JP4184916B2 - Transformer iron core disassembly device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a transformer core disassembling apparatus for disassembling a transformer iron core.

  In general, electric power supplied from a power plant to a building or house through an electric wire is adjusted to an appropriate voltage (for example, 100 V) by a transformer installed on a utility pole or the like.

  A transformer is a device that raises and lowers an alternating voltage by using an electromagnetic induction phenomenon, and an annular iron core in which thin sheets (hereinafter referred to as “thin steel sheets”) of soft magnetic materials (for example, silicon steel) are laminated, and the iron core. And a coil of copper wire or the like wound around. The iron core generates heat due to the flow of eddy currents perpendicular to the magnetic flux while repeating electromagnetic induction, causing heat loss of electric power. The laminated structure of the iron core thin steel sheets is intended to reduce heat loss due to this eddy current. However, since the heat generation of the transformer increases as the capacity increases, an oil-filled transformer in which an iron core and a coil are immersed in a container containing insulating oil has been used for both electrical insulation and cooling. .

  As an insulating oil for an oil-filled transformer, an oil containing PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl) excellent in chemical stability, insulating properties, nonflammability, and adhesiveness (hereinafter referred to as “PCB oil”) is frequently used. Yes. PCB oil is mainly used as insulation oil for transformers and capacitors, but it is used as a heating medium for heaters and dryers, plasticizers for electric wires and resins, solvents for paints and pressure-sensitive paper (non-carbon paper), and the effectiveness of agricultural chemicals. It has also been used as an extender.

  However, since it has been found that PCB is an environmental pollutant that adversely affects the human body, many offices are forced to store waste PCB oil and electrical equipment containing PCB. In addition, PCBs were prohibited from being manufactured or imported in 1972, but PCBs that are sealed and used, such as insulation oil used in transformers and capacitors, are allowed to be used until the end of their useful life. Has been. As a result, many transformers and capacitors containing high-concentration PCBs continue to be used today.

  In the past, the processing method of the waste transformer was to take out the transformer from the tank, then incinerate the insulator and the insulating oil, and collect the remaining iron core and coil as valuable materials. However, incineration of insulating oil containing PCB is rarely performed at present because toxic dioxins may be generated when the combustion temperature is not properly controlled.

  The insulation oil of the oil-filled transformer penetrates between the layers of the iron core and into the coil. To completely remove the insulation oil, after separating the iron core and the coil, It is necessary to clean the coil separately. The iron core and coil of the transformer are separated by cutting the coil with a gas cutter, a high-speed rotating grindstone, a disk saw, a hand saw, or a shearing blade.

  Transformer iron cores are formed by laminating rectangular thin steel plates in an annular shape (hereinafter referred to as “winding iron cores”), and by laminating rectangular thin steel plates in a rectangular annular shape (hereinafter referred to as “rectangular annular cores”). "), And this rectangular annular core is exclusively used for pole transformers. The surface of these iron cores is solidified by a varnish called a varnish that serves as both insulation and fixing of the thin steel plate, and it is necessary to disassemble the iron core in order to wash the thin steel plates one by one.

  Therefore, “a wound core automatic separation method and apparatus” has been proposed as a technique capable of automatically separating a thin steel sheet forming a wound core (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this technology, the seams of the thin steel plates that are bent and laminated in an annular shape forming the wound iron core are concentrated on a part of the wound iron core. The laminated thin steel plates are separated one by one by unscrewing and inserting a plate called “iron core separating plate” into the gap between the thin steel plates appearing at the joint.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-134834

  However, the above technique separates the thin steel plates forming the wound iron core one by one in order, so that the working efficiency is poor, and the control for reliably separating the thin steel plates one by one is expensive. Furthermore, with the above technique, the rectangular annular core cannot be disassembled.

  The objective of this invention is providing the transformer core decomposition | disassembly apparatus which can decompose | disassemble the rectangular annular iron core of a transformer efficiently and without incurring cost.

  In the present invention, a transformer core (for example, a rectangular annular core 2 described later) in which a plurality of rectangular thin steel sheets (for example, a later described thin steel sheet 3) are combined in a rectangular ring shape and laminated is divided into the thin steel sheets. A disassembling device having a tapered tapered fitting member (for example, a fitting member 20 to be described later) fitted into a rectangular opening (for example, opening 5 to be described later) penetrating through the center of the transformer core; Iron core support means (for example, an iron core support member 14 to be described later) for supporting one rectangular annular surface (for example, an after-mentioned rectangular annular surface 4) of the transformer core, and press-fitting to press-fit the fitting member into the opening from the tip thereof Means (for example, a hydraulic cylinder 17 to be described later), and when the iron core support means supports one rectangular annular surface of the transformer core, the press-fitting means starts from the opposite side of the one rectangular annular surface. Open the insertion member. Is pressed into the fitting member, by pushing the opening from the inside, characterized by decomposing the transformer core to said plurality of rectangular sheet steel.

