JP4124179B2 - Foliage processing machine - Google Patents

Description

In order to stop the growth of potatoes and ripen them, it has long been practiced to spread the shoots and leaves with chemicals before harvesting. Recently, however, environmental destruction caused by drugs has become a problem, and the ground foliage has been pulled out. It is changing to a method that separates from the underground potato. The foliage processing machine is a mechanization of such work.
The present invention relates to such a foliage processing machine.

  A pair of endless belts facing each other and urged to the near side, and the rear part is installed at a higher inclination than the front part, and the foliage of the crop is pinched and transported rearward and upward at the contact surface of the endless belt and separated This mechanism is conventionally known (Patent Document 1).

  If roots remain when the stems and leaves are pulled out, it becomes easy to be infected with a viral disease from the cut end. Therefore, it is desirable to cut at the stron part that connects the potato and the root part. However, if you simply grab and pull the stems of the potatoes, the underground potatoes will be pulled out together.

Therefore, the foliage processing machine is equipped with a reed holding mechanism for pulling out the foliage while holding only the potato from above.
A conventional wrinkle presser mechanism has a structure in which a plurality of rollers are arranged in a line in the front and rear and is unitized, and is attached to the front left and right of the pinch conveyance unit for foliage (Patent Document 2).
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-06312 JP-A-11-75402

However, the conventional foliage processing machine is not efficient because it has only one pinch transport unit, and it requires a lot of labor because it is a walking type. The ground contact area was small because it was in linear contact with the ground surface, and the presser foot of the cocoon was insufficient. Furthermore, since the roller is composed of a rotating body, a shaft and the like, the structure is complicated, and maintenance and management are poor due to the inclusion of soil and foliage.
The present invention aims to solve these problems.

In order to solve the above-described problem, as described in claim 1, a sandwiching conveyance unit in which two endless sandwiching belts on the left and right sides are provided so as to be inclined with the front being low and the rear being highly inclined, and the sandwiching conveyance unit A foliage treatment part is formed by a scraping mechanism connected to the front end part, and this is mounted on a self-propelled aircraft, and a saddle face pressing body in contact with the saddle face, and a back plate attached to the upper face of the saddle face pressing body, The heel presser plate, which is sandwiched between the elastic members and protrudes toward the top of the ridge, is arranged on the left and right sides, and the heel presser mechanism having a foliage passage gap between the elastic members is provided in the foliage treatment unit. It is connected to the lower part of the front part integrally, and the gap between the foliage passing is looked down below the pinching surface where the two pinching belts are in contact, so that the power of the engine is transmitted to the foliage processing part in the left-right direction. A horizontal drive shaft is provided in the self-propelled aircraft, and this horizontal drive shaft is The foliage treatment unit to provide a foliar treatment machine formed by pivotable relative to self-propelled fuselage.

  As described in claim 2, the heel presser mechanism is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism, and the heel presser plate is configured to be fixed at an arbitrary angle with respect to the foliage processing part.

As described in claim 3, the contact surface of the presser foot plate is formed of a resin plate.

As described in claim 4, the foliage treatment unit is mounted on the front side of the self-propelled aircraft side by side, and the front part of the foliage treatment unit is installed at a distance equal to the interval between the stripes, and the horizontal drive Centering on the axis, the left and right foliage treatment parts can swing independently.

By configuring as in claim 1, the area where the heel presser plate touches the heel surface becomes wider in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction, and when pulling out the foliage, the potato spreading in the front-rear and left-right direction is reliably ensured. It is possible to prevent the pulling plate from being damaged by the elastic member that forms a foliage passage gap, and eliminates the possibility of tearing off the stem part when pulling out the foliage, Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the potato near the top of the ridge from being pulled out and to pull out only the seed potato.

  By configuring as described in claim 2, it is possible to prevent the heel presser from becoming insufficient by causing the heel presser plate to be in close contact with the heel surface regardless of the height of the heel and pressing the heel surface uniformly.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, soil does not adhere to the heel presser plate, and the ridge surface can be slid.

By configuring as described in claim 4, it is possible to reliably hold down the potatoes in the fence and parallel the two stalks and leaves even in the fields where the soil is scattered by wind and the right and left ridge heights are different or in the inclined fields. As a result, it can be pinched and conveyed, and the working efficiency is remarkably improved.

The foliage processing machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a foliage processing machine, and FIG. 2 is a plan view.
The self-propelled aircraft 1 includes a main body frame 2, a pair of left and right triangular crawlers 20, an engine 3, and a driver's seat 10. The triangular crawler 20 has an upper drive wheel 21, a front roller 22 and a rear roller 23 arranged at the apex of the triangle, and further provided with a roller 24 at the bottom, and a running belt 25 is applied to them. .

