JP4192264B2

JP4192264B2 - Operation control method of uniaxial crusher and control device used therefor

Info

Publication number: JP4192264B2
Application number: JP2002222854A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 岳古郡
Original assignee: 株式会社プラコー
Priority date: 2002-07-31
Filing date: 2002-07-31
Publication date: 2008-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2022-07-31
Also published as: JP2004057996A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明はロータの正回転動作と、プッシャーの前進後退の繰り返しにより被破砕物を破砕する一軸破砕機の運転制御方法及び制御装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ロータを常時正回転させ、プッシャーの前進後退を繰返すことで、前記ロータに被破砕物を送り込み、破砕している。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記一軸破砕機の運転方法では、被破砕物の種類又はロータ用モータの負荷レベルを細く考慮してないため、被破砕物が廃棄プラスチックのような場合破砕に伴い発熱し、溶融してロータにより切断できない状態を招き、前記一軸破砕機の運転を緊急停止し溶着した樹脂を除去しなければならない。
また、被破砕物が間伐材、流木のようなロータとプッシャーの間で転動しないものにおいては破砕時にロータの刃が被破砕物の同一場所に何回も当たり遂に前記刃が被破砕物に食い込まず破砕せず、ロータの胴面に被破砕物が当たり、スリップする傾向を取り、或いはロータと固定刃間に被破砕物が挟まり、ロータの回転を阻止して、前記ロータ用モータの負荷が高まる原因とになっている。
この発明は前記課題をロータ及び／又はプッシャーの動作を制御することで、前記ロータ用モータを大型化することなくまた前記モータに過負荷を与え続けることなく被破砕物をその種類に係わらずに効率よく破砕することを可能とする一軸破砕機の運転制御方法及びこれに使用される制御装置を提供することを目的とする。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記課題を解決するために、特定発明は多数の刃を円周面に取り付けたロータの正回転動作と、これに向けて、被破砕物を押し込むプッシャーの前進限界位置と後退限界位置間での前進後退の繰り返しにより被破砕物を破砕する一軸破砕機の運転制御方法において、
ロータ用の駆動モータの電流値が過負荷の中で最も低い過負荷レベル１として現在過負荷の状態が第５タイマの設定時間連続した場合、プッシャーを停止し、その時ロータの回転を正回転に維持し、ロータ用の駆動モータの負荷レベルが正常運転時の負荷まで低下後、
プッシャーの前進動作時間を第１タイマでカウントし、そのタイムアップ後、プッシャーをこの後退限界位置よりも短い位置まで後退させる位置を特定する第２タイマの設定時間後退させ、この際、第１タイマのタイムアップより早くプッシャーが前進限界まで到達した場合も同様に第２タイマの設定時間後退させ、プッシャーの後退後、これを前進動作に移す。
この動作を設定回数、繰り返したのち、プッシャーを後退限界まで戻し、被破砕物を破砕することを特徴とする一軸破砕機の運転制御方法としてある。
【０００５】
前記課題を解決するために、関連発明は多数の刃を円周面に取り付けたロータの正回転動作と、これに向けて、被破砕物を押し込むプッシャーの前進限界位置と後退限界位置間での前進後退の繰り返しにより被破砕物を破砕する一軸破砕機の運転制御方法において、
ロータ用の駆動モータの電流値が過負荷の中で最も低い過負荷レベル１として現在過負荷の状態が第５タイマの設定時間連続した場合、プッシャーを停止し、その時ロータの回転を正回転に維持し、ロータ用の駆動モータの負荷レベルが正常運転時の負荷まで低下後、
前記プッシャーの前進中でロータの駆動モータに負荷が掛かってない状態でロータの正回転時間を第３タイマでカウントし、そのタイムアップ後プッシャーを停止し、前記ロータを逆転動作し、プッシャーを前進させ、被破砕物のロータに対する被破砕面を転動変更し、ロータの逆転時間を設定する第４タイマのタイムアップ後にロータを正転動作に戻し、プッシャーを前進後退させ被破砕物を破砕することを特徴とする一軸破砕機の運転制御方法としてある。
【０００６】
前記課題を解決するために、関連発明は多数の刃を円周面に取り付けたロータの正回転動作と、これに向けて、被破砕物を押し込むプッシャーの前進限界位置と後退限界位置間での前進後退の繰り返しにより被破砕物を破砕する一軸破砕機の運転制御方法において、
ロータ用の駆動モータの電流値が中間の過負荷レベル２として現在過負荷の状態が第６タイマの設定時間連続した場合、プッシャーは第７タイマの設定時間後退させ、その際、ロータの回転を正回転に維持し、前記ロータ用の駆動モータの負荷レベルが正常運転時の負荷まで低下後、
プッシャーの前進動作時間を第１タイマでカウントし、そのタイムアップ後、プッシャーをこの後退限界位置よりも短い位置まで後退させる位置を特定する第２タイマの設定時間後退させ、この際、第１タイマのタイムアップより早くプッシャーが前進限界まで到達した場合も同様に第２タイマの設定時間後退させ、プッシャーの後退後、これを前進動作に移す。
この動作を設定回数、繰り返したのち、プッシャーを後退限界まで戻し、被破砕物を破砕することを特徴とする一軸破砕機の運転制御方法としてある。
【０００７】
前記課題を解決するために、関連発明は多数の刃を円周面に取り付けたロータの正回転動作と、これに向けて、被破砕物を押し込むプッシャーの前進限界位置と後退限界位置間での前進後退の繰り返しにより被破砕物を破砕する一軸破砕機の運転制御方法において、
ロータ用の駆動モータの電流値が中間の過負荷レベル２として現在過負荷の状態が第６タイマの設定時間連続した場合、プッシャーは第７タイマの設定時間後退させ、その際、ロータの回転を正回転に維持し、前記ロータ用の駆動モータの負荷レベルが正常運転時の負荷まで低下後、
前記プッシャーの前進中でロータの駆動モータに負荷が掛かってない状態でロータの正回転時間を第３タイマでカウントし、そのタイムアップ後プッシャーを停止し、前記ロータを逆転動作し、プッシャーを前進させ、被破砕物のロータに対する被破砕面を転動変更し、ロータの逆転時間を設定する第４タイマのタイムアップ後にロータを正転動作に戻し、プッシャーを前進後退させ被破砕物を破砕することを特徴とする一軸破砕機の運転制御方法としてある。
