JP4154189B2 - Silica-containing acrylic resin pre-coated metal painted plate - Google Patents
Silica-containing acrylic resin pre-coated metal painted plate Download PDFInfo
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- JP4154189B2 JP4154189B2 JP2002246630A JP2002246630A JP4154189B2 JP 4154189 B2 JP4154189 B2 JP 4154189B2 JP 2002246630 A JP2002246630 A JP 2002246630A JP 2002246630 A JP2002246630 A JP 2002246630A JP 4154189 B2 JP4154189 B2 JP 4154189B2
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- acrylic resin
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Description
【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
この発明は、防汚性能が必要な自動車等輸送機器の外板、建材、家電製品等に用いられるプレコート金属塗装板に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
良く知られているように、自動車の外板や建材等は、土砂、埃、煤塵、排ガス中の粒子状物質などが付着して汚れが生じやすい。例えば自動車の側面外装板には、筋状の黒い汚れが付着しやすいが、このような筋状の黒い汚れは除去しにくいのが通常である。この筋状の汚れは、大気中に浮遊する土砂、埃、煤塵、排ガス中の粒子状物質などが外装板の塗膜表面に付着・堆積し、降雨によって筋状に流れて、一部残留したものが、乾燥後、黒い筋として見えるものであり、このような筋状の汚れの除去にはかなりの時間と手間を必要とすることが多い。
【0003】
上述のような汚れの付着対策としては、例えば自動車の外板については、従来は撥水性ワックスを予め塗膜表面に塗布しておくことが一般的である。しかしながら撥水性ワックスを塗布しても、撥水性能が必ずしも充分でないため、塗膜表面に形成された汚れ成分を含む水滴が転がり落ちず、乾燥後汚れが残存してしまい、充分な対策とはならないことが多かったのが実情である。
【0004】
そこで自動車の外板等に使用される塗装板における塗膜自体について、汚れが付着・堆積しにくい性能、すなわち防汚性を向上させることが望まれている。
【0005】
塗膜の防汚性の向上のための方法としては、例えば特開2000−346586の「アルミニウム材の表面処理方法及び熱交換器の製造方法」に示されるような、高親水性、抗菌性、抗黴性、防臭性、防汚性に優れた性能を発揮するアルミニウム表面処理方法が提案されている。
【0006】
しかしながらこの提案は、熱交換器を製造した後に塗装するいわゆるポストコートタイプの塗装板について考慮されたものであり、次に述べるようなプレコート金属塗装板における成形時の塗膜割れに対しての検討がなされていない、という根本的な問題を有している。
【0007】
すなわち自動車の外板や建材等については、成形加工後の塗装作業の負担を軽減して、生産性を向上させるため、最近では成形加工を施していない状態の金属板(通常はコイル状態のままの金属板)の表面に、予め樹脂を基材とする塗膜を形成して、いわゆるプレコート金属塗装板としておき、そのプレコート金属塗装板に対して成形加工を施して自動車の外板等に適用することが多くなっている。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述のようなプレコート金属塗装板の場合、塗膜基材の樹脂に対して、防汚性能を初めとする塗膜性能向上のために種々の成分を添加することが多いが、このような添加成分のために塗装後の成形時に割れを生じることがある。しかるに前記提案の方法では、前述のようにポストコートタイプを想定しているため、成形時における塗膜の割れについては特に配慮されていなかったのである。
【0009】
この発明は以上の事情を背景としてなされたもので、防汚性能を初めとする塗膜性能とプレコート板状態での成形加工性(成形時の塗膜割れの有無)とを両立させたプレコート金属塗装板を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は上述のような課題を解決するため鋭意研究を行った結果、アクリル系樹脂を基材とする塗膜を形成したプレコート金属塗装板について、その表面粗さを適切に調整するとともに、塗膜の添加成分、添加量を適切に調整することによって、前述の課題を解決し得ることを見出し、この発明をなすに至った。
【0011】
具体的には、請求項1の発明は、成形加工前の状態で予め金属板表面に塗膜が形成されてなるプレコート金属塗装板において、塗装板表面の中心線平均粗さRaが0.15μm以下であり、かつ前記塗膜として、少なくとも外表面側に、アクリル系樹脂を基材としかつ0.1μm以下の平均粒径のコロイダルシリカを乾燥塗膜重量の1〜10%含有するシリカ含有アクリル系樹脂塗膜層が形成されていることを特徴とするものである。
【0012】
また請求項2の発明は、請求項1に記載のシリカ含有アクリル系樹脂プレコート金属塗装板において、前記シリカ含有アクリル系樹脂塗膜層が、さらにアルコキシ基を含有する平均重合度が3〜50のシリコーン化合物を乾燥塗膜層重量の0.1〜5%含有することを特徴とするものである。
【0013】
さらに請求項3の発明は、請求項1もしくは請求項2に記載のシリカ含有アクリル系樹脂プレコート金属塗装板において、前記シリカ含有アクリル系樹脂塗膜層が、さらに1種または2種以上の顔料もしくは染料を乾燥塗膜層重量の0.1〜40%含有することを特徴とするものである。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
金属塗装板表面の汚れには金属塗装板表面の凹凸が大きく影響する。例えば表面の凹凸が深ければ、土砂、埃、煤塵、排ガス中の粒子状物質等が付着して堆積しやすくなり、拭いても除去しにくくなる。また表面の凹凸が深ければ、これらの粒子状物質等が付着した後に雨水等がかかった時、雨水が溜まって乾きにくくなる。したがって、汚れが付着しにくくしかも落としやすくするためには、金属塗装板表面の凹凸すなわち表面粗さを小さくすることが必要である。本発明者等の実験によれば、上述のような防汚の目的を達成し、かつ高い光沢度を得るためには、塗装板表面の中心線平均粗さRaを0.15μm以下とする必要があることを見出しており、したがってこの発明では塗装板表面の中心線平均粗さRaを0.15μm以下と規定した。
【0015】
なお、塗装板表面の粗度(塗膜表面の粗度)は、塗膜の下地である金属板表面の粗度の影響を受ける。そこでこの発明で用いる金属板表面の粗度は、中心線平均粗さRaで0.4μm以下とすることが好ましい。すなわち、塗膜としてシリカ含有アクリル系樹脂を塗布する場合、後述するように塗膜厚さ等にも影響されるが、金属板表面のRaを0.4μm以下とすることによって塗装板表面のRaを0.15μm以下とすることが容易となる。
【0016】
なおまた下地の金属板は、アルミニウム合金板、銅板、鋼鈑、チタン板、マグネシウム板等、塗装が可能な材料であれば特に限定されるものではなく、用途に応じて選択すれば良い。
【0017】
この発明において、塗膜の基材である樹脂としては、アクリル系樹脂を用いる。ここでアクリル系樹脂とは、アクリル樹脂を主体とするものである。アクリル樹脂は総合的に塗膜性能が良好で比較的に安価なことから一般的に塗料に多く使用されており、特に塗膜表面の光沢を比較的高くすることができ、また比較的硬い塗膜を形成させることができることから、自動車外板や建材等に最適である。
【0018】
なおアクリル樹脂は、アクリル酸、およびメタクリル酸等とそれらのエステルの共重合物であるが、このようなアクリル樹脂に、エポキシ樹脂、メラミン樹脂、フッ素樹脂、ウレタン樹脂等が少量混合されていても特に支障はない。
【0019】
この発明では、上述のようなアクリル系樹脂を基材とする塗膜には、親水性付与のためにコロイダルシリカを添加して、シリカ含有アクリル系樹脂塗膜とする。すなわち、コロイダルシリカはシラノールを形成して親水性をもたらすことができる。そしてコロイダルシリカの添加により塗膜に親水性を付与しておくことによって、塗膜表面にかかった雨水等が円滑に流れて溜まりにくくなり、付着した汚れを落としやすくすることができる。
【0020】
ここで塗装板表面の粗度、すなわち塗膜表面の粗度は、塗膜中に含まれるコロイダルシリカの粒径の影響を受け、コロイダルシリカの粒径が大きければ塗装板表面の粗度Raを0.15μm以下に調整することが困難となる。そこでこの発明ではシリカ含有アクリル系樹脂塗膜に含有されるコロイダルシリカの平均粒径を0.1μm以下と規定した。また塗膜に含まれるコロイダルシリカの粒径は、成形性にも大きく影響する。すなわちプレコート金属塗装板に対して成形加工を行なう際に、コロイダルシリカの粒径が大きければ、そのコロイダルシリカが塗膜の割れの起点となってしまう。したがってこの点からもコロイダルシリカの粒径を0.1μm以下とする必要がある。なお後述するようにコロイダルシリカの粒径は親水性にも影響を与え、コロイダルシリカが微細であるほど親水性は良好となり、その点からも、コロイダルシリカの粒径は0.1μm以下が好ましい。
【0021】
さらに、塗膜に含まれるコロイダルシリカの含有量は、親水性の程度に影響を与える。親水性は通常は水との接触角で評価されるが、自動車外板や建材等のプレコート金属塗装板としては、塗装板表面の水との初期接触角を50°以下とすることが望ましい。50°を越える接触角を有する場合、すなわち親水性が低い場合には、付着した雨水等が溜まりやすくなって、汚れを流し落とすことが阻害されてしまう。このように50°以下の接触角となるような親水性を確保するためには、シリカ含有アクリル系樹脂塗膜中のコロイダルシリカの量を、乾燥塗膜重量の1%以上とする必要がある。1%未満では親水性の効果が充分に得られず、一方10%を越えれば親水性のそれ以上の向上がなく、コストアップとなるだけである。
【0022】
なおシリカ含有アクリル系樹脂塗膜中のコロイダルシリカの量は、後に改めて説明するように、塗膜の硬さ、成形加工時の割れの生じやすさに影響を与えるが、塗膜乾燥重量の1〜10%の範囲内であれば、塗膜として柔らか過ぎず、かつ硬過ぎず(したがって割れが発生しにくく)、良好な加工性能を有する塗膜とすることができる。
【0023】
なおまた、コロイダルシリカの粒径も親水性に影響を与え、0.1μm以下の微細なものとすることによって塗膜表面にシラノールを微細に存在させて、水濡れをより良好にすることできる。
【0024】
なお、親水性をより向上させたい場合には、コロイダルシリカのほか、アルコキシ基を含有するシリコーン化合物を塗膜に乾燥塗膜重量の0.1〜5%添加することが好ましい。ここで、アルコキシ基を含有するシリコーン化合物としては、平均重合度が3〜50のものを用いることが望ましい。重合度が3より低ければ、加水分解され難いため親水性を向上させる効果が得られず、一方重合度が50より高ければゲル化しやすくなって塗膜として成り立たなくなる。
【0025】
