JP4237955B2 - Fertilizer and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application relates to a fertilizer and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the invention of this application relates to a new fertilizer and a method for producing the same, which show a good growth effect as a fully fertilized fertilizer that effectively uses building waste materials and cow dung as excrement, and has no trouble due to bad odor. It is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, since cow dung contains a large amount of organic substances in addition to components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash, it is used as a fertilizer by performing a fermentation treatment or the like. However, in the fermentation process when using cow dung as a fertilizer, a severe foul odor is generated at the time of the process and even after the process, so the place for processing and the place of use as a fertilizer are limited. Therefore, despite the fertilizer that has been highly evaluated for its effectiveness, its effective use has had great restrictions.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Thus, various studies have been made so far regarding means for eliminating such bad odors.
[0004]
For example, a method has been proposed in which aluminum sulfate is added to livestock dung and quick lime, slaked lime, or cement is added and solidified.
[0005]
However, even in previous studies, when trying to suppress the generation of malodor, the use of various additives increases the burden on the production process, and even if the generation of malodor can be suppressed to some extent, In fact, it is not easy to effectively use cow dung as a general-purpose fertilizer because of the problem that it is not possible to sufficiently exert the growth effect of the cow dung.
[0006]
Therefore, the invention of this application solves the conventional problems as described above, has a good growing effect as a fully matured fertilizer, and can significantly reduce the occurrence of malodor, and a new fertilizer using cow dung and its It is an object to provide a manufacturing method.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of this application is to solve the above-mentioned problem. First, as a weight ratio in a dry state, 50 to 150 parts by weight of a pulverized product of a cement-based inorganic fiber reinforced plate with respect to 100 parts by weight of cow dung, Provided is a fertilizer characterized in that a mixture containing 30 to 50 parts by weight of coffee koji and 50 to 100 parts by weight of wood flour is subjected to an aerobic fermentation treatment.
[0008]
In addition, the invention of this application provides, secondly, the fertilizer described above, wherein the cement-based inorganic fiber reinforcing plate contains 2 to 8% by weight of pulp fiber of solid component content. Thirdly, the pulverized cement-based inorganic fiber reinforced plate is a fertilizer characterized in that the proportion on a 14 mesh (1180 μm) sieve is 30% by weight or more, and fourthly, the moisture content is 45%. A fertilizer characterized by being in the range of ˜55% is fifthly fermented by adding 2 to 5 parts by weight of aerobic fermentation bacteria to 100 parts by weight of cow dung in a dry weight ratio. Any one of the above fertilizers is provided.
[0009]
And, the invention of this application is, in the sixth aspect, a method for producing any one of the above fertilizers, wherein the cow dung, the pulverized cement-based inorganic fiber reinforced plate, the coffee cake and the compound containing wood flour are blended. A method for producing a fertilizer is provided, wherein the water content is 65 to 70% and the aerobic fermentation treatment is performed at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application has the characteristics as described above, and an embodiment thereof will be described below.
[0011]
In the fertilizer using cow dung of the invention of this application, as described above, a mixture containing cow dung, a pulverized cement-based inorganic fiber reinforced plate, coffee cake, and wood flour is subjected to an aerobic fermentation treatment. However, it goes without saying that there is no limit to the source of cow dung as a blending component. Usually, this cow dung varies in its dry state, but in the blending, cow dung in the range of 3 to 10 times the weight of dry matter is generally preferably used.
[0012]
As for the pulverized product of the cement-based inorganic fiber reinforced plate, wastes and the like that have been conventionally used as exterior materials as building materials are effectively used. Cement-based inorganic fiber reinforced plate itself is made of cement, fly ash, quartzite powder, pulp and other reinforcing short fibers as its main components, and is cured by papermaking or extrusion and then cured by autoclave etc. In addition, pulverized products such as end materials and waste materials of these fiber reinforced plates are used in the invention of this application.
