JP4301689B2 - Rail snow melter - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rail snow melter that melts and removes snow that is an obstacle to the operation of a rail point.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Railway rail points may interfere with the operation of the point switcher due to the snow on the point switcher being trapped between the basic rail and the Tongleil in winter, making it impossible to switch points reliably. Therefore, conventionally, the rail is heated by a canter using kerosene, a burner using a fuel gas such as kerosene or liquefied natural gas, and the snow trapped on the point changer is melted and removed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional heating method, the rail is heated at a single point and directly with a flame, so that most of the heat of the flame escapes into the air, resulting in poor thermal efficiency.
Moreover, since the flame was exposed to the outside, the fire was easily extinguished by wind and snow, wind generated when passing through the train, and the like.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rail snow melter with high thermal efficiency, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rail snow melter in which the burner is hard to extinguish.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, in the rail snow melter according to claim 1 of the present invention, a burner provided to face the concave portion on the side surface of the rail, and the concave side of the burner in the longitudinal direction of the rail. And an exhaust cover provided extending along the length of the rail. The exhaust cover surrounds the combustion chamber of the burner and passes the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber between the recess and the longitudinal direction of the rail. A fuel gas that forms an exhaust passage that leads along a direction and that supplies fuel gas from one side of a planar metal knit made of refractory metal fibers as the burner and passes through the metal knit on the other side It is characterized by using a burner of the type that burns.
[0006]
In the rail snow melter configured as described above, an exhaust passage for guiding the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber of the burner is formed between the rail and the recess of the rail by the exhaust cover. It is heated not only by heat but also by convective heat transfer of the exhaust gas. And since exhaust gas is guide | induced along the longitudinal direction of a rail by an exhaust passage, the heating range of the rail by exhaust gas is wide, and a rail is heated more effectively. Further, since the combustion chamber is surrounded by the exhaust cover, wind and snow, wind generated when passing through the train, and the like are blocked, making it difficult for the burner to extinguish. Here, as the burner used in the present invention, it is preferable to use a gas-type burner that can be easily operated remotely or automatically by ignition or extinguishing of the burner by the control device C. This is because, for example, a kerosene burner is difficult to realize automatic ignition, and it is necessary for the worker to ignite and extinguish each time it is used. Because it becomes complicated. In addition, the kerosene burner is a consumable lamp that needs to be replaced every time it is burned for about 30 hours. It also takes time for maintenance. From this point of view, the gas burner is preferable. . In the rail snowmelter constructed in this way, the burner burns fuel gas on the surface of the surface-shaped metal knit made of heat-resistant metal fibers, so that a uniform red hot surface can be obtained and the rail can be expanded over a wide range. Can be heated efficiently.
[0008]
3. The rail snow melter according to claim 2 , wherein a grid for partitioning the combustion chamber in the exhaust cover is provided on the concave portion side of the burner, and the grid is provided substantially horizontally above the combustion surface of the burner. And a partition plate that is provided on the lower surface of the plate at an appropriate interval in the longitudinal direction of the rail, and partitions the combustion surface into a plurality of sections while continuing at least a part thereof. It is characterized by. In the rail snow melter configured as described above, the combustion surface of the burner is partitioned into a plurality of sections by the grid, so that the wind from the outside is more effectively blocked and the fire of the burner is more difficult to extinguish. And since each section of the combustion surface is at least partially continuous, even if the burner fire extinguishes in any section, if the burner fire remains in at least one section, it is adjacent The burner's fire is transmitted to the section to be ignited again. Further, since the grid is also heated by the burner, the rail is also heated by the radiation heat transfer of the grid, and the thermal efficiency can be further improved.
[0009]
The rail snow melter according to claim 3 is characterized in that a primary air inlet of the burner is provided below the exhaust cover. In the rail snowmelter configured as described above, the primary air intake of the burner is provided below the exhaust cover, that is, at a position where it is difficult for the wind from the outside to be blown in, so the pressure fluctuation of the primary air is reduced, Burner combustion can be stabilized.
[0010]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the rail snowmelter includes a control device that controls the operation of the burner, and a remote control panel that remotely operates the control device. In a rail snowmelter configured in this way, the control device for controlling the operation of the burner can be operated from a remote location by means of a remote control panel, so there is no need for the operator to go to the installation site and the burden on the operator Is reduced. Moreover, since it is not necessary for an operator to enter the track, troublesome work such as safety confirmation can be eliminated.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a rail snow melter according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. 1 and 2 are views showing the configuration of the rail snow melter according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of the rail snow melter, FIG. 2 (b) is a front view, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the shape of a grid which is a component of the rail snow melter of this embodiment, FIG. 3 (a) is a front view, and FIG. 3 (b) is a side view. It is.