さらに、シリカ含有アクリル系樹脂塗膜中に含まれるコロイダルシリカの粒径、含有量が塗膜の硬さおよび成形時の塗膜割れの発生に与える影響について説明する。
【0026】
土砂、埃、煤塵、排ガス中の粒子状物質等は、塗膜表面が軟らかければ塗膜中に埋没しやすく、除去しにくい汚れとなる。したがって防汚性の観点からは塗膜は硬い方がよい。しかしながら、プレコート金属塗装板に対しては成形加工が行われるから、塗膜が硬ければ成形時に塗膜割れが発生しやすくなってしまう。すなわち、塗膜の硬さに関しては、防汚性からの要求と成形性からの要求とが相反する。このような相反する性能を満足させるためには、硬化剤・焼付条件だけでは制御が難しく、そこでこの発明では、塗膜中のコロイダルシリカの粒径と添加量を適切に調整することによってこれらの相反する性能を満足させている。
【0027】
すなわち、硬質なコロイダルシリカを塗膜に添加することによって、塗膜を硬くする一方、コロイダルシリカの粒径を0.1μm以下に規制することによって成形時の割れの起点となってしまうことを防止している。またコロイダルシリカの添加量も重要であり、コロイダルシリカの添加量が1%未満であれば、コロイダルシリカの粒子数も少なくなるため、成形時の割れの起点が少なくなって割れが生じにくくなるが、塗膜が柔らか過ぎて成形時や使用時に傷付きやすくなる。一方コロイダルシリカの添加量が10%を越えれば塗膜は硬くなるが、塗膜割れの起点が多くなって、成形時に割れが発生しやすくなる。
【0028】
そしてまた、前記両性能の兼ね合いから、塗膜表面の硬さは、鉛筆硬度で3H〜5Hの範囲内とすることが好ましい。3H未満であれば成形しやすい反面、汚れやすくなり、一方5Hを越えれば汚れにくくなる反面、成形しにくくなってしまう。
【0029】
この発明のプレコート金属塗装板における塗膜は、後述するように単層構造でも2層構造でも良いが、その全体の厚さは、合計厚さで10〜30μmの範囲内とすることが好ましい。塗膜の厚さが10μm未満では、下地である金属板の表面粗度の影響を受けて塗装板表面(塗膜表面)にも凹凸が生じ、塗装板表面粗さRaを0.15μm以下に調整することが困難となりやすく、また塗膜の耐食性も低下する。しかしながら、合計塗膜厚さが30μmを越えてもそれ以上の特性の向上が得られないのが通常である。
【0030】
塗膜の構成としては、前述のようなコロイダルシリカを添加したアクリル系樹脂を基材とする塗膜(シリカ含有アクリル樹脂系塗膜)だけの単層構造でも良いが、場合によっては2層構造としても良い。2層構造とする場合、少なくとも外面側のトップコート層として前述のようなシリカ含有アクリル系樹脂塗膜層を形成すれば良い。一方基材金属板側のベースコート(アンダーコート)層としては、一般に良く使用されている高分子ポリエステル樹脂、あるいはエポキシ樹脂を用いれば良いが、トップコートや下地金属との塗膜密着性が満足できれば特に限定されるものではない。
【0031】
トップコート層の塗膜厚さはベースコート層との兼ね合いで決まる。すなわちベースコート層が厚ければトップコート層は薄くて良く、一方ベースコート層を省略した単層構造とする場合はトップコート層の塗膜層厚さがそのまま全塗膜厚さになる。
【0032】
2層構造とした場合のトップコート層の厚さは2〜20μmの範囲内が好ましい。ベースコート層有りの場合、トップコート層の厚さが2μm以下では、前述のような諸性能を発揮することが困難となり、一方トップコート層の厚さが20μmを越えても、それ以上の効果は期待できず、コストアップを招くだけである。そしてまたベースコート層を省略して単層構造とする場合には、トップコート層だけで10μm以上にする必要がある。
【0033】
さらに、シリカ含有アクリル樹脂系塗膜には、アクリル系樹脂に必要に応じて種々の顔料あるいは染料を添加して、所望の塗膜色を得ることができる。例えば顔料としては、白色の塗膜色を得たい場合は主として酸化チタンを添加し、黒色の塗膜色を得たい場合は主としてカーボンブラックを添加すれば良く、また染料の例としては、青色の塗膜を得たい場合フタロシアニンブルーを添加すれば良い。このような顔料もしくは染料の1種または2種以上を添加する場合、これらの量は乾燥塗膜重量の0.1〜40%とすることが好ましい。そのほか、耐候性をさらに向上させるために、塗膜に紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤を含有させても良い。
【0034】
【実施例】
下地の金属板(素板)として、JIS5052合金H34材からなる厚さ0.7mmのアルミニウム合金板を用い、リン酸ソーダ系の脱脂剤で脱脂した後、リン酸クロメートによる化成処理皮膜を形成した。その後必要に応じて高分子ポリエステル樹脂からなるアンダーコート塗膜層を形成した後、トップコート層として、アクリル系樹脂にコロイダルシリカを添加しかつ必要に応じてアルコキシ基シリコーン化合物、顔料、塗料を添加した塗膜層を形成して、塗装板を製造した。詳細な条件を表1中に示す。なおトップコート層としてのアクリル系樹脂塗膜層の焼付条件は、260℃×60秒とし、高分子ポリエステル樹脂を用いたアンダーコート塗膜層の焼付条件は、210℃×60秒とした。なおまたアルコキシ基を含有するシリコーン化合物としては、平均重合度が10のものを用いた。
【0035】
【表1】
【0036】
製造した塗装板について、次のようにして諸性能を評価し、その結果を表2に示した。
【0037】
耐汚染性:
赤マジックインク除去性およびカーボンブラック除去性によって評価した。そのうち赤マジックインク除去性は、市販のサクラネーム(登録商標)赤マジックインクで3cm×5cmの線を描き、24時間放置した後、エタノールを浸したキムワイプで20回擦った後の塗膜表面に残存した赤マジックを、目視によって評価した。またカーボンブラック除去性は、5%カーボンブラック水溶液をスプレーで吹き付け、80℃×2時間乾燥して冷却した後、ブラシにて水洗し、塗膜表面に残存したカーボンブラックを、目視により評価した。いずれも完全に除去されたものを○、少し残ったものを△、相当量残ったものを×とし、中間レベルのものは両方のマークを付した。評価基準としては、○、○△、△を合格、△×、×を不合格とした。
