JP4324835B2 - Organic waste treatment system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Field of the Invention]
The present invention relates to a system for treating organic waste such as garbage, and more particularly to a system in which organic waste is digested by microorganisms to make it odorless and harmless.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A system for producing compost by treating organic waste such as raw garbage with microorganisms is known. In such a system, there is a problem that a large place is required because fermentation of raw garbage by microorganisms requires a long time, and the location is restricted due to a strange odor during fermentation.
[0003]
In this regard, the applicant has provided a kneading means for kneading by providing a kneading means for kneading the treatment base material containing microorganisms with organic waste, and a warehouse for storing and aging the kneaded material for a predetermined period. Has been filed for an organic waste treatment system (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-18547) in which a predetermined amount is fed to the kneading means as a processing base material for kneading with the next organic waste.
[0004]
[Problems of the Invention]
The basic problem of the present invention is that organic waste can be efficiently processed in a relatively small space, secondary waste is less generated, and the kneaded product can be placed on the pallet with a substantially uniform thickness. It is to provide a waste treatment system .
[0008]
The present invention is provided with a kneading means for kneading a treatment base material containing microorganisms with organic waste, and a warehouse for storing and aging the kneaded material for a predetermined period. An organic waste treatment system for supplying to the kneading means as a processing base material for kneading with organic waste,
A mold for feeding the kneaded material from the kneading means, and a reversing means for inverting the mold and placing the kneaded material on a pallet in a shape corresponding to the mold , To do.
[0009]
Preferably, the reversing unit integrally reverses the pallet and the mold from a state where the pallet is placed on the mold to a state where the mold is placed on the pallet .
[0010]
[Operation and effect of the invention]
In this invention, the processing base material containing microorganisms and the organic waste are kneaded, placed on a pallet, stored in a warehouse and aged. During this time, the organic waste is digested by microorganisms, and the matured kneaded material becomes a processing base material for kneading with the next organic waste. Since aging can be performed in a warehouse, a large amount of kneaded material can be stored in a relatively small space, and organic waste is digested by microorganisms and becomes the next processing base material, so that generation of secondary waste is reduced. The warehouse is preferably an automatic warehouse, but is not limited thereto.
[0014]
In this invention, the kneaded material is put into a mold, and the mold is inverted and placed on a pallet. Since the kneaded material is poor in fluidity, it is difficult to obtain a desired shape even if it is simply pressed from above with a mold. Therefore, when the mold is put into the mold and the mold is inverted, the kneaded material falls while flowing apart and is placed on the pallet substantially along the mold. For this reason, the kneaded material can be placed on the pallet almost uniformly in a shape along the formwork.
[0015]
In the invention of claim 2 , the pallet and the mold are integrally reversed from the state where the mold is covered with the pallet to the state where the mold is placed on the pallet. For this reason, it is not necessary to provide a movable bottom plate or the like on the mold so that the kneaded material does not fall during reversal.
[0016]
【Example】
1 to 6 show an outline of a system for treating organic waste such as garbage. In these figures, 2 is an organic waste treatment system, 4 is a pit, and organic waste such as garbage is used in garbage trucks, food factories, fish processing plants, agricultural processing plants, and sewage treatment plants. From sludge tanks, paper mills, and other pipes. In the case of raw garbage, for example, it is packed in an easily decomposable plastic bag or the like and put into a pit, and food processing waste, fishery processing waste or the like is put as it is, for example, naked, and conveyed to the crusher 6 by the conveyor 5. In the crusher 6, the organic waste (eg, garbage such as vegetables) introduced from the upper part is sandwiched between crushing means such as a pair of rollers or a pair of gears and dropped, and dropped, and the dropped organic waste Is received in an appropriate case, and conveyed to the next kneading and serving machines 10 and 11 by the conveyors 12 and 13. In addition, since a considerable bad odor is generated when organic waste is crushed, it is preferable to deodorize the air in the crusher 6 by sending it to a deodorizing means such as the soil deodorizing unit 7.