[0012]
The rail snow melter 1 according to the present embodiment is provided on the outer side of the rail laid near the point, and as shown in FIG. 1, the burner is provided facing the concave portion 3 on the side surface of the rail 2. 6 and an exhaust cover 7 provided to extend along the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 on the recess 3 side of the burner 6. The rail snow melter 1 is attached to the rail 2 so as to be detachable by being clamped and fixed to a protruding portion at the lower end of the rail 2 by a stay (not shown), for example.
The exhaust cover 7 has a substantially box shape in which an opening 7 a is formed on the rail 2 side, surrounds the periphery of the combustion chamber 8 of the burner 6, and is discharged from the combustion chamber 8 between the recess 3. An exhaust passage 9 for guiding the exhaust gas along the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 is formed.
Here, in the exhaust cover 7, side plates 7b, 7b constituting both side surfaces of the rail 2 in the longitudinal direction are in contact with the concave portions 3 of the rail 2, and are provided between these side plates 7b to constitute upper and lower surfaces. The plate 7c and the lower plate 7d are separated from the recess 3 by a predetermined distance, and the exhaust gas of the burner 6 is discharged from a gap K formed between the upper and lower plates 7c, 7d and the recess 3. Yes.
[0013]
The burner 6 is a gas-type burner that can be easily operated by remote control or automatic operation of burner ignition and extinguishing by the control device. In this embodiment, a premixed burner is employed. As shown in FIG. 2A, the burner 6 is connected to the fuel gas supply source G and appropriately supplies the fuel gas (for example, liquefied natural gas) supplied from the fuel gas supply source G and the outside air (primary air). A mixing tube 11 for mixing at a proper ratio, a generally box-shaped first chamber 12 covering the periphery of the mixing tube 11, and protruding from the first chamber 12 toward the rail 2. A substantially box-shaped second chamber 13 into which an air-fuel mixture is fed.
[0014]
An opening 13a is formed on the rail 2 side of the second chamber 13, and a planar metal knit 14 formed by braiding a heat-resistant metal fiber is provided in the opening 13a. The metal knit 14 partitions the second chamber 13 and the outside while ensuring air permeability, and the surface on the recess 3 side forms a combustion surface 6 a of the burner 6. Here, the space on the rail 2 side of the metal knit 14 is a combustion chamber 7 of the burner 6.
Further, in the second chamber 13, the air-fuel mixture fed from the mixing tube 11 is temporarily received in front of the discharge port 11 a of the mixing tube 11 so as not to directly hit the metal knit 14 and spread to the side. A plate 13 b is provided so that the pressure of the air-fuel mixture is applied almost evenly to the entire surface of the metal knit 14.
Here, a grid 21 described later is attached to the rail 2 side of the second chamber 13 as shown in FIG. 1, and the exhaust cover 7 is attached to the second chamber 13.
[0015]
The first chamber 12 includes a gas connection port 16 connected to the fuel gas supply source G through a gas pipe as shown in FIG. 2A, and a first chamber 12 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2B. And a primary air intake port 17 for taking in primary air from the outside to the inside of the chamber 12. Here, the gas connection port 16 or the gas pipe 16a connected to the gas connection port 16 is provided with an electromagnetic valve that is opened and closed by the control device C, so that fuel gas supply and supply stop can be operated remotely or automatically. You may do it. In the present embodiment, a solenoid valve V is provided in the gas pipe 16a.
The primary air intake 17 is provided on the rail 2 side of the first chamber 12 so as to protrude from the lower side of the second chamber 13 to the rail 2 side, and its tip extends to the lower side of the exhaust cover 7. Has reached. Here, in the present embodiment, the width in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 of the primary air intake port 17 is secured to the same extent as the width in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 of the second chamber 13. Further, the primary air intake 17 is provided with a filter 17a for filtering and cleaning outside air.
Here, a main body cover 18 that covers the upper portions of the first and second chambers 12 and 13 and protects them from wind and snow is provided on the upper portion of the first chamber 12.
[0016]
The grid 21 is attached around the opening 13 a of the second chamber 13 so as to protrude toward the rail 2, and partitions the combustion chamber 8 within the exhaust cover 7. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the grid 21 is appropriately disposed along the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 on the plate 22 provided substantially horizontally on the upper part of the metal knit 14 attached to the opening 13 a and on the lower surface of the plate 22. A partition plate 23 that is provided at an interval and divides the combustion surface 6a formed by the metal knit 14 from the upper end to the vicinity of the lower end into a plurality of sections, and a bottom plate 24 that connects the lower ends of the partition plate 23 to each other. Yes. Here, the partition plate 23 does not reach the lower end of the combustion surface 6a, and the bottom plate 24 is also provided with a gap of a predetermined size between it and the combustion surface 6a. Is partly continuous without being divided.