【0038】
曲げ加工性:
3Tあるいは4Tの180度曲げを施して、曲げ部の塗膜の割れ状況を目視観察した。塗膜割れ無しの場合を○、塗膜割れが少ない場合を△、塗膜割れが多い場合を×とし、中間レベルのものは両方のマークを付した。評価基準としては、○、○△、△を合格、△×、×を不合格とした。
【0039】
塗膜硬さ:
塗膜硬さを、いずれの硬さの鉛筆芯で引っ掻いて傷が入らないかにより評価した。評価基準は、2Hまでを不合格、3Hより硬い場合を合格とした。
【0040】
親水性:
塗膜表面の親水性を水接触角で評価した。評価基準は、角度が小さい方が良好で、50度以下を合格、50度を越えた場合を不合格とした。
【0041】
大気暴露試験:
工業地帯において6ケ月間、12ケ月間の大気暴露試験を行ない、6ケ月後、12ケ月後の汚れ外観、および汚れの除去性によって評価した。汚れ外観については、汚れが全く無い場合を○、汚れがややある場合を△、汚れが相当ある場合を×とし、中間レベルの場合は両方のマークを付した。また汚れの除去性については、水で拭いた後の塗装表面で汚れが完全に除去された場合を○、汚れがやや残った場合を△、汚れが相当残った場合を×とし、中間レベルの場合は両方のマークを付した。いずれも評価基準としては、○、○△、△を合格、△×、×を不合格とした。
【0042】
【表2】
【0043】
表2に示すように、比較例1は金属素板表面の中心線平均粗さRaが0.4μmよりも大きいため、塗装板表面(塗膜表面)の中心線粗さRaが0.15μm以下にならず、大気暴露での汚れ外観、汚れの除去性が劣ってしまった。
【0044】
比較例2はコロイダルシリカの平均粒経が0.3μmと大きいため、塗装板表面のRaが0.15μm以下にならず、またコロイダルシリカの含有量が多いために曲げ加工性が劣り、大気暴露での汚れ外観、汚れの除去性が劣ってしまった。
【0045】
比較例3はコロイダルシリカを添加していないため、耐汚染性が劣り、親水性、鉛筆硬さも劣り、大気暴露での汚れ外観、汚れの除去性が劣ってしまった。
【0046】
比較例4はコロイダルシリカの添加量が少ないため、耐汚染性が劣り、親水性が劣り、大気暴露での汚れ外観、汚れの除去性が劣ってしまった。
【0047】
比較例5は塗装板表面のRaが0.19μmと比較的大きく、そのため耐汚染性が若干劣り、大気暴露での汚れ外観、汚れの除去性がやや劣ってしまった。
【0048】
一方発明例4は、アルコキシ基を含有するシリコ−ン化合物を添加していないために、その他の発明例と比較すれば耐汚染性が僅かに劣り、親水性も僅かに劣っているが、いずれも各比較例よりは良好で、実用レベルに達していた。
【0049】
その他の発明例では、評価した結果は全項目が良好であった。
【0050】
また表には示していないが、そのほかの塗膜性能である密着性、沸水試験後の外観及び塗膜密着性、耐食性についても、全ての発明例で良好であった。
【0051】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように、この発明のプレコート金属塗装板によれば、防汚性を初めとする塗膜性能とプレコート板としての加工性とを両立させることができ、これらの特性を必要とする自動車等輸送機器の外板、建材、家電製品等に好適に用いることができる。[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a pre-coated metal-coated plate used for outer plates, building materials, home appliances, and the like of transportation equipment such as automobiles that require antifouling performance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As is well known, outer plates and building materials of automobiles are easily contaminated with earth and sand, dust, dust, particulate matter in exhaust gas, and the like. For example, streaky black dirt tends to adhere to the side surface exterior plate of an automobile, but such streaky black dirt is usually difficult to remove. The streaks of dirt, dirt and dust floating in the atmosphere, particulate matter in exhaust gas, etc. adhere to and accumulate on the coating film surface of the exterior plate, and flow in a streak due to rain and partially remain. Things appear as black streaks after drying, and removal of such streaks often requires considerable time and effort.