【０００８】
前記課題を解決するために、関連発明は多数の刃を円周面に取り付けたロータの正回転動作と、これに向けて、被破砕物を押し込むプッシャーの前進限界位置と後退限界位置間での前進後退の繰り返しにより被破砕物を破砕する一軸破砕機の運転制御方法において、
ロータ用の駆動モータの電流値が最も高い過負荷レベル３として現在過負荷の状態を第８タイマの設定時間連続した場合、プッシャーを後退限界まで後退動作させ、ロータを逆転動作させて、ロータに噛みこまれた被破砕物を排出し、前記ロータ用の駆動モータの負荷レベルを正常運転時の負荷まで低下後、
プッシャーの前進動作時間を第１タイマでカウントし、そのタイムアップ後、プッシャーをこの後退限界位置よりも短い位置まで後退させる位置を特定する第２タイマの設定時間後退させ、この際、第１タイマのタイムアップより早くプッシャーが前進限界まで到達した場合も同様に第２タイマの設定時間後退させ、プッシャーの後退後、これを前進動作に移す。
この動作を設定回数、繰り返したのち、プッシャーを後退限界まで戻し、被破砕物を破砕することを特徴とする一軸破砕機の運転制御方法としてある。
【０００９】
前記課題を解決するために、関連発明は多数の刃を円周面に取り付けたロータの正回転動作と、これに向けて、被破砕物を押し込むプッシャーの前進限界位置と後退限界位置間での前進後退の繰り返しにより被破砕物を破砕する一軸破砕機の運転制御方法において、
ロータ用の駆動モータの電流値が最も高い過負荷レベル３として現在過負荷の状態を第８タイマの設定時間連続した場合、プッシャーを後退限界まで後退動作させ、ロータを逆転動作させて、ロータに噛みこまれた被破砕物を排出し、前記ロータ用の駆動モータの負荷レベルを正常運転時の負荷まで低下後、
前記プッシャーの前進中でロータの駆動モータに負荷が掛かってない状態でロータの正回転時間を第３タイマでカウントし、そのタイムアップ後プッシャーを停止し、前記ロータを逆転動作し、プッシャーを前進させ、被破砕物のロータに対する被破砕面を転動変更し、ロータの逆転時間を設定する第４タイマのタイムアップ後にロータを正転動作に戻し、プッシャーを前進後退させ被破砕物を破砕することを特徴とする一軸破砕機の運転制御方法としてある。
【００１０】
前記課題を解決するために、関連発明は少なくとも前記第１乃至８タイマを備え、ロータ用の駆動モータ負荷電流を検知する検知部とを有し、これらタイマと、前記検知部とが制御回路の入力ブロックに接続され、制御回路には請求項１、２、３、４、５または６記載の制御法を設定する運転モード設定部と、前記過負荷レベルを選定する過負荷レベル選定部と、各タイマ時間を含む制御データを設定する設定部を有する入力装置が接続され、前記設定された運転モード及び前記過負荷レベルに従いロータ及びプッシャーを請求項１、２、３、４、５または６記載の運転方法で制御する指令信号を、ロータ用モータ及びプッシャー及び対応する前記タイマに出力する出力ブロックが前記制御回路に設けてあることを特徴とする制御装置としてある。
【００１１】
前記過負荷レベル１は、中程度の負荷を制御するための負荷判定基準とし、ロータ用モータの定格値の約８０乃至１００％とする。前記過負荷レベル２はロータ用モータの定格値の約９０乃至１２０％とし、前記過負荷レベル３はロータ用モータの定格値の約１００乃至１４０％とすることが好ましい。
【００１２】
前記被破砕物は、廃棄プラスチック、廃棄建材、廃棄紙、間伐材、廃家電品、廃家具のうちの１種としてある。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
請求項１乃６記載の発明の代表的な実施の形態を説明する。
図１において、１０は一軸破砕機を示し、この一軸破砕機１０は公知のようにホッパー（図示せず）１１内に投入された被破砕物を油圧駆動型のプッシャー１２により回転中の破砕用ロータ１３に向けてゆっくりと送り込まれ、前記ロータ１３とプッシャー１２との間で圧縮された被破砕物を固定刃と、前記ロータ１３の胴体にスパイラル状に配置された回転刃の間で切断され、所望サイズに破砕される。前進行程を完了した前記プッシャー１２を次回の破砕作業に備えるため後方に後退させる。
前記被破砕物は廃棄プラスチック、廃棄建材、廃棄紙、間伐材、廃家電品、廃家具のうちの１種としてある。
【００１４】
このようにロータ１３の正回転動作と、プッシャー１２の前進後退の繰り返しにより被破砕物を破砕する一軸破砕機１０の運転制御方法において、
前記プッシャー１２の前進動作時間を第１タイマＴ１でカウントし、そのタイムアップ後、プッシャー１２を第２タイマＴ２の設定時間後退させ、この際、第１タイマのタイムアップより早くプッシャー１２が前進限界まで到達した場合も同様に第２タイマＴ２の設定時間後退させ、プッシャー１２の後退後、前進動作に移す。
つまり、第１タイマＴ１の完了信号とブッシャー１２の前進限界位置検出信号とのオア信号により、前記プッシャー１２は後退を開始する。
前述の第２タイマＴ２で設定する時間はプッシャー１２が後退限界位置までプッシャー１２を後退させなくとも、次の被破砕物がプッシャー１２とロータ１３の間に供給可能なとき、第２タイマＴ２の設定時間を短く定め、プッシャー１２のストロールを短縮する。
この動作を設定回数、繰り返したのち、プッシャー１２を後退限界まで戻す。
この設定回数は別のカウンターによりプッシャー１２の後退回数を計数するものであり、この運転モードを動作モード１とする（図２参照）。
このモードにおいては、被破砕物の大きさが比較的細かいときに、プッシャー１２のストロークが短縮でき、稼動効率が向上する。
【００１５】
また、前記プッシャー１２の前進中でロータ１３の駆動モータＭに負荷が掛かってない状態となったときには、前記ロータ１３の負荷の掛かってない正回転時間を第３タイマＴ３でカウントし、そのタイムアップ信号によりプッシャー１２を一時停止し、この後ロータ１３を逆転動作し、ロータ１３の逆転開始と共にプッシャー１２を前進動作させて、ロータ１３の逆転時間を設定する第４タイマＴ４のタイムアップ後にロータ１３を正転動作に戻し、プッシャー１２を前進後退させ、被破砕物の向きを変えて、被破砕面を変更して被破砕物を変更した被破砕面で破砕する。この運転モードを動作モード２とする（図３参照）。
この動作モード２においては、倒木や流木などの枝や根が側方に張り出しているものでも容易に転動できる。
つまりこのように転動困難な形状のものにおいては単にロータ１３を逆転させただけでは被破砕物は細かい振動を起こすだけで転動が起こらないことがあるが、前記プッシャー１２で前記ロータ１３の逆転時に被破砕物をロータ１３側へ押圧するとロータ１３に押し付けられた被破砕物が持ち上げられ、転動を起こす。
【００１６】
また、必要に応じて前記ロータ１３の正回転時間中は前記プッシャー１２の前進後退動作は請求項１のプッシャーの前進後退動作方法を採用し、前記第３タイマＴ３のタイムアップ後は前記ロータ１３の正逆回転動作及びプッシャー１２の前進後退動作は請求項２のロータの正逆回転動作及びプッシャー１２の前進後退動作方法を採用して被破砕物を破砕する。この運転モードを動作モード３とする（図４参照）。前記第３タイマＴ３の設定時間を適宜設定することで、破砕時間を効率よく行える。この動作モード３においては、如何なる廃棄物でも若しくは種々の特性をもつ廃棄物が混合されているものでも破砕可能である。
【００１７】
動作モード１、動作モード２、動作モード３を有する前記一軸破砕機１０におけるプッシャー１２の動作制御において、前記ロータ１３を駆動するモータＭの設定過負荷レベルを少なくとも３段階設定し、各設定過負荷レベルを設定時間以上超えると、対応する過負荷レベルに応じてロータ１３、プッシャー１２の動作を制御装置により自動的に変えて、負荷レベルを低くする（図５参照）。
【００１８】
より具体的には前記ロータ１３の駆動モータＭの電流値が最も低い過負荷レベル１として現在過負荷の状態が第５タイマＴ５の設定時間連続した場合、この信号によってプッシャー１２を停止し、その時ロータ１３の回転を正回転に維持し、この駆動モータＭの負荷が正常運転時の負荷まで低下した後、前記一軸破砕機１０におけるプッシャー１２を各動作モード１、２、３の動作制御に戻す。
【００１９】
前記ロータ１３の駆動モータ１５の電流値が中間の過負荷レベル２として現在負荷の状態が第６タイマＴ６の設定時間連続した場合、プッシャー１２は第７タイマＴ７の設定時間後退させ、その際、ロータ１３の回転を正回転に維持し、駆動モータＭの負荷が正常運転時の負荷まで低下した後、前記一軸破砕機１０におけるプッシャー１２を各動作モード１、２、３の動作制御に戻す。
【００２０】
前記駆動モータの電流値が過負荷レベル３として現在負荷の状態を第８タイマＴ８の設定時間連続した場合、プッシャー１２を後退限界まで後退動作させ、ロータ１３を逆転動作させて、ロータ１３に噛みこまれた位置から被破砕物を移動させ、駆動モータ１５の負荷が正常運転時の負荷まで低下した後、この状態でロータ１３を正転後にプッシャー１２を各動作モード１、２、３の動作制御に戻す。
【００２１】
前記過負荷レベル１は中程度の負荷を制御するための負荷判定基準とし、ロータ１３用モータの定格値の約８０乃至１００％とし、前記過負荷レベル２はロータ１３用モータの定格値の約９０乃至１２０％とし、前記過負荷レベル３はロータ１３用モータの定格値の約１００乃至１４０％とする。現実の各負荷レベル１、２、３は相互にその領域は順次ラップしないようにその設定範囲を定める。
【００２２】
請求項７記載の制御装置２０の代表的な実施の形態を説明する。
この制御装置２０は、請求項１、２、３、４、５、６記載の一軸破砕機１０の運転制御方法を実施する制御部を有する。
更に具体的に説明すれば、前記制御装置２０は、ロータ１３用の駆動モータ１５の負荷電流を検知する検知部と、ロータ１３の回転数を検出する検出部とを備え、この検知された負荷電流の値を駆動モータ１５の定格値と比較し、負荷レベルを判別する過負荷比較判別部と、各負荷レベルと対応する第５、第６、第８タイマを備え、これら検知部と過負荷比較判別部と、第５、第６、第８タイマが制御回路２２の入力ブロック２３に接続され、制御回路には請求項１、２、３、４、５、６記載の運転モードを設定する運転モード設定部２４と、前記過負荷レベルを設定する過負荷レベル選定部（図示せず）と、各運転モードに対応するタイマ時間を含む制御データを設定する設定部２６を有する入力装置２７が接続され、前記設定された運転モード及び前記過負荷レベルに従いロータ１３及びプッシャー１２を請求項１、２、３、４、５、６、７、８記載の運転方法で制御する指令信号をロータ１３用の駆動モータＭ及びプッシャー１２及び対応する前記第１〜第４、第７タイマに出力する出力ブロック２８が前記制御回路２２に設けてある。
第１〜第４、第７タイマのタイムアップ信号は前記入力ブロック２３に入力されるように結線されている（図６参照）。
【００２３】
【発明の効果】
請求項１乃至６記載の発明は、ロータ及び／又はプッシャーの動作を制御することで、前記ロータ用モータを大型化することなく破砕物をその種類に係わらずに効率よく破砕することができる。
【００２４】
殊に請求項１記載の運転モード１においては、柔らかい被破砕物を溶融することなく切断できる。
加えて、またプッシャーストロークが長くならず、破砕機の稼動効率が向上する。負荷レベルに応じてプッシャー、ロータの動作を変えることで、負荷レベルを確実に低くし、ロータ駆動用のモータを大型化することなく、破砕機の実働稼動効率を向上でき、効率良く破砕できる。
殊に請求項２記載の運転モード２においては、被破砕物の向きを変えて、被破砕面を変更することができ、例えば被破砕物が間伐材、流木のようなロータとプッシャーの間で転動しないものにおいては破砕時にロータの刃が被破砕物の周面に適切に食い込み、破砕が困難となるものでも、ロータの逆転により食い込んだ被破砕物を除去し、この姿勢を変え、又は転動させ、破砕することができ、ロータの胴面に被破砕物が当たり、スリップすることを回避できる。
更に、ロータと固定刃間に被破砕物が挟まり、ロータの回転を阻止して、前記ロータ用モータの負荷が高まることを防止できる。
請求項７記載の発明においては、既設の一軸破砕機のロータとプッシャーの運転制御を被破砕物の種類に応じて適宜変更し、既設の一軸破砕機の適用範囲を拡大でき、ロータを大型化することなく、既設の一軸破砕機では処理できにくい被破砕物を短時間に破砕できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この一軸破砕機の概略図である。
【図２】実施形態の運転モード１を示すフローチャートである。
【図３】実施形態の運転モード２を示すフローチャートである。
【図４】実施形態の運転モード３を示すフローチャートである。
【図５】負荷動作のフローチャートである。
【図６】制御装置のブロックである。
【図７】プッシャーの運転動作とロータ動作を区別して示すフローチャートである。
【符号の説明】
１０一軸破砕機
１２プッシャー
１３ロータ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an operation control method and a control device for a uniaxial crusher that crushes an object to be crushed by repeating forward rotation of a rotor and forward and backward movement of a pusher.
