JP4116344B2 - Suction car - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a suction wheel that sucks and collects industrial waste such as sludge, earth and sand, and waste liquid, and other collection objects.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a suction wheel includes a hopper and a suction mechanism mounted on a traveling vehicle body for sucking and collecting industrial waste such as sludge, earth and sand, and waste liquid, and other objects to be collected. FIG. 3 schematically shows an example of a suction recovery mechanism in a conventional suction wheel. As shown in the figure, a cyclone dust collector 104 is connected to a hopper (tank) 102 for collecting industrial waste such as sludge. Further, for example, a roots blower type vacuum pump (hereinafter referred to as a blower) 110 for setting the inside of the hopper 102 to a vacuum state is connected to the cyclone dust collector 104 through a four-way valve 108. Further, on the downstream side of the blower 110, a silencing water tank (silencer) 114 for removing dust and silencing the air flowing through the blower 110 is provided. The water tank 114 is connected to the exhaust pipe 120 via the four-way valve 108. It is connected to the.
[0003]
The four-way valve 108 is commonly provided between the cyclone dust collector 104 and the blower 110 and between the water tank 114 and the exhaust pipe 120, and the valve body rotates while sliding in contact with the inner surface of the valve housing. It is a sliding valve that switches the flow path. Specifically, the four-way valve 108 is a suction position (a position indicated by a solid line in the drawing) where the suction force of the blower 110 is applied to the hopper 102 and a discharge position (a position where the suction force of the blower 110 is applied to the outside air through the exhaust pipe 120). The position can be switched between a dash-dot line position in the figure and a neutral position (a broken line position in the figure).
[0004]
Therefore, in such a configuration, when the blower 110 is driven in a state where the four-way valve 108 is switched to the suction position (solid line position in the figure), the suction force of the blower 110 acts on the hopper 102 and The collection object can be sucked through the suction pipe 100 provided. Of the collection object sucked from the suction tube 100, most of the solid matter having a large specific gravity (approximately 100% of water or wet matter) is stored in the hopper 102 or the cyclone dust collector 104. Specifically, solids or the like having a large specific gravity are stored in the hopper 102, and dust and the like that are collected with a low dry specific gravity and cannot be captured by the hopper 102 are captured by the cyclone dust collector 104. Is done. After that, the air removed by the cyclone dust collector 104 is introduced into the blower 110 by the suction force of the blower 110, and then a small amount of extremely fine dust is captured by the silencer 114 and is silenced by the water tank of the silencer 114. It is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 120 as clean air. In FIG. 3, the direction of air flow during the suction operation is indicated by arrows.
[0005]
On the other hand, when the blower 110 is driven in a state where the four-way valve 108 is switched to the discharge position (the position of the one-dot chain line in the drawing), outside air is sucked into the blower 110 through the exhaust pipe 120. Then, the sucked outside air is sent into the hopper 102 through the water tank 114 and the cyclone dust collector 104, and unnecessary sewage accumulated in the hopper 102 can be discharged from the hopper 102.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, a small amount of dust is contained in the air flowing through the cyclone dust collector 104 to the blower 110 during the suction operation. As described above, such a small amount of dust passes through the four-way valve 108 and is captured by the silencer 114. However, particularly when sucking dust, it can be completely collected by the cyclone dust collector 104. There is a case where the dust that has not adhered adheres to the sliding surface of the four-way valve 108 (the sliding contact portion between the valve body and the inner surface of the valve housing) and the valve switching operation of the four-way valve 108 cannot be performed smoothly. is there. In particular, if dust adheres to the sliding portion of the four-way valve 108 and hardens, the switching operation of the four-way valve 108 becomes heavy, and in the worst case, the valve switching operation may be disabled.
[0007]
The present invention has been made paying attention to the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a suction wheel that can prevent dust from adhering to the four-way valve and always ensure a smooth switching operation of the four-way valve. It is in.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the problem, a suction wheel according to the present invention includes a hopper mounted on a vehicle body for sucking and collecting an object to be collected, a dust collector for cleaning dirty air flowing from the hopper, and the hopper A blower that sets the inside to a vacuum state, a silencer as a water tank that removes and silences the air flowing through the blower, and is connected to the silencer for exhausting the air introduced into the silencer to the outside It is interposed between the exhaust pipe, the dust collector and the blower, and between the silencer and the exhaust pipe, and the valve body rotates while sliding on the inner surface of the valve housing, so that four flow paths are formed. A four-way valve for switching, and a cleaning means for cleaning the adhering matter adhering to the sliding surface of the four-way valve, the cleaning means using the water in the silencer as cleaning water and the cycle valve and the cycle Characterized in that it comprises a cleaning conduit to flow in a flow path between the emission dust collector.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0010]
FIG. 1 shows a suction wheel 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the suction wheel 1 has a hopper (tank) 2 that is disposed at the rear part of the traveling vehicle body 17 and collects industrial waste such as sludge. A suction mechanism 50 is provided between the cab (operating cab) 22 and the hopper 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the suction mechanism 50 includes a cyclone dust collector 12 that cleans dirty air flowing from the hopper 2 and a blower (for example, a roots blower) that sets a vacuum state in the hopper 2. ) 10 and a silencing water tank (silencer) 14 that performs dust removal and silencing of the air flowing through the blower 10. An exhaust pipe 34 is connected to the top of the silencer 14. The cyclone dust collector 12 is disposed adjacent to the hopper 2 on one side of the hopper 2 along the width direction of the traveling vehicle body 17.