[0003]
As a countermeasure against the adhesion of dirt as described above, for example, conventionally, a water-repellent wax is generally applied to the surface of a coating film in advance for an outer plate of an automobile. However, even if water-repellent wax is applied, the water-repellent performance is not always sufficient, so the water droplets containing the dirt component formed on the surface of the coating film do not roll, and dirt remains after drying. The fact is that there were many things that did not happen.
[0004]
Therefore, it is desired to improve the performance of the coating film itself on the coating plate used for the outer plate of automobiles, etc., in which dirt is less likely to adhere and accumulate, that is, the antifouling property.
[0005]
Examples of the method for improving the antifouling property of the coating film include high hydrophilicity, antibacterial properties, and the like as disclosed in “A surface treatment method of aluminum material and manufacturing method of heat exchanger” of JP-A-2000-346586. There has been proposed an aluminum surface treatment method that exhibits excellent performance in anti-rust, deodorant and antifouling properties.
[0006]
However, this proposal has been considered for so-called post-coat type paint plates that are painted after the heat exchanger has been manufactured. There is a fundamental problem that is not done.
[0007]
In other words, for automobile outer panels and building materials, metal plates that have not been molded recently (usually in a coiled state) are used to reduce the burden of painting work after molding and improve productivity. The surface of the metal plate) is pre-formed with a resin-based coating film, which is used as a so-called pre-coated metal-coated plate. The pre-coated metal-coated plate is then molded and applied to the outer panel of an automobile. There is a lot to do.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the case of the pre-coated metal coated plate as described above, various components are often added to the coating base resin to improve the coating performance including antifouling performance. Due to the components, cracks may occur during molding after painting. However, since the proposed method assumes a post-coat type as described above, no particular consideration was given to cracking of the coating film during molding.
[0009]
The present invention has been made against the background described above, and is a precoated metal that achieves both coating performance including antifouling performance and molding processability in the precoated plate state (presence or absence of coating film cracking during molding). The object is to provide a painted plate.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have appropriately adjusted the surface roughness of the pre-coated metal coated plate on which a coating film based on an acrylic resin is formed. The inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by appropriately adjusting the additive components and the addition amount of the coating film, and have made the present invention.
[0011]
Specifically, the invention of claim 1 is a pre-coated metal coated plate in which a coating film is previously formed on the surface of the metal plate in a state before forming, and the center line average roughness Ra of the coated plate surface is 0.15 μm. Silica-containing acrylic containing 1 to 10% of the dry coating weight of colloidal silica based on an acrylic resin and having an average particle size of 0.1 μm or less on at least the outer surface side as the coating film A resin-based resin coating layer is formed.
[0012]
The invention of claim 2 is the silica-containing acrylic resin precoated metal coated plate according to claim 1, wherein the silica-containing acrylic resin coating layer further contains an alkoxy group and has an average degree of polymerization of 3-50. The silicone compound is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 5% of the dry coating layer weight.
[0013]
Furthermore, the invention of claim 3 is the silica-containing acrylic resin pre-coated metal coated plate according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the silica-containing acrylic resin coating layer further comprises one or more pigments or The dye is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 40% of the dry coating layer weight.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Unevenness on the surface of the metal coating plate greatly affects the dirt on the surface of the metal coating plate. For example, if the unevenness of the surface is deep, earth and sand, dust, dust, particulate matter in exhaust gas, etc. will adhere and accumulate easily, and it will be difficult to remove even if wiped. Also, if the irregularities on the surface are deep, when rainwater or the like is applied after the particulate matter or the like adheres, the rainwater accumulates and becomes difficult to dry. Therefore, in order to make it difficult for dirt to adhere and easy to remove, it is necessary to reduce the unevenness, that is, the surface roughness of the surface of the metal coating plate. According to the experiments by the present inventors, the center line average roughness Ra of the coated plate surface needs to be 0.15 μm or less in order to achieve the above-mentioned antifouling purpose and obtain high glossiness. Therefore, in the present invention, the center line average roughness Ra of the coated plate surface is defined to be 0.15 μm or less.
[0015]
The roughness of the coated plate surface (coating film surface roughness) is affected by the roughness of the surface of the metal plate that is the base of the coating film. Therefore, the roughness of the surface of the metal plate used in the present invention is preferably 0.4 μm or less in terms of the center line average roughness Ra. That is, when silica-containing acrylic resin is applied as a coating film, it is influenced by the coating film thickness and the like as will be described later, but by setting the Ra on the metal plate surface to 0.4 μm or less, the Ra on the coating plate surface Of 0.15 μm or less.
[0016]
The base metal plate is not particularly limited as long as it is a paintable material such as an aluminum alloy plate, a copper plate, a steel plate, a titanium plate, or a magnesium plate, and may be selected according to the application.
