JP4153683B2 - Tool changer - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tool changer for taking out and changing a tool stored in a tool magazine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As this type of tool changer, for example, one having a configuration as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-9659 is known. In this conventional configuration, when an old tool stored and held in the holding portion of the tool magazine is replaced with a new tool, the old tool is removed from the tool magazine together with the tool pot by the tool loader while being held in the tool holder. Then, it is delivered to the tool receiving member of the lifting mechanism. In this state, the tool receiving member of the lifting mechanism is lowered, the old tool is lowered together with the tool pot to the tool delivery position, and the tool support member of the tool changing mechanism is engaged with the grip groove on the outer periphery of the tool holder.
[0003]
Thereafter, the old tool is placed at the tool change position by pulling out the tool change stand of the tool change mechanism from the internal tool delivery position to the external tool change position. In this state, after replacing the old tool on the tool support member with the new tool together with the tool holder, when the tool changer is pushed from the tool change position to the tool delivery position, the new tool is moved to the internal tool delivery position, It is inserted into a tool pot on the tool receiving member of the lifting mechanism.
[0004]
Subsequently, the tool receiving member is raised, the new tool is raised together with the tool pot, and the holding groove of the tool holder is detached from the tool support member of the tool changing mechanism. Thereafter, a new tool is received from the tool receiving member together with the tool pot by the tool loader, and is stored in a predetermined holding portion of the tool magazine. As a result, the operation of exchanging the old tool and the new tool with respect to the holding portion of the tool magazine is completed.
[0005]
By the way, in this conventional tool changer, when replacing the new tool with the old tool and mounting it on the tool support member of the tool change mechanism, the axis of the tool holder on which the new tool is mounted is set with respect to the tool support member. It is necessary to position at a predetermined position in the rotational direction with the center. As this positioning mechanism, a locking lever having a locking claw mounted on the tool support member side with respect to a notch formed on the outer periphery of the tool holder is arranged to be switched to a locking position.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional positioning mechanism has the following problems because the new tool can be carried into the tool magazine even when the locking claw is not securely locked in the notch. When a new tool is not positioned at a predetermined position in the rotation direction and is received in the holding part of the tool magazine and then attached to the spindle via a tool change arm or the like, the tool holder does not engage with the spindle mounting groove. Therefore, the error signal is output and the tool needs to be changed again for the spindle. Further, even if an error signal is not output, there is a problem that if the workpiece is processed while the tool holder is improperly mounted on the spindle, the processing accuracy is lowered.
[0007]
The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art. The object is to provide a tool changer capable of accurately positioning and mounting a new tool on a tool support member at a predetermined position in the rotation direction about the axis when exchanging the tool with the tool support member. There is.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a tool changer for taking out and exchanging a tool housed in a tool magazine to the outside, and changing between an internal tool delivery position and an external tool change position. A tool changer that is movable between the tool changer, a tool support member that is detachably supported on the tool changer together with the tool holder, and a key groove on the outer periphery of the tool holder. A lock member for locking the tool holder to a support state on the tool support member; A movement restraining mechanism for restraining movement of the tool changing table from the tool changing position; Lock member of Engagement and disengagement operations And restraint and restraint release operations of the movement restraint mechanism Operation members for Comprising Operation member Operation To work Therefore , When the lock member is engaged with the keyway of the tool holder, the movement restriction of the tool changer by the movement restriction mechanism is released, When the lock member is not engaged with the keyway of the tool holder Is the movement restraint mechanism Constrain the movement of the tool changer Ruko It is characterized by.
[0009]
Therefore, according to the first aspect of the invention, when the new tool is replaced with the old tool and mounted on the tool support member, the new tool is arranged at a predetermined position in the rotation direction about the axis. Then, the lock member is engaged with the key groove of the tool holder in accordance with the engagement operation of the operation member. This engagement locks the tool holder in a supported state on the tool support member, releases the movement restriction of the tool changing table by the movement restricting mechanism, and allows loading of a new tool by pushing the tool changing table. Is done.