And the clearance gap formed between the baseplate 24 and the combustion surface 6a is made into the secondary air intake 26 which supplies secondary air to the combustion surface 6a.
[0017]
The opening 7 a of the exhaust cover 7 is made larger than the opening area of the opening 13 a of the second chamber 13, that is, the area of the combustion surface 6 a of the burner 6.
Further, the exhaust cover 7 is provided with spark plugs 27 and 27 for igniting the burner 6 with electric sparks, located on both sides of the rail 2 side surface (combustion surface 6a) of the metal knit 14. The spark plugs 27, 27 are connected to ignition transformers 29, 29 provided in the first chamber 12 through cylindrical protective tubes 28, 28 that connect the inside of the first chamber 12 and the inside of the exhaust cover 7, respectively. The ignition transformers 29 and 29 are applied with a high voltage for generating an electric spark. Here, the control of the power supply to the ignition transformers 29 and 29 is performed via the control device C as shown in FIG. 2A, whereby the burner 6 can be operated remotely or automatically. Can be ignited.
[0018]
In addition, a temperature sensor 31 that detects the temperature of the plate 22 is provided above the grid 21 in the exhaust cover 7. The temperature sensor 31 is connected to the control device C by a wiring (not shown), and constitutes a flame detection device that detects whether the burner 6 is burning together with the control device C.
The control device C monitors the temperature of the plate 22 detected by the temperature sensor 31, determines that the fire of the burner 6 is extinguished when the temperature of the plate 22 drops below a predetermined temperature, and remotely A signal indicating that the fire of the burner 6 has been extinguished is sent to the operation panel R, or the ignition transformers 29 and 29 are automatically operated to generate electric sparks from the spark plugs 27 and 27 so that reignition is attempted. It has become.
[0019]
The remote control panel R is provided in a station building, for example, and is connected to the control device C by wire or wirelessly, and sends a signal instructing the operation of the burner 6 to the control device C. The operation state of the burner 6 is received as a signal to notify the operator. In the present embodiment, the remote control panel R is connected to the control device C via a radio telephone line, and is always connected or only when exchanging signals.
The remote control panel R instructs the control device C to supply power to the ignition transformers 29, 29, stop supply, and open / close the electromagnetic valve V provided in the gas pipe 6a. (Temperature sensor 31 and control device C) that the burner 6 has been extinguished as a signal, the alarm lamp is turned on, the alarm buzzer is sounded, etc. Inform.
In addition to manual operation by an operator, the remote control panel R may be provided with, for example, a snowfall sensor or a rail temperature sensor so that the burner 6 is automatically operated when a certain condition is satisfied. Conditions for automatically operating the burner 6 include when a snowfall is actually detected by a snowfall sensor, or when the temperature of the rail is measured by a rail temperature sensor, for example, and the temperature of the rail is less than zero degrees, that is, snow falling on the rail is melted. For example, it is possible to detect that a state has been reached without being accumulated.
In addition to manual operation, the remote control panel R automatically instructs the control device C to close the solenoid valve V, and automatically extinguishes the burner 6 when it is not needed to suppress wasteful fuel consumption. be able to.
The automatic extinguishing of the burner 6 is performed, for example, after a predetermined time has elapsed since the snow sensor detected that the snow had stopped, or the rail temperature in a portion not heated by the burner 6 became higher than zero. It is conceivable to do in case. Further, as a safety device, the remote control panel R or the control device C or the burner 6 may be provided with a mechanism for extinguishing fire when, for example, an earthquake is detected.
[0020]
The usage method of the rail snow melter 1 comprised in this way is demonstrated.
First, the solenoid valve V is opened by manual operation, remote operation by the remote operation panel R, or automatic operation, and fuel gas is supplied from the fuel gas supply source G to the mixing tube 11 in the first chamber 12. Since the burner 6 is a normal pressure type, the primary air in the first chamber 12 is sucked into the mixing tube 11, mixed with the fuel gas at an appropriate ratio, and sent into the second chamber 13.
Here, since a suction pressure is generated in the first chamber 12 by the fuel gas being blown into the mixing tube 11, the outside air (primary air) is taken in through the primary air intake port 17. This outside air is filtered and purified by the filter 17a.
[0021]
The air-fuel mixture fed into the second chamber 13 through the mixing tube 11 is once received by the plate 13b in the second chamber 13 and spread laterally, so that the metal knit attached to the opening 13a 14 is ejected from the entire surface of the rail 14 toward the rail 2 with substantially equal pressure.