  Further, the press-fitting means is configured so that when the iron core support means supports one rectangular annular surface of the transformer iron core, the fitting member is press-fitted into the opening from the opposite side of the rectangular annular surface. It is characterized by moving.

  In a specific aspect of the present invention, the fitting member is a substantially rectangular metal member having a taper that expands from a rectangular tip toward a rectangular rear end that is larger than the tip.

  In a specific aspect of the present invention, the transformer core has a rectangular rectangular annular surface, and the iron core support means is a rectangular member, and one surface of the rectangular member and the rectangular rectangular annular surface The transformer core is supported in a state in which the long side portion of is in contact.

  In a specific aspect of the present invention, the press-fitting means is a hydraulic cylinder, a gas cylinder, or an air cylinder.

  According to the transformer core disassembling apparatus of the present invention, a seam of a thin steel plate that forms a rectangular annular core can be obtained by simply press-fitting a tapered taper into an opening formed at the center of the rectangular annular core of the transformer. And the rectangular annular core can be disassembled into thin steel plates. Further, the rectangular annular core can be disassembled in the same manner as described above even when the rectangular annular core is moved by the press-fitting means so that the fitting member is press-fitted into the opening of the rectangular annular core.

  The fitting member may be a substantially rectangular metal member having a rectangular front end and a rectangular rear end larger than the front end.

  Moreover, a rectangular member can be employ | adopted for an iron core support means. Thereby, the transformer core can be supported in a state in which one side of the rectangular member is in contact with the long side portion of the rectangular annular surface of the rectangular annular core formed in the rectangle.

  Moreover, a hydraulic cylinder, a gas cylinder, or an air cylinder can be employed as the press-fitting means.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a transformer core disassembling apparatus (hereinafter referred to as “iron core disassembling apparatus”) 1 of an embodiment, and shows a state when a rectangular annular core 2 of the transformer is disassembled into a plurality of thin steel plates 3. Yes.

  The rectangular annular core 2 is an iron core in which a plurality of rectangular thin steel plates 3 made of a soft magnetic material (for example, silicon steel) are combined and laminated in a rectangular annular shape, and the rectangular annular surfaces 4 on both sides are communicated with a central portion thereof. Thus, a rectangular opening 5 is formed. Moreover, this rectangular annular iron core 2 is used as a transformer by winding a coil, and its surface is hardened by a varnish called a varnish in order to insulate the coil.

  The iron core disassembling apparatus 1 connects a rectangular lower fixing member 7 installed on a floor 6, two support columns 8 vertically standing on the upper surface of the lower fixing member 7, and the upper and middle portions of the support column 8. Are supported by a frame 11 composed of an upper beam 9 and an intermediate beam 10.

  The lower fixing member 7 is made of a substantially square metal plate, and holes for passing anchor bolts 12 struck on a floor 6 made of concrete or the like are provided at four corners. The anchor bolts 12 passed through the holes are nuts 13. It is fixed to the floor 6 by tightening with.

  The two support pillars 8 are metal square pillar members standing on the center of the lower fixing member 7 at a predetermined interval (for example, at an interval of 1 m), and tightening a bolt passed from the lower surface of the lower fixing member 7 by welding. Thus, the upper surface of the lower fixing member 7 is fixed.

  The upper beam 9 and the intermediate beam 10 are rectangular metal plates that horizontally connect the upper and middle portions of the two support columns 8 and are fixed to the two support columns 8 by welding or the like.

  At the center of the upper surface of the lower fixing member 7, a rectangular metal member for supporting one rectangular annular surface 4 of the rectangular annular iron core 2 formed in a rectangle between the two support pillars 8 from below is formed. The two iron core support members 14 are arranged side by side with a predetermined interval (for example, a width slightly larger than the short side of the rectangular opening 5 of the rectangular annular core 2) 15. On the upper surface of the core support member 14, the rectangular annular core 2 is positioned in a state where the long side portions on both sides of the rectangular annular surface 4 forming a rectangle are placed on the upper surfaces of the two core support members 14.

  Between the lower surface of the upper beam 9 and the upper surface of the intermediate beam 10, a hydraulic cylinder 17 having flange joints 16 at both ends is fixed vertically by means of bolts as means for moving an insertion member 20 described later up and down. ing. The piston rod 18 of the hydraulic cylinder 17 extends downward through a hole provided in the intermediate beam 10, and a rod head 19 is attached to the tip thereof.

