JP4234813B2 - Hopper dump mechanism - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hopper dump mechanism for raising and lowering a hopper attached to a vehicle body so as to be able to rise and fall in order to suck and collect industrial waste such as sludge, earth and sand, and waste liquid and other objects to be collected.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A hopper for sucking and collecting industrial waste such as sludge, earth and sand, and waste liquid and other objects to be collected is mounted on a suction vehicle, a cleaning vehicle, an agricultural work vehicle, or the like. Such a hopper is attached to the vehicle body so that it can be raised and lowered, and is raised and lowered by a hopper dump mechanism.
[0003]
In FIG. 7, as an example of a vehicle equipped with a hopper and a hopper dump mechanism, suction for collecting industrial waste such as sludge, earth and sand, and waste liquid generated at construction work sites and sewage treatment plants and transporting them to a predetermined treatment plant A car 100 is shown.
[0004]
As shown in the figure, the suction wheel 100 includes a hopper (tank) 102 for collecting industrial waste such as sludge, a suction mechanism unit 104 for setting the inside of the hopper 102 to a vacuum state by a blower, and the like. And an openable / closable door 106 that closes the rear hatch (rear opening). In addition, the suction mechanism unit 104 takes in the intake air contaminated with sludge, earth and sand, waste liquid, dust and the like during suction from the hopper 102 through the intake pipe 103 and converts it into a clean gas, and then exhausts it through the exhaust pipe 105.
[0005]
By the way, the industrial waste collected in the hopper 102 is discharged to a predetermined disposal area of the treatment plant through the open door portion 106 by performing a dumping operation for raising the hopper 102 toward the rear side. . The dumping operation for raising the hopper 102 toward the rear side is generally performed by a hydraulically operated dump cylinder.
[0006]
FIG. 8 shows an example of a hopper dump mechanism. As shown in FIG. 8A, the hopper 102 is rotatably attached to the rear portion of the vehicle body frame 130 via a support shaft 125, and the dump cylinder 120 for raising and lowering the hopper 102 is connected to the hopper 102. It is installed between the vehicle body frame 130. In this case, one dump cylinder 120 is provided on each side of the hopper 102, one end of which is rotatably attached to the vehicle body frame 130, and the other end (rod end) is rotatable on the side surface of the hopper 102. And extends obliquely upward toward the rear side at a relatively large angle with respect to the vehicle body frame 130. Accordingly, when the rod of the dump cylinder 120 is extended, the hopper 102 can be raised (rotated) around the support shaft 125 as shown in FIG. 8B.
[0007]
FIG. 9 shows another example of the hopper dump mechanism. As shown in FIG. 9A, at least one dump cylinder 120 is provided below the hopper 102, and one end of the dump cylinder 120 is rotatably attached to the vehicle body frame 130, and the other end (rod end). Is rotatably attached to the bottom of the hopper 102 and extends obliquely upward toward the front side at an angle that is substantially horizontal. Also in this case, when the rod of the dump cylinder 120 is extended, the hopper 102 can be raised (rotated) rearward about the support shaft 125 as shown in FIG. 9B.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As in the hopper dump mechanism shown in FIG. 8, the end of the rod of the dump cylinder 120 is attached to the side surface of the hopper 102, and the dump cylinder 120 extends obliquely upward at a relatively large angle with respect to the vehicle body frame 130. In this case, since the extension direction of the rod of the dump cylinder 120 and the rotation direction of the hopper 102 around the support shaft 125 are substantially in the same direction, the force accompanying the extension operation of the rod rotates the hopper 102. The hopper 102 can be undulated relatively smoothly and quickly.
[0009]
However, since the length of the dump cylinder 120 is relatively long, a hydraulic pump having a relatively large capacity is required to drive the dump cylinder 120, resulting in an increase in cost and weight. In addition, since the dump cylinders 120 are arranged on both sides of the hopper 102, it becomes impossible to attach other devices to the space on both sides of the hopper 102, and the degree of freedom of arrangement of the devices on the body frame 130 is restricted. It becomes.
[0010]
On the other hand, in the hopper dump mechanism shown in FIG. 9, since the dump cylinder 120 is disposed at the bottom of the hopper 102, the space on both sides of the hopper 102 can be used for installation of other devices. Therefore, the degree of freedom of arrangement of devices on the body frame 130 is increased. Moreover, since the length of the dump cylinder 120 can be set short, the capacity of the hydraulic pump can be kept relatively small.
