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JP4123771B2 - Wide angle lens - Google Patents
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JP4123771B2 - Wide angle lens - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4123771B2
JP4123771B2 JP2001386082A JP2001386082A JP4123771B2 JP 4123771 B2 JP4123771 B2 JP 4123771B2 JP 2001386082 A JP2001386082 A JP 2001386082A JP 2001386082 A JP2001386082 A JP 2001386082A JP 4123771 B2 JP4123771 B2 JP 4123771B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
lens
spherical aberration
wide
aberration
curvature
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JP2001386082A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003107344A (en
Inventor
亜紀子 本田
慎司 桐畑
孝浩 杉山
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は屋外や屋内に設置するドア監視用カメラ、防犯カメラ、監視用カメラあるいはテレビ電話用カメラなどに用いる広角レンズ、殊に超広角のものに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ドア監視用カメラなどの監視カメラやテレビ電話用カメラなどに用いられる撮像レンズは、解像力の他に撮像エリアが広い超広角タイプの広角レンズが要求される。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来このようなレンズはレンズ枚数が多く、小型化が困難である上に安価に製作することができなかった。
【0004】
また、その用途上、周辺に照明光のない状態で、例えばカメラ搭載の近赤外光によって照明して撮影する場合があるが、可視光のみで設計されたものでは近赤外光照明化での撮影ではぼけが生じる。
【0005】
また特許第2015317号などに2群2枚レンズ構成のものが開示されているが、これらでは第1レンズにメニスカスレンズを用いており、このために小型化する場合、第1レンズの像側の曲率を非常にきつくする必要があって、軸ずれ公差に弱い、製造しにくいなどの問題がある。
【0006】
本発明は上述した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、小型で安価である上に公差が緩くても可視光及び近赤外光において良好な性能を発揮する広角レンズを提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述のような目的を達成するために、請求項1の発明は、物体側から順に負のパワーを有する両凹レンズである第1レンズと、両凸レンズである第2レンズより構成され、少なくとも第1レンズの像側のレンズ面が非球面であり、第1レンズの像側の面の曲率半径をr2、第2レンズの物体側の曲率半径をr3、第2レンズの像側の曲率半径をr4、第1レンズと第2レンズの面間距離をD2、全系の焦点距離をf、第2レンズの焦点距離をf2、第1レンズの焦点距離をf1、第2レンズの焦点距離をf2、第1レンズの像側の面の曲率半径をr2、第1レンズの像側の面における有効半径をh2、第1レンズと第2レンズの面間距離をDとする時、次の条件
1<|r4|/r3<3 (i)
D2<1.5f (ii)
0.7f<f2<1.5f (iii)
0.6D2/f≦|f2/f1|≦2.3D2/f (iv)
0.6h2≦r2≦1.0h2 (v)
を満足することに特徴を有している。
【0008】
第1レンズを両凹レンズとしているために、像側の屈折パワーを物体側へ分配することになり、像側の曲率を弱くすることができるものであり、このために組立公差、特に軸ずれに強いものとなるほか、製造の面でも加工しやすいものである。ただし物体側を凹面とすると、広画角光線の入射角が大きくなり入射パワーの減少傾向があるが、緩い曲率、または平面とすることや、非球面とすることで回避できる。
【0009】
