JP4248736B2 - Mortar / concrete product and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Mortar / concrete product and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- JP4248736B2 JP4248736B2 JP2000226624A JP2000226624A JP4248736B2 JP 4248736 B2 JP4248736 B2 JP 4248736B2 JP 2000226624 A JP2000226624 A JP 2000226624A JP 2000226624 A JP2000226624 A JP 2000226624A JP 4248736 B2 JP4248736 B2 JP 4248736B2
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 title description 13
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 40
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011044 quartzite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、都市ゴミ焼却灰や下水汚泥焼却灰等の廃棄物を原料として製造してなる水硬性組成物(以下、エコセメントという)を使用したモルタル・コンクリート製品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、モルタル・コンクリート製品は、普通ポルトランドセメント等を使用し生産性向上という観点から蒸気養生による製造が行われているのが一般的である。そして、通常は1日の型枠回転数が2回転であるため、全蒸気養生時間(前置きから脱型までに要する時間)が8時間程度経過した後脱型している。この蒸気養生方法は、型枠内にモルタルやコンクリートを流し込んだ後、前養生を行い、型枠を蒸気養生槽内に設置した後に、または型枠を養生シートなどで覆った状態にした後に、養生槽や養生シート内に、加熱された蒸気を一気に供給して養生を行っている。しかし、一気に蒸気を供給する方法では、製品に温度負荷がかかり、製品の内部と外部に温度差(温度こう配)が生じて収縮が起こりやすいが、この収縮が妨げられると引張応力が発生し、得られたモルタル・コンクリート製品はひび割れが発生しやすくなる。特に蒸気養生時間が短いほど、ひび割れが発生しやすい。
【0003】
このひび割れの発生をなくすためには、強度が十分に発現した後に蒸気養生を行うか、硬化促進剤等を使用し初期強度を高めて蒸気養生を行うか、または膨張材等を使用し収縮補償により収縮を低減する等の方法を挙げることができる。また、強度発現が不十分な時期に温度こう配が発生するとひび割れが発生しやすくなるので、強度が十分に発現した後に蒸気養生を行えば、温度こう配による引張応力が小さくなりひび割れが低減される。しかしながら、十分な強度発現を確保するためには前養生を長くとる必要があり、結果的には蒸気養生時間が全体として長くなってしまい製品の生産性が上がらないという問題がある。
また、硬化促進剤等を使用し初期強度を高める方法や膨張材等を使用し収縮が起こりにくくする方法では、普通ポルトランドセメント等を使用した場合と比べ製品が高価となり、実際に工場で使用する場合は更なる付帯設備も必要となるなど問題点も多い。
【0004】
一方、近年、都市ゴミや下水汚泥等の一般廃棄物および産業廃棄物は著しく増加したため、廃棄物の有効利用や再資源化が各方面で試みられているが、廃棄物処理に関する決定的な方法はなく、現状は、埋め立てに頼っている。しかし、最近、セメントの製造分野では、廃棄物の有効利用および再資源化を目的として、都市ゴミ焼却灰や下水汚泥焼却灰等の廃棄物を原料としてエコセメントが製造されている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本発明は、短時間の蒸気養生を行った場合にでも、外観上問題にならない程度にひび割れの発生が少なく、また廃棄物から製造されたエコセメントの用途の拡大を通して廃棄物の有効利用および再資源化を図りうるモルタル・コンクリート製品を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は、
(1)エコセメントを使用してなるモルタル・コンクリート製品を第一の発明とする。
(2)C3Aを10〜25重量%、C4AFを10〜20重量%であってC3AとC4AFの合計量を20〜35重量%、塩素を0.1重量%以下、およびC2SまたはC3Sの一種以上を含有する焼成物と石膏からなるエコセメントを使用してなるモルタル・コンクリート製品を第二の発明とする。
(3)石膏として、二水石膏、半水石膏または無水石膏から選ばれる一種以上をSO3換算で1.5〜6重量%含有したエコセメントを使用してなる請求項1または2に記載のモルタル・コンクリート製品を第三の発明とする。
(4)上記(1)〜(3)に記載のモルタル・コンクリート製品の製造において常圧蒸気養生時間が短いことを特徴とするコンクリート製品の製造方法を第四の発明とする。
(5)上記(4)に記載の常圧蒸気養生において前置き時間が1.5時間以下、昇温速度が1時間当たり10〜35℃、最高温度が50〜90℃であって全養生時間が4〜6時間であることを特徴とするモルタル・コンクリート製品の製造方法を第五の発明とする。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下において、本発明を詳しく説明する。
本発明で用いるエコセメントは、都市ゴミ焼却灰、下水汚泥焼却灰の一種以上を原料として製造された水硬性組成物であり、更には都市ゴミ焼却灰、下水汚泥焼却灰の一種以上を原料としてなる焼成物であって、C3Aを10〜25重量%、C4AFを10〜20重量%およびC3AとC4AFの合計量が20〜35重量%、塩素を0.1重量%以下、並びにC2SまたはC3Sの一種以上を含有する焼成物と石膏からなる水硬性組成物である。
【0008】
また、エコセメントの原料は、都市ゴミ焼却灰、下水汚泥焼却灰に加えて、貝殻や下水汚泥に生石灰を混合した下水汚泥乾粉、その他の一般廃棄物、更には普通のセメント原料である石灰石、粘土、珪石、アルミ灰、ボーキサイト、鉄等と混合して成分調整した原料であってもよい。かかる原料を1200〜1450℃で焼成して得たクリンカーを粉砕後、この焼成物に石膏を添加するか、またはクリンカーと石膏を同時に粉砕してエコセメントを製造する。
【0009】
本発明のエコセメントは、C3Aが10〜25重量%、C4AFが10〜20重量%およびC3AとC4AFの合計量が10〜35重量%、並びに塩素が0.1重量%以下含まれるものが好ましい。この焼成物のアルミニウム源は主として焼却灰から由来しているためC3Aが10重量%未満であると焼却灰の使用量が少なくなり、廃棄物の有効利用および再資源化の観点から好ましくない。C3Aの量が25重量%を上回ると注水直後の瞬結や凝結の促進により可使時間が確保しにくくなり使い勝手が悪くなる。また、C4AFが10重量%未満であるとC3Aの生成量が多くなり上述と同様に可使時間が確保しにくくなり使い勝手が悪くなる。また、C4AFの量が20重量%を上回ると凝結時間等の物性に悪影響を及ぼす可能性がある。C3AとC4AFの合計量が35重量%を超えると焼成物を製造する際にキルン内に溶融物が付着しやすくなるため、安定的に製造するためにもC3AとC4AFの合計量が10〜35重量%が望ましい。また、塩素が0.1重量%を超えると、単位セメント量が多くなった場合に日本工業規格(JIS A 5308)や日本建築学会(JASS 5)で制限されているコンクリート1m3中の塩素の重量(Clの重量)が0.3kg以下を超える場合があるので0.1重量%以下が望ましい。
【0010】
本発明に用いる石膏は、無水石膏、二水石膏、半水石膏のいずれも使用でき、凝結調整および強度増進を担うものであり、その配合量はSO3換算で1.5〜6重量%、好ましくは3.5〜5重量%が好ましい。この量が1.5重量%未満ではこの焼成物に水を加えて混練すると凝結異常を起こす場合があり、6重量%を超えるとその硬化体が長期に渡って膨張し、耐久性および寸法安定性が低下することがある。
【0011】
次に、本発明に係るコンクリート製品の製造方法・条件を、全養生時間、昇温時間、および養生温度に分けて説明する。
▲1▼全養生時間
常圧蒸気養生時間の全養生時間は4〜6時間が好ましい。4時間より短いとコンクリート製品が脱型できず、6時間より長いと一日当たりの養生が2回転出来なくなる場合がある。また、全養生時間に占める前養生時間は、1.5時間以下が好ましい。このエコセメントの凝結時間は、普通ポルトランドセメントと同程度であるため、通常、行われている前置き時間で良いが、型枠の回転数を考慮すると1.5時間以下が好ましい。
【0012】
▲2▼昇温時間
常圧蒸気養生の昇温速度は、1時間当たり10〜35℃、好ましくは15〜25℃が良い。1時間当たり10℃より遅いと最高温度に到達するまで長い時間を要するため養生時間が長くなってしまい、1時間当たり35℃より速いと急な温度こう配によりひび割れが発生する場合がある。
【0013】
▲3▼養生温度
常圧蒸気養生の最高温度は、50〜90℃、好ましくは60〜80℃がよい。50℃より低いと、上記の養生時間内では強度発現性が低くて脱型できない場合があり、95℃より高いと、得られた製品の耐久性が損なわれる。
【0014】
【実施例】
以下に本発明の実施例を示す。なお、これらは例示であり本発明を限定するものではない。
【0015】
表1に示す乾燥した都市ゴミ焼却灰32.0重量%、石灰石64.2重量%、鉄原料2.4重量%、ソーダ灰(炭酸ナトリウム99.6重量%含有:セントラル硝子社製)1.4重量%を配合して成分調整した原料をロータリーキルンを用いて1300〜1450℃で焼成した。得られた水硬性焼成物は縦型ミルで粉砕した後、半水石膏をSO3換算で2.1重量%外割で添加・混合してエコセメントを製造した。このエコセメントの粉末度はブレーン比表面積が3900 cm2/gであった。なお、得られたエコセメントの鉱物組成を表2に示す。
【0016】
【表1】
【0017】
【表2】
【0018】
このエコセメントと下記に示す材料を表3に示す重量割合でコンクリートを混練し、直径10cm、高さ20cmの型枠および図1・図2に示す寸法および形状のコンクリート製品(ボックスカルバート)の型枠にコンクリートを詰め、下記の蒸気養生条件で蒸気養生を行い、養生後、脱型し、直径10cm、高さ20cmについては所定の材齢まで気中養生を行い圧縮強度を測定した。また、図1・図2に示す製品については蒸気養生終了直後と6ヶ月間屋内で乾燥後、隅角部の4個所について(図1の▲1▼〜▲4▼の4個所)、ひび割れの有無を目視により調査した。その結果を表4に示す。なお、コンクリートのスランプは8cm、空気量は2.0%とした。
【0019】
(使用材料)
普通ポルトランドセメント :太平洋セメント社製
細骨材 :陸砂
粗骨材 :砕石
混和剤 :ポリカルボン酸系高性能減水剤「コアフローCP−300」 太平洋セメント社製
(蒸気養生条件)
20℃で前置時間1時間、昇温速度25℃/h、最高温度75℃で2時間保持。
【0020】
【表3】
【0021】
【表4】
【0022】
表4より、本発明のコンクリート製品(実施例1および2)は、普通ポルトランドセメントを使用した製品(比較例1および2)と同等な強度性状を示し、蒸気養生直後および6ヶ月乾燥後の、隅角部4個所いずれについてもひび割れが見られなかった。一方、比較例1および2では、ひび割れが見られた。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
以上、説明したとおり、本発明のモルタル・コンクリート製品は、蒸気養生時間が短くても、長期に渡ってひび割れの発生が見られない。また、本発明によって、廃棄物から製造されたエコセメントの用途の拡大を通して廃棄物の有効利用および再資源化を図ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】コンクリート製品の正面図である。図中の数値の単位はmmである。
【図2】コンクリート製品の側面図である。図中の数値の単位はmmである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a mortar / concrete product using a hydraulic composition (hereinafter referred to as “eco-cement”) produced from waste such as municipal waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, mortar / concrete products are generally manufactured by steam curing from the viewpoint of improving productivity using ordinary Portland cement or the like. Usually, since the mold rotation speed per day is 2 rotations, the mold is removed after the total steam curing time (time required from the front to the mold removal) has passed about 8 hours. In this steam curing method, after pouring mortar or concrete into the mold, perform pre-curing and after setting the mold in the steam curing tank, or after covering the mold with a curing sheet, Curing is performed by supplying heated steam all at once in the curing tank and curing sheet. However, in the method of supplying steam at a stretch, the product is subjected to a temperature load, and a temperature difference (temperature gradient) is generated between the inside and outside of the product, and shrinkage is likely to occur. The resulting mortar / concrete product is susceptible to cracking. In particular, the shorter the steam curing time, the easier it is to crack.
[0003]
In order to eliminate the occurrence of cracks, steam curing should be performed after sufficient strength has been achieved, steam curing is performed by increasing the initial strength using a hardening accelerator, etc., or shrinkage compensation is performed using an expansion material, etc. The method of reducing shrinkage etc. can be mentioned. In addition, if a temperature gradient occurs when the strength is insufficient, cracks are likely to occur. Therefore, if steam curing is performed after the strength is sufficiently developed, the tensile stress due to the temperature gradient is reduced and cracks are reduced. However, in order to ensure sufficient strength development, it is necessary to take a long pre-curing, resulting in a problem that the steam curing time becomes longer as a whole and the productivity of the product does not increase.
Also, methods that use hardening accelerators to increase the initial strength and methods that use expansion materials to reduce shrinkage are more expensive than ordinary portland cement, etc., and are actually used in factories. In some cases, there are many problems such as the need for additional facilities.
[0004]
On the other hand, in recent years, municipal waste and sewage sludge and other general waste and industrial waste have remarkably increased, so effective use and recycling of waste has been attempted in various directions. Rather, the current situation relies on landfills. However, recently, in the cement manufacturing field, eco-cement has been manufactured using wastes such as municipal waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash as raw materials for the purpose of effective use and recycling of waste.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the present invention has less cracking to the extent that it does not cause a problem in appearance even when steam curing is performed for a short time, and the effective use of waste through the expansion of the use of eco-cement manufactured from waste. It aims to provide mortar and concrete products that can be recycled.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention
(1) The first invention is a mortar / concrete product using ecocement.
(2) C 3 A 10 to 25 wt%, a 10 to 20 wt% of C 4 AF C 3 the total amount of A and C 4 AF 20 to 35 wt%, chlorine 0.1 wt% or less, and A mortar / concrete product using a fired product containing at least one of C 2 S or C 3 S and ecocement made of gypsum is a second invention.
(3) The mortar or the mortar according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an ecocement containing 1.5 to 6 wt% of one or more selected from dihydrate gypsum, hemihydrate gypsum or anhydrous gypsum in terms of SO 3 is used as gypsum. A concrete product is a third invention.
(4) According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a concrete product characterized in that the atmospheric steam curing time is short in the production of the mortar / concrete product according to the above (1) to (3).
(5) In the atmospheric pressure steam curing as described in (4) above, the pretreatment time is 1.5 hours or less, the heating rate is 10 to 35 ° C. per hour, the maximum temperature is 50 to 90 ° C., and the total curing time is 4 to 4 hours. A fifth aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a mortar / concrete product characterized by being 6 hours.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the following, the present invention will be described in detail.
The eco-cement used in the present invention is a hydraulic composition produced using at least one of municipal waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash as a raw material, and further using at least one of municipal waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash as a raw material. A calcined product of 10 to 25% by weight of C 3 A, 10 to 20% by weight of C 4 AF, 20 to 35% by weight of C 3 A and C 4 AF, and 0.1% by weight or less of chlorine And a hydraulic composition comprising a calcined product and gypsum containing one or more of C 2 S or C 3 S.