[0002]
[Prior art]
By constantly rotating the rotor forward and repeating the pusher forward and backward, the object to be crushed is fed into the rotor and crushed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the operation method of the uniaxial crusher, since the type of the object to be crushed or the load level of the motor for the rotor is not taken into consideration, when the object to be crushed is waste plastic, it generates heat and is melted by the rotor. The state which cannot be cut | disconnected is caused, the operation | movement of the said uniaxial crusher must be stopped urgently, and the welded resin must be removed.
If the object to be crushed does not roll between the rotor and the pusher, such as thinned wood or driftwood, the blade of the rotor hits the same place of the object to be crushed many times during crushing, The object to be crushed hits the body surface of the rotor and does not break, and tends to slip, or the object to be crushed is sandwiched between the rotor and the fixed blade, preventing the rotation of the rotor and the load on the rotor motor. Is the cause of the increase.
According to the present invention, the object is controlled by controlling the operation of the rotor and / or the pusher, so that the object to be crushed can be obtained regardless of the type without increasing the size of the motor for the rotor and without overloading the motor. It is an object of the present invention to provide an operation control method for a single-shaft crusher that enables efficient crushing and a control device used therefor.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the specific invention is a forward rotation operation of a rotor having a large number of blades attached to the circumferential surface, and a pusher that pushes an object to be crushed between the forward limit position and the reverse limit position. In the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher that crushes the object to be crushed by repeating forward and backward movement,
When the current value of the drive motor for the rotor is the lowest overload level 1 among the overloads and the current overload state continues for the set time of the fifth timer, the pusher is stopped and the rotation of the rotor at that time is set to normal rotation After maintaining the load level of the drive motor for the rotor to the load during normal operation,
The forward operation time of the pusher is counted by the first timer, and after the time is up, the pusher is moved backward by a set time of a second timer for specifying a position for moving the pusher to a position shorter than the backward limit position. Similarly, when the pusher reaches the advance limit earlier than the time up, the set time of the second timer is retreated in the same manner, and after the pusher is retreated, this is moved to the advance operation.