条件式(i)は面間距離D2を短くした場合に第2レンズの屈折パワーを抑える条件式である。下限を越えた場合について、面間距離D2が短くても充分な補正をするためには、第2レンズの像側の曲率r4を非常に強くしなくてはならず、そして曲率を強くすると軸ずれのような組立公差に弱くなってしまう。特に、絞りを第2レンズの後ろに配する場合、レンズ有効径が小さくなり、明るさを確保するために第2レンズを厚くせざるを得なくなって、全長が大きくなることから、望ましくない。一方、上限を越えると第2レンズの物体側の曲率が強くなり、組立公差、特に軸ずれに弱くなる。
【0010】
条件式(ii)は各収差を良好に保ちつつ、小型化を実現する。下限は0.5f<D2程度が良好である。上限を越えると全長が長くなり、望ましくない。
【0012】
上記条件(iii)は、全系のパワー配分を決めるもので、第1レンズと第2レンズの面間距離D2を条件式(ii)の範囲に保つ条件である。特に全系の焦点距離fが小さい場合は、各レンズのパワー増大を抑えるために、f<f2の範囲が良好である。しかし全系の焦点距離fが比較的長い場合、小型化を可能にし、かつ収差補正を適切に行うことができる範囲がf2≦fである。下限を越えると第2レンズの屈折パワーが増大し、収差補正が困難になる。一方上限を越えると面間距離D2を長くせざるを得ず、全長が長くなり望ましくない。
【0014】
また、条件(iv)は、近赤外光を照射した時の性能を良好にするためのものである。一般的に可視光域だけの球面収差補正をしたレンズにおいては、近赤外光についての球面収差が可視光の像点よりもプラス側に大きくずれるが、可視光の像点とのバランスを取るために、可視光の球面収差をやや補正過剰とすることにより、目的の性能を得ている。ここにおいて、凹レンズでは球面収差がオーバーとなり、凸レンズでは球面収差がアンダーになることは周知のことであるが、本発明では第1レンズと第2レンズとの間隔D2が大きくなればなるほど凹レンズで発生した球面収差のオーバー量が強調される。
【0015】
そして、上記条件(iv)において、|f2/f1|の値が0.6D2/fの値よりも小さい時には、球面収差のオーバー量が小さすぎて、可視光域での球面収差は良好であるものの近赤外光での球面収差が大きすぎて著しい性能の低下を招く。逆に|f2/f1|の値が2.3D2/fの値よりも大きい時には、球面収差が補正過剰になりすぎ、結果として性能が悪くなってしまう。
【0016】
さらに条件(v)は、条件(iv)と関連して、球面収差を良好に補正するための条件であって、上述のように球面収差をやや補正過剰とする時、球面収差の中間部と周縁部とのバランスを考えると、球面収差の周縁部が急激に補正過剰になってしまう。この点を良好に保つために、第1レンズの像側の面(第2面)を非球面形状として球面収差の高次の項を閉じ、周縁部の球面収差が急激に補正過剰となることがないようにしている。
【0017】
そして条件(v)において、第2面の曲率半径r2が有効半径h2よりも大きい時には、高次の項の影響が小さすぎて周縁部での球面収差が補正過剰になりすぎるのを補正することが困難となる。また、有効半径h2の0.6倍より小さい時には、周縁部の球面収差の補正には有利であるものの、第2面の曲率半径r2が小さくなりすぎてレンズ加工が困難となってしまう。
【0018】
上記各条件に加えて、
1.0≦D2/f≦1.5 (vi)
を満足するものとしてもよい。この条件は、上記条件(iv)と関連して球面収差の補正を良好にするとともに所要のバックフォーカスを得るためのものである。超広角レンズでは、焦点距離が小さく設定されるために、レンズのバックフォーカスも小さくなってしまうが、このバックフォーカスはある程度の大きさがないと、レンズと結像面との間にフィルターなどを挿入できなくなってしまうほか、結像面の出射角度が大きくなって周辺光量の低下も招いてしまう。
【0019】
そして条件(vi)において、D2/fの値を下限1.0よりも小さくすると、所要のバックフォーカスを得ることができなくなり、上限1.5より大きくするとバックフォーカスを得るためには有利となるものレンズ系が大きくなりすぎて好ましくない。
【0020】
【発明の実施の形態】
CCDなどの撮像素子カメラ用の具体的な実施例を図1に示す。図中11は物体側の第1レンズ、12は像側の第2レンズ、13は第2レンズ2の像側に配置した絞りであり、14はCCDなどの撮像素子のカバーガラス、15はCCDなどの撮像素子の撮像面であり、この広角レンズは図からも明らかなように、両凹レンズである第1レンズ11と、正のパワーを有する両凸レンズである第2レンズ12より構成されている。
【0021】
また図1の例の光学配置について表1に示す。物体側から第i番目の面の曲率半径をRi(i=1〜7)、面間隔をDi(i=1〜7)としており(ただし第5面は絞りの位置)、また、j=1、2はそれぞれ第1レンズ、第2レンズ、j=3はカバーガラス14とし、それぞれの材質のd線の屈折率をNj(j=1〜3)としている。また#印を付した面は非球面であり、その円錐係数K、及び非球面係数Aを表2に示す。