[0013]
As for the pulverized product, the reinforcing fibers blended in the fiber reinforcing plate are more preferably pulp fibers in the range of 2 to 8 wt% of the total amount of solid components. The pulp fibers are NUKP (coniferous tree: average fiber length of 3 mm) and LUKP (hardwood: average fiber length of 1 mm) as standard, and pulverized products are pulverized so that they remain without being cut so much. preferable. In relation to this, in the invention of this application, it is preferable that the pulverized product of the cement-based inorganic fiber reinforced plate has a ratio of 30% by weight or more on a 14 mesh (1180 μm) sieve. By doing in this way, when mixing with cow dung etc. and making it ferment, a space | gap will be made and it will become easy to take in air, fermentation will fully be performed and a fully-ripened fertilizer will be obtained.
[0014]
And silicon (Si), calcium (Ca) etc. which are contained in a cement system inorganic fiber reinforcement board work effectively as a fertilizer.
[0015]
In the invention of this application, coffee mash is used as a blending component for fermentation. Coffee koji has the property of being resistant to soil fungi, and in addition, has the effect of promoting pH adjustment and microbial growth. For this reason, it is preferable as a fertilizer component. What is more distinctive is that the coffee gruel has fine pores like activated carbon, so it can be deodorized by adsorbing odorous components in the fine pores, and the coffee odor can alleviate malodor during fermentation. The effect of being able to be realized is also realized. In addition, the coffee smell hardly remains after the fermentation treatment.
[0016]
Formulations for fermentation also include wood flour as a component. As this wood flour, what is known as so-called oga flour is used. Wood flour is indispensable for the blend from the viewpoints of moisture adjustment and maintaining air permeability.
[0017]
As a ratio of each component as described above in the composition of the invention of this application for aerobic fermentation, as a weight ratio in a dry state, 50 to 50 parts by weight of cow dung, ground product of cement-based inorganic fiber reinforced plate 50 ~ It is set as the range of 150 weight part, 30-50 weight part of coffee grounds, and 50-100 weight part of wood flour. In such a range, a fertilizer that sufficiently works as a growing effect can be included, and sufficient aeration can be secured to perform predetermined aerobic fermentation.
[0018]
In the fermentation, it is practically preferable that the water content at the time of blending the blend is 65 to 70% and aerobic fermentation is performed at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher. For example, the fermentation temperature is considered to be in the range of 60 ° C to 80 ° C.
[0019]
By such an operation, it is preferable that the fertilizer product has a moisture content in the range of 45 to 55% in order to suppress the generation of malodor and realize a fertilizer excellent in the growth effect.
[0020]
For aerobic fermentation, it is desirable to add a fermenting bacterium in a range of 2 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cow dung as a weight ratio in a dry state, and then perform a fermentation treatment.
[0021]
In addition, it can be set as a general standard that aerobic fermentation is completed in about 30 to 50 days.
[0022]
The fertilizer of the invention of this application obtained by fermentation as described above has a function of making the plant durable and long-lasting because it contains a large amount of calcium silicate. Realized as an excellent fertilizer.
[0023]
Total nitrogen 1-2%
Total phosphoric acid 0.2-1.0%
Total potash 1-2%
Carbon nitrogen ratio (C / N ratio) 15-20
Total amount of lime 5-7%
Silica 6-8%
3-6% calcium
Alkaline content 6-8%
The fertilizer of the invention of this application can be used as a general-purpose fertilizer for various uses such as planters, potted plants, kitchen gardens, fields, and rice fields.
[0024]
Then, an Example is shown below and invention of this application is demonstrated in detail. Of course, the invention is not limited by the following examples.
[0025]
【Example】
<Example>
Cow dung: 2000 kg (dry matter: 240 kg), ground product of cement-based inorganic fiber reinforced plate: 300 kg (dry matter: 279 kg), coffee lees: 150 kg (dry matter: 140 kg), sawdust: 245 kg (dry matter: 184 kg), fermenting bacteria : 10 kg (dry matter: 9 kg) was added and charged into the fermentation lane.