And by remote operation or automatic operation, for example, immediately after opening the electromagnetic valve V, or after allowing sufficient time for the fuel gas to be supplied to the surface of the metal knit 14 after opening the electromagnetic valve V, Electric power is supplied to the ignition transformers 29 and 29, and electric sparks are generated from the spark plugs 27 and 27 provided on both sides of the metal knit 14.
In this way, the air-fuel mixture that has passed through the metal knit 14 is ignited by the electric sparks generated by the spark plugs 27 and 27 and burned on the combustion surface 6a. Here, on the rail 2 side of the combustion surface 6a, that is, the combustion chamber 8, secondary air is supplied from the secondary air intake 26 to the combustion surface 6a.
In the ignition process of the burner 6, the electric sparks by the spark plugs 27, 27 are continuously generated for several seconds in order to surely perform the ignition of the burner 6.
[0022]
After the burner 6 is ignited in this way, it is detected whether or not the burner 6 is burning by the flame detection device. When the burner 6 is extinguished, the fuel gas is supplied by remote operation or automatic operation. Stop or attempt to reignite burner 6.
Whether the burner 6 is burning is determined by measuring the temperature of the plate 22 of the grid 21 with the temperature sensor 31 constituting the flame detection device and monitoring the measured value of the temperature sensor 31 with the control device C also constituting the flame detection device. To do. Then, the control device C determines that the fire of the burner 6 has been extinguished when the temperature of the plate 22 falls below a predetermined temperature, and signals that the fire of the burner 6 has extinguished on the remote control panel provided at the remote place. Or by operating the ignition transformers 29, 29 to generate electric sparks from the spark plugs 27, 27 and attempt to reignite.
When the heating of the rail 2 by the rail snow melter 1 is no longer necessary due to the disappearance of snow, the solenoid valve V is closed by manual operation, remote operation by the remote control panel R, or automatic operation, and the fuel gas The supply of fuel gas from the supply source G is stopped, and the burner 6 is extinguished. In addition, when a mechanism for extinguishing fire is provided as a safety device, for example, when an earthquake is detected, the burner 6 is extinguished when the earthquake is detected.
[0023]
According to this rail snowmelter 1, the exhaust passage 7 is formed between the recess 3 of the rail 2 and the exhaust cover 7 to guide the exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 8 of the burner 6. It is heated not only by heat transfer but also by convective heat transfer of the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the air-fuel mixture. The exhaust passage 9 is larger than the combustion chamber 8 and is formed along the recess 3 of the rail 2, and the exhaust gas is guided along the longitudinal direction of the recess 3 of the rail 2. Widely, the rail 2 is heated more effectively.
Further, since the combustion chamber 8 is surrounded by the exhaust cover 7, wind and snow, wind generated when passing through the train, and the like are blocked, making it difficult for the burner 6 to extinguish.
[0024]
The burner 6 forms a combustion surface 6a with a planar metal knit 14, and the air-fuel mixture is supplied to the entire surface of the metal knit 14 (combustion surface 6a) at almost equal pressure. 6a can obtain a uniform red hot surface, and the rail 2 can be efficiently heated in a wide range.
And the combustion surface 6a is partitioned into a plurality of sections partially continuous along the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 by the partition plate 23 of the grid 21, and the wind from the outside is more effectively blocked. The flame of the burner 6 becomes more difficult to disappear. Moreover, since each section of the combustion surface 6a is continuous, even if the fire of the burner 6 is extinguished in any section, the fire of the burner 6 remains in at least one section. The fire of the burner 6 is transmitted to the adjacent section and ignited again.
And since the grid 21 is also heated by combustion of the burner 6, the rail 2 is also heated by the radiant heat transfer of the grid 21, and thermal efficiency improves more.
[0025]
Further, the flame detection device, for example, if the surface temperature of the burner 6 is temporarily lowered by blowing air from the outside, but the fire of the burner 6 is not extinguished, the plate 22 of the grid 21 heated by the burner 6. The temperature of the burner 6 is detected based on the temperature of the plate 22 based on the fact that the temperature of the burner 6 is burning. For example, the temperature of the surface of the burner 6 is temporarily increased by blowing air from the outside. Therefore, it is difficult to malfunction even if the burner 6 is lowered, and it is possible to accurately detect whether the burner 6 is burning.
[0026]
Further, since the primary air intake port 17 of the burner 6 is provided below the exhaust cover 7, that is, at a position where it is difficult to blow air from the outside, the pressure fluctuation of the primary air is reduced and the combustion of the burner 6 is stabilized. be able to.