【0022】
【表1】

Figure 0004123771
【0023】
【表2】
Figure 0004123771
【0024】
上記非球面は、光軸との交点を原点として光軸方向の座標をX、上記原点を通り光軸に直行する方向の座標をYとするとき、以下の公知の非球面式で表される。
【0025】
X=[CY2/{1+(1-(K+1)(CY)2)1/2}] + AY4 + …
ただし、C=1/Ri
この広角レンズは|r4|/r3=1.75、D2=1.4f、f2=1.33fであり、前記条件式(i)、(ii)、(iii)を全て満足している。
【0026】
そして上記広角レンズの光学特性における可視光の球面収差、非点収差、歪曲収差を図2に、横収差を図3に示す。図中CはC線、dはd線、FはF線での特性、mはメリジオナル面、sはサジッタル面での特性を示す。
【0027】
図4に他例を示す。基本構成は前記のものと同じであり、両凹レンズである第1レンズ11と、正のパワーを有する両凸レンズである第2レンズ12より構成されている。このものにおける光学配置を表3に、#印を付した非球面の円錐係数K及び非球面係数Aを表4に示す。
【0028】
【表3】
Figure 0004123771
【0029】
【表4】
Figure 0004123771
【0030】
この広角レンズも|r4|/r3=1.1、D2=0.63f、f2=0.95fであることから、前記条件式(i)、(ii)、(iii)を全て満足している。また、その光学特性における可視光の球面収差、非点収差、歪曲収差を図5に、横収差を図6に示す。図中CはC線、dはd線、FはF線での特性、mはメリジオナル面、sはサジッタル面での特性を示す。
【0031】
なお、上記の2例で示したものは、近赤外光照明波長を940nmとした際の各収差も同焦点位置でいずれも良く補正されており、近赤外光も併せて良好な特性を示すものとなっていた。
【0032】
図5に別の例を示す。これも基本構成は前記のものと同じで両凹レンズである第1レンズ11と、正のパワーを有する両凸レンズである第2レンズ12より構成された最大画角130°のもので、ここでは第1レンズ11の第1面及び第2面、第2レンズ12の第1面と第2面の4面を非球面としている。
【0033】
光学配置を表5に示す。物体側から第i番目の面の曲率半径をRi(i=1〜7)、面間隔をDi(i=1〜7)、有効半径をhi(i=1〜5)としており(ただし第5面は絞りの位置)、また、j=1,2はそれぞれ第1レンズと第2レンズ、j=3はCCDのカバーガラス14とし、それぞれの材質のd線の屈折率をNj(j=1〜3)としている。また#を付した面は非球面であり、その円錐係数K、及びk乗の非球面係数ARk(k=3、4、6、8、10)を表6に示す。
【0034】
【表5】
Figure 0004123771
【0035】
【表6】
Figure 0004123771
【0036】
上記非球面は、光軸との交点を原点として光軸方向の座標をX、上記原点を通り光軸に直交する方向の座標をYとするとき、以下の公知の非球面式で表される。
【0037】
X=[CY2/{1+(1-(K+1)(CY)2)1/2}] +ΣARYk
ただし、C=1/Ri
この広角レンズ(超広角レンズ)は、|f2/f1|=0.788(d2/f)、r2=0.984hi、(d2/f)=1.255であり、前記条件式(iv)、(v)、(vi)を全て満足している。
【0038】
そして上記広角レンズの光学特性における可視光の球面収差、非点収差、歪曲収差を図8、横収差を図9に、また波長を940nmとした近赤外照明光での球面収差、非点収差、歪曲収差を図10、横収差を図11に示す。図中CはC線、dはd線、FはF線での特性、mはメリジオナル面、sはサジッタル面での特性を示す。
【0039】
図12に他例を示す。基本構成は前記のものと同じであり、両凹レンズである第1レンズ11と正のパワーを有する両凸レンズである第2レンズ12より構成されており、最大画角は130°である。このものにおける光学配置を表7に、#印を付した非球面の円錐係数K及びk乗の非球面係数ARk(k=3、4、6、8)を表8に示す。
【0040】
【表7】
Figure 0004123771
【0041】
【表8】
Figure 0004123771
【0042】
この超広角レンズも、|f2/f1|=0.722(d2/f)、r2=0.789hi、(d2/f)=1.459であり、前記条件式(iv)、(v)、(vi)を全て満足している。また、その光学特性における可視光の球面収差、非点収差、歪曲収差を図13、横収差を図14に、また波長を940nmとした近赤外照明光での球面収差、非点収差、歪曲収差を図15、横収差を図16に示す。図中CはC線、dはd線、FはF線での特性、mはメリジオナル面、sはサジッタル面での特性を示す。