An engine 3 and a transmission case 4 are provided on the left side of the main body frame 2 in plan view, and the power from the engine 3 is transmitted to the drive wheels 21 of the self-propelled aircraft 1 via the transmission case 4 to drive the driving belt 25 to rotate. Let
A driver's seat 10 including a seat 11 and a control stick 12 is installed on the right side of the main body frame 2 in plan view, and is a passenger type.

  The left and right triangular crawlers 20 are arranged at intervals across the two ridges. The main body frame 2 includes a foliage processing unit 5 comprising a pinch transport unit 30 and a scraping mechanism 6 attached to the front part of the pinch transport unit 30, and the rear part is inclined higher than the front part, and two groups are arranged on the left and right sides. Mount. Further, the front portion of the pinch transport unit 30 is made equal to the space between the ridges, and the rear portion is made closer to the space between the ridges and arranged in a square shape in plan view. Further, a heel presser mechanism 60 is integrally connected to the lower part of the front part of the foliage processing unit 5. In FIG. 1, the scraping mechanism 6 is not shown.

  An arm 72 is connected to the main body frame 2 via a hydraulic cylinder 73, and a gauge wheel 70 is attached to the arm 72. The gauge wheel 70 rolls in a ridge groove sandwiched between two ridges on which the self-propelled aircraft 1 straddles. The arm 72 is provided with a cross bar 71, and both ends of the cross bar 71 are respectively exposed below the attachment frame 66 provided at the front part of the left and right foliage treatment units 5. Further, a divider 90 that causes a foliage that has fallen between the scissors and the scissors is attached to the front portion of the arm 72 and the scraping mechanism 6. In FIG. 2, the divider 90 is not shown.

  At the rear part of the self-propelled aircraft 1, a foliage cutting device 40 is provided. This foliage cutting device 40 is formed by mounting a plurality of disk blades 42 on two disk blade drive shafts 41 attached in the front-rear direction. Moreover, the disc blade 42 attaches the left and right disc blade drive shafts 41 to the foliage cutting device 40 so that the disc blades 42 are alternately arranged.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a horizontal drive shaft 51 that swings the pinch conveyance unit with respect to the self-propelled machine body.
A base 50 is fixedly provided at an intermediate position in the front-rear direction of the main body frame 2 to provide a horizontal drive shaft 51 and a shaft fulcrum 55, and the foliage treatment unit 5 is swingably mounted around the shaft fulcrum 55. The power from the engine 3 is transmitted to the horizontal drive shaft 51 via the mission case 4, and the horizontal drive shaft 51 is provided with a gear box 52, and the power from the engine 3 is bevel gear 53 disposed in the gear box 52. Is transmitted to the drive shaft 54 of the foliage processing unit 5.

  The rotation of the drive shaft 54 is transmitted from the drive pulley 31 to the driven pulley 32 via a chain, and the pinching belt 35 is rotated by the pinching belt driving pulley 33 arranged coaxially with the driven pulley. The drive shaft 54 is pivotally supported by the horizontal drive shaft 51 in the gear box 52, and the foliage processing unit 5 swings up and down with respect to the self-propelled machine 1 with the axis of the horizontal drive shaft 51 as the pivot point 55. To do.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of the horizontal drive shaft 51.
Both ends of the horizontal drive shaft 51 are pivotally supported by a base 50 provided on the main body frame 2 and the transmission case 4. The horizontal drive shaft 51 is provided with a total of four gear boxes 52, two on the left and right sides, and the drive shaft 54 is extended upward from the gear box 52 to drive the left and right nail conveying portions 30. Yes. A sleeve 56 is provided at the center of the pipe case 58 that covers the horizontal drive shaft 51, and is fixed to the support base 57 of the main body frame 2. The pipe case 58 is divided into left and right.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the heel pressing mechanism at the front end of the foliage processing section.
The heel presser mechanism 60 includes a heel presser plate 61 and an angle adjusting mechanism 62. The heel presser plate 61 having a rebound C at its tip is a plate shape having a length in the front-rear direction, and is attached to the foliage processing unit 5 via the angle adjusting mechanism 62.
The shape of the ridge includes a bowl shape and a trapezoid shape, and accordingly, the heel presser plate 61 is selectively used depending on whether it is curved in a cross-section arc shape or bent in a cross-section shape.