[0010]
Therefore, the new tool can be accurately positioned and mounted on the tool support member at a predetermined position in the rotation direction about the axis. For this reason, after the new tool is not positioned at a predetermined position in the rotation direction, it is not mounted on the main shaft via the tool change arm or the like after being stored in the holding portion of the tool magazine, and the tool change operation can be performed again. It becomes unnecessary. Moreover, the attachment of the tool to the taper portion of the main shaft becomes appropriate, and the possibility of causing a reduction in machining accuracy can be prevented.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the movement restraining mechanism includes a turning member that is turned in accordance with an operation of the operating member, and a restraint that is arranged corresponding to the turning member. The restraint plate is formed with a restraint groove that engages with the rotating member and restrains the movement of the tool changing table.
[0012]
Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the structure of the movement restraining mechanism is simple, and when the new tool is not arranged at a predetermined position in the rotation direction, the movement restraint of the tool change table is reliably ensured. It can be carried out.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 2, wherein the restraining groove is provided corresponding to a tool delivery position and a tool exchange position of a tool exchange table. is there.
[0014]
Therefore, according to the third aspect of the invention, the movement of the tool changing table can be reliably restrained at the tool changing position of the tool changing table, and the locking member is used at the tool delivery position of the tool changing table. The lock of the tool holder can be easily released.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 4 In a tool changer for taking out and exchanging a tool stored in a tool magazine, a tool changer arranged to be movable between an internal tool delivery position and an external tool change position, and the tool changer A tool support member which is provided on the tool holder and detachably supports the tool together with the tool holder; and a lock member which engages with a key groove on the outer periphery of the tool holder and locks the tool holder in a support state on the tool support member. An operation member for engaging and disengaging the lock member, and a movement restriction for restricting the movement of the tool changer when the lock member is not engaged with the keyway of the tool holder when the operation member is engaged. With a mechanism, An opening / closing cover is provided in the opening formed in the case for pulling out the tool changing table, and the opening / closing cover is opened / closed between the opening / closing cover and the tool changing table in accordance with the movement of the tool changing table. A mechanism is provided.
[0016]
Therefore, according to the invention described in claim 4, When the new tool is mounted on the tool support member by replacing it with the old tool, if the new tool is placed at a predetermined position in the rotational direction around the axis, it will be locked when the operating member is engaged. The member is engaged with the keyway of the tool holder. This engagement locks the tool holder in a supported state on the tool support member, releases the movement restriction of the tool changing table by the movement restricting mechanism, and allows loading of a new tool by pushing the tool changing table. Is done. Therefore, the new tool can be accurately positioned and mounted on the tool support member at a predetermined position in the rotation direction about the axis. For this reason, after the new tool is not positioned at a predetermined position in the rotation direction, it is not mounted on the main shaft via the tool change arm or the like after being stored in the holding portion of the tool magazine, and the tool change operation can be performed again. It becomes unnecessary. Also, the tool can be properly attached to the tapered part of the main shaft to prevent the possibility of reducing the machining accuracy. It can also be stopped.
Also When the tool changer is removed from the opening and the tool on the tool support member is changed, the opening is appropriately closed by the open / close cover via the interlock mechanism when the tool changer is pulled out and pushed in. . Therefore, the opening of the case can be held in a closed state so that the operator's hand or the like does not enter the inside of the tool during replacement of the tool, thereby ensuring the safety of the operator.
[0017]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention of the fourth aspect, the interlock mechanism operates the opening / closing cover during the pulling movement from the tool delivery position of the tool changer to the tool changer position. It is characterized by.
[0018]
Therefore, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the opening / closing cover from colliding with the tool changing table or the tool support member being pulled out during the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing cover accompanying the movement of the tool changing table. Can do.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, a column 12 is arranged on a machine tool base 11 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction by a driving device (not shown), and a spindle head 13 is movable in the vertical direction on the column 12. It is supported by. A spindle 14 is rotatably supported by the spindle head 13, and a tool 15 such as a drill is detachably attached to the tip of the spindle 14 while being held by a tool holder 16.
[0020]
A table 17 is disposed on the base 11, and a work 18 is detachably mounted on the top surface thereof. Then, the spindle 12 is moved toward the workpiece 18 on the table 17 while the spindle 14 is rotated in a state where the spindle head 13 is moved to the lower machining position indicated by the chain line in FIG. The workpiece 18 is subjected to predetermined processing such as drilling.
[0021]
A frame 19 is erected on the base 11 so as to straddle the column 12. Above the main shaft 14, a tool change arm 20 is supported on the upper front side of the frame 19 so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft 14 and movable in the axial direction. A tool gripping portion 20a for gripping 15 together with the tool holder 16 is formed.
[0022]
Then, with the spindle head 13 being moved and arranged at the upper tool change position shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, the tool change arm 20 is rotated around the axis and moved in the axial direction. As a result, the tool 15 mounted on the spindle 14 and the tool 15 held by the tool loader 23 described later are gripped by the tool gripping portion 20a of the tool replacement arm 20 together with the tool holder 16, and are simultaneously removed and replaced. It is like that.
[0023]
A linear type tool magazine 21 is disposed on the base 11 so as to extend in parallel with the rotation axis of the main shaft 14. A plurality of tool holding recesses 21a are arranged at a predetermined pitch on the upper edge of the tool magazine 21 in an open state upward. In these tool holding recesses 21 a, tools 15 having different types and outer diameters are detachably accommodated and held together with the tool holder 16 in the tool pot 22.
[0024]
A tool loader 23 is disposed above the tool magazine 21 so as to be movable along the arrangement direction of the tool holding recesses 21a. A feed screw 24 is rotatably disposed above the tool magazine 21 so as to extend in the moving direction of the tool loader 23, and the tool loader 23 is rotated by the movement motor 25. It is moved in the left-right direction in FIG.
[0025]
Then, the tool loader 23 takes out the tool 15 held in the tool holder 16 from the predetermined tool holding recess 21 a of the tool magazine 21 together with the tool pot 22 and transfers it to a position corresponding to the tool changing arm 20. . At a predetermined position on the right end in FIG. 1, the tool 15 is extracted from the tool pot 22 by the tool changing arm 20, and the tool 15 is exchanged with the spindle 14. Thereafter, the replaced tool 15 is inserted into the tool pot 22 on the tool loader 23, and is transferred by the tool loader 23 to a position corresponding to a predetermined tool holding recess 21a of the tool magazine 21, and the tool holding recess 21a. Is to be housed and held.
[0026]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, an elevating mechanism 26 is disposed on the base 11 on the back side of the column 12. A tool receiving member 28 that opens upward is supported on the frame 27 of the elevating mechanism 26 so as to be movable up and down along the guide rail 29, and is lifted and lowered by a cylinder 30 via a sprocket 31 and a chain 32. ing.
[0027]
When replacing the tool 15 accommodated and held in the tool holding recess 21 a of the tool magazine 21, the tool loader 23 holds the tool while the old tool 15 is inserted into the tool pot 22 together with the tool holder 16. It is taken out from the recess 21 a and transferred to a position corresponding to the lifting mechanism 26. In this state, the tool receiving member 28 of the elevating mechanism 26 is raised to the upper position indicated by the chain line in FIG. 1 and is engaged with the engagement groove 22a (see FIG. 3) on the outer periphery of the tool pot 22, and the old tool 15 is moved. It is delivered to the tool receiving member 28 together with the tool pot 22. After that, the tool receiving member 28 is lowered to a lower position shown by a solid line in FIG. 1, and the old tool 15 is moved and arranged at the tool delivery position together with the tool pot 22.
[0028]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a tool change mechanism 33 is disposed on the base 11 below the elevating mechanism 26, and the old tool 15 moved to the tool delivery position is pulled out to the new tool. 15 is to be exchanged. That is, on the base 11, the tool changer 34 is disposed along the guide rail 35 so as to be movable between the internal tool delivery position shown in FIG. 3 and the external tool change position shown in FIG. Yes. A lid 36 and a handle 37 are attached to the front end of the tool changing table 34, and when the tool changing table 34 is pushed into the internal tool delivery position by the handle 37 and moved, it is a drawer formed in the case 38 of the machine tool. The opening 39 is closed by the lid 36.