After repeating this operation for a set number of times, the pusher is returned to the retreat limit, and the object to be crushed is crushed, and this is a method for controlling the operation of the uniaxial crusher.
[0005]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the related invention relates to a forward rotation operation of a rotor having a large number of blades attached to the circumferential surface, and a pusher that pushes an object to be crushed between the forward limit position and the reverse limit position. In the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher that crushes the object to be crushed by repeating forward and backward movement,
When the current value of the drive motor for the rotor is the lowest overload level 1 among the overloads and the current overload state continues for the set time of the fifth timer, the pusher is stopped and the rotation of the rotor at that time is set to normal rotation After maintaining the load level of the drive motor for the rotor to the load during normal operation,
The forward rotation time of the rotor is counted by a third timer while the pusher is moving forward and no load is applied to the drive motor of the rotor. After the time is up, the pusher is stopped, the rotor is operated in reverse, and the pusher is advanced. The rolling surface of the object to be crushed with respect to the rotor is changed to roll, and after the fourth timer that sets the reverse rotation time of the rotor is reached, the rotor is returned to the normal rotation operation, and the pusher is moved forward and backward to crush the material to be crushed. This is an operation control method for a uniaxial crusher characterized by the above.
[0006]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the related invention relates to a forward rotation operation of a rotor having a large number of blades attached to the circumferential surface, and a pusher that pushes an object to be crushed between the forward limit position and the reverse limit position. In the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher that crushes the object to be crushed by repeating forward and backward movement,
When the current value of the drive motor for the rotor is at an intermediate overload level 2 and the current overload state continues for the set time of the sixth timer, the pusher reverses the set time of the seventh timer, and at that time the rotation of the rotor is reduced. Maintaining the normal rotation, after the load level of the drive motor for the rotor is reduced to the load during normal operation,
The forward operation time of the pusher is counted by the first timer, and after the time is up, the pusher is moved backward by a set time of a second timer for specifying a position for moving the pusher to a position shorter than the backward limit position. Similarly, when the pusher reaches the advance limit earlier than the time up, the set time of the second timer is retreated in the same manner, and after the pusher is retreated, this is moved to the advance operation.
After repeating this operation for a set number of times, the pusher is returned to the retreat limit, and the object to be crushed is crushed, and this is a method for controlling the operation of the uniaxial crusher.
[0007]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the related invention relates to a forward rotation operation of a rotor having a large number of blades attached to the circumferential surface, and a pusher that pushes an object to be crushed between the forward limit position and the reverse limit position. In the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher that crushes the object to be crushed by repeating forward and backward movement,
When the current value of the drive motor for the rotor is at an intermediate overload level 2 and the current overload state continues for the set time of the sixth timer, the pusher reverses the set time of the seventh timer, and at that time the rotation of the rotor is reduced. Maintaining the normal rotation, after the load level of the drive motor for the rotor is reduced to the load during normal operation,
The forward rotation time of the rotor is counted by a third timer while the pusher is moving forward and no load is applied to the drive motor of the rotor. After the time is up, the pusher is stopped, the rotor is operated in reverse, and the pusher is advanced. The rolling surface of the object to be crushed with respect to the rotor is changed to roll, and after the fourth timer that sets the reverse rotation time of the rotor is reached, the rotor is returned to the normal rotation operation, and the pusher is moved forward and backward to crush the material to be crushed. This is an operation control method for a uniaxial crusher characterized by the above.
[0008]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the related invention relates to a forward rotation operation of a rotor having a large number of blades attached to the circumferential surface, and a pusher that pushes an object to be crushed between the forward limit position and the reverse limit position. In the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher that crushes the object to be crushed by repeating forward and backward movement,
If the current value of the drive motor for the rotor is the highest overload level 3 and the current overload state continues for the set time of the eighth timer, the pusher is moved backward to the reverse limit, the rotor is rotated backward, After discharging the object to be crushed and reducing the load level of the drive motor for the rotor to the load during normal operation,
The forward operation time of the pusher is counted by the first timer, and after the time is up, the pusher is moved backward by a set time of a second timer for specifying a position for moving the pusher to a position shorter than the backward limit position. Similarly, when the pusher reaches the advance limit earlier than the time up, the set time of the second timer is retreated in the same manner, and after the pusher is retreated, this is moved to the advance operation.
After repeating this operation for a set number of times, the pusher is returned to the retreat limit, and the object to be crushed is crushed, and this is a method for controlling the operation of the uniaxial crusher.
[0009]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the related invention relates to a forward rotation operation of a rotor having a large number of blades attached to the circumferential surface, and a pusher that pushes an object to be crushed between the forward limit position and the reverse limit position. In the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher that crushes the object to be crushed by repeating forward and backward movement,
If the current value of the drive motor for the rotor is the highest overload level 3 and the current overload state continues for the set time of the eighth timer, the pusher is moved backward to the reverse limit, the rotor is rotated backward, After discharging the object to be crushed and reducing the load level of the drive motor for the rotor to the load during normal operation,
The forward rotation time of the rotor is counted by a third timer while the pusher is moving forward and no load is applied to the drive motor of the rotor. After the time is up, the pusher is stopped, the rotor is operated in reverse, and the pusher is advanced. The rolling surface of the object to be crushed with respect to the rotor is changed to roll, and after the fourth timer that sets the reverse rotation time of the rotor is reached, the rotor is returned to the normal rotation operation, and the pusher is moved forward and backward to crush the material to be crushed. This is an operation control method for a uniaxial crusher characterized by the above.