[0011]
One end of the first intake pipe 29 is connected to the ceiling portion of the hopper 2, and the other end of the first intake pipe 29 is connected to the cyclone dust collector 12. Further, the cyclone dust collector 12 is connected to the air inlet 10 a of the blower 10 through the second air intake pipe 30. Furthermore, the silencer 14 is connected to the discharge port 10 b of the blower 10 via the connection pipe 32.
[0012]
The rear hatch (rear opening) of the hopper 2 is provided with a door portion 6 that can be opened and closed. The door part 6 is attached to the rear hatch of the hopper 2 so as to be turnable about the turning shaft 23. Specifically, a bracket 24 fixed to the upper portion of the door portion 6 is rotatably attached to a turning shaft 23 fixedly supported near the rear hatch of the hopper 2.
[0013]
Rod portions of hydraulic cylinders 20 and 20 for opening and closing the doors fixed to the left and right side walls of the hopper 2 are fixed to the brackets 21 and 21 fixed to both sides of the door portion 6, respectively. Therefore, if the rod portions of the door opening / closing cylinders 20 and 20 are expanded and contracted, the door portion 6 can be turned around the turning shaft 23.
[0014]
A suction pipe 60 is provided in the lower center of the door portion 6. The suction pipe 60 extends through the door portion 6, and has one end projecting into the hopper 2 and an open / close valve at the other end projecting outward. In this case, one end side of the suction pipe 60 protruding into the hopper 2 extends to the upper side of the hopper 2 so as to obtain a strong suction force and the suction is not hindered by deposits in the hopper 2. An operation panel 70 on which various operation switches for controlling the operation of the suction mechanism 50 and the like are provided on the side portion of the suction wheel 1 is provided.
[0015]
As clearly shown in FIG. 2, a common four-way valve 40 is interposed between the second suction pipe 30 and the exhaust pipe 34. The four-way valve 40 includes a valve housing 40a having four ports, and a valve body 40b that can rotate around one axis within the valve housing 40a. Further, each port of the four-way valve 40 has a first pipe part 34a of the exhaust pipe 34 connected to the silencer 14, a second pipe part 34b of the exhaust pipe 34 that opens to the outside air, and a cyclone collector. The first tube portion 30a of the second suction tube 30 connected to the duster 12 and the second tube portion 30b of the second suction tube 30 connected to the blower 10 are connected. The four-way valve 40 switches the air flow through the four pipe portions 30a, 30b, 34a, and 34b as the valve body 40b rotates while slidingly contacting the inner surface of the valve housing 40a. Specifically, the four-way valve 40 has a suction position where the suction force of the blower 10 is applied to the hopper 2 (the position indicated by a solid line in the figure), and a discharge position where the suction force of the blower 10 is applied to the outside air through the exhaust pipe 34 ( The position can be switched between a dash-dot line position in the figure and a neutral position (a broken line position in the figure).
[0016]
Further, the suction mechanism 50 in the present embodiment has a cleaning means for cleaning dust or the like adhering to the sliding surface of the four-way valve 40 (the sliding contact portion between the valve body 40b and the inner surface of the valve housing 40a). Is provided. Specifically, the cleaning means connects the silencer 14 and the first pipe portion 30a of the second suction pipe 30 and uses the water in the silencer 14 as cleaning water, and the four-way valve 40 and the cyclone dust collector 12 For adjusting the flow rate of the cleaning water to be supplied to the first pipe portion 30a through the cleaning pipe 52 and inserted in the middle of the cleaning pipe 52 And a filter 54 that is inserted in the middle of the cleaning conduit 52 and that filters water from the silencer 14. In addition, an operation unit for controlling the valve opening degree of the adjustment valve 56 is provided on the operation panel 70 (see FIG. 1) so that the operator can easily operate the adjustment valve 56.
[0017]
Next, the operation of the suction wheel 1 having the above configuration will be described.