  The eaves pressing plate 61 includes a back plate 80, an eaves pressing body 81 made of a plastic material resin, and an elastic member 82 made of rubber or the like. The ridge top side of the back plate 80 is bent stepwise by the thickness of the elastic member 82, and the back plate 80 and the ridge surface pressing body 82 are overlapped to form the bent portion. The elastic member 82 is fitted into the gap and protrudes toward the top of the ridge. The heel presser plates 61 are arranged side by side, and the elastic member 82 is faced to form a foliage passage gap.

The angle adjustment mechanism 62 includes a first angle adjustment support bar 64, a second angle adjustment support bar 67 having a fan shape at one end, a mounting frame 66, and a fixing screw 65.
The attachment frame 66 is fixed below the front portion of the pinch transport unit 30. Further, an angle adjustment fulcrum 63 is provided at the front portion of the pinch conveyance unit 30 so that the front portion of the bar pressing plate 61 is rotatably attached. One end of the first angle adjustment support rod 64 is rotatably attached to the rear portion of the collar pressing portion 61, and the other end is attached to the other end of the second angle adjustment support rod 67 on the non-fan-shaped side.
The second angle adjustment support rod 67 is attached to the attachment frame 66 at a substantially central portion. A plurality of through holes are provided in the arc portion of the fan-shaped end, and a fixing screw 65 is inserted into a hole provided in the mounting frame and an arbitrary through-hole of the fan-shaped end to fix the eave-holding plate 61 at an arbitrary angle. .

FIG. 6 is a rear view of the front end of the foliage treatment unit.
A bar pressing plate 61 is mounted on the mounting frames 66 of the left and right nail conveying sections 30 via an angle adjusting mechanism 62. The cross bar 71 provided on the arm 72 is arranged so that both ends thereof face the lower sides of the left and right mounting frames 66. The height of the cross bar 71 is determined by the height of the gauge wheel 70 that rolls between the ribs, and defines the bottom dead center of the pinch transport unit 30.
When traveling on the road or the like without working, when the arm 72 is lifted upward by the hydraulic cylinder 73, the crossbar 71 hits the mounting frame 66, and the left and right foliage treatment parts 5 are moved upward with the shaft fulcrum 55 as the center. Swing.

The foliage processing machine configured as described above has the following effects.
As shown in FIG. 7, the heel presser plate 61 is a plate having a length in the front and rear direction, and is bent in the left-right direction along the ridge surface. When pulling out, the wide range of ridges is pressed evenly to prevent the potatoes that are distributed in the heel from front to back and from side to side to be pulled out. Moreover, since the contact area with the heel is large, the heel is not broken.

  Further, since the eave pressing plate 61 has a rebound C, it does not collide with the undulation of the eaves surface. Further, since the heel pressing body 81 is made of a resin plate such as a plastic material or a synthetic resin material, the heel surface slides without soil being attached to the heel pressing plate 61.

  Furthermore, since the elastic member 82 constituting the heel presser plate 61 is faced to form a foliage passage gap, there is no possibility that the heel presser plate 61 damages the foliage and pulls it off at the stem portion when pulling out the foliage. , It can be shredded at the stron that connects the root and the potato. In addition, the elastic member 82 can scrape dirt and small potatoes adhering to the root.

The foliage vegetated on the cocoon B is scraped by the scraping protrusion 7 provided in the scraping mechanism 6 and is passed on to the pinch transport unit 30. The foliage that has fallen between the ridges and the ribs is caused by the divider 90 and passed to the scraping mechanism.
The distance between the shafts of the front end pulley 34 of the pinch transport unit 30 is wider than the axis of the pinch belt drive pulley 33 at the rear end, and the opposite portion of the pinch belt 35 is biased to the near side by the idle roller 36. Thus, a sandwiching surface is formed, and an opening A having a wide and narrow shape before the plan view is formed at the front end of the sandwiching belt 35.
The vegetation position of Nijo's ridge B and potato stalks and leaves is not necessarily constant, but the front end of the pinching belt 35 opens narrowly in front and rear, regardless of the deviation of the ridge or vegetation position. It is possible to reliably transfer the two strips of leaves and leaves from the scraping mechanism 6 to the pinch transport unit 30.

The foliage treatment machine travels forward by the self-propelled machine 1, sandwiches the foliage by the pinch conveyance unit 30 and conveys it rearward and upward, so that the foliage is pulled up substantially upward.
Since the sleeve 57 is provided at the center of the horizontal drive shaft 51 and the pipe case 58 is divided into left and right parts, the left and right foliage treatment parts 5 swing up and down independently. Even if the length is different, it is possible to put the weight of the foliage processing unit 5 on the heel presser mechanism 60 and press the ridge surface with an appropriate pressure.