[0010]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the related invention includes at least the first to eighth timers, and includes a detection unit that detects a drive motor load current for the rotor. These timers and the detection unit are included in a control circuit. An operation mode setting unit that is connected to the input block and sets the control method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 in the control circuit, an overload level selection unit that selects the overload level, 7. An input device having a setting unit for setting control data including each timer time is connected, and the rotor and pusher are set according to the set operation mode and the overload level. As a control device, an output block is provided in the control circuit for outputting a command signal controlled by the operation method to the rotor motor and pusher and the corresponding timer. That.
[0011]
The overload level 1 is a load determination standard for controlling a medium load, and is about 80 to 100% of the rated value of the rotor motor. The overload level 2 is preferably about 90 to 120% of the rated value of the rotor motor, and the overload level 3 is preferably about 100 to 140% of the rated value of the rotor motor.
[0012]
The object to be crushed is one of waste plastic, waste building material, waste paper, thinned wood, waste home appliances, and waste furniture.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A typical embodiment of the invention described in claims 1 to 6 will be described.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a uniaxial crusher, and this uniaxial crusher 10 is used for crushing a material to be crushed in a hopper (not shown) 11 while being rotated by a hydraulically driven pusher 12 as is well known. The object to be crushed, which is slowly fed toward the rotor 13 and compressed between the rotor 13 and the pusher 12, is cut between a fixed blade and a rotating blade arranged in a spiral shape on the body of the rotor 13. Crush to the desired size. The pusher 12 that has completed the previous travel is moved backward to prepare for the next crushing operation.
The object to be crushed is one of waste plastic, waste building material, waste paper, thinned wood, waste home appliances, and waste furniture.
[0014]
Thus, in the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher 10 that crushes the object to be crushed by repeating the forward rotation operation of the rotor 13 and the forward and backward movement of the pusher 12,
The forward operation time of the pusher 12 is counted by the first timer T1, and after the time is up, the pusher 12 is moved backward by the set time of the second timer T2. In the same manner, the second timer T2 is moved backward for the set time, and after the pusher 12 is moved backward, the operation proceeds to forward movement.
That is, the pusher 12 starts to move backward by an OR signal between the completion signal of the first timer T1 and the forward limit position detection signal of the busher 12.
The time set by the above-mentioned second timer T2 is that the second timer T2 can be supplied when the next object to be crushed can be supplied between the pusher 12 and the rotor 13 without the pusher 12 moving the pusher 12 back to the retreat limit position. The set time is set short, and the stroke of the pusher 12 is shortened.
After repeating this operation a set number of times, the pusher 12 is returned to the retreat limit.
This set number of times counts the number of times the pusher 12 is moved backward by another counter, and this operation mode is referred to as operation mode 1 (see FIG. 2).
In this mode, when the size of the object to be crushed is relatively fine, the stroke of the pusher 12 can be shortened and the operating efficiency is improved.
[0015]
When the pusher 12 is moving forward and the drive motor M of the rotor 13 is not loaded, the forward rotation time when the load of the rotor 13 is not loaded is counted by the third timer T3. The pusher 12 is temporarily stopped by the up signal, and then the rotor 13 is rotated in the reverse direction, and the pusher 12 is moved forward when the rotor 13 starts to rotate in the reverse direction. 13 is returned to the normal rotation operation, the pusher 12 is moved forward and backward, the direction of the object to be crushed is changed, the surface to be crushed is changed, and the object to be crushed is crushed on the changed surface to be crushed. This operation mode is referred to as operation mode 2 (see FIG. 3).
In this operation mode 2, even if a branch or a root such as a fallen tree or a driftwood projects sideways, it can easily roll.
In other words, in such a difficult-to-roll shape, the object to be crushed may cause fine vibrations only by reversing the rotor 13, but rolling may not occur. When the object to be crushed is pressed toward the rotor 13 during the reverse rotation, the object to be crushed pressed against the rotor 13 is lifted and causes rolling.
[0016]
Further, if necessary, during the forward rotation time of the rotor 13, the forward / backward movement of the pusher 12 employs the forward / backward movement method of the pusher according to claim 1, and after the time-up of the third timer T3, the rotor 13 The forward / reverse rotation operation and the forward / backward movement operation of the pusher 12 employ the forward / reverse rotation operation of the rotor and the forward / backward movement method of the pusher 12 according to claim 2 to crush the object to be crushed. This operation mode is referred to as operation mode 3 (see FIG. 4). By appropriately setting the set time of the third timer T3, the crushing time can be efficiently performed. In this operation mode 3, any waste or a mixture of wastes having various characteristics can be crushed.
[0017]
In the operation control of the pusher 12 in the uniaxial crusher 10 having the operation mode 1, the operation mode 2, and the operation mode 3, the set overload level of the motor M that drives the rotor 13 is set in at least three stages, and each set overload is set. When the level exceeds the set time or longer, the operation of the rotor 13 and the pusher 12 is automatically changed by the control device in accordance with the corresponding overload level to lower the load level (see FIG. 5).
[0018]
More specifically, when the current value of the drive motor M of the rotor 13 is the lowest overload level 1 and the current overload state continues for the set time of the fifth timer T5, the pusher 12 is stopped by this signal, After the rotation of the rotor 13 is maintained at the normal rotation and the load of the drive motor M is reduced to the load during normal operation, the pusher 12 in the uniaxial crusher 10 is returned to the operation control in each of the operation modes 1, 2, and 3. .