[0029]
A tool support member 40 that opens upward is attached to the rear end of the upper surface of the tool changer 34 via a bracket 41. Then, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the old tool 15 supported by the tool receiving member 28 of the lifting mechanism 26 is lowered with the tool changer 34 moved to the internal tool delivery position, The tool support member 40 is engaged with the grip groove 16 a on the outer periphery of the tool holder 16.
[0030]
The tool holder 16 is locked so that the tool holder 16 can be temporarily removed from the tool pot 22 when a problem occurs in the tool change mechanism 33 on the base 11 so as to be positioned behind the tool changer 34. A release mechanism 42 is provided. An operation lever 43 is pivotably disposed at the front portion of the base 11. By operating the operation lever 43 from a position indicated by a solid line to a position indicated by a chain line in FIG. Actuated. Thereby, the lock of the tool holder 16 with respect to the tool pot 22 is released, and a state in which the old tool 15 can be easily extracted from the tool pot 22 together with the tool holder 16 is formed.
[0031]
On the tool changer 34, a lock member 44 is rotatably attached to the bracket 41 via a support shaft 44a, and an engagement claw portion 44b is formed at the tip thereof. A first key groove 16b, a second key groove 16c, and a notch 16d are formed on the outer periphery of the tool holder 16 that holds the tool 15 so as to correspond to the engaging claw portion 44b of the lock member 44, and the first key groove. The groove width of 16b is larger than the groove width of the second key groove 16c.
[0032]
Then, when the lock member 44 is rotated in the clockwise direction in FIG. 2 with the tool 15 supported on the tool support member 40 at a predetermined position in the rotation direction about the axis, the engagement claw portion 44b is The tool holder 16 is engaged with the first keyway 16b. Thereby, the tool 15 is locked to the support state on the tool support member 40 together with the tool holder 16. Note that the engaging claw portion 44b has a dimension that does not enter the second keyway 16c.
[0033]
An operation shaft 45 as an operation member is rotatably supported on one upper surface of the tool changer 34, and an operation knob 46 is attached to the front end thereof. A rotation member 47 is attached to the rear end of the operation shaft 45, an engagement bolt 48 that can be engaged with the lock member 44 is attached to one end thereof, and an engagement protrusion 47a is formed on the other end. . A spring 49 is provided at the rear end of the operation shaft 45, and the operation shaft 45 is urged to rotate clockwise in FIG.
[0034]
Then, by operating the operation knob 46, the operation shaft 45 is rotated between the position indicated by the chain line in FIG. 2 and the position indicated by the solid line, whereby the lock member 44 is indicated by the chain line via the rotation member 47. It is pivotally arranged at the position and the position indicated by the solid line. As a result, the engagement claw portion 44b of the lock member 44 is engaged with or disengaged from the first keyway 16b of the tool holder 16, and the tool holder 16 is locked with respect to the tool support member 40, or the lock is released. It has become so.
[0035]
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a restraint plate 50 is disposed on the base 11 so as to extend along the moving direction of the tool changer 34, and the restraint plate 50 and the rotating member 47 serve to move and restrain the mechanism 51. Is configured. A pair of restraining grooves 50a and 50b are formed at both upper edges of the restraining plate 50 so as to be able to engage with and disengage from the engaging projection 47a of the rotating member 47 at the tool delivery position and the tool changing position of the tool changing base 34. Is formed.
[0036]
Therefore, when the old tool 15 is locked onto the tool support member 40, the operation knob 46 is rotated to the left, whereby the rotation member 47 is rotated to the left and the engaging claw portion 44b is moved to the first key groove 16b. In addition to being engaged, the engaging protrusion 47a is disengaged from the locking position of the restraining groove 50a. If the engaging claw 44b does not enter the first keyway 16b, the engaging protrusion 47a is not unlocked.