【0043】
上記2例において球面収差を始めとする各収差が可視光域はもちろん近赤外域においても良好に補正されていることが分かる。ここで示した上記2例もその数値から明らかなように前記条件式(i)、(ii)、(iii)も満足している。
【0044】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明にかかる広角レンズは、2枚組という少ないレンズ枚数である上に第1レンズと第2レンズの面間距離が小さいために、安価で小型なものであり、しかも各レンズの屈折パワーが抑えられているために、加工が容易であるとともに組立公差に強いものである。また、固定焦点で可視光だけでなく近赤外光においても良好な結像を得ることができる。
【0045】
しかも、固定焦点で可視光だけでなく、近赤外光においても非常に良好な結像を得ることができ、照度不足の際の照明光を被写体にまぶしさを感じさせることがない近赤外光とすることができる。
【0046】
また請求項の発明において、2枚組という少ないレンズ枚数である上に第1レンズと第2レンズの面間隔が小さいために、安価で小型であるばかりか、所要のバックフォーカスを確保できており、色補正のためのフィルタ挿入も可能となっている。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態の一例の光路を同時に示した光学配置図である。
【図2】同上の球面収差、非点収差、歪曲収差図である。
【図3】同上の横収差図である。
【図4】同上の他例における光路を同時に示した光学配置図である。
【図5】同上の球面収差、非点収差、歪曲収差図である。
【図6】同上の横収差図である。
【図7】本発明の実施形態の他例の光路を同時に示した光学配置図である。
【図8】同上の可視光での球面収差、非点収差、歪曲収差図である。
【図9】同上の可視光での横収差図である。
【図10】同上の近赤外光での球面収差、非点収差、歪曲収差図である。
【図11】同上の近赤外光での横収差図である。
【図12】同上の他例における光路を同時に示した光学配置図である。
【図13】同上の可視光での球面収差、非点収差、歪曲収差図である。
【図14】同上の可視光での横収差図である。
【図15】同上の近赤外光での球面収差、非点収差、歪曲収差図である。
【図16】同上の近赤外光での横収差図である。
【符号の説明】
11 第1レンズ
12 第2レンズ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a wide-angle lens used for a door surveillance camera, a security camera, a surveillance camera, a video phone camera, or the like installed outdoors or indoors, particularly an ultra-wide-angle lens.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An imaging lens used for a monitoring camera such as a door monitoring camera or a video phone camera is required to be a super wide-angle type wide-angle lens having a wide imaging area in addition to a resolving power.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, such a lens has a large number of lenses and is difficult to reduce in size and cannot be manufactured at low cost.
[0004]
In addition, for some purposes, there are cases where there is no illumination light in the surroundings, for example, shooting with near-infrared light mounted on a camera, but for those designed with only visible light, near-infrared light illumination can be used. Shooting is blurred.
