JP4100490B2 - Ceiling / roof structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ceiling / roof structure capable of carrying out roof construction and ceiling laying work together with a small number of members.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when the ceiling of a large-scale building is a steel structure, a method of arranging a ceiling material on a structural material or a method of separately constructing a ceiling has been adopted.
When the ceiling material is arranged on the former structural material, the roof base material (the back surface of the roof structure) such as the structural material can be seen from the indoor side, so that the design looks very bad, and the thickness of the ceiling material is It affected the roof structure constructed above.
When the latter ceiling is newly constructed, a support member (hanging member) is hung from the structural material on the basis of the structural material such as H steel, which is the building frame, and a frame or makeup that forms the ceiling surface on the member The ceiling is constructed by attaching materials.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when constructing a new ceiling as described above, the number of members is large, and it takes time and labor to hang the supporting member (hanging member) from the structural material, and to install the frame and the decorative material. There was a problem that it would be troublesome twice because it would be separate from roof construction.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a ceiling structure (roof structure) that can reduce the number of members and can perform ceiling laying work together with roofing work.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and a structural material including a rising portion, an upper flange formed at the upper end of the rising portion, and a lower flange formed at the lower end is disposed, and the structural material is provided. A roof structure is constructed on the upper flange directly or via a support member, and at least one selected from negative ion generation, heat insulation, sound absorption, sound insulation and fireproofing between the lower flanges of adjacent structural materials A functional material having characteristics, and a flat decorative portion having a plurality of holes between adjacent structural materials on the indoor side, and a covering portion that visually hides the lower flange of the structural material from the indoor side Is formed, and the horizontal piece that is folded back is placed on the lower flange, and the other piece that is the horizontal piece that folds the side end of the decorative part upward and extends it outward. Ceiling material with mounting part is attached It is intended to propose a ceiling, roof structure characterized by comprising been.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The structural material 1 and the ceiling material 2 used for the ceiling / roof structure of the present invention will be described based on the embodiment of FIG. In the illustrated embodiment, ceiling materials having different shapes are distinguished by reference numerals 2a, 2b, 2c,... The same applies to the decorative portion 21 and the attachment portion 22. In the ceiling structure, since the indoor side, that is, the lower surface side is visible, the back surface side indicates the outdoor side, while the roof structure indicates the outdoor side, that is, the upper surface side, and thus the back surface side indicates the indoor side. Therefore, in the following description, in order not to confuse both, the parenthesis indicates whether it is the lower surface side or the upper surface side, the outdoor side, or the indoor side.
[0006]
The structural material 1 used for the ceiling / roof structure of the present invention includes a rising portion 11, an upper flange portion 12 formed at the upper end, and a lower flange 13 formed at the lower end.
The structural material 1 may be formed by integrally forming a plurality of light-weight steels by welding, bolting, or the like, or the light-weight steel itself may be used as a structural material, or may be an aluminum extrusion-molded body. A galvanized steel sheet may be roll-formed as in the example.
[0007]
The rising portion 11 may have a double gap structure as in the embodiment of FIG. 1 or may be formed in a single layer plate shape. For example, a vertical piece of an L-shaped angle member may be inserted into the gap of the rising portion 11 and fixed in a sandwiched manner, and this may be fixed to a steel material or the like disposed in the side wall, or the ceiling material 2 side. The attachment portion 22 formed at the end may be inserted into the gap between the rising portions 11 and fixed in a sandwiched manner.
An opening may be formed in the rising portion 11. The opening may have any shape such as an ellipse or a circle, and may be provided at an appropriate interval. This opening may be used as an attachment hole for an L-shaped angle member for fixing to a steel material or the like disposed in the side wall, or may be used as an attachment hole for attaching the ceiling material 2 (attachment portion 22). (See the example of FIG. 8 described later). Or to a functional material may be used as a mounting hole for mounting a connecting member for connecting the receiving member or receiving member support, as through electrical wiring, such as illumination and solar cells (not shown), and other wiring and piping Also good.
[0008]
The upper flange 12 may extend to either one of the left and right (inner side or outer side) as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, or may extend to both, a roof material constituting a roof structure, or It is a fixed part such as a support member such as a hanger, tight frame, rafter. In addition, in the aspect which arrange | positions the structural material 1 so as to be orthogonal to the inclination gradient of a roof, when extending the upper flange 12 only to either right or left, the upper flange 12 is extended to the eaves side. It arranges in.