[0011]
However, in the hopper dump mechanism shown in FIG. 9, the dump cylinder 120 extends obliquely upward at an angle that is substantially horizontal. Therefore, in the initial stage of extending the rod of the dump cylinder 120 (the stage where the raising angle of the hopper 102 is small), the hopper raising torque due to the cylinder force in the rod extending direction is small (the length of the moment arm is short). It does not act effectively in the direction in which the hopper 102 is rotated, and the hopper 102 cannot be rotated quickly. That is, at the initial stage of extending the rod, the force of the dump cylinder 120 is insufficient, and a quick dump operation cannot be performed. For this reason, it is conceivable to increase the diameter of the dump cylinder 120 so that a large force capable of quickly rotating the hopper 102 is generated in the initial stage of extending the rod. Not only does the capacity increase, but also the amount of oil absorbed by the dump cylinder 120 increases, so that there is a drawback in that the rod extending operation is delayed in all steps of the dumping operation, resulting in a slower dumping speed.
[0012]
The present invention has been made paying attention to the above circumstances, and its object is to increase the diameter and length of the dump cylinder without restricting the degree of freedom of arrangement of equipment on the body frame. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hopper dump mechanism that can quickly perform a hopper dumping operation.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides a hopper dumping mechanism for raising and lowering a hopper attached to a vehicle body so as to be able to be raised and lowered in order to suck and collect an object to be collected.
A dump cylinder, which is provided between the vehicle body and the hopper, is arranged between the vehicle body and the hopper, and is disposed between the vehicle body and the hopper. The assist cylinder is pivotally mounted, the other end can be brought into contact with the hopper, and the rod is extended to assist the raising operation of the hopper by the dump cylinder, and between the other end of the assist cylinder and the vehicle body. One end is pivotally attached to the vehicle body side, the other end is pivotally attached to the other end of the assist cylinder, and the other end of the assist cylinder that extends and contracts is supported to guide the assist cylinder. is is a link, comprising a dump cylinder, under the assistance of the assist cylinder, a hopper from the laid posture to a predetermined elevation angular position raising , Then, without the assist cylinder auxiliary, characterized in that for raising the hopper to a maximum elevation position.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a suction wheel 1 having a hopper dump mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the suction wheel 1 has a cylindrical hopper (tank) 2 that is disposed at the rear of the traveling vehicle body 17 and collects industrial waste such as sludge. A hose reel 18 for storing the work hose in a reel shape is disposed on the rear side of the cab (operating room) 22. Between the hose reel 18 and the hopper 2, a blower 10 that sets the inside of the hopper 2 to a vacuum state and a silencer 14 that silences the air flowing through the blower 10 are provided. An exhaust pipe 34 is connected to the top of the silencer 14.
[0015]
A separator (water filter) 12 that cleans dirty air flowing from the hopper 2 is disposed adjacent to the hopper 2 on one side of the hopper 2 along the width direction of the traveling vehicle body 17. Further, on the other side of the hopper 2 along the width direction of the traveling vehicle body 17, a water tank 16 in which cooling water for cooling the blower 10 and water for car washing are stored and a tool storage unit 25 are provided in the hopper 2. It is arranged adjacent to. In this case, the water tank 16 is connected to the blower 10 side via a pipe line (not shown).
[0016]
One end of the intake pipe 29 is connected to the ceiling portion of the hopper 2, and the other end of the intake pipe 29 is connected to the separator 12. A load release valve 19 is provided in the middle of the intake pipe 29. In addition, the first connection pipe 30 connected to the separator 12, the second connection pipe 31 connected to the upper part of the blower 10, the third connection pipe 32 connected to the lower part of the blower 10, and the silencer 14 The fourth connection pipe 33 connected to the four-way valve 40 is connected to the four-way valve 40, and the connection state of the connection pipes 30 to 33 can be changed by the valve switching of the four-way valve 40.
[0017]
The rear hatch (rear opening) of the hopper 2 is provided with a door portion 6 that can be opened and closed. The door part 6 is attached to the rear hatch of the hopper 2 so as to be turnable about the turning shaft 23. Specifically, a bracket 24 fixed to the upper portion of the door portion 6 is rotatably attached to a turning shaft 23 fixedly supported near the rear hatch of the hopper 2.