[0005]
Japanese Patent No. 2015317 discloses a two-group two-lens configuration. However, in this case, a meniscus lens is used as the first lens. For this reason, when downsizing, the image side of the first lens is used. It is necessary to make the curvature very tight, and there are problems such as weak tolerance for axis deviation and difficult to manufacture.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a wide-angle lens that is small and inexpensive and exhibits good performance in visible light and near-infrared light even if the tolerance is loose. To do.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention of claim 1 comprises a first lens that is a biconcave lens having negative power in order from the object side, and a second lens that is a biconvex lens, and is at least a first lens . The lens surface on the image side of the lens is aspheric, the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the first lens is r2, the radius of curvature of the object side of the second lens is r3, and the radius of curvature of the image side of the second lens is r4. The distance between the surfaces of the first lens and the second lens is D2, the focal length of the whole system is f2, the focal length of the second lens is f2, the focal length of the first lens is f1, and the focal length of the second lens is f2. When the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the first lens is r2, the effective radius of the image side surface of the first lens is h2, and the distance between the surfaces of the first lens and the second lens is D , the following condition 1 < | R4 | / r3 <3 (i)
D2 <1.5f (ii)
0.7f <f2 <1.5f (Iii)
0.6D2 / f ≦ | f2 / f1 | ≦ 2.3D2 / f (iv)
0.6h2 ≦ r2 ≦ 1.0h2 (V)
It has the feature in satisfying.
[0008]
Since the first lens is a biconcave lens, the refractive power on the image side is distributed to the object side, so that the curvature on the image side can be weakened. Besides being strong, it is easy to process in terms of manufacturing. However, if the object side is a concave surface, the incident angle of a wide-angle light beam increases and the incident power tends to decrease, but this can be avoided by using a gentle curvature, a flat surface, or an aspherical surface.
[0009]
Conditional expression (i) is a conditional expression for suppressing the refractive power of the second lens when the inter-surface distance D2 is shortened. When the lower limit is exceeded, the curvature r4 on the image side of the second lens must be very strong in order to perform sufficient correction even if the inter-plane distance D2 is short, and the axis increases when the curvature is increased. It becomes weak to assembly tolerances such as deviation. In particular, when the stop is arranged behind the second lens, the effective lens diameter is reduced, and the second lens must be thickened to ensure brightness, and the total length is increased, which is not desirable. On the other hand, when the upper limit is exceeded, the curvature of the second lens on the object side becomes strong, and it becomes weak against assembly tolerances, particularly axis deviation.
[0010]
Conditional expression (ii) realizes downsizing while keeping each aberration good. The lower limit is preferably about 0.5f <D2. Exceeding the upper limit undesirably increases the overall length.
[0012]
The condition (iii) determines the power distribution of the entire system, and is a condition for keeping the inter-surface distance D2 between the first lens and the second lens within the range of the conditional expression (ii). In particular, when the focal length f of the entire system is small, the range of f <f2 is favorable in order to suppress the power increase of each lens. However, when the focal length f of the entire system is relatively long, the range in which the size can be reduced and aberrations can be corrected appropriately is f2 ≦ f. If the lower limit is exceeded, the refractive power of the second lens increases, making it difficult to correct aberrations. On the other hand, if the upper limit is exceeded, the inter-surface distance D2 must be increased, and the total length becomes longer.
[0014]
The condition (iv) is intended for improving the performance when irradiated with near-infrared light. In general, in a lens with spherical aberration correction only in the visible light range, the spherical aberration for near-infrared light is greatly shifted to the plus side from the image point of visible light, but it is balanced with the image point of visible light. Therefore, the target performance is obtained by slightly overcorrecting the spherical aberration of visible light. Here, it is well known that spherical aberration is over in a concave lens and spherical aberration is under in a convex lens, but in the present invention, the larger the distance D2 between the first lens and the second lens is, the larger the aberration occurs in the concave lens. The amount of spherical aberration over is emphasized.
[0015]
In the condition (iv), when the value of | f2 / f1 | is smaller than the value of 0.6D2 / f, the amount of overspherical aberration is too small, and the spherical aberration in the visible light region is good. However, the spherical aberration in the near-infrared light is too large, leading to a significant performance degradation. Conversely, when the value of | f2 / f1 | is larger than the value of 2.3D2 / f, the spherical aberration is excessively corrected, resulting in poor performance.