[0037]
The old tool 15 can be taken out from the opening 39 of the case 38 by pulling the tool changer 34 from the tool delivery position shown in FIG. 3 to the tool change position shown in FIG. . In this state, the operation knob 46 is returned to the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 2 by the stored force of the spring 49, and the engaging protrusion 47a of the rotating member 47 is engaged with the restraining groove 50b. The engagement claw portion 44b of the lock member 44 remains held in the non-engagement position.
[0038]
Thereafter, the new tool 15 is mounted together with the tool holder 16 on the empty tool support member 40. At this time, the tool holder 16 is rotated and adjusted in position so that the first keyway 16b of the tool holder 16 is accurately opposed to the engaging claw portion 44b.
[0039]
Further, by rotating the operation knob 46 to the left, the engaging claw portion 44b is engaged with the first key groove 16b, and the rotating member 47 is rotated counterclockwise so that the engaging protrusion 47a is locked to the restraining groove 50b. Out of position. Therefore, the tool changer 34 can be moved from the tool change position shown in FIG. 5 to the tool delivery position shown in FIG.
[0040]
When the operation shaft 45 is rotated in the locking direction of the lock member 44 after the new tool 15 is mounted on the tool support member 40 at the tool change position of the tool change table 34 described above, the new tool 15 is moved along the axis line. If the lock member 44 is not positioned at a predetermined position in the rotation direction centering on the lock member 44, the lock member 44 is not allowed to rotate. For this reason, the engaging protrusion 47a of the rotating member 47 is not detached from the restraining groove 50b of the restraining plate 50, and the push-in movement of the tool changer 34 from the tool change position to the tool delivery position becomes impossible.
[0041]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, an opening / closing cover 52 is attached to the inside of the opening 39 of the case 38 so as to be capable of opening and closing via a hinge 53, and is opened by a spring (not shown) provided on the hinge 53. Is urged to rotate. An interlocking mechanism 54 is provided between the opening / closing cover 52 and the tool changer 34, and the opening / closing cover 52 is opened and closed via the interlocking mechanism 54 as the tool changer 34 moves.
[0042]
That is, a planar substantially L-shaped interlocking lever 55 is rotatably mounted on the tool changer 34 via the support shaft 56. A pin 57 is provided at the distal end of the interlocking lever 55 and is slidably engaged with a long hole 52 a formed in the side surface of the opening / closing cover 52. When the tool changer 34 is pulled out and moved from the tool delivery position shown in FIG. 3 to the tool change position shown in FIG. 5, the pin 57 on the interlocking lever 55 remains in a long hole with the open / close cover 52 opened. Slide along the line 52a from the rear end to the front end. Thereafter, the opening / closing cover 52 is closed via the interlocking lever 55 with a delay from the start of the movement of the tool changer 34.
[0043]
Next, the operation of the tool changer configured as described above will be described.
When the old tool 15 accommodated and held in the tool holding recess 21a of the tool magazine 21 is replaced with a new tool 15, the number of the tool 15 to be replaced is designated from an operation panel (not shown). Then, the tool loader 23 takes out the old tool 15 from the tool holding recess 21 a together with the tool pot 22 in a state where the old tool 15 is held by the tool holder 16, and delivers it to the tool receiving member 28 of the lifting mechanism 26.
[0044]
In this state, the tool receiving member 28 of the elevating mechanism 26 is lowered, the old tool 15 is lowered together with the tool pot 22 to the tool delivery position, and the tool is inserted into the holding groove 16a on the outer periphery of the tool holder 16 as shown in FIG. The tool support member 40 of the exchange mechanism 33 is engaged. After that, when the operation lever 43 is rotated from the position indicated by the solid line in FIGS. 2 and 3 to the position indicated by the chain line, the lock release mechanism 42 is activated and the lock of the tool holder 16 with respect to the tool pot 22 is released. A state is formed in which the old tool 15 can be easily extracted from the tool pot 22 together with the tool holder 16.
[0045]
Subsequently, when the operation shaft 45 is rotated from the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 2 to the position indicated by the chain line by the operation knob 46, the lock member 44 is rotated clockwise from the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. Is rotated. As a result, the engaging claw portion 44 b of the lock member 44 is engaged with the first key groove 16 b of the tool holder 16, and the old tool 15 is locked to the tool support member 40 in a supported state. At the same time, the engaging protrusion 47a of the rotating member 47 is released from the restraining groove 50a of the restraining plate 50, and the pulling movement of the tool changing base 34 from the tool changing position is allowed.