[0017]
The kneading and placing machines 10 and 11 knead the crushed organic waste with the processing base material, and then, for example, place it on a wooden pallet with a substantially uniform thickness. The pallet to be used may be made of resin, iron, or the like that does not easily rot. Reference numerals 12 to 18 denote conveyors. The conveyors 12 and 13 convey cases containing organic waste from the crushing machine 6 to the kneading and setting machines 10 and 11, and the conveyors 14 and 15 are processed from the case automatic warehouse 42 to the processing mother. The case containing the material is conveyed to the kneading and setting machines 10 and 11. The conveyors 16 and 17 convey a pallet loaded with a kneaded product of the processing base material and organic waste such as raw garbage to the pallet automatic warehouse 24 via the shakers 20 and 21. The conveyor 18 conveys the case in the automatic case warehouse 42 to the work area 19, and the work area 19 performs operations such as replenishing sawdust to the case containing the processing base material.
[0018]
The kneading and sorting machines 10 and 11 mix organic waste such as raw garbage and the processing base material at a predetermined ratio, and the kneaded material is placed on the pallet to a substantially constant thickness, for example. The processing base material is sprinkled almost uniformly on almost the entire surface of the kneaded material so as to cover the upper surface of the kneaded material with the shakers 20 and 21. The pallet on which the processing base material is sprinkled by the shakers 20 and 21 is conveyed to the stations 31 and 32 in the automatic warehouse by the conveyors 16 and 17.
[0019]
In the automatic pallet warehouse 24, a pallet transport stacker crane 26 is caused to travel along a travel path 25 provided in the center in the longitudinal direction, and a pair of racks 28 and 29 are provided on both sides of the travel path 25, for example. A pallet on which the kneaded material is placed is placed on the shelves of the racks 28 and 29, and the kneaded material is aged on the pallet while controlling the temperature and humidity in the automatic warehouse 24 as necessary. Stations 31 and 32 for transferring the pallets to the stacker crane 26 are arranged at the tips of the conveyors 16 and 17 for conveying the pallets from the shakers 20 and 21 to the automatic warehouse 24. There is another station 33 in the automatic warehouse 24. The station 33 is provided with a conveyor, receives a pallet on which the aged kneaded material is placed from the stacker crane 26, and carries the pallet to the sieve / subdivider 40. The station 34 is a station for carrying out the compost aged in the automatic warehouse 24 from the hopper 35, and includes a conveyor.
[0020]
Reference numerals 36 and 37 denote air conditioners which air-condition the interior of the automatic warehouse 24 using the travel path 25 of the stacker crane 26 as an air passage. For example, the air conditioner 36, 37 blows outside air to ventilate the interior of the automatic warehouse 24, dehumidifies the air in the automatic warehouse 24, or adjusts the temperature of the air in the automatic warehouse 24. is there. In order to ripen the kneaded material on the pallet in the automatic warehouse 24, it is important to control the temperature and humidity. The temperature and humidity are maintained at conditions where microorganisms in the processing base material are easy to act, and the kneaded material on the pallet is kept. Aged uniformly and in a short time. Note that ventilation may be performed by opening and closing a window without using an air conditioner, and the frequency may be changed according to temperature and humidity.
[0021]
The sieve / subdivider 40 receives a pallet on which the aged kneaded material is placed from the pallet automatic warehouse 24, separates the kneaded material from the pallet and puts it on a sieve, and separates foreign matters such as metal and plastic. The kneaded material from which the foreign matter has been separated is subdivided by a predetermined amount into other uses such as kneading, sprinkling, compost production and disposal of the next organic waste with a measuring instrument. The predetermined amount here is a predetermined amount for each application, and the predetermined amount changes as the application changes. The subdivided kneaded material is stored in an appropriate case and stored in the case automatic warehouse 42. 44 is a stacker crane of the case automatic warehouse 42, 45 and 46 are, for example, a pair of racks, and 48 is a station for connecting the sieve / sorter 40 and the case automatic warehouse 42, and has a conveyor for carrying the case. Yes.