[0016]
Furthermore, the condition (v) is a condition for correcting spherical aberration satisfactorily in relation to the condition (iv), and when the spherical aberration is slightly overcorrected as described above, Considering the balance with the peripheral edge, the peripheral edge of the spherical aberration becomes abruptly overcorrected. In order to keep this point favorable, the surface on the image side (second surface) of the first lens is aspherical, and higher-order terms of spherical aberration are closed, and the spherical aberration at the peripheral portion is abruptly overcorrected. There is no such thing.
[0017]
In the condition (v), when the curvature radius r2 of the second surface is larger than the effective radius h2, the influence of the higher-order term is too small and the spherical aberration at the peripheral portion is corrected too much. It becomes difficult. On the other hand, when the radius is smaller than 0.6 times the effective radius h2, it is advantageous for correcting the spherical aberration at the peripheral portion, but the curvature radius r2 of the second surface becomes too small, making lens processing difficult.
[0018]
In addition to the above conditions ,
1.0 ≦ D2 / f ≦ 1.5 (vi)
May be satisfied. This condition is for improving the spherical aberration in relation to the condition (iv) and obtaining a required back focus. In an ultra-wide-angle lens, the focal length is set small, so the back focus of the lens also becomes small.If this back focus is not large enough, a filter or the like is placed between the lens and the image plane. In addition to being unable to insert, the exit angle of the imaging surface becomes large, leading to a reduction in the amount of peripheral light.
[0019]
In the condition (vi), if the value of D2 / f is smaller than the lower limit 1.0, the required back focus cannot be obtained, and if it is larger than the upper limit 1.5, it is advantageous for obtaining the back focus. This is not preferable because the lens system becomes too large.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A specific embodiment for an image sensor camera such as a CCD is shown in FIG. In the figure, 11 is a first lens on the object side, 12 is a second lens on the image side, 13 is a stop disposed on the image side of the second lens 2, 14 is a cover glass of an image sensor such as a CCD, and 15 is a CCD. The wide-angle lens is composed of a first lens 11 that is a biconcave lens and a second lens 12 that is a biconvex lens having a positive power, as is apparent from the drawing. .
[0021]
Table 1 shows the optical arrangement of the example of FIG. The radius of curvature of the i-th surface from the object side is Ri (i = 1 to 7), the surface interval is Di (i = 1 to 7) (where the fifth surface is the aperture position), and j = 1. Reference numeral 2 denotes a first lens and second lens, and j = 3 denotes a cover glass 14, and the refractive index of the d-line of each material is Nj (j = 1 to 3). The surface marked with # is an aspherical surface, and its conical coefficient K and aspherical coefficient A are shown in Table 2.
[0022]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004123771
[0023]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004123771
[0024]
The aspherical surface is represented by the following known aspherical expression, where X is the coordinate in the optical axis direction with the intersection with the optical axis as the origin, and Y is the coordinate in the direction passing through the origin and perpendicular to the optical axis. .
[0025]
X = [CY 2 / {1+ (1- (K + 1) (CY) 2 ) 1/2 }] + AY 4 + ...
However, C = 1 / Ri
This wide-angle lens has | r4 | /r3=1.75, D2 = 1.4f, f2 = 1.33f, and satisfies all the conditional expressions (i), (ii), and (iii).
[0026]
FIG. 2 shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of visible light in the optical characteristics of the wide-angle lens, and FIG. 3 shows the lateral aberration. In the figure, C is the C-line characteristic, d is the d-line characteristic, F is the F-line characteristic, m is the meridional plane, and s is the sagittal plane.
[0027]
FIG. 4 shows another example. The basic configuration is the same as that described above, and includes a first lens 11 that is a biconcave lens and a second lens 12 that is a biconvex lens having positive power. The optical arrangement of this is shown in Table 3, and the aspherical cone coefficient K and the aspherical coefficient A marked with # are shown in Table 4.
[0028]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004123771
[0029]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004123771
[0030]
This wide-angle lens also satisfies | conditions (i), (ii), and (iii) because | r4 | /r3=1.1, D2 = 0.63f, and f2 = 0.95f. . FIG. 5 shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of visible light in the optical characteristics, and FIG. 6 shows the lateral aberration. In the figure, C is the C-line characteristic, d is the d-line characteristic, F is the F-line characteristic, m is the meridional plane, and s is the sagittal plane.