[0017]
In the present invention, an acrylic resin is used as the resin that is the base material of the coating film. Here, acrylic resin is mainly composed of acrylic resin. Acrylic resins are generally used in many paints because they have good overall coating performance and are relatively inexpensive. Particularly, the gloss of the coating surface can be made relatively high, and a relatively hard coating can be applied. Since a film can be formed, it is optimal for automobile outer panels and building materials.
[0018]
The acrylic resin is a copolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and the like and esters thereof. Even if such an acrylic resin is mixed with a small amount of epoxy resin, melamine resin, fluorine resin, urethane resin, or the like. There is no particular problem.
[0019]
In the present invention, colloidal silica is added to the coating film having the acrylic resin as a base material as described above for imparting hydrophilicity to obtain a silica-containing acrylic resin coating film. That is, colloidal silica can form silanol and provide hydrophilicity. And by adding hydrophilicity to the coating film by the addition of colloidal silica, rainwater or the like applied to the coating film surface flows smoothly and is difficult to accumulate, and the attached dirt can be easily removed.
[0020]
Here, the roughness of the coating plate surface, that is, the roughness of the coating film surface is affected by the particle size of the colloidal silica contained in the coating film. If the particle size of the colloidal silica is large, the roughness Ra of the coating plate surface is determined. It becomes difficult to adjust to 0.15 μm or less. Therefore, in the present invention, the average particle size of colloidal silica contained in the silica-containing acrylic resin coating film is defined as 0.1 μm or less. Moreover, the particle size of the colloidal silica contained in the coating film greatly affects the moldability. That is, when the pre-coated metal coated plate is molded, if the particle size of the colloidal silica is large, the colloidal silica becomes a starting point for cracking of the coating film. Therefore, also from this point, the particle size of colloidal silica needs to be 0.1 μm or less. As will be described later, the particle size of the colloidal silica also affects the hydrophilicity. The finer the colloidal silica, the better the hydrophilicity. From this point, the particle size of the colloidal silica is preferably 0.1 μm or less.
[0021]
Furthermore, the content of colloidal silica contained in the coating film affects the degree of hydrophilicity. The hydrophilicity is usually evaluated by a contact angle with water. However, as a pre-coated metal coated plate such as an automobile outer plate or building material, the initial contact angle with water on the surface of the coated plate is preferably 50 ° or less. When the contact angle exceeds 50 °, that is, when the hydrophilicity is low, the attached rainwater or the like tends to be accumulated, and the removal of dirt is hindered. Thus, in order to ensure the hydrophilicity that results in a contact angle of 50 ° or less, the amount of colloidal silica in the silica-containing acrylic resin coating film needs to be 1% or more of the dry coating film weight. . If it is less than 1%, a sufficient hydrophilic effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10%, there is no further improvement in hydrophilicity and only the cost is increased.
[0022]
As will be described later, the amount of colloidal silica in the silica-containing acrylic resin coating film affects the hardness of the coating film and the likelihood of cracking during molding. If it is within the range of -10%, the coating film is not too soft and not too hard (thus making it difficult to generate cracks), and a coating film having good processing performance can be obtained.
[0023]
In addition, the particle size of colloidal silica also affects the hydrophilicity, and by making the particle size as fine as 0.1 μm or less, silanol can be finely present on the surface of the coating film, and water wetting can be improved.
[0024]
In addition, when it is desired to further improve the hydrophilicity, it is preferable to add a silicone compound containing an alkoxy group in addition to colloidal silica to the coating film in an amount of 0.1 to 5% of the dry coating film weight. Here, as a silicone compound containing an alkoxy group, it is desirable to use a compound having an average degree of polymerization of 3 to 50. If the degree of polymerization is lower than 3, it is difficult to be hydrolyzed, so that the effect of improving hydrophilicity cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the degree of polymerization is higher than 50, gelation tends to occur and the coating film cannot be formed.
[0025]
Further, the effect of the particle size and content of colloidal silica contained in the silica-containing acrylic resin coating film on the hardness of the coating film and the occurrence of coating film cracking during molding will be described.
[0026]
Sediment, dust, soot, particulate matter in exhaust gas, etc., are easily buried in the coating film and difficult to remove if the coating film surface is soft. Therefore, it is better that the coating film is hard from the viewpoint of antifouling properties. However, since the pre-coated metal coated plate is molded, if the coating film is hard, cracking of the coating film is likely to occur during molding. That is, regarding the hardness of the coating film, the demand from antifouling properties and the demand from moldability are contradictory. In order to satisfy such contradictory performance, it is difficult to control only by the curing agent and baking conditions. Therefore, in the present invention, by appropriately adjusting the particle size and addition amount of colloidal silica in the coating film, it is possible to control these. Satisfying conflicting performance.
[0027]
That is, by adding hard colloidal silica to the coating film, the coating film is hardened, but by preventing the colloidal silica particle size from being 0.1 μm or less, it is prevented from becoming a starting point of cracking during molding. is doing. Also, the amount of colloidal silica added is important. If the amount of colloidal silica added is less than 1%, the number of particles of colloidal silica is reduced, so that the starting point of cracking during molding is reduced and cracking is less likely to occur. The coating film is too soft and is easily damaged during molding and use. On the other hand, if the amount of colloidal silica added exceeds 10%, the coating film becomes hard, but the starting point of coating film cracking increases, and cracking tends to occur during molding.