[0046]
When the tool changer 34 is pulled out from the tool delivery position shown in FIG. 3 to the tool change position shown in FIG. 5 by the handle 37, the old tool 15 is extracted from the tool pot 22 on the tool receiving member 28, and the case 38. It is taken out from the opening 39 of the outside. At this time, as the tool changer 34 is pulled out, the pin 57 provided at the tip of the interlocking lever 55 of the interlocking mechanism 54 slides through the long hole 52a provided at one end of the cover 52 to move from the A position to the B position. To reach. At this time, the open / close cover 52 is rotated clockwise, and the opening 39 of the case 38 is closed as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the tool 15 is replaced, there is no possibility that the operator accidentally puts a hand or the like inside the opening 39.
[0047]
Next, when the rotation operation of the operation shaft 45 is released, the engaging claw portion 44b of the lock member 44 is detached from the first key groove 16b of the tool holder 16, and the old tool 15 is released from the locked state. At the same time, the engaging protrusion 47a of the rotating member 47 is engaged with the restricting groove 50b of the restricting plate 50, and the tool changing table 34 is moved and restricted to the tool changing position.
[0048]
After the tool 15 is replaced, when the operation shaft 45 is turned counterclockwise from the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 2 by the operation knob 46, the lock member 44 is moved to the position shown by the solid line in FIG. It tries to rotate clockwise from In this case, if the new tool 15 is positioned at a predetermined position in the rotation direction about the axis, the lock member 44 is rotated, and the engagement claw portion 44b is formed in the first key groove 16b of the tool holder 16. The new tool 15 is locked to the tool support member 40 by being engaged. At the same time, the engaging protrusion 47a of the rotating member 47 is released from the restraining groove 50b of the restraining plate 50, and the movement restraint of the tool changer 34 with respect to the tool changing position is released, and the pushing movement to the tool delivery position is possible. become.
[0049]
On the other hand, when the new tool 15 is not positioned on the tool support member 40 at a predetermined position in the rotation direction around the axis, the lock member 44 is prevented from being rotated. Thereby, the engaging protrusion 47a of the rotating member 47 is maintained in the engaged state without being disengaged from the restraining groove 50b of the restraining plate 50, and the push-in movement from the tool changing position of the tool changing table 34 to the tool delivery position is performed. Restrained, the operator rotates and aligns the tool holder 16 to the normal position. Therefore, the tool changer 34 is not pushed into the tool delivery position shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 2 in a state where the new tool 15 is not positioned at a predetermined position in the rotation direction, and the position of the new tool 15 is immediately corrected. Can do.
[0050]
When the tool changer 34 is pushed and moved from the tool change position shown in FIG. 5 to the tool delivery position shown in FIG. 3 in the locked state of the new tool 15 and the constraint release state of the tool changer 34, the new tool 15 is inserted into the case 38 through the opening 39 and inserted into the tool pot 22 on the tool receiving member 28. At this time, as the tool changer 34 is pushed in, the opening / closing cover 52 is opened and rotated via the interlocking lever 55 of the interlocking mechanism 54, and the opening 39 of the case 38 is opened as shown in FIG.
[0051]
When the turning operation of the operation shaft 45 by the operation knob 46 is released in a state where the tool changer 34 is moved to the tool delivery position in FIG. 3, the engagement protrusion 47a is formed in the restraining groove 50a by the action of the spring 49. The tool changer 34 is moved and restrained at the tool delivery position. Further, the engaging claw portion 44b of the lock member 44 is detached from the first key groove 16b of the tool holder 16, and the new tool 15 is released from the locked state.