Further, since the control device C for controlling the operation of the burner 6 can be operated from a remote place by the remote operation panel R, the worker does not need to go to the installation site, and the burden on the worker is reduced. Moreover, since it is not necessary for an operator to enter the track, troublesome work such as safety confirmation can be eliminated. In the present embodiment, since the remote control panel R and the control device C are connected wirelessly, the signal is less susceptible to noise than the case of connecting by wire, and the signal can be exchanged accurately. it can. In addition, since the wiring work is unnecessary or requires a little effort, the installation cost is also reduced.
[0027]
In the above embodiment, the upper and lower plates 7c and 7d of the exhaust cover 7 are separated from the recess 3 of the rail 2, and the gap K is formed over almost the entire length of the exhaust cover 7. For example, the upper and lower plates 7c and 7d are brought into contact with the recess 3 of the rail 2, and the upper and lower plates 7c and 7d are notched along the longitudinal direction at both ends in the longitudinal direction on the recess 3 side. The gap K may be provided only at both ends in the longitudinal direction above and below the exhaust cover 7.
Further, the control device C may be built in the first chamber 12.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
According to the rail snow melting device of the first aspect of the present invention, the rail is heated not only by the radiant heat transfer of the burner but also by the convective heat transfer of the exhaust gas. And since exhaust gas is guide | induced along the longitudinal direction of a rail by an exhaust passage, the heating range of the rail by exhaust gas is wide, and a rail is heated more effectively.
Further, since the combustion chamber is surrounded by the exhaust cover, wind and snow, wind generated when passing through the train, and the like are blocked, making it difficult for the burner to extinguish.
[0029]
According to the rail snow melter of the second aspect, since the burner has a uniform red hot surface, the rail can be efficiently heated in a wide range.
[0030]
According to the rail snow melter of the third aspect, since the combustion surface of the burner is partitioned into a plurality of sections by the grid, the wind from the outside is more effectively blocked and the fire of the burner is more difficult to extinguish. And since the combustion surface is not completely divided, even if the burner fire extinguishes in any one section, if the burner fire remains in at least one section, the burner in the adjacent section The fire is transmitted and can be ignited again.
Further, since the grid is also heated by the burner, the rail is also heated by the radiation heat transfer of the grid, and the thermal efficiency can be further improved.
[0031]
According to the rail snowmelter of claim 4, since the primary air intake port of the burner is provided below the exhaust cover, that is, at a position where it is difficult for the wind from the outside to blow in, the pressure fluctuation of the primary air is reduced, Burner combustion can be stabilized.
[0032]
According to the rail snowmelter of claim 5, since the control device for controlling the operation of the burner can be operated from a remote place by the remote control panel, it is not necessary for the worker to go to the installation site, and the burden on the worker. Is reduced. Moreover, since it is not necessary for an operator to enter the track, troublesome work such as safety confirmation can be eliminated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a rail snow melter in an embodiment of the present invention.
2A and 2B are diagrams showing a configuration of a rail snow melter according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 2A is a plan sectional view and FIG. 2B is a front view.
3A and 3B are diagrams showing the shape of a grid that is a component of the rail snow melter according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 3A is a front view and FIG. 3B is a side view.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rail snowmelter 2 Rail 3 Recess 6 Burner 6a Combustion surface 7 Exhaust cover 8 Combustion chamber 9 Exhaust passage 14 Metal knit 17 Primary air intake 21 Grid 22 Plate 23 Partition plate 31 Temperature sensor C Controller R Remote control panel

Claims (4)

A burner provided opposite to the concave portion on the side surface of the rail; and an exhaust cover provided on the concave portion side of the burner so as to extend along the longitudinal direction of the rail. The exhaust cover includes the burner Forming an exhaust passage for guiding the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber along the longitudinal direction of the rail between the periphery of the combustion chamber and the recess .
The burner is characterized in that a fuel gas is supplied from one side of a planar metal knit made of refractory metal fibers and burned with the fuel gas passing through the metal knit on the other side. Rail snow melting machine. A grid for partitioning the combustion chamber in the exhaust cover is provided on the concave portion side of the burner, and the grid is provided with a plate provided substantially horizontally above the combustion surface of the burner and the rail on the lower surface of the plate. The rail snow melting according to claim 1 , further comprising a partition plate provided at an appropriate interval in the longitudinal direction of the rail and partitioning the combustion surface into a plurality of sections while continuing at least a part thereof. vessel. Primary air intake of the burner, rail snow melting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that provided below the exhaust cover. The rail snow melting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising: a control device that controls the operation of the burner; and a remote operation panel that remotely operates the control device.

Images