[0031]
In the above two examples, each aberration when the near-infrared light illumination wavelength is 940 nm is well corrected at the same focal position, and the near-infrared light also has good characteristics. It was to show.
[0032]
FIG. 5 shows another example. The basic structure is the same as that described above, and has a maximum field angle of 130 °, which is composed of a first lens 11 that is a biconcave lens and a second lens 12 that is a biconvex lens having a positive power. The first and second surfaces of one lens 11 and the first and second surfaces of the second lens 12 are aspheric.
[0033]
The optical arrangement is shown in Table 5. The radius of curvature of the i-th surface from the object side is Ri (i = 1-7), the surface interval is Di (i = 1-7), and the effective radius is hi (i = 1-5) (provided that The surface is the aperture position), j = 1 and 2 are the first and second lenses, respectively, j = 3 is the cover glass 14 of the CCD, and the refractive index of the d-line of each material is Nj (j = 1 ~ 3). The surface marked with # is an aspherical surface, and its conical coefficient K and the aspherical coefficient ARk (k = 3, 4, 6, 8, 10) to the k-th power are shown in Table 6.
[0034]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004123771
[0035]
[Table 6]
Figure 0004123771
[0036]
The aspherical surface is expressed by the following known aspherical expression, where X is the coordinate in the optical axis direction with the intersection with the optical axis as the origin, and Y is the coordinate in the direction passing through the origin and orthogonal to the optical axis. .
[0037]
X = [CY 2 / {1+ (1- (K + 1) (CY) 2 ) 1/2 }] + ΣARY k
However, C = 1 / Ri
This wide-angle lens (super-wide-angle lens) has | f2 / f1 | = 0.788 (d2 / f), r2 = 0.984hi, (d2 / f) = 1.255, and the conditional expression (iv), All of (v) and (vi) are satisfied.
[0038]
The spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of visible light in the optical characteristics of the wide-angle lens are shown in FIG. 8, the lateral aberration is shown in FIG. 9, and the spherical aberration and astigmatism in near-infrared illumination light having a wavelength of 940 nm. FIG. 10 shows the distortion and FIG. 11 shows the lateral aberration. In the figure, C is the C-line characteristic, d is the d-line characteristic, F is the F-line characteristic, m is the meridional plane, and s is the sagittal plane.
[0039]
FIG. 12 shows another example. The basic configuration is the same as that described above, and includes a first lens 11 that is a biconcave lens and a second lens 12 that is a biconvex lens having positive power, and the maximum field angle is 130 °. The optical arrangement of this is shown in Table 7, and the aspherical cone coefficient K and the k-th aspherical coefficient ARk (k = 3, 4, 6, 8) marked with # are shown in Table 8.
[0040]
[Table 7]
Figure 0004123771
[0041]
[Table 8]
Figure 0004123771
[0042]
This super wide-angle lens also has | f2 / f1 | = 0.722 (d2 / f), r2 = 0.789 hi, (d2 / f) = 1.659, and the conditional expressions (iv), (v), All of (vi) are satisfied. In addition, the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion of visible light in the optical characteristics are shown in FIG. 13, the lateral aberration is shown in FIG. 14, and the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion in near-infrared illumination light having a wavelength of 940 nm. The aberration is shown in FIG. 15, and the lateral aberration is shown in FIG. In the figure, C is the C-line characteristic, d is the d-line characteristic, F is the F-line characteristic, m is the meridional plane, and s is the sagittal plane.
[0043]
In the above two examples, it can be seen that each aberration including spherical aberration is well corrected not only in the visible light region but also in the near infrared region. The above two examples shown here also satisfy the conditional expressions (i), (ii), and (iii) as apparent from the numerical values.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the wide-angle lens according to the present invention has a small number of lenses of two lenses and a small distance between the surfaces of the first lens and the second lens. Therefore, the wide-angle lens is inexpensive and small. Since the refractive power is suppressed, it is easy to process and is strong against assembly tolerance. Further, good imaging can be obtained not only with visible light but also with near-infrared light at a fixed focus.