  The hydraulic cylinder 17 is a double-acting cylinder having hydraulic oil inlets and outlets near both ends of the cylinder. Pipes for supplying and discharging hydraulic oil are connected to the inlets and outlets, and the direction of the external device is switched. The piston can be reciprocated by changing the flow of hydraulic oil with a valve.

  The rod head 19 is made of a metal member having a shape in which a cylinder is erected at the center of the disk, and the piston rod 18 of the hydraulic cylinder 17 is fitted into the cylinder. The piston rod 19 fitted into the cylinder of the rod head 19 is fixed integrally with the rod head 19 by screwing a bolt into a screw hole provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder. The disc portion of the rod head 19 is provided with four holes at intervals of 90 degrees to form a flange joint.

  The flange joint of the rod head 19 is connected to the upper surface of a metal insertion member 20 with a tapered taper by bolting. As a result, the fitting member 20 is positioned so as to be movable up and down by receiving the power supplied by the hydraulic cylinder 17 with the tip thereof facing the opening 5 of the rectangular annular core 2. The fitting member 20 is a substantially rectangular member having a taper that expands from a rectangular tip smaller than the opening 5 of the rectangular annular core 2 toward a rectangular rear end larger than the opening 5.

  Therefore, when the fitting member 20 is lowered by receiving power from the hydraulic cylinder 17, the fitting member 20 is press-fitted into the opening 5 of the rectangular annular core 2, and the rectangular annular core 2 is gradually decomposed into a plurality of thin steel plates 3.

  2-5 is a perspective view of the principal part of the iron core decomposition | disassembly apparatus 1 of an Example, and has shown the state in which the rectangular annular iron core 2 is gradually decomposed | disassembled into the some thin steel plate 3 by the insertion member 20. FIG.

  FIG. 2 shows a state in which the rectangular annular core 2 is supported by the iron core support member 14 from below with the long side portions on both sides of the rectangular annular surface 4 placed on the upper surfaces of the two iron core support members 14. ing.

  An insertion member 20 is positioned above the opening 5 of the rectangular annular core 2 with its tip down, and when receiving power from the hydraulic cylinder 17 (FIG. 1) via the piston rod 18, its tip Will be press-fitted into the opening 5.

  FIG. 3 shows a state in which the fitting member 20 lowered by receiving the power from the hydraulic cylinder 17 is fitted in the opening 5 of the rectangular annular core 2.

  Since the surface of the rectangular annular core 2 is hardened by the varnish, when the fitting member 20 is fitted into the opening 5, it is not immediately disassembled into the thin steel plate 3, but according to the lowering of the fitting member 20 as shown in the figure. To be bent downward.

  The fitting member 20 further descends upon receiving power from the hydraulic cylinder 17 and descends so that the tip thereof enters the interval 15 of the iron core support member 14.

  When the fitting member 20 is further lowered and press-fitted into the opening 5 of the rectangular annular core 2, the seam of the thin steel plate 3 is gradually separated from the upper side of the rectangular annular core 2, as shown in FIG. The thin steel plate 3 is decomposed. In this way, the fitting member 20 gradually spreads the opening 5 from the upper side of the rectangular annular core 2 to separate the joint of the thin steel plate 3 and disassemble the rectangular annular core 2.

  The fitting member 20 is further lowered from the state of FIG. 4 and press-fitted into the opening 5 of the rectangular annular core 2, whereby the rectangular annular core 2 can be completely disassembled as shown in FIG. The fitting member 20 is preferably raised after the rectangular annular core 2 is completely disassembled.

  According to the iron core disassembling apparatus 1 of the present invention, as described above, the rectangular annular core 2 is made of a thin steel plate by simply lowering the tapered tapered fitting member 20 and press-fitting it into the opening 5 of the rectangular annular core 2. 3 can be decomposed. Moreover, since the iron core decomposition | disassembly apparatus 1 is realizable by the simple structure as mentioned above, it can also hold down the expense concerning the manufacturing cost of an apparatus, a maintenance check, etc. low.

  As mentioned above, although the Example was described, this invention is not limited to this.

  The support pillar 8, the upper beam 9, and the intermediate beam 10 of the frame 11 that support the standing of the iron core decomposing apparatus 1 of the embodiment are all made of rectangular metallic members. It may be adopted to constitute the frame 11.

  In order to support the long side portion of one rectangular annular surface 4 of the rectangular annular core 2, two iron core support members 14 of the embodiment are arranged with a predetermined interval 15. You may make it arrange | position a large rectangular member. A recess that is larger than the opening 5 of the rectangular annular core 2 and into which the fitting member 20 can be inserted may be provided at the center of the upper surface of the member.