[0009]
The lower flange 13 is desirably extended to both the left and right sides, and is provided with an end of a ceiling material 2 described later or an end of a board-like functional material disposed on the back surface (upper surface = outdoor side) of the ceiling material 2. Although it functions to support or support a part (base end) of a receiving material that supports the functional material, it is not necessarily limited. Further, when the structural material 1 is fixed to a steel material or the like disposed in the side wall, it may be fixed using an L-shaped angle material, or the lower flange 13 may be directly fixed.
[0010]
The ceiling material 2 used for the ceiling / roof structure of the present invention is attached between the structural materials 1, 1, and is formed on the decorative portion 21 having a plurality of hole portions 211 and on the side end of the decorative portion 21. It is the structure provided with the attaching part 22 made.
The ceiling material 2 is not particularly limited in its material configuration, but a material obtained by appropriately forming a punching metal, a metal mesh or the like by roll forming or the like can be used.
[0011]
The decorative portion 21 is formed with a hole 211 such as punching or mesh, and the hole 211 is not particularly limited in the shape, such as a circular hole, an elliptical hole, or a square hole, and the size and density of the holes. The strength can be selected appropriately in consideration of the strength characteristics.
On the back surface (upper surface = outdoor side) of the decorative portion 21, a breathable sheet material 23 such as a nonwoven fabric or paper or a breathable material 23 such as a molded body is attached or attached. May be. In this case, the functional material or the like disposed on the outdoor side of the ceiling material 2 becomes invisible (blindfolded) from the indoor side through the hole portion 211, and further, debris such as wood wool or dust generated from the functional material or the like is removed from the hole portion 211. Can be prevented from falling through the room indoors.
Further, the decorative portion 21 has an arbitrary shape such as a curved (arc) shape, a mountain shape, a valley shape, a wave shape, a flat shape, and the like, and even if it protrudes outward (indoor side), it protrudes inward. However, the decorative portion 21 having a large surface area is more excellent in sound absorbing performance. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the ceiling material 2a having the curved decorative portion 21a and the ceiling material 2b having the flat decorative portion 21b are alternately used in combination, but only one type is used. You may do it.
Further, the direction of forming a curved decorative surface like the decorative portion 21a (the same applies when forming a wavy decorative surface) is formed along the length direction of the structural member 1 as in the embodiment of FIG. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be formed in the intersecting direction as in the embodiment of FIG.
[0012]
The attachment portion 22 may have any configuration as long as it can be attached between the adjacent structural materials 1 and 1, and is attached to the rising portion 11 (opening not shown) or the like even if attached to the lower flange 13 of the structural material 1. May be. For example, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the side edge of the decorative portion 21 may be folded and extended horizontally, and the tip may be folded upward and placed on the lower flange 13. What is necessary is just to select suitably considering design nature, intensity, etc. from various modes, such as fitting, fixing by screws and clips, adhesive fixing, or locking by providing a locking piece such as a claw on a structural material, Two or more kinds may be used in combination. Further, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the mounting portions 22a and 22b of the two types of ceiling materials 2a and 2b are exactly the same and are the same on the left and right, but the left and right mounting structures (mounting portions) may be different. . For example, in the case of the embodiment of FIG. 1, only one may be placed, the other may be placed, and fixed by screwing or bonding.
[0013]
The roof material 3 is constructed on the upper flange 12 of the structural material 1 directly or via a support member such as a hanging frame, a tight frame, a rafter, etc. A roof structure such as a folded plate may be used, or a solar cell panel or a greening structure may be used, and the configuration is not particularly limited.
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, a heat insulating metal fitting 41 is fixed to the upper flange 12 of the structural material 1, and a roof material 3 that is a vertically folded plate is attached via a receiving material 42, and a cover material 5 is interposed between the roof materials 3 and 3. Was attached to form a roof structure.
[0014]
The roofing material 3 used in the embodiment of FIG. 1 is a vertically folded plate comprising one trough (planar part 31) and a molded part 32 having attachment means on left and right side edges, typically. Surface-coated steel sheets of approximately 0.4 to 1.6 mm, rust-proof steel sheets such as hot-dip galvanized steel sheets and galvanized steel sheets, special steels and non-ferrous metals, aluminum alloy plates, lead plates, zinc plates, A known metal material such as a titanium alloy plate or a copper plate is formed into a predetermined shape by roll forming, press forming, or other means. In particular, a relatively thick plate thickness of about 0.8 to 1.6 mm is preferable in order to ensure positive / negative pressure strength as a surface.