[0045]
Moreover , it is possible to obtain very good image formation with not only visible light but also near-infrared light at a fixed focus, and near-infrared light that does not make the subject feel glare when illumination is insufficient. Can be light.
[0046]
Further, in the invention of claim 2 , since the number of lenses is as small as two sets and the surface distance between the first lens and the second lens is small, not only is it inexpensive and small, but also the required back focus can be secured. It is also possible to insert a filter for color correction.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an optical arrangement diagram simultaneously showing an optical path of an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion aberration.
FIG. 3 is a lateral aberration diagram of the above.
FIG. 4 is an optical layout diagram simultaneously showing optical paths in another example of the above.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion aberration.
FIG. 6 is a transverse aberration diagram of the same.
FIG. 7 is an optical arrangement diagram simultaneously showing an optical path of another example of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion in visible light as described above.
FIG. 9 is a transverse aberration diagram with visible light of the same as above.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion in the near-infrared light.
FIG. 11 is a lateral aberration diagram in the near-infrared light of the above.
FIG. 12 is an optical layout diagram simultaneously showing optical paths in another example of the above.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion in visible light as described above.
FIG. 14 is a transverse aberration diagram with visible light of the same as above.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing spherical aberration, astigmatism, and distortion in the near-infrared light.
FIG. 16 is a lateral aberration diagram in the near-infrared light of the above.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 First lens 12 Second lens

Claims (2)

物体側から順に負のパワーを有する両凹レンズである第1レンズと、両凸レンズである第2レンズより構成され、少なくとも第1レンズの像側のレンズ面が非球面であり、次の条件
1<|r4|/r3<3
D2<1.5f
0.7f<f2<1.5f
0.6D2/f≦|f2/f1|/≦2.3D2/f
0.6h2≦r2≦1.0h2
ただし r2:第1レンズの像側の面の曲率半径
r3:第2レンズの物体側の曲率半径
r4:第2レンズの像側の曲率半径
D2:第1レンズと第2レンズの面間距離
f:全系の焦点距離
f1:第1レンズの焦点距離
f2:第2レンズの焦点距離
h2:第1レンズの像側の面における有効半径
D2:第1レンズと第2レンズの面間距離
を満足することを特徴とする広角レンズ。
A first lens which is a biconcave lens having negative power in order from the object side and a second lens which is a biconvex lens, and at least the image side lens surface of the first lens is an aspherical surface, and the following condition 1 < | R4 | / r3 <3
D2 <1.5f
0.7f <f2 <1.5f
0.6D2 / f ≦ | f2 / f1 | /≦2.3D2/f
0.6h2 ≦ r2 ≦ 1.0h2
Where r2: radius of curvature of the image side surface of the first lens
r3: radius of curvature of the second lens on the object side
r4: radius of curvature on the image side of the second lens
D2: Distance between the surfaces of the first lens and the second lens
f: Focal length of the entire system
f1: Focal length of the first lens
f2: focal length of the second lens
h2: effective radius on the image side surface of the first lens
D2: A wide-angle lens that satisfies the inter-surface distance between the first lens and the second lens.
次の条件
1.0≦D2/f≦1.5
を満足することを特徴とする請求項1記載の広角レンズ。
Next condition
1.0 ≦ D2 / f ≦ 1.5
The wide-angle lens according to claim 1, wherein:
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US10761244B2 (en) 2015-08-13 2020-09-01 Ams Sensors Singapore Pte. Ltd. Illumination assembly for 3D data acquisition

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JP2006337402A (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-12-14 Nippon Zeon Co Ltd Wide-angle imaging lens
JP2007025261A (en) * 2005-07-15 2007-02-01 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Imaging lens
JP5090874B2 (en) 2007-11-28 2012-12-05 株式会社エンプラス Imaging lens
KR20140008183A (en) * 2012-07-11 2014-01-21 삼성전기주식회사 Wide field-of-view optics
JPWO2016027786A1 (en) * 2014-08-20 2017-06-01 コニカミノルタ株式会社 Far-infrared lens, imaging optical device and digital equipment
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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