[0026]
The weight ratio of the dry state is 100 parts by weight of cow dung,
Exterior material pulverized product 116.3
Coffee coffee 58.3
Oga powder 76.7
Fermentative bacteria 3.8
It becomes the ratio. As for the particle size of the exterior material pulverized product, the ratio on a 14 mesh (1180 μm) sieve was 34.6%.
[0027]
In the fermentation lane, a stirrer, a blower, and the like are installed, and the stirrer creates a gap for air to enter the blend so that the fermenting bacteria in the blend can work actively in one reciprocation / 2 days. The blower keeps the temperature of the formulation at 60 ° C. or higher so that the fermentation can proceed easily. When the temperature is less than 60 ° C., fermentation becomes incomplete and there is a bad odor after the treatment.
[0028]
The initial moisture content of the formulation was 68.5%, and the moisture content was in the range of 45-50% by treating for about 40 days in an optimal fermentation environment.
[0029]
The pulverized exterior material is composed of 60% cement, 35% silica powder, and 5% pulp as solids, molded by a papermaking method, and then trimmed from the exterior material obtained by autoclave curing, waste material, etc. Is crushed. The pulp uses NUKP (conifers, average fiber length: 3 mm) and LUKP (broadleaves, average fiber length: 1 mm), and is pulverized so that the fibers remain without being cut even after pulverization. In this way, when fermented by mixing with cow dung or the like, a gap is formed and air can be easily taken in. Fermentation is sufficiently performed and a fully matured fertilizer is obtained.
[0030]
By using the exterior material pulverized product, it is possible to effectively use the waste material, and silicon, calcium, etc. contained in the material work effectively as a fertilizer. Since coffee koji has fine pores like activated carbon, it has a deodorizing effect and also has an effect of relieving bad odor after fermentation treatment by the coffee odor. In addition, the coffee odor hardly remained after the fermentation treatment.
[0031]
Note that OYK bacteria (Hamaguchi Microbiology Laboratories Co., Ltd.) was used as the fermenting bacteria.
[0032]
A mature fertilizer was obtained after about 40 days of fermentation. Generation of malodor during and after fermentation was not observed.
<Comparative Example 1>
In the examples, when the weight ratio of the coffee koji was 20.8 and the initial moisture content at the time of blending the blend was 75% without using sawdust, it was confirmed that no fermentation occurred.
<Comparative example 2>
In the examples, when the weight ratio of the pulverized exterior material was set to 20, fermentation was not sufficient and a fully matured fertilizer was not obtained even after 60 days.
<Comparative Example 3>
In the examples, when the weight ratio of the pulverized exterior material was set to 200, fermentation was not sufficient, and a fully matured fertilizer was not obtained as well.
<Comparative example 4>
In the examples, when a 14 mesh (1180 μm) sieve having a 10% by weight ratio was used as the exterior material pulverized product, the air permeability was poor and it was not sufficient as a fully fertilized fertilizer.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, the invention of this application provides a new fertilizer using cow dung and a method for producing the same, which has a good growing effect as a fully fertilized fertilizer and can significantly suppress the occurrence of malodor.

Claims (6)

As a weight ratio in a dry state, a blend containing 50 to 150 parts by weight of a cement-based inorganic fiber reinforced plate, 30 to 50 parts by weight of coffee cake, and 50 to 100 parts by weight of wood flour with respect to 100 parts by weight of cow dung A fertilizer characterized in that the product is subjected to aerobic fermentation. 2. The fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the cement-based inorganic fiber reinforced plate contains 2 to 8% by weight of pulp fibers based on the solid component content. The fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pulverized product of the cement-based inorganic fiber reinforcing plate has a ratio of 30 wt% or more on a 14 mesh (1180 µm) sieve. The fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the moisture content is in the range of 45 to 55%. The fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein anaerobic fermentation bacteria are added in an amount of 2 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cow dung in a dry weight ratio. It is a manufacturing method of the fertilizer in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5, Comprising: Moisture content at the time of the mixing | blending of the compound containing cow dung, the ground material of a cement-type inorganic fiber reinforcement board, coffee lees, and wood flour is 65-70% As an aerobic fermentation treatment at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher.