 16 denotes a front duct that connects the front end side of the hot air passage 14 and the hot air passage 6 of the dewatering drying unit 3.
[ 0010 ]
As described above, the hot air accompanying the combustion of the burner 8 passes through the hot air passage 13 -the rear duct 15 -the hot air passage 14 -the front duct 16 -the hot air passage 6 -the exhaust air passages 7 and 7 due to the suction action of the exhaust fan 9. It is the structure discharged in.
Outside the machine frame 1, a groining machine 17 is installed for raising and reducing the grains collected on one side by the lower transfer spiral 11 to the storage tank 2. The groining machine 17 has a configuration in which a belt with a bucket is wound between upper and lower pulleys, and the dried grain transferred to one side by the lower transfer spiral 11 can be picked up and transferred to the upper part. Grains that are crushed by the groining machine 17 and thrown at the upper part are guided to the start end side of the transfer basket provided with the upper transfer spiral 18 through the throw opening. In addition, the grain horizontally transferred by the transfer spiral 20 is guided by the rotary diffusion platen 19 disposed at the upper center of the storage tank 2 and is diffused and dropped into the storage tank 2.
[ 0011 ]
The grain circulation system comprising the groining machine 17, the upper and lower transfer spirals 11, 18 and the like is rotationally interlocked by a drive motor 21 at the lower corner of the machine frame. The motor 21 drive shaft is interlocked with the lower transfer spiral 11 via a counter pulley 22, and the rotation of the lower transfer spiral 11 is associated with the bucket belt of the groining machine 17 and the elevator 17. The upper transfer spiral 18 can be interlocked by an interlock belt (not shown) between the upper pulley and the upper transfer spiral 18.
[ 0012 ]
A supply port (not shown) is provided on the side wall at an appropriate height of the groining machine 17 so as to be within a left-right distance between the forward travel and the reverse travel of the bucket belt. Is provided with a detachable moisture meter 24. For example, the moisture meter 24 electrically processes the resistance value while crushing one of the sample grains between a pair of electrode rolls (not shown) that are placed below a supply roll (not shown). And it is the structure converted into a grain moisture value.
[ 0013 ]
A control box 25 is provided on the front side of the machine casing 1 to perform control necessary for the drying operation.
The control box 25 has an operation panel 26, a tension setting / drying / discharge / stop operation mode switch 31, 32, 33, 34, a finish moisture and a setting amount switch 35, 36, and a drying time. Increase / decrease switches 37, 38, etc. are provided for setting. 39 is an emergency stop switch, and 40 is a display unit.
[ 0014 ]
The exhaust fan 9 is provided on the rear side of the machine frame 1. The exhaust fan 9 adopts a centrifugal fan configuration that rotates at a high speed, and includes a centrifugal fan 50, a fan body 51 incorporating the fan, an exhaust duct 52, and the like. A circular opening 54 is formed so as to look into the collective duct 53. Centrifugal fan 50 has a plurality of blades arranged at a predetermined angle in the center of rotating shaft 55 and is configured for one-sided suction, and is configured to discharge air from circular opening 54 upward by fan body 51.
[ 0015 ]
A pulley 56 is provided at the outer end of the rotating shaft 55 so as to be interlocked with the circulation motor 21.
FIG. 5 is a control block diagram, and the control unit 61 of the control box 25 includes operation mode switches 31, 32, 33, 34 for tensioning / drying / discharging / stop arranged on the operation panel 26, finishing. In addition to input signals such as setting switches 35 and 36 for moisture and tension, and increase / decrease switches 37 and 38 for setting the drying time, the moisture meter 24, the load detector 62 of the circulation motor 21, and the heating unit Various detection signals such as 13, 14 and hot air temperature sensors 63, 63, 64, an outside air temperature sensor 65, an air volume sensor 66, etc. are input. On the other hand, the output signals include a circulation system motor 21 for driving the circulation system and exhaust fan 9 such as the elevator, a delivery motor 66 drive signal for the delivery valves 10 and 10, a burner 8 drive signal, a display output signal of the display unit 40, and the like. is there.
[ 0016 ]
Reference numeral 70 denotes an opening that opens in the side wall of the machine frame 1, and constitutes a so-called laterally extending form in which grains can be stretched from the opening. Reference numeral 71 denotes a side hopper also serving as an opening / closing lid.
The operation of the above example will be described.
When the tension switch 31 is turned on, the circulation motor 21 is activated. A predetermined amount of grain is put into the storage tank 2 from the side hopper 71 using the lower transfer spiral 11 and the grain raising machine 17.
[ 0017 ]
Next, the grain type, finishing moisture, etc. are set and the drying operation is started. When the drying switch 32 is turned on, the circulation system motor 21 is started and a drive signal is output to the burner 8.
In the state where the drying switch 32 is on, the hot air accompanying the burner 8 combustion is caused by the suction action of the exhaust fan 9 as described above, and the hot air passage 13 -the rear duct 15 -the hot air passage 14 -the front duct 16 -the hot air passage 6-. It is discharged out of the machine through the exhaust passages 7 and 7. Meanwhile, grain fed out from the supply valve 10, 10 is slides down cereal plate 12, 12 flow becomes thin layer, high temperature hot air on the back surface side of the case flow Kokuban 12, 12 Distribution As a result, the grain is heated by the conduction heat, and the grain temperature is increased. As a result, the leveling action of the moisture gradient inside the grain is promoted. Thus, it returns to the storage tank 2 through the lower transfer spiral 11, the elevator 17, and the upper transfer spiral 18 with the grain temperature being high. Here, tempering is performed over a sufficient time. Since the grain is maintained in a state where the grain temperature remains high and returned to the tank, the above leveling is sufficiently performed, and the grain moisture moves to the surface side and again flows down the downflow passages 5 and 5. is there.
[ 0018 ]
If the moisture transfer to the surface side is sufficient, the effect of removing moisture by the dry wind acting on the grains flowing down the flow passages 5 and 5 is promoted. That is, when leveling is achieved inside the grain due to moisture transfer, the amount of water vapor that evaporates from the surface portion inevitably increases, and the effect of capturing the water vapor and discharging it to the outside of the machine increases.
By separating heating and dewatering drying as described above, the moisture gradient inside the grain is leveled, and as a result, grain drying with a relatively high drying rate can be realized.
[ 0019 ]
In particular, this embodiment is a cereal collecting and heating unit, and for example, the portion corresponding to the drifted cereal boards 12 and 12 is used for heating, so that sufficient tempering is performed until the next dewatering and drying. There is an effect that time can be secured.
When the intended drying operation is completed and the predetermined moisture content is reached. It begins the discharge work which discharges the grain. When the operation switch 41 is turned on and the discharge shutter 73 is opened, the grains are discharged out of the machine.
[ 0020 ]
In the said Example, although the hot air path 13 and 14 for heating of the grain collection and heating part 4 was formed in the reciprocation path, you may comprise so that both may go to the same direction.
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment, in which a hot air passage 75 is separately formed in the grain collecting and heating unit 4. Since the hot air passage 75 is provided above the lower transfer spiral 11 and is constituted by the radiators 76, 76, the radiant heat can heat the surroundings. In addition, it is set as the structure which can introduce | transduce hot air suitably, such as setting it as the form which distributes and distributes a part of hot air of the hot air path 13 and 14 for heating. The presence of the hot air passage 75 and the radiators 76 and 76 promotes heating of the grains to be collected. In particular, since the heating action to the grain fed out from the feeding valves 10 and 10 can be performed, the grain heating is not biased.
[ 0021 ]
In addition to the above, FIG. 6 further improves the heating efficiency by the radiators 76 and 76 while controlling the transport mechanism by the lower transfer spiral 11. That is, the transfer mechanism based on the lower transfer spiral 11 is equipped with a motor 79 that can be turned on / off independently by an output from the controller 77 and performs intermittent operation. In other words, the stagnant sensor 78 is provided at an appropriate upper position of the lower transfer helix 11 and is controlled to be turned on when the grain gradually accumulates in the off state to drive the motor 79 for the lower transfer helix 11 for a certain period of time. Since this is turned off again after a lapse of time and the accumulation is started, the heating action of the radiators 76 and 76 can be sufficiently received during the accumulation period, and the heating can be further promoted. In addition, the structure of the heat radiators 76 and 76 may be a structure of a heat radiator using far infrared rays.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a dryer main body.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a dryer main body.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a dryer main body.
FIG. 4 is a rear view of the dryer main body.
FIG. 5 is a control block diagram.
FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of another embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Machine frame, 2 ... Storage tank, 3 ... Dewatering drying part, 4 ... Grain collection and heating part, 5 ... Downflow passage, 6 ... Hot air path, 7 ... Exhaust air path, 8 ... Burner, 9 ... Exhaust air Road, 10 ... Feed valve, 11 ... Lower transfer spiral, 12, 12 ... Dried cereal board, 13, 14 ... Hot air passage for heating, 15 ... Rear duct, 16 ... Front duct, 17 ... Graining machine, 18 ... Upper transfer spiral, 21 ... Circulation system motor (drive motor), 24 ... Moisture meter, 25 ... Control box, 26 ... Operation panel, 31, 32, 33, 34 ... Operation mode switch, 35, 36 ... Setting switch, 37, 38 ... Increase / decrease switch, 40 ... Display unit, 50 ... Centrifugal fan, 51 ... Fan body, 52 ... Exhaust duct, 53 ... Collecting duct, 54 ... Circular opening, 55 ... Rotating shaft, 61 ... Control unit, 63, 64 ... Hot air temperature sensor, 65 ... outside air temperature sensor, 66 ... air volume sensor, 7 ... feeding motor, 70 ... opening, 71 ... Side hopper