[0008]
In addition to municipal waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash, the raw material of ecocement is sewage sludge dry powder in which quick lime is mixed with shells and sewage sludge, other general waste, and limestone, which is an ordinary cement raw material, It may be a raw material mixed with clay, quartzite, aluminum ash, bauxite, iron or the like to adjust its components. After crushing the clinker obtained by calcining the raw material at 1200 to 1450 ° C., gypsum is added to the calcined product, or the clinker and gypsum are simultaneously pulverized to produce ecocement.
[0009]
The ecocement of the present invention has 10 to 25% by weight of C 3 A, 10 to 20% by weight of C 4 AF, 10 to 35% by weight of C 3 A and C 4 AF, and 0.1% by weight of chlorine. What is contained below is preferable. Since the aluminum source of this fired product is mainly derived from incinerated ash, if C 3 A is less than 10% by weight, the amount of incinerated ash used is reduced, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of effective use of waste and recycling. . If the amount of C 3 A exceeds 25% by weight, it becomes difficult to secure the pot life due to the promotion of instant setting and condensation immediately after water injection, and the usability deteriorates. Further, when C 4 AF is less than 10% by weight, the amount of C 3 A produced increases, and it becomes difficult to secure the usable time as described above, resulting in poor usability. Further, if the amount of C 4 AF exceeds 20% by weight, physical properties such as setting time may be adversely affected. If the total amount of C 3 A and C 4 AF exceeds 35% by weight, the melt tends to adhere to the kiln when the calcined product is produced, so that C 3 A and C 4 can also be produced stably. The total amount of AF is preferably 10 to 35% by weight. If the chlorine content exceeds 0.1% by weight, the weight of chlorine in 1 m 3 of concrete restricted by the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS A 5308) or the Architectural Institute of Japan (JASS 5) when the amount of unit cement increases ( Since the weight of Cl) may exceed 0.3 kg or less, 0.1 wt% or less is desirable.
[0010]
As the gypsum used in the present invention, any of anhydrous gypsum, dihydrate gypsum, and hemihydrate gypsum can be used, and it is responsible for setting adjustment and strength enhancement, and its blending amount is 1.5 to 6% by weight in terms of SO 3 , preferably 3.5 to 5% by weight is preferred. If this amount is less than 1.5% by weight, the fired product may be kneaded with water and kneading may occur. If it exceeds 6% by weight, the cured product will swell for a long time, resulting in durability and dimensional stability. May decrease.
[0011]
Next, the manufacturing method and conditions for the concrete product according to the present invention will be described separately for the total curing time, the temperature raising time, and the curing temperature.
(1) Total curing time The total curing time of the normal pressure steam curing time is preferably 4 to 6 hours. If it is shorter than 4 hours, the concrete product cannot be removed from the mold, and if it is longer than 6 hours, the daily curing may not be performed twice. Moreover, the pre-curing time occupying in the total curing time is preferably 1.5 hours or less. Since the setting time of this eco-cement is comparable to that of ordinary Portland cement, it is usually sufficient to use the pre-setting time. However, considering the number of rotations of the mold, it is preferably 1.5 hours or less.
[0012]
(2) Temperature rising time The temperature rising rate of atmospheric steam curing is 10 to 35 ° C. per hour, preferably 15 to 25 ° C. If it is slower than 10 ° C. per hour, it takes a long time to reach the maximum temperature, so that the curing time becomes longer. If it is faster than 35 ° C. per hour, cracks may occur due to a steep temperature gradient.
[0013]
(3) Curing temperature The maximum temperature of normal pressure steam curing is 50 to 90 ° C, preferably 60 to 80 ° C. If it is lower than 50 ° C., the strength developability may be low within the above curing time, and demolding may not be possible. If it is higher than 95 ° C., the durability of the obtained product is impaired.
[0014]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention are shown below. These are examples and do not limit the present invention.