  It is important that the left and right pinch transport unit 30 swings up and down independently in fields where the left and right wrinkle heights are different, such as in sloping ground, but the wrinkles are often formed by a wrinkle forming machine. In such a farm field, the pressing effect on the hook surface is sufficient even if the left and right pinch conveyance unit 30 swings up and down in conjunction with each other without providing the sleeve 57 at the center of the pipe case 58.

  When the roots of the foliage are pinched and pulled out, the dredged soil is pressed sufficiently, so that the foliage is cut at the stront that connects the roots with the potatoes, and the potatoes are pulled out not only to the foliage but also to the roots while leaving the potatoes in the pot. be able to.

  Further, the bottom dead center of the foliage treatment unit 5 is defined by a cross bar 71 provided on the arm 72, and the front end of the foliage treatment unit 5 collides with the scissors even when a part of the reed is largely collapsed. There is nothing.

The foliage pulled out by the pinching belt 35 and conveyed rearward and upward is put into a foliage cutting device 40 fixed at the rear part of the self-propelled aircraft 1. The foliage processing unit 5 is arranged with its rear part closer than the streak, and the left and right two foliage are fed into one foliage cutting device 40 for processing.
The power from the engine 3 is transmitted to the disk blade drive shaft 41 via the mission case 4, the disk blade 42 rotates about the disk blade drive shaft 41, and the introduced foliage does not get in the way during harvesting and is dry. Cut to an easy length.

  Moreover, the foliage processing machine according to the present invention can be used not only for potatoes but also for treating foliage of other mosses such as sweet potato and taro.

Side view of an embodiment of the present invention Plan view of an embodiment of the present invention Partial cross-sectional view of a horizontal drive shaft that swings the foliage treatment unit relative to the self-propelled aircraft Rear view of horizontal drive shaft Side view of the front end of the foliage treatment unit Rear view of the front end of the foliage treatment unit Action diagram of heel presser mechanism

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Self-propelled machine body 2 Main body frame 3 Engine 4 Mission case 5 Stem and leaf processing part 6 Scratching mechanism 7 Scratching protrusion 10 Driver's seat 11 Seat 12 Control stick 20 Triangle crawler 21 Driving wheel 22 Front wheel 23 Rear wheel 24 Wheel DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 25 Running belt 30 Cinch conveyance part 31 Drive pulley 32 Driven pulley 33 Cinch belt drive pulley 34 Front end pulley 35 Cinch belt 36 Idle roller 40 Leaf and leaf cutting device 41 Disc blade drive shaft 42 Disc blade 50 Base 51 Horizontal drive shaft 52 Gear Box 53 Bevel gear 54 Drive shaft 55 Shaft fulcrum 56 Sleeve 57 Support base
58 Pipe case 60 畝 Presser mechanism 61 畝 Presser plate 62 Angle adjustment mechanism 63 Angle adjustment fulcrum 64 First angle adjustment support rod 65 Fixing screw 66 Mounting frame 67 Second angle adjustment support rod 70 Gauge wheel 71 Crossbar 72 Arm 73 Hydraulic cylinder 80 Back plate 81 畝 surface pressing body 82 elastic member 90 divider A opening B 畝 C rebound

Claims (4)

A foliage processing unit is formed by a pinch conveyance unit formed by two left and right endless pinch belts inclined at a low front and a high back and a scraping mechanism connected to the front end of the pinch transfer unit And this is mounted on the self-propelled aircraft,
And, the heel presser plate constituted by the ridge surface pressing body in contact with the ridge surface, the back plate attached to the upper surface of the ridge surface pressing body, and the elastic member that is sandwiched between these and protrudes toward the ridge top side, is arranged side by side. A hook holding mechanism having a foliage passage gap between these elastic members is integrally connected to the lower part of the front part of the foliage treatment part, and the finch passing gap is in contact with the two pinch belts. Look down the plane,
Accordingly, a horizontal drive shaft in the left-right direction for transmitting engine power to the foliage processing unit is provided in the self-propelled aircraft body, and the foliage processing unit is swingable with respect to the self-propelled vehicle body around the horizontal drive shaft. Foliage processing machine.   The foliage processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the wrinkle presser mechanism includes an angle adjusting mechanism, and the wrinkle presser plate is configured to be fixed at an arbitrary angle with respect to the foliage processing unit.   2. The foliage processing machine according to claim 1, wherein a contact surface of the presser foot plate is formed of a resin plate.   The foliage treatment unit is mounted on the front of the self-propelled aircraft side by side, and the front part of these foliage treatment units is installed with a distance equal to the gap between the left and right, with the horizontal drive shaft as the center. The foliage processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the foliage processing units are independently swingable.

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