[0015]
The heat insulating metal fitting 41 used in the embodiment of FIG. 1 is for fixing the receiving material 42 integrally to the upper flange 12, and the heat from the receiving material 42, that is, the roof material 3 and the cover material 5 constituting the roof surface. The upper flange 12, that is, the ceiling material 2 and the one that does not transmit (heat transfer) to the indoor side was used.
[0016]
The receiving material 42 used in the embodiment of FIG. 1 is for holding the roofing material 3 and is usually a stainless steel plate or plating of about 0.6 to 3.2 mm depending on the dimensions and required strength of the roofing material 3 described later. It is a piece material formed by pressing a steel plate or the like and formed into a U-shaped cross section in which the receiving portions formed symmetrically in the front and rear directions are erected, and joined to the heat insulating metal fitting 41 at the bottom surface portion. Yes. At the left and right edges of the receiving portion, attached means for elastically engaging (fitting) with the attaching means of the roof material 3 is provided.
[0017]
The cover material 5 used in the embodiment of FIG. 1 is made of the same material as the roof material 3 and is provided with attachment means for elastically fitting to the roof material 3 on the left and right side edges.
[0018]
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the functional material 6 that is a negative ion generating building material is installed between the lower flanges 13 and 13 of the structural material 1. Since the mounting portions 22a and 22b of the ceiling materials 2a and 2b are placed on the lower flange 13 as described above, when the functional material 6 is installed (placed) thereon, the ceiling materials 2a and 2b The attachment portions 22a and 22b are supported in a sandwiched manner from above and below. Furthermore, the heat insulating material 7 was arrange | positioned so that the upper half of the structural material 1 might be covered above the functional material 6 (roof side).
[0019]
The functional material 6 used in the embodiment of FIG. 1 has a structure in which a negative ion generating function for emitting negative ions to the indoor side and a far-infrared radiation function for emitting far-infrared radiation are added to the building material. The negative ions and far infrared rays generated from the functional material 6 are emitted and emitted from the plurality of holes 211 formed in the ceiling material 2 to the indoor side.
Specifically, water-based paint (New Year's Futec Co., Ltd., Furecoat FX) containing a copolymer emulsion of acrylic acid as a main component, powdered carbon fiber (Tosca Co., Ltd., Toray Industries, Inc.) as a conductive material, and 100 parts by weight of water-based paint. 10 parts by weight of garnet and 10 wt. Of mixed fine powder (average particle size 5 μm) consisting of 5 wt.% Garnet and 95 wt.% Exciter composed of oxides of minerals such as zirconium, barium, lanthanum, cerium and neodymium. A liquid composition prepared by adding a part and mixing thoroughly was coated on New Year's Day board 40 mm (wooden cement board) made by New Year Beauty Industry Co., Ltd. and dried sufficiently.
In addition, the functional material 6 is a plate-like molded body having one or more characteristics selected from heat insulation, sound absorption, sound insulation, fireproof and fireproof, and is made of a mat or board made of glass wool, foamed resin or the like. A heat insulating material, a sound absorbing material, a fireproofing material, or various materials can be used, which may be a single material or a laminate of different materials, and may be hard or soft, and its thickness What is necessary is just to set suitably about.
[0020]
The heat insulating material 7 used in the embodiment of FIG. 1 is made of a water-impermeable material, and has a ridge portion 71 and flat portions 72 on left and right side edges, and is made of a water-impermeable single member. Although a thing is desirable, if the surface layer is a water-impermeable material, a configuration in which other materials are laminated on the back surface side (inner side) may be used. As the heat insulating material 7 made of a non-permeable single member, a known non-permeable material mainly made of a foamed (closed foam) resin such as relatively hard foamed polystyrene or foamed polyurethane can be used. For example, a non-water-permeable foamed resin material may be laminated on the front surface side, and a foamed (continuous foamed) resin material capable of absorbing (holding water) may be laminated on the back surface side (indoor side).
And the side edge of the adjacent roof materials 3 and 3 on the peak portion 71 of the heat insulating material 7, and the side of the heat insulating materials 7 and 7 adjacent to the rear surface (lower surface) of the valley portion (planar portion 31) of the roof material 3 The edges (connection portions) were laid and positioned. Therefore, the side edge of the roofing material 3 and the side edge of the heat insulating material 7 are arranged at positions shifted in the vertical direction. Even if rainwater enters from the side edge of the roofing material 3, the intruding water is not in the heat insulating material 7. It does not reach the side edge and does not go around to the back side (lower side) of the heat insulating material 7. Moreover, since it is not the structure which constructs | assembles a roofing material twice and interposes a heat insulating material between an inner side and an outer side roofing material, it is economically excellent.