[0018]
First, when the blower 10 is driven in a state where the four-way valve 40 is switched to the suction position (the position of the solid line in the drawing), the suction force of the blower 10 acts on the hopper 2, and the suction pipe 60 provided in the hopper 2. The collection object can be sucked through. Of the collection object sucked from the suction pipe 60, most of the solid matter or the like having a large specific gravity (approximately 100% of water or wet matter) is stored in the hopper 2 or the cyclone dust collector 12. Specifically, solids or the like having a large specific gravity are stored in the hopper 2, and dust and the like that are collected with a low dry specific gravity and cannot be captured by the hopper 2 are captured by the cyclone dust collector 12. Is done. Thereafter, the air removed by the cyclone dust collector 12 is introduced into the blower 10 by the suction force of the blower 10, and then a small amount of extremely fine dust is captured by the silencer 14 and silenced by the water tank of the silencer 14. It is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 34 as clean air. In FIG. 2, the air flow direction during the suction operation is indicated by arrows.
[0019]
Further, during such a suction operation, the water in the silencer 14 is sucked through the cleaning conduit 52 by the suction force of the blower 10 (negative pressure action in the conduit formed by the suction force) and adjusted. It is introduced into the first pipe portion 30 a of the second suction pipe 30 at a flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the valve 56. The washing water introduced into the first pipe portion 30a is atomized by the suction action of the blower 10 and flows to the four-way valve 40 (the flow direction is indicated by a broken arrow in the figure). ), The sliding surface of the four-way valve 40 (the sliding contact portion between the valve body 40b and the inner surface of the valve housing 40a) is washed back into the silencer 14 again. When dust or the like adheres to the sliding surface of the four-way valve 40, the dust or the like is washed away by the washing water and then moved into the silencer 14 through the blower 10.
[0020]
On the other hand, when the blower 10 is driven in a state where the four-way valve 40 is switched to the discharge position (the position of the one-dot chain line in the drawing), outside air is sucked into the blower 10 through the exhaust pipe 34. The sucked outside air is sent into the hopper 2 through the silencer 14 and the cyclone dust collector 12, and unnecessary sewage accumulated in the hopper 2 can be discharged from the hopper 2.
[0021]
As described above, the suction wheel 1 according to the present embodiment includes the cleaning unit for cleaning the deposits attached to the sliding surface of the four-way valve 40. Therefore, even if dust that cannot be collected by the cyclone dust collector 12 adheres to the sliding surface of the four-way valve 40, it can be easily removed by the cleaning means. Therefore, the smooth switching operation of the four-way valve 40 can always be ensured.
[0022]
In particular, in the present embodiment, the cleaning means includes a cleaning pipe 52 that flows the water in the silencer 14 into the flow path between the four-way valve 40 and the cyclone dust collector 12 as cleaning water. In addition, since the water in the silencer 14 is effectively used, an increase in installation space due to the addition of cleaning means can be significantly suppressed, and water circulation for returning the cleaning water supplied to the four-way valve 40 back to the silencer 14 can be performed. As a result, since a certain amount of washing water is always secured, replenishment of washing water is not necessary, and running costs can be greatly reduced.
[0023]
Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the cleaning pipe 52 is connected to the first pipe 30a of the second suction pipe 30 between the four-way valve 40 and the cyclone dust collector 12, and the first pipe The washing water is allowed to flow to the four-way valve 40 through the passage 30a, but the washing pipe 52 is connected to the four-way valve 40 itself, and the washing water is directly supplied to the four-way valve 40 from the washing pipe 52. You may do it. Further, the opening direction of the cleaning pipeline 52 with respect to the first pipeline 30a (introduction direction of the cleaning water) is not limited to the direction shown in FIG. 2, and can be set to an arbitrary direction. Further, a water tank separate from the silencer 14 may be provided, and cleaning water may be supplied from the water tank to the four-way valve 40 through the cleaning pipe 52.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the suction wheel of the present invention, dust can be prevented from sticking to the four-way valve, and a smooth switching operation of the four-way valve can always be ensured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A is a plan view of a suction wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1B is a side view of the suction wheel of FIG. 1A, and FIG. 1C is a rear view of the suction wheel of FIG. is there.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a suction recovery mechanism in the suction wheel of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a suction recovery mechanism in a conventional suction wheel.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Suction wheel 2 ... Hopper 10 ... Blower 12 ... Dust collector 14 ... Silencer 34 ... Exhaust pipe 40 ... Four-way valve 40a ... Valve housing 40b ... Valve body 52 ... Cleaning line

Claims (1)

A hopper mounted on the vehicle body for sucking and collecting the object to be collected;
A dust collector for cleaning dirty air flowing from the hopper;
A blower for setting the inside of the hopper to a vacuum state;
A silencer as a water tank that removes and silences air flowing through the blower;
An exhaust pipe connected to the silencer for exhausting the air introduced into the silencer to the outside;
A four-way valve which is interposed between the dust collector and the blower and between the silencer and the exhaust pipe and which switches four flow paths by rotating while the valve body is in sliding contact with the inner surface of the valve housing; ,
Cleaning means for cleaning the deposits adhering to the sliding surface of the four-way valve;
With
2. The suction wheel according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning means includes a cleaning conduit that uses the water in the silencer as cleaning water to flow in a flow path between the four-way valve and the cyclone dust collector.

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