[0028]
Moreover, it is preferable that the hardness of the coating film surface is in the range of 3H to 5H in terms of pencil hardness in view of the balance between the two performances. If it is less than 3H, it will be easy to mold, but it will become dirty easily, while if it exceeds 5H, it will be difficult to stain, but it will be difficult to mold.
[0029]
As will be described later, the coating film on the precoated metal coated plate of the present invention may have a single layer structure or a two layer structure, but the total thickness is preferably in the range of 10 to 30 μm in total thickness. If the thickness of the coating film is less than 10 μm, the coating plate surface (coating surface) is uneven due to the influence of the surface roughness of the metal plate as the base, and the coating plate surface roughness Ra is 0.15 μm or less. It tends to be difficult to adjust, and the corrosion resistance of the coating film also decreases. However, even if the total coating thickness exceeds 30 μm, no further improvement in properties is usually obtained.
[0030]
The composition of the coating film may be a single-layer structure of only a coating film (silica-containing acrylic resin-based coating film) based on an acrylic resin to which colloidal silica is added as described above. It is also good. In the case of a two-layer structure, a silica-containing acrylic resin coating layer as described above may be formed at least as a top coat layer on the outer surface side. On the other hand, as the base coat (undercoat) layer on the base metal plate side, generally used polymer polyester resin or epoxy resin may be used, but if the coating film adhesion with the top coat or the base metal can be satisfied. It is not particularly limited.
[0031]
The coating thickness of the top coat layer is determined by the balance with the base coat layer. That is, if the base coat layer is thick, the top coat layer may be thin. On the other hand, in the case of a single layer structure in which the base coat layer is omitted, the coat layer thickness of the top coat layer is the total coat thickness.
[0032]
The thickness of the top coat layer in the case of a two-layer structure is preferably in the range of 2 to 20 μm. When the base coat layer is present, if the thickness of the top coat layer is 2 μm or less, it becomes difficult to exhibit the above-mentioned various performances. On the other hand, even if the thickness of the top coat layer exceeds 20 μm, the effect is not so great. It can't be expected and it only increases costs. When the base coat layer is omitted and a single layer structure is used, the top coat layer alone needs to be 10 μm or more.
[0033]
Furthermore, a desired coating color can be obtained by adding various pigments or dyes to the acrylic resin as required. For example, as a pigment, titanium oxide is mainly added when a white coating color is desired, and carbon black is mainly added when a black coating color is desired. In order to obtain a coating film, phthalocyanine blue may be added. When one or more of such pigments or dyes are added, these amounts are preferably 0.1 to 40% of the dry coating film weight. In addition, in order to further improve the weather resistance, the coating film may contain an ultraviolet absorber or a light stabilizer.
[0034]
【Example】
A 0.7 mm-thick aluminum alloy plate made of JIS 5052 alloy H34 material was used as the base metal plate (element plate), and after degreasing with a sodium phosphate-based degreasing agent, a chemical conversion treatment film with phosphoric acid chromate was formed. . Then, if necessary, after forming an undercoat coating layer composed of a high-molecular polyester resin, add colloidal silica to the acrylic resin as a topcoat layer, and add an alkoxy group silicone compound, pigment, or paint as necessary The coated layer was formed to produce a coated plate. Detailed conditions are shown in Table 1. The baking condition of the acrylic resin coating layer as the top coat layer was 260 ° C. × 60 seconds, and the baking condition of the undercoat coating layer using the polymer polyester resin was 210 ° C. × 60 seconds. In addition, as the silicone compound containing an alkoxy group, one having an average polymerization degree of 10 was used.
[0035]
[Table 1]
[0036]
Various performances of the manufactured coated plate were evaluated as follows, and the results are shown in Table 2.
[0037]
Contamination resistance:
The red magic ink removability and carbon black removability were evaluated. Among them, the red magic ink removal property is that a 3 cm x 5 cm line is drawn with a commercially available Sakuraname (registered trademark) red magic ink, left for 24 hours, and then rubbed 20 times with a Kimwipe dipped in ethanol. The remaining red magic was evaluated visually. The carbon black removability was evaluated by visually observing carbon black remaining on the surface of the coating film after spraying a 5% carbon black aqueous solution by spraying, drying and cooling at 80 ° C. for 2 hours, washing with a brush. In each case, the mark that was completely removed was marked with ◯, the mark with a little remaining was marked with △, and the mark with a considerable amount remaining was marked with x, and those with intermediate levels were marked with both marks. As evaluation criteria, ○, ○ △, and Δ were acceptable, and Δ × and x were unacceptable.
[0038]
Bending workability:
A 180 degree bending of 3T or 4T was performed, and the cracking state of the coating film at the bent portion was visually observed. The case where there was no coating film cracking was marked with ◯, the case where there were few coating film cracking was marked with Δ, the case where there were many coating film cracking was marked with ×, and those with intermediate levels were marked with both marks. As evaluation criteria, ○, ○ △, and Δ were acceptable, and Δ × and x were unacceptable.