[0018]
Rod portions of door opening / closing hydraulic cylinders (hereinafter referred to as door opening / closing cylinders) 20 and 20 fixed to the left and right side walls of the hopper 2 are respectively fixed to the brackets 21 and 21 fixed to both sides of the door portion 6. ing. Therefore, if the rod portions of the door opening / closing cylinders 20 and 20 are expanded and contracted, the door portion 6 can be turned around the turning shaft 23. In this embodiment, when the rod portions of the door opening / closing cylinders 20 and 20 are extended, the door portion 6 is opened, and when the rod portions of the door opening / closing cylinders 20 and 20 are contracted, the door portion 6 is closed. Further, hydraulic cylinders (hereinafter referred to as chuck cylinders) 45 and 45 for locking the closed state of the rear hatch of the hopper 2 by the door portion 6 are fixed to both side walls of the rear portion of the hopper 2.
[0019]
A suction pipe 60 is provided in the lower center of the door portion 6. The suction pipe 60 extends through the door portion 6, and has one end projecting into the hopper 2 and an open / close valve at the other end projecting outward. In this case, one end side of the suction pipe 60 protruding into the hopper 2 extends to the upper side of the hopper 2 so as to obtain a strong suction force and the suction is not hindered by deposits in the hopper 2. Further, the door portion 6 is provided with two discharge pipes 62 and 63 positioned above and below each other. The discharge pipes 62 and 63 also extend through the door portion 6 and protrude into the hopper 2.
[0020]
As shown in detail in FIG. 2, a dump hydraulic cylinder (hereinafter referred to as a dump cylinder) 50 is installed between the bottom of the hopper 2 and the vehicle body 17, and a rod portion 50 a of the dump cylinder 50 is attached to the dump cylinder 50. By extending, the hopper 2 can be raised toward the rear side. Thereby, the dumping operation | movement which discharges | emits the deposit in the hopper 2 through the door part 6 of an open state can be performed.
[0021]
Specifically, the hopper 2 is rotatably attached to a bracket 74 at the rear portion of the vehicle body frame 17 a of the traveling vehicle body 17 via a support shaft 73. On the other hand, the dump cylinder 50 for raising and lowering the hopper 2 is rotatably attached to the bracket 75 of the vehicle body frame 17a via the support shaft 76 at the base end of the cylinder portion. The tip of the rod portion 50 a of the dump cylinder 50 is rotatably attached to a bracket 77 fixed to the bottom of the hopper 2 via a support shaft 78. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the bracket 77 is arranged at the rear center portion A of the bottom of the hopper 2 so that the pushing force accompanying the extension of the rod portion 50 a of the dump cylinder 50 acts on the center of the bottom of the hopper 2. Is fixed.
[0022]
Further, an assist mechanism that assists the raising operation of the hopper 2 by the dump cylinder 50 is provided between the bottom of the hopper 2 and the vehicle body 17. The assist mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder (hereinafter referred to as an assist cylinder) 80 provided side by side on the side of the dump cylinder 50 and a link 79 that is rotatably connected to the assist cylinder 80. As shown in FIG. 5A, one end of the link 79 is pivotally attached to a bracket 83 fixed to the vehicle body frame 17a via a support shaft 88. The base end of the cylinder portion of the assist cylinder 80 is rotatably attached to the vehicle body frame 17a via a support shaft 89. The other end of the link 79 and the tip of the rod portion 80a of the assist cylinder 80 are connected to each other via a support shaft 82 so as to be rotatable. Further, a roller 81 that is in contact with the bottom surface of the hopper 2 is rotatably attached to the support shaft 82.
[0023]
A contact member 70 having a flat contact surface 70 a that contacts the roller 81 is provided on the bottom surface of the hopper 2. In this case, the contact surface 70 a may be formed by a reinforcing plate that reinforces the contact member 70. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the abutting member 70 can be brought into contact with the roller 81 of the assist mechanism arranged side by side on the side of the dump cylinder 50. It is disposed at a position shifted laterally from A. Specifically, the contact member 70 is positioned and fixed to the bottom surface of the hopper 2 so that the roller 81 can contact the central portion B of the contact surface 70a.