[0019]
When the current value of the drive motor 15 of the rotor 13 is an intermediate overload level 2 and the current load state continues for the set time of the sixth timer T6, the pusher 12 moves backward for the set time of the seventh timer T7. After the rotation of the rotor 13 is maintained at the normal rotation and the load of the drive motor M is reduced to the load during normal operation, the pusher 12 in the uniaxial crusher 10 is returned to the operation control of each operation mode 1, 2 and 3.
[0020]
When the current value of the drive motor is overload level 3 and the current load state continues for the set time of the eighth timer T8, the pusher 12 is moved backward to the reverse limit, the rotor 13 is rotated backward, and the rotor 13 is engaged. After the object to be crushed is moved from the position where the load is applied and the load of the drive motor 15 is reduced to the load during normal operation, the pusher 12 is operated in each operation mode 1, 2, and 3 after the rotor 13 is rotated forward in this state. Return to control.
[0021]
The overload level 1 is used as a load judgment standard for controlling a medium load, is about 80 to 100% of the rated value of the rotor 13 motor, and the overload level 2 is about the rated value of the rotor 13 motor. The overload level 3 is about 100 to 140% of the rated value of the rotor 13 motor. The actual load levels 1, 2, and 3 define their setting ranges so that their areas do not wrap sequentially.
[0022]
A typical embodiment of the control device 20 according to claim 7 will be described.
This control apparatus 20 has a control part which implements the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher 10 according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
More specifically, the control device 20 includes a detection unit that detects a load current of the drive motor 15 for the rotor 13 and a detection unit that detects the number of rotations of the rotor 13, and the detected load An overload comparison / determination unit that compares the current value with the rated value of the drive motor 15 to determine the load level, and fifth, sixth, and eighth timers that correspond to the load levels are provided. The comparison discriminating unit and the fifth, sixth, and eighth timers are connected to the input block 23 of the control circuit 22, and the operation mode according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 is set in the control circuit. An input device 27 having an operation mode setting unit 24, an overload level selection unit (not shown) for setting the overload level, and a setting unit 26 for setting control data including a timer time corresponding to each operation mode Connected and configured operation A command signal for controlling the rotor 13 and the pusher 12 in accordance with the operation method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 according to the motor and the overload level, the drive motor M and the pusher for the rotor 13 12 and an output block 28 for outputting to the corresponding first to fourth and seventh timers are provided in the control circuit 22.
The time-up signals of the first to fourth and seventh timers are wired so as to be input to the input block 23 (see FIG. 6).
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first to sixth aspects of the invention, by controlling the operation of the rotor and / or the pusher, the crushed material can be efficiently crushed regardless of the type without increasing the size of the rotor motor.
[0024]
In particular, in the operation mode 1 according to the first aspect, the soft object to be crushed can be cut without melting.
In addition, the pusher stroke is not lengthened and the operating efficiency of the crusher is improved. By changing the operation of the pusher and the rotor according to the load level, the load level can be reliably lowered, the actual operation efficiency of the crusher can be improved without increasing the size of the motor for driving the rotor, and crushing can be performed efficiently.
In particular, in operation mode 2 according to claim 2, the direction of the object to be crushed can be changed by changing the direction of the object to be crushed. For example, the object to be crushed is between thinned wood, a rotor and a pusher such as driftwood. For those that do not roll, even if the blade of the rotor properly bites into the peripheral surface of the material to be crushed during crushing and crushing is difficult, remove the material to be crushed by reversing the rotor, change this posture, or It can be rolled and crushed, and the object to be crushed hits the body surface of the rotor and can be prevented from slipping.
Furthermore, it is possible to prevent an object to be crushed between the rotor and the fixed blade, thereby preventing rotation of the rotor and increasing the load on the rotor motor.
In the invention described in claim 7, the operation control of the rotor and pusher of the existing uniaxial crusher can be appropriately changed according to the type of the object to be crushed, and the applicable range of the existing uniaxial crusher can be expanded, and the rotor is enlarged. Therefore, the object to be crushed which cannot be processed with the existing uniaxial crusher can be crushed in a short time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of this uniaxial crusher.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an operation mode 1 of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation mode 2 of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation mode 3 of the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a load operation.
FIG. 6 is a block of a control device.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a pusher operation and a rotor operation separately.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 uniaxial crusher 12 pusher 13 rotor

Claims

Crushing the object to be crushed by repeating the forward and backward movement between the forward limit position and the backward limit position of the pusher that pushes the object to be crushed toward the forward rotation of the rotor with many blades attached to the circumferential surface. In the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher,
When the current value of the drive motor for the rotor is the lowest overload level 1 among the overloads and the current overload state continues for the set time of the fifth timer, the pusher is stopped and the rotation of the rotor at that time is set to normal rotation After maintaining the load level of the drive motor for the rotor to the load during normal operation,
The forward operation time of the pusher is counted by the first timer, and after the time is up, the pusher is moved backward by a set time of a second timer for specifying a position for moving the pusher to a position shorter than the backward limit position. Similarly, when the pusher reaches the advance limit earlier than the time up, the set time of the second timer is retreated in the same manner, and after the pusher is retreated, this is moved to the advance operation.
An operation control method for a uniaxial crusher characterized by repeating the operation a set number of times, then returning the pusher to the retreat limit and crushing the object to be crushed.