[0015]
Ingredients were adjusted by mixing 32.0% by weight of dry municipal waste incineration ash shown in Table 1, 64.2% by weight of limestone, 2.4% by weight of iron raw material, and 1.4% by weight of soda ash (containing 99.6% by weight of sodium carbonate: Central Glass Co., Ltd.). The raw material was baked at 1300-1450 ° C. using a rotary kiln. The obtained hydraulic fired product was pulverized by a vertical mill, and then hemihydrate gypsum was added and mixed in an amount of 2.1% by weight in terms of SO 3 to produce ecocement. The fineness of this ecocement was 3900 cm 2 / g of Blaine specific surface area. The mineral composition of the obtained ecocement is shown in Table 2.
[0016]
[Table 1]
[0017]
[Table 2]
[0018]
Concrete is kneaded with this eco-cement and the materials shown below in the weight ratio shown in Table 3, and a mold of 10 cm in diameter and 20 cm in height and a concrete product (box culvert) having the dimensions and shape shown in FIGS. Concrete was packed in a frame and steam curing was performed under the following steam curing conditions. After curing, the mold was removed, and for 10 cm in diameter and 20 cm in height, air curing was performed until a predetermined age, and the compressive strength was measured. In addition, the products shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are cracked at four corners (4 in (1) to (4) in FIG. 1) immediately after the completion of steam curing and after drying indoors for 6 months. The presence or absence was examined visually. The results are shown in Table 4. The concrete slump was 8 cm and the air volume was 2.0%.
[0019]
(Materials used)
Ordinary Portland cement: Taiheiyo Cement Fine Aggregate: Land sand coarse aggregate: Crushed stone admixture: Polycarboxylic acid-based high-performance water reducing agent "Core Flow CP-300" Taiheiyo Cement Co., Ltd. (steam curing conditions)
Preconditioning time at 20 ° C for 1 hour, heating rate of 25 ° C / h, maximum temperature of 75 ° C for 2 hours.
[0020]
[Table 3]
[0021]
[Table 4]
[0022]
From Table 4, the concrete products of the present invention (Examples 1 and 2) exhibit strength properties equivalent to those of products using ordinary Portland cement (Comparative Examples 1 and 2), and immediately after steam curing and after drying for 6 months, No cracks were seen at any of the four corners. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, cracks were observed.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the mortar / concrete product of the present invention does not show cracking over a long period of time even when the steam curing time is short. In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively use and recycle the waste through the expansion of the use of the ecocement manufactured from the waste.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a concrete product. The unit of the numerical values in the figure is mm.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a concrete product. The unit of the numerical values in the figure is mm.
Claims (1)
石膏として、二水石膏、半水石膏または無水石膏から選ばれる一種以上を、SO3換算で1.5〜6重量%含有し、
常圧蒸気養生として、前置き時間が1.5時間以下、昇温速度が1時間当たり10〜35℃、最高温度が50〜90℃であって全養生時間が4〜6時間である耐ひび割れ性コンクリート製品の製造方法。A hydraulic composition manufactured from one or more of municipal waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash, with C 3 A 10-25 wt%, C 4 AF 10-20 wt% and C 3 A A calcined product having a total amount of C 4 AF of 20 to 35% by weight, chlorine of 0.1% by weight or less, and one or more of C 2 S or C 3 S;
As the gypsum, containing at least 1.5 to 6% by weight in terms of SO3, one or more selected from dihydrate gypsum, hemihydrate gypsum, or anhydrous gypsum,
Cracking-resistant concrete products with a preheating time of 1.5 hours or less, a heating rate of 10 to 35 ° C per hour, a maximum temperature of 50 to 90 ° C and a total curing time of 4 to 6 hours for atmospheric steam curing Manufacturing method.
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| JP2000226624A JP4248736B2 (en) | 2000-07-27 | 2000-07-27 | Mortar / concrete product and manufacturing method thereof |
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| JP2000226624A JP4248736B2 (en) | 2000-07-27 | 2000-07-27 | Mortar / concrete product and manufacturing method thereof |
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| JP2007186360A (en) * | 2006-01-11 | 2007-07-26 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Cement composition |
| JP5535106B2 (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2014-07-02 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Cement composition |
| JP6591729B2 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2019-10-16 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Concrete production method |
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