[0024]
The stroke of the rod portion 80a of the assist cylinder 80 is shorter than the stroke of the rod portion 50a of the dump cylinder 50 so that the assist mechanism assists the dump cylinder 50 only in the initial stage of the hopper 2 raising operation. It is set (assist cylinder 80 is formed sufficiently smaller than dump cylinder 50). In particular, in this embodiment, while the vector toward the extension direction of the rod portion 50a of the dump cylinder 50 forms a large angle with respect to the rotation direction of the hopper 2 around the support shaft 73 (the extension of the rod portion 50a). While the force accompanying the operation does not sufficiently act in the direction of rotating the hopper 2... A straight line passing through the pivot support shaft 73 of the hopper 2 and the pivot point (support shaft 78) of the dump cylinder 50 to the hopper 2 and the dump The rod portion 80a of the assist cylinder 80 extends only when the angle formed with the axis line extending in the extending direction of the cylinder 50 is small), and the force accompanying the extending operation of the rod portion 50a sufficiently acts in the direction of rotating the hopper 2. The rod portion 80a of the assist cylinder 80 is set to reach the maximum stroke at the start.
[0025]
A schematic configuration of a hydraulic circuit that supplies pressure oil to the dump cylinder 50 and the assist cylinder 80 is shown in FIG. As illustrated, the first pressure oil supply pipe a is connected to the rod-side chamber of the dump cylinder 50. A second pressure oil supply line b is connected to the head side chamber of the assist cylinder 80. These two pipes a and b are connected to a switching valve (not shown) that controls the oil flow direction. A branch line d that branches from the second pressure oil supply line b via the connection portion c is connected to the head side chamber of the dump cylinder 50. Note that the rod-side chamber of the assist cylinder 80 is connected to the tank T through a connection pipe e.
[0026]
Next, the operation of the hopper dump mechanism according to this embodiment will be described.
When the switching valve provided at a predetermined portion of the vehicle body 17 is operated from the hopper lying down state shown in FIG. 2, pressure is applied from the hydraulic pump (not shown) to the pipe line b (see FIG. 5) via the switching valve. Oil flows in. The pressure oil flows into the head side chamber of the assist cylinder 80 and also flows into the head side chamber of the dump cylinder 50 via the branch pipe d, and extends the rod portions 50a and 80a of the cylinders 50 and 80. This state is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, by the extension operation of the rod portion 50 a of the dump cylinder 50, a pushing force acts on the bottom central portion A (see FIG. 6) of the hopper 2, and the hopper 2 is directed rearward around the support shaft 73. It is turned (raised). Further, the link 79 and the assist cylinder 80 rotate outwardly about the support shafts 88 and 89 by the extension operation of the rod portion 80a of the assist cylinder 80, and the roller 81 attached to the support shaft 82 so as to be rotatable is provided. To rise. The force that raises the roller 71 acts on the bottom of the hopper 2 via the contact member 70 to push it up, and assists the raising operation of the hopper 2 by the dump cylinder 50. That is, in the initial stage of the raising operation shown in FIG. 3, the hopper 2 is rotated toward the rear side about the support shaft 73 by the pushing-up force by the dump cylinder 50 and the auxiliary force by the assist cylinder 80 ( Is launched). Accordingly, the hopper 2 is quickly raised.
[0027]
When the rod portion 80a of the assist cylinder 80 is extended to the maximum stroke, that is, when the force accompanying the extension operation of the rod portion 50a starts to act sufficiently in the direction of rotating the hopper 2, thereafter, only the dump cylinder 50 is used. The raising operation of the hopper 2 is performed. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the contact state between the contact member 70 and the roller 81 is released (the contact member 70 and the roller 81 are separated), and the assist force by the assist cylinder 80 acts on the hopper 2. Disappear. Further, in a state where the rod portion 80a of the assist cylinder 80 extends to the maximum stroke, all of the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump that flows into the pipe line b flows into the head side chamber of the dump cylinder 50. Therefore, the extension operation of the rod portion 50a of the dump cylinder 50 becomes faster, and the dump operation is performed more quickly.
[0028]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the push-up force by the dump cylinder 50 and the auxiliary force by the assist cylinder 80 are only applied while the force accompanying the extension operation of the rod portion 50a does not sufficiently act in the direction of rotating the hopper 2. As a result, the hopper 2 is rotated (raised), and the hopper 2 is raised only by the dump cylinder 50 from the time when the force accompanying the extending operation of the rod portion 50a starts to sufficiently act in the direction of rotating the hopper 2. It has become so. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, even when the dump cylinder 50 extends obliquely upward at a substantially horizontal angle in its contracted state, the rising speed of the hopper 2 is maintained high in all steps of the dump operation. In addition, a quick dumping operation can be realized without increasing the diameter and length of the dump cylinder 50.