[0052]
Thereafter, the tool receiving member 28 of the elevating mechanism 26 is raised, the new tool 15 is raised together with the tool pot 22, and the gripping groove 16 a of the tool holder 16 is detached from the tool support member 40 of the tool changing mechanism 33. Subsequently, the tool loader 23 receives the new tool 15 together with the tool pot 22 from the tool receiving member 28 and accommodates it in a predetermined tool holding recess 21 a of the tool magazine 21. Thereby, the exchange operation of the old tool 15 and the new tool 15 with respect to the tool holding recess 21a of the tool magazine 21 is completed.
[0053]
Therefore, according to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In this tool changer, the tool changer 34 is disposed so as to be movable between an internal tool delivery position and an external tool change position. A tool support member 40 is provided on the tool changer 34 to support the tool 15 together with the tool holder 16 in a detachable manner. A lock member and an operation shaft 45 are provided on the tool changer 34. By operating the operation shaft 45, the lock member 44 engages with the key groove 16b on the outer periphery of the tool holder 16, and the tool holder 16 is engaged with the tool support member. It is locked to the support state on 40. When the lock member 44 is not engaged with the key groove 16 b of the tool holder 16 during the operation of engaging the operation shaft 45, the movement of the tool changer 34 is restricted by the movement restricting mechanism 51 and the new tool 15 cannot be loaded. It is like that.
[0054]
For this reason, when the new tool 15 is replaced with the old tool 15 and mounted on the tool support member 40, the new tool 15 is accurately positioned at a predetermined position in the rotational direction about the axis with respect to the tool support member 40. Can be confirmed. Therefore, after the new tool 15 is not positioned at a predetermined position in the rotation direction, the new tool 15 is not mounted on the spindle 14 via the tool change arm 20 or the like after being received in the tool holding recess 21a of the tool magazine 21. It is possible to avoid redoing the exchange. In addition, the tool 15 can be properly attached to the tapered portion of the main shaft 14, and a reduction in machining accuracy can be prevented.
[0055]
(2) In this tool changer, the movement restraining mechanism 51 includes a turning member 47 that is turned as the operating shaft 45 is operated, and a restraining plate 50 that is disposed corresponding to the turning member 47. It is configured. The restraining plate 50 is formed with restraining grooves 50 a and 50 b that engage with the rotating member 47 and restrain the movement of the tool changer 34. For this reason, the structure of the movement restraining mechanism 51 is simple, and when the new tool 15 is not disposed at a predetermined position in the rotation direction, the movement restraint of the tool changer 34 can be reliably performed.
[0056]
(3) In this tool changer, the restraining grooves 50a and 50b are provided corresponding to the tool delivery position and the tool change position of the tool changer 34. For this reason, at the tool change position of the tool change table 34, the movement restriction of the tool change table 34 can be reliably performed, and at the tool delivery position of the tool change table 34, the lock of the tool holder 16 by the lock member 44 is achieved. Can be released easily.
[0057]
(4) In this tool changer, an opening 39 for pulling out the tool changer 34 is formed in the case 38 of the machine tool, and an opening / closing cover 52 is provided in the opening 39. An interlocking mechanism 54 for opening and closing the opening / closing cover 52 as the tool changing table 34 moves is provided between the opening / closing cover 52 and the tool changing table 34. Therefore, when the tool changer 34 is taken in and out of the opening 39 and the tool 15 on the tool support member 40 is changed, the open / close cover 52 is closed in conjunction with the drawing and pushing operation of the tool changer 34. And released. Therefore, during the replacement of the tool 15, the opening 39 of the case can be held in a closed state so that the operator's hand or the like cannot be put inside, and the safety of the operator can be ensured.
[0058]
(5) In this tool changer, the interlock mechanism 54 starts the closing operation of the opening / closing cover 52 during the pulling movement of the tool changer 34 from the tool delivery position to the tool change position. . Therefore, it is possible to prevent the opening / closing cover 52 from colliding with the tool changing table 34 or the tool support member 40 being pulled out when the opening / closing cover 52 is closed as the tool changing table 34 is pulled out.
[0059]
(Example of change)
In addition, this embodiment can also be changed and embodied as follows.
-In the said embodiment, although applied to the tool holder 16 of the Japanese Industrial Standard HSK which has the 1st keyway 16b and the 2nd keyway 16c from which a magnitude | size differs, the Japanese Industrial Standard which has a pair of key groove formed symmetrically You may apply to the tool holder of KM.