Claims (1)

At least a storage tank, warming unit, and dewatering / drying unit are provided inside the machine frame, and the grain is warmed to promote the transition of grain moisture to the surface side, and then supplied with drying air to remove water. In the grain drying apparatus including the process
Configure a heating unit to warm the grain below the feed valve from the dewatering drying unit, configure a circulation system to return the heating unit grain to the storage tank ,
A grain collecting plate (12, 12) is obliquely arranged below the feeding valve (10, 10), and is configured to receive the grain of the feeding valve (10, 10) and guide it to the lower transfer spiral (11). , A hot air passage for heating (13, 14) is formed on the back side of the cereal collection board (12, 12),
The dewatering / drying section is configured to dry the grain flowing down between the hot air passage (6) and the exhaust air passage (7, 7) by spraying with dry air,
Further, the burner (8) and the heating hot air passage (13), the heating hot air passage (13) and the rear duct (15), the rear duct (15), the heating hot air passage (14), and the heating hot air passage ( 14) and the front duct (16), the front duct (16) and the hot air path (6) of the dewatering and drying section, the hot air path (6) and the exhaust air path (7) of the dewatering and drying section are connected in order, and the burner The hot air from (8) is passed through the hot air passage for heating (13), the rear duct (15), the hot air passage for heating (14), the front duct (16), and the hot air passage (6) of the dewatering drying section to exhaust the air. A grain drying apparatus , characterized by being discharged from the path (7) .

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