[0029]
Further, in the present embodiment, when the force accompanying the extending operation of the rod portion 50a starts to sufficiently act in the direction of rotating the hopper 2, the rod portion 80a of the assist cylinder 80 reaches the maximum stroke, and the force from the hydraulic pump All of the pressure oil flows into the head side chamber of the dump cylinder 50. Therefore, the extension operation of the rod portion 50a of the dump cylinder 50 becomes faster, and the dump operation is performed more quickly.
[0030]
Moreover, in this embodiment, since the dump cylinder 50 is arrange | positioned under the hopper 2, the space of the both sides of the hopper 2 can be utilized for installation of another apparatus. Accordingly, the degree of freedom of arrangement of devices on the body frame 17a is increased. Further, since the length of the dump cylinder 50 can be set short, the capacity of the hydraulic pump can be kept relatively small, which can contribute to cost reduction.
[0031]
Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the number of dump cylinders is one. However, two dump cylinders may be provided, and at least one assist cylinder for assisting these dump cylinders may be provided. In the above embodiment, the suction vehicle is described as an example of the vehicle having the hopper dump mechanism. However, the hopper dump mechanism having the above-described configuration is not limited to the suction vehicle but can be applied to any vehicle such as a cleaning vehicle or an agricultural vehicle. It is.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the hopper dump mechanism of the present invention, the hopper dumping operation is performed without restricting the degree of freedom of arrangement of the equipment on the vehicle body frame and without increasing the diameter and length of the dump cylinder. Can be performed quickly.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A is a plan view of a suction wheel having a hopper dump mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1B is a side view of the suction wheel of FIG. 1A, and FIG. 1C is a suction wheel of FIG. FIG.
2 is a side view schematically showing a hopper dump mechanism of the suction wheel of FIG. 1. FIG.
3 is a side view showing a first operation state of the hopper dump mechanism of FIG. 2. FIG.
4 is a side view showing a second operation state of the hopper dump mechanism of FIG. 2. FIG.
5A is an enlarged side view of an assist mechanism that constitutes the hopper dump mechanism of FIG. 2, and FIG. 5B is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydraulic circuit that supplies pressure oil to the dump cylinder and the assist cylinder.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the bottom of the hopper as viewed from the rear of the vehicle body.
FIG. 7 is a side view of a conventional suction wheel.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing an example of a conventional hopper dump mechanism.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing another example of a conventional hopper dump mechanism.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Suction wheel 2 ... Hopper 17 ... Car body 50 ... Dump cylinder 80 ... Assist cylinder

Claims (3)

In a hopper dumping mechanism for raising and lowering a hopper (2) attached to the vehicle body (17) so as to be able to rise and fall in order to suck and collect the collection object,
A dump cylinder (50) which is provided between the vehicle body (17) and the hopper (2) and raises and lowers the hopper (2) between the lying position and the maximum raised position by extending and contracting the rod (50a);
It is arranged between the vehicle body (17) and the hopper (2) , one end is rotatably attached to the vehicle body (17) side, the other end can contact the hopper (2) , and the rod (80a) An assist cylinder (80) that assists the raising operation of the hopper (2) by the dump cylinder (50) by extending,
Disposed between the other end and the body of the assist cylinder (80) (17), one end pivotally mounted to the vehicle body (17) side and the other end pivotally to the other end of the assist cylinder (80) A link (79) that supports the other end of the assist cylinder (80) that extends and contracts and guides the assist cylinder (80) ,
Comprising
The dump cylinder (50) raises the hopper (2) from the lying position to a predetermined raising angle position with the assistance of the assist cylinder (80), and thereafter without assistance of the assist cylinder (80). A hopper dump mechanism that raises the hopper (2) to the maximum raising position. The support shaft (82) for rotatably mounting the other end of the assist cylinder (80) and the other end of the link (79) is provided with a roller (81) that can contact the bottom surface of the hopper (2). The hopper dump mechanism according to claim 1. The rods (50a, 80a) of the dump cylinder (50) and the assist cylinder (80) are extended by the pressure oil flowing into the common hydraulic line (b),
During the extension operation of the rod (50a) of the dump cylinder (50), the rod (80a) of the assist cylinder (80) reaches the maximum stroke, and at the same time, the pressure oil flowing into the hydraulic line (b) The hopper dump mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein all flows into a head side chamber of the dump cylinder (50).

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