Further, a drainage groove 73 is formed on the front surface side of the heat insulating material 7 in the illustrated embodiment so as to prevent water from flowing from the side edge to the back surface (lower surface). Further, since the adjacent heat insulating materials 7 and 7 can be polymerized, a polymerized part 721 and a polymerized part 722 are provided, and a space part 723 for drainage is formed in a polymerized part obtained by polymerizing these parts. The drainage groove 73 and the space portion 723 exhibit extremely high rain performance, and rainwater does not reach the back surface side (lower surface side = indoor side) of the heat insulating material 7.
[0021]
Although not shown, a plurality of wires, T-joiners, steel bars, flat bars, etc. are arranged at appropriate intervals on the lower surface (indoor side) and / or the upper surface (roof side) of the functional material 6 as receiving materials. Or by arranging a wire mesh, punching metal, mesh (drop prevention net), etc., or using them in combination, the functional material 6 and the heat insulating material 7 can be prevented from being bent, deformed, dropped or the like. May be.
[0022]
In the ceiling / roof structure of FIG. 1 composed of such members, after the structural material 1 is disposed at an appropriate interval, the ceiling material 2 and the functional material 6 are attached to the lower flange 13 of the structural material 1. The heat insulating metal fitting 41 is fixed to the upper flange 12 of the structural material 1, the heat insulating material 7 is arranged, the receiving material 42 is attached to the heat insulating metal fitting 41, the roof material 3 is laid, and the cover material 5 is attached. . And since the roof construction and the ceiling laying work can be carried out together, the construction period can be shortened.
In addition, since the structural material 1 is used as a member for both roof and ceiling and does not require a separate member for constructing a ceiling on the back side (indoor side) of the roof structure as in the past, the number of members compared to the conventional one There are few, and member cost and member management are easy.
In addition, since a large number of holes 211 are formed in the decorative portion 21 of the ceiling material 2, it has excellent sound absorption performance, and negative ion generating building materials, far-infrared radiation materials, etc. are arranged on the back surface (indoor side). In this case, it can be supplied indoors without disturbing the emission and radiation.
[0023]
In particular, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, since the symmetrical ceiling materials 2a and 2b are used, there is no possibility of causing a mistake in the arrangement direction.
In addition, since the air-permeable sheet material 23 is attached to the back side (outdoor side) of the decorative surface, the functional material 6 disposed on the outdoor side of the ceiling material 2 cannot be seen from the indoor side through the hole 211 ( In addition, wood dust or dust generated from the functional material 6 does not fall into the room through the hole 211.
[0024]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the embodiment of FIG. 1 is used except that a ceiling material 2c having a corner-shaped decorative portion 21c and a ceiling material 2b having a flat decorative portion 21b are alternately combined. Therefore, the same reference numerals are attached to the drawings and the description thereof is omitted.
[0025]
Each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 shows a variation of the ceiling design. In FIG. 3, only one kind of ceiling material 2d having a curved decorative portion 21d is used, and in FIG. Only one type of ceiling material 2e having 21e is used, and in FIG. 5, two types of ceiling material 2f having corner mountain-shaped decorative portions 21f and ceiling material 2g having corner valley-shaped decorative portions 21g are used in combination. The tapered surfaces formed on the decorative portions 21f and 21g are formed and connected as if the ridges are continuous. Therefore, in FIG. 3, a decorative surface having a design in which curved surfaces are connected is formed, in FIG. 4, a decorative surface having a design with a short interval (zigzag) shape is formed, and in FIG. A decorative surface having a (zigzag) design is formed. As described above, the decorative design may be formed from one type of ceiling material, or may be created by combining two types (or three or more types) of different shapes. A design can be obtained.
Further, the mounting portions 22d to 22g of the ceiling materials 2d to 2g are all along the lower surface of the lower flange 13 of the structural material 1, and the tip thereof is folded back (altered) along the upper surface of the lower flange 13. Since the structural material 1 cannot be completely seen from the indoor side, the design of the ceiling is further improved.
Other than the above, the embodiment is substantially the same as the embodiment of FIG.