[0060]
In the embodiment, the lock configuration of the tool holder 16 by the lock member 44 may be arbitrarily changed.
In the embodiment, the movement restraining mechanism 51 for restraining the movement of the tool changer 34 may be arbitrarily changed.
[0061]
In the embodiment, the interlocking mechanism 54 for opening and closing the opening / closing cover 52 with the movement of the tool changer 34 may be arbitrarily changed.
Even when configured in this manner, substantially the same effects as those of the above embodiment can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a machine tool including a tool changer according to an embodiment.
2 is an enlarged front view of a main part showing the tool changer of FIG. 1; FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a main part of the tool changer of FIG. 2;
4 is a side view showing a restraint plate of the tool changer of FIG. 2. FIG.
5 is a plan view of a principal part showing an operation state of the tool changer of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 ... Spindle head, 14 ... Spindle, 15 ... Tool, 16 ... Tool holder, 16a ... Gripping groove, 16b ... First key groove, 18 ... Workpiece, 20 ... Tool exchange arm, 21 ... Tool magazine, 21a ... Tool holding recess , 22 ... Tool pot, 23 ... Tool loader, 26 ... Elevating mechanism, 28 ... Tool receiving member, 33 ... Tool changing mechanism, 34 ... Tool changing table, 37 ... Handle, 38 ... Case, 39 ... Opening, 40 ... Tool Support member 44 ... Lock member 44b ... Engagement claw part 45 ... Operation shaft as operation member 46 ... Operation knob 47 ... Rotating member 47a ... Engagement projection 50 ... Restraint plate 50a, 50b ... Constraint groove 51, movement restraint mechanism 52, opening / closing cover, 52 a, long hole 54, interlock mechanism, 55, interlock lever, 57, pin.

Claims (5)

In the tool changer that takes out the tool stored in the tool magazine and changes it,
A tool changer arranged to be movable between an internal tool delivery position and an external tool change position;
A tool support member that is provided on the tool change table and that removably supports the tool together with the tool holder;
A lock member that engages with a keyway on the outer periphery of the tool holder and locks the tool holder in a supported state on the tool support member;
A movement restraint mechanism for restraining movement of the tool changer from the tool change position;
An operation member for engaging and disengaging the lock member and restraining and releasing the restraint mechanism ;
The provided, depending on operation of the operation member, the locking member releases the movement restraint from the tool change position of the tool exchange unit by the moving restraint mechanism when engaged with the key groove of the tool holder, the locking member is a tool changer according to claim and Turkey to restrain movement from the tool change position of the tool exchange unit by the moving restraint mechanism when not engaged with the key groove of the tool holder. The movement restraining mechanism is composed of a turning member that is rotated in accordance with the operation of the operation member, and a restraining plate that is arranged corresponding to the turning member, and the restraining plate is engaged with the turning member. The tool changer according to claim 1, wherein a restriction groove for restricting movement of the tool changer is formed. The tool changer according to claim 2, wherein the constraint groove is provided corresponding to a tool delivery position and a tool change position of a tool change table. In the tool changer that takes out the tool stored in the tool magazine and changes it,
A tool changer arranged to be movable between an internal tool delivery position and an external tool change position;
A tool support member that is provided on the tool change table and that removably supports the tool together with the tool holder;
A lock member that engages with a keyway on the outer periphery of the tool holder and locks the tool holder in a supported state on the tool support member;
An operation member for engaging and disengaging the lock member;
A movement restraining mechanism for restraining the movement of the tool changer when the lock member is not engaged with the key groove of the tool holder during the engagement operation of the operation member;
Wherein the the opening formed in the case to draw the tool exchange unit is provided an opening and closing cover to open and close the cover with the movement of the tool exchange unit between the opening and closing cover and the tool exchange unit tool change device you characterized in that a linkage mechanism for. 5. The tool changer according to claim 4, wherein the interlocking mechanism is configured to operate the opening / closing cover while the tool changer is being pulled out from the tool delivery position to the tool change position.

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