Crushing the object to be crushed by repeating the forward and backward movement between the forward limit position and the backward limit position of the pusher that pushes the object to be crushed toward the forward rotation of the rotor with many blades attached to the circumferential surface. In the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher,
When the current value of the drive motor for the rotor is the lowest overload level 1 among the overloads and the current overload state continues for the set time of the fifth timer, the pusher is stopped and the rotation of the rotor at that time is set to normal rotation After maintaining the load level of the drive motor for the rotor to the load during normal operation,
The forward rotation time of the rotor is counted by a third timer while the pusher is moving forward and no load is applied to the drive motor of the rotor. After the time is up, the pusher is stopped, the rotor is operated in reverse, and the pusher is advanced. The rolling surface of the object to be crushed with respect to the rotor is changed to roll, and after the fourth timer that sets the reverse rotation time of the rotor is reached, the rotor is returned to the normal rotation operation, and the pusher is moved forward and backward to crush the material to be crushed. The operation control method of the uniaxial crusher characterized by the above-mentioned.

Crushing the object to be crushed by repeating the forward and backward movement between the forward limit position and the backward limit position of the pusher that pushes the object to be crushed toward the forward rotation of the rotor with many blades attached to the circumferential surface. In the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher,
When the current value of the drive motor for the rotor is at an intermediate overload level 2 and the current overload state continues for the set time of the sixth timer, the pusher reverses the set time of the seventh timer, and at that time the rotation of the rotor is reduced. After maintaining the normal rotation, the load level of the drive motor for the rotor is reduced to the load during normal operation,
The forward operation time of the pusher is counted by the first timer, and after the time is up, the pusher is moved backward by a set time of a second timer for specifying a position for moving the pusher to a position shorter than the backward limit position. Similarly, when the pusher reaches the advance limit earlier than the time up, the set time of the second timer is retreated, and after the pusher is retreated, this is moved to the advance operation.
An operation control method for a uniaxial crusher characterized by repeating the operation a set number of times, then returning the pusher to the retreat limit and crushing the object to be crushed.

Crushing the object to be crushed by repeating the forward and backward movement between the forward limit position and the backward limit position of the pusher that pushes the object to be crushed toward the forward rotation of the rotor with many blades attached to the circumferential surface. In the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher,
The current value of the rotor drive motor is at an intermediate overload level 2 and the current overload state is sixth. When the set time of the timer continues, the pusher moves backward for the set time of the seventh timer. At that time, the rotor rotation is maintained at the normal rotation, and the load level of the drive motor for the rotor is reduced to the load during normal operation. ,
The forward rotation time of the rotor is counted by a third timer while the pusher is moving forward and no load is applied to the drive motor of the rotor. After the time is up, the pusher is stopped, the rotor is operated in reverse, and the pusher is advanced. The rolling surface of the object to be crushed with respect to the rotor is changed to roll, and after the fourth timer that sets the reverse rotation time of the rotor is reached, the rotor is returned to the normal rotation operation, and the pusher is moved forward and backward to crush the material to be crushed. The operation control method of the uniaxial crusher characterized by the above-mentioned.

Crushing the object to be crushed by repeating the forward and backward movement between the forward limit position and the backward limit position of the pusher that pushes the object to be crushed toward the forward rotation of the rotor with many blades attached to the circumferential surface. In the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher,
If the current value of the drive motor for the rotor is the highest overload level 3 and the current overload state continues for the set time of the eighth timer, the pusher is moved backward to the reverse limit, the rotor is rotated backward, After moving the object to be crushed from the bitten position, and reducing the load level of the drive motor for the rotor to the load during normal operation,
The forward operation time of the pusher is counted by the first timer, and after the time is up, the pusher is moved backward by a set time of a second timer for specifying a position for moving the pusher to a position shorter than the backward limit position. Similarly, when the pusher reaches the advance limit earlier than the time up, the set time of the second timer is retreated, and after the pusher is retreated, this is moved to the advance operation.
An operation control method for a uniaxial crusher characterized by repeating the operation a set number of times, then returning the pusher to the retreat limit and crushing the object to be crushed.

Crushing the object to be crushed by repeating the forward and backward movement between the forward limit position and the backward limit position of the pusher that pushes the object to be crushed toward the forward rotation of the rotor with many blades attached to the circumferential surface. In the operation control method of the uniaxial crusher,
If the current value of the drive motor for the rotor is the highest overload level 3 and the current overload state continues for the set time of the eighth timer, the pusher is moved backward to the reverse limit, the rotor is rotated backward, After moving the object to be crushed from the bitten position, and reducing the load level of the drive motor for the rotor to the load during normal operation,
The forward rotation time of the rotor is counted by a third timer while the pusher is moving forward and no load is applied to the drive motor of the rotor. After the time is up, the pusher is stopped, the rotor is operated in reverse, and the pusher is advanced. The rolling surface of the object to be crushed with respect to the rotor is changed to roll, and after the fourth timer that sets the reverse rotation time of the rotor is reached, the rotor is returned to the normal rotation operation, and the pusher is moved forward and backward to crush the material to be crushed The operation control method of the uniaxial crusher characterized by the above-mentioned.

At least the first to eighth timers and a detection unit that detects a drive motor load current for the rotor, and the timer and the detection unit are connected to an input block of a control circuit, The operation mode setting unit for setting the control method according to Item 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, the overload level selecting unit for selecting the overload level, and the setting for setting control data including each timer time And a command signal for controlling the rotor and the pusher by the operating method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 according to the set operation mode and the overload level. The control circuit is provided with an output block for outputting to the motor and the pusher and the corresponding timer.