[0026]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, only one type of ceiling material 2 h having a square-shaped decorative portion 21 h is used, but the direction in which the square-shaped decorative surface is formed is the length direction of the structural material 1 ( It was installed in a direction (the front-rear direction in the drawing) orthogonal to the left-right direction in the drawing. That is, in this embodiment, since the structural material 1 is laid in a lateral direction perpendicular to the roof inclination, the direction in which the square-wave decorative surface is formed is a direction along the roof inclination. Thus, when an angular wave-shaped decorative surface (similarly when a curved decorative surface is formed) is formed in a direction intersecting with the length direction of the structural material 1, the strength can be improved, and a function is provided immediately above it. Even if the sex material 6 is placed, this can be supported.
Further, in this embodiment, the water flow member 43 and the hanging member 44 are fixed to the upper flange 12 of the structural material 1 via a base material 7 ′ such as a wood cement board by a fixing tool 45. A roofing material 3 ′, which is a vertical covering material, is attached to the rear side, and a heat insulating material (back-up material) 7 ″ is arranged on the back side (lower side), and further covers between adjacent roofing materials 3 ′ and 3 ′. A cover material 5 'is attached.
[0027]
Each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 shows a variation in the method of attaching the ceiling material 2, and in FIG. 7, the asymmetrical (unusually shaped) attachment portions 22 ia are provided at the left and right side edges of the flat decorative portion 21 i. The ceiling member 2i formed with 22ib is used, and one mounting portion 22ia is formed with a cover portion that visually hides the lower flange 13 of the structural material 1 from the indoor side, and a horizontal piece that is folded back is provided below. The other mounting portion 22ib is mounted on the flange 13, and the horizontal piece obtained by folding the side end of the flat decorative portion 21i upward and extending it outward is placed on the lower flange 13. Placed and screwed.
In FIG. 8, a ceiling material 2j having attachment portions 22j formed on the left and right side ends of the curved decorative portion 21j is used, and the attachment portion 22j is formed with an engagement piece folded back inward and downward at the upper end of the vertical piece. Then, the engaging piece is inserted from the gap of the rising portion 11 of the structural member 1 and is attached to the opening 111 by being locked (latched).
[0028]
Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiments of the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be implemented in any way as long as the configuration described in the claims is not changed. Can do.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the ceiling / roof structure of the present invention can perform both roof construction and ceiling laying work, and therefore can shorten the work period.
In addition, since the structural material is used as a member for both the roof and the ceiling, and a member for constructing a ceiling separately on the back side (indoor side) of the roof structure is not required as in the past, the number of members is larger than the conventional one. There are few, and member cost and member management are easy.
[0030]
In particular, when a breathable material is attached to the back surface (outdoor side) of the ceiling material, functional materials placed on the outdoor side of the ceiling material cannot be seen through the hole from the indoor side (blindfolded), and functional materials, etc. It is possible to prevent debris such as wood wool and dust generated from the water from falling into the room through the hole.
[0031]
In addition, when a functional material having one or more characteristics selected from the generation of negative ions, heat insulation, sound absorption, sound insulation, and fireproofing is installed between the lower flanges of adjacent structural materials, various characteristics of the functional material are provided. In addition to acting on the indoor side, in the aspect in which the ceiling material mounting portion is placed on the lower flange, the function material is also suppressed by the edge of the functional material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view showing a part of an embodiment of a ceiling / roof structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a part of another embodiment of the ceiling / roof structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view showing a part of another embodiment of the ceiling / roof structure of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view showing a part of another embodiment of the ceiling / roof structure of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing another embodiment of the ceiling / roof structure of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing another embodiment of the ceiling / roof structure of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged front view showing a part of another embodiment of the ceiling / roof structure of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged front view showing a part of another embodiment of the ceiling / roof structure of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Structural material 11 Standing part 111 Opening part 12 Upper flange 13 Lower flange 2 Ceiling material 21 Cosmetic part 22 Mounting part 3 Roof material 5 Cover material 6 Functional material

Claims (2)

A structural material comprising a rising portion, an upper flange formed at the upper end of the rising portion, and a lower flange formed at the lower end is disposed, and the roof material is directly or via a support member on the upper flange of the structural material. A functional material having one or more characteristics selected from the generation of negative ions, heat insulation, sound absorption, sound insulation and fireproofing is installed between the lower flanges of adjacent structural materials. On the inside, a flat decorative part having a plurality of holes between adjacent structural members and a cover that visually hides the lower flange of the structural member from the indoor side are formed. A ceiling material provided with one attachment portion placed on the flange and the other attachment portion which is a horizontal piece formed by folding the side end of the decorative portion upward and extending it outward is formed. Ceiling characterized by Root structure. The ceiling / roof structure according to claim 1, wherein a ventilation material is attached to the back surface of the ceiling material.

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