  In the iron core disassembling apparatus 1 of the embodiment, the fitting member 20 is lowered and press-fitted into the opening 5 of the rectangular annular core 2. Conversely, the iron core supporting member 14 is supported in a state where the rectangular annular core 2 is supported from below. May be raised toward the fitting member 20. Further, when moving either the fitting member 20 or the iron core support member 14, the moving direction is not limited to the vertical direction as in the embodiment, and the iron core decomposing apparatus 1 is positioned horizontally. Even in this state, the rectangular annular core 2 can be disassembled as in the embodiment.

  In the iron core disassembling apparatus 1 of the embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 17 is employed as a means for moving the fitting member 20 up and down, but is not limited thereto. For example, as with the hydraulic cylinder 17, an air cylinder, a gas cylinder, or the like that can convert the fluid pressure into a reciprocating motion may be employed. Further, a screw hole that vertically penetrates the center of the fitting member 20 may be provided, and the ball screw passed therethrough may be rotated by a motor or the like so as to be vertically movable. In this case, guide rails and the like are installed at appropriate locations such as the support pillars 8 on both sides so that the fitting member 20 does not rotate with the rotation of the ball screw, and the protrusions formed on the fitting member 20 are fitted to the guide rail. To move up and down.

  The iron core disassembling apparatus 1 according to the embodiment has been described with respect to a method for disassembling one rectangular annular core 2. However, an automatic conveying means such as a belt conveyor is disposed at an interval 15 between two iron core support members 14 to form a rectangular annular core. The iron core 2 may be carried in, disassembled, and the thin steel plate 3 after disassembly may be carried out by automatic control. At this time, when an infrared sensor or the like is installed on the upper surface of the iron core support member 14 or inside the left and right support pillars 8, when the infrared sensor detects the rectangular annular iron core 2 installed on the iron core support member 14, 20 may be moved. It is preferable that these operations are automatically controlled by a computer.

The perspective view which shows the external appearance of the iron core decomposition | disassembly apparatus of an Example. The perspective view which shows the principal part of an iron core decomposition | disassembly apparatus. The perspective view which shows the state by which the insertion member was press-fit in opening of the rectangular annular iron core. The perspective view which shows the state by which a rectangular annular iron core is decomposed | disassembled with the fall of a fitting member. The perspective view which shows the state by which the rectangular annular iron core was completely decomposed | disassembled.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Iron core decomposition | disassembly apparatus, 2 ... Rectangular annular core, 3 ... Thin steel plate, 4 ... Rectangular annular surface, 5 ... Opening, 6 ... Floor, 7 ... Lower fixing member, 8 ... Supporting column, 9 ... Upper beam, 10 ... Middle Beam, 11 ... frame, 12 ... anchor bolt, 13 ... nut, 14 ... iron core support member, 15 ... spacing, 16 ... flange joint, 17 ... hydraulic cylinder, 18 ... piston rod, 19 ... rod head, 20 ... fitting member.

Claims (5)

A transformer core disassembling apparatus for disassembling a transformer core obtained by combining a plurality of rectangular thin steel plates into a rectangular ring shape into the thin steel plates, and a tapered taper fitting into a rectangular opening penetrating through the center of the transformer core. An insertion member with a taper, iron core support means for supporting one rectangular annular surface of the transformer core, and press-fitting means for press-fitting the insertion member into the opening from the tip thereof,
When the iron core support means supports one rectangular annular surface of the transformer core, the press-fitting means press-fits the fitting member into the opening from the opposite side of the one rectangular annular surface,
The transformer core disassembling apparatus, wherein the fitting member disassembles the transformer core into the plurality of rectangular thin steel plates by expanding the opening from the inside.   2. The transformer core disassembling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the iron core support means supports one rectangular annular surface of the transformer core, the fitting member is inserted from the opposite side of the one rectangular annular surface. The transformer core disassembling apparatus is characterized in that the iron core support means is moved so as to press fit into the opening.   3. The transformer core disassembling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fitting member is a substantially rectangular metal member having a taper that expands from a rectangular tip toward a rectangular rear end larger than the tip. Transformer iron core disassembly equipment. The transformer core disassembling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transformer core has a rectangular rectangular annular surface,
The iron core support means is a rectangular member, and supports the transformer iron core in a state where one surface of the rectangular member is in contact with a long side portion of the rectangular rectangular annular surface. Iron core disassembly device. 5. The transformer core disassembly apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the press-fitting means is a hydraulic cylinder, a gas cylinder, or an air cylinder.

Images