[0039]
Film hardness:
The hardness of the coating film was evaluated by scratching with a pencil lead having any hardness to prevent scratches. As the evaluation criteria, 2H was rejected and 3H was determined to be acceptable.
[0040]
Hydrophilic:
The hydrophilicity of the coating surface was evaluated by the water contact angle. The smaller the angle, the better the evaluation criteria, with 50 degrees or less passing and the case exceeding 50 degrees being rejected.
[0041]
Air exposure test:
An atmospheric exposure test was conducted for 6 months and 12 months in an industrial area, and the soil appearance after 6 months and 12 months and the removal property of the soil were evaluated. As for the appearance of dirt, the mark “◯” indicates that there is no dirt, “Δ” indicates that the dirt is slightly, x indicates that there is considerable dirt, and both marks are given for the intermediate level. In addition, with regard to the removal property of dirt, it is indicated that the dirt is completely removed on the painted surface after wiping with water, △ if the dirt is slightly left, and X if the dirt is considerably left, and an intermediate level. The case was marked with both marks. In any case, as evaluation criteria, ○, ○ △, and Δ were acceptable, and Δx and × were unacceptable.
[0042]
[Table 2]
[0043]
As shown in Table 2, in Comparative Example 1, the center line average roughness Ra on the surface of the metal base plate is larger than 0.4 μm, so the center line roughness Ra on the surface of the coated plate (coating surface) is 0.15 μm or less. In other words, the appearance of dirt and the ability to remove dirt were poor when exposed to the atmosphere.
[0044]
In Comparative Example 2, since the average particle size of colloidal silica is as large as 0.3 μm, Ra on the surface of the coated plate is not less than 0.15 μm, and since the content of colloidal silica is large, bending workability is inferior and exposure to the atmosphere The dirt appearance and dirt removability were poor.
[0045]
In Comparative Example 3, since colloidal silica was not added, the stain resistance was inferior, the hydrophilicity and the pencil hardness were also inferior, and the appearance of dirt and the removal of dirt were poor when exposed to the atmosphere.
[0046]
In Comparative Example 4, since the amount of colloidal silica added was small, the stain resistance was inferior, the hydrophilicity was inferior, and the stain appearance and stain removability were poor when exposed to the atmosphere.
[0047]
In Comparative Example 5, Ra on the surface of the coated plate was relatively large at 0.19 μm, so that the stain resistance was slightly inferior, and the appearance of dirt and the removability of dirt were slightly inferior when exposed to the atmosphere.
[0048]
On the other hand, Invention Example 4 does not include a silicone compound containing an alkoxy group, so that it is slightly inferior in stain resistance and slightly inferior in hydrophilicity compared to other invention examples. Was better than each comparative example and reached a practical level.
[0049]
In other invention examples, the evaluation results were all good.
[0050]
Further, although not shown in the table, other coating film performances such as adhesion, appearance after boiling water test, coating film adhesion, and corrosion resistance were also good in all the invention examples.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the pre-coated metal coated plate of the present invention, it is possible to achieve both coating film performance including antifouling properties and workability as a pre-coated plate, and these characteristics are required. It can be suitably used for the outer panels, building materials, home appliances, etc. of transportation equipment such as automobiles.
Claims (3)
前記シリカ含有アクリル系樹脂塗膜層が、さらにアルコキシ基を含有する平均重合度が3〜50のシリコーン化合物を乾燥塗膜層重量の0.1〜5%含有することを特徴とする、シリカ含有アクリル系樹脂プレコート金属塗装板。In the silica-containing acrylic resin precoated metal-coated plate according to claim 1,
The silica-containing acrylic resin coating layer further contains a silicone compound having an average polymerization degree of 3 to 50 containing an alkoxy group and containing 0.1 to 5% of the dry coating layer weight. Acrylic resin pre-coated metal painted plate.
前記シリカ含有アクリル系樹脂塗膜層が、さらに1種または2種以上の顔料もしくは染料を乾燥塗膜層重量の0.1〜40%含有することを特徴とする、シリカ含有アクリル系樹脂プレコート金属塗装板。In the silica-containing acrylic resin precoated metal-coated plate according to claim 1 or 2,
The silica-containing acrylic resin precoat metal, wherein the silica-containing acrylic resin coating layer further contains 0.1 to 40% of one or two or more pigments or dyes based on the weight of the dry coating layer. Painted board.
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| JP2007070606A (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-03-22 | Soft99 Corporation | Vehicular anti-staining coating agent |
| JP2007197912A (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2007-08-09 | Kikusui Chemical Industries Co Ltd | Method of forming outer wall structure of building, silica solution and silica fine particle film |
| JP4842743B2 (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2011-12-21 | 古河スカイ株式会社 | Regular reflection resin-coated aluminum material with excellent durability |
| JP6140586B2 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2017-05-31 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Water-based resin coating laminated metal sheet |
| JP7075781B2 (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2022-05-26 | 株式会社放電精密加工研究所 | Highly smooth coating composition that can realize a low surface roughness coating film, this construction method and repair method, and a compressor that has been surface-treated using these. |
| CN112384365A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2021-02-19 | 东洋钢钣株式会社 | Resin-coated metal sheet for warm press molding and organic resin film |
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2002
- 2002-08-27 JP JP2002246630A patent/JP4154189B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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