[0022]
In addition to this, the organic waste processing system 2 is provided with a parking lot, an office, a material storage, a flat storage 50 for flatly placing produced compost, and the like. In the organic waste treatment system 2 shown in FIG. 1, the layout itself is arbitrary, but the layout of FIG. 1 is suitable for a relatively small-scale organic waste treatment system provided with one pallet automatic warehouse 24, for example. ing.
[0023]
FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the kneading and serving machine 11. In the following, for convenience of explanation, it is assumed that garbage is treated, but the same applies to other organic waste. A garbage case 52 containing garbage 53 and the like is sent from the crusher by the conveyor 13. A processing base material case 54 containing the processing base material 55 is sent from the automatic case warehouse by the conveyor 15. The internal garbage 53 is dropped by chucking the case 52 with the input unit 60 and reversing the garbage case 52 by 180 °. In the crushing / feeding unit 62, the processing base material 55 is similarly dropped by chucking the processing base material case 54 and turning it 180 °. The crushing / input unit 62 is also used for crushing rice husks and the like, and therefore includes crushing rollers and gears. In other respects, the crushing and charging unit 62 is configured in the same manner as the charging unit 60.
[0024]
Reference numeral 56 denotes a pallet made of wood, iron, plastic, or the like, and preferably has a breathability improved by making the bottom part a cocoon shape or providing a mesh on the bottom part. A kneaded material 57 is placed on the pallet 56 so as to have a substantially uniform thickness so that the aging proceeds uniformly at the same speed.
[0025]
The garbage 53 and the processing base material 55 are put into a kneading unit 64, and the kneading unit 64 is provided with, for example, three screw conveyors 65 and the like. At the time of kneading, the garbage conveyor and the processing base material are transported to the right side of FIG. 2 by the screw conveyor 65, and the transported raw garbage and the processing base material are transported to the collapsing surface 66 and broken, and are kneaded during this time. At the time of serving, the screw conveyor 65 is rotated in the reverse direction to convey the kneaded material to the left side of FIG. The conveyed kneaded material falls from the hole 70 provided in the left bottom of the kneading part 64 in FIG. 2, and the pallet 56 is conveyed by the conveyor 17 from right to left in FIG. Then, the kneaded material can be placed on the pallet 56 in a uniform thickness. Here, the arrangement direction of the holes 70 is the short side direction of the pallet 56, and the conveyance direction of the conveyor 17 is the long side direction of the pallet 56, but these may be reversed, and the arrangement direction of the holes 70 and the conveyance direction of the conveyor 17 are different. What is necessary is just to be substantially orthogonal. In FIG. 2, the plurality of holes 70 are arranged along a straight line, but may be arranged along a curve such as an arc.
[0026]
No. 68 is a nozzle, and microorganisms in the processing base material change as the garbage is repeatedly decomposed. Therefore, an aqueous solution of the same type of microorganism as that used in the processing base material is replenished at the time of kneading. It is used to prevent Moreover, it is preferable that the kneaded material 57 put on the pallet 56 has a substantially constant water content, and water may be replenished from the nozzle 68 during a dry period such as winter. The moisture content can be controlled roughly. For example, the moisture content of raw garbage is about 95% in summer and about 70% in winter, preferably about 60 to 65% after kneading and sprinkling. Further, the moisture content after aging is, for example, about 54%. Therefore, it is sufficient to replenish water at the operator's discretion without using a moisture meter. Conversely, if the water content is too high, treatment such as dehydration or drying may be performed.
[0027]
In the embodiment, two kneading and setting machines 10 and 11 are provided, and these configurations are basically the same. When composting is also produced in the kneading and serving machine 10, both the kneading and serving machines 10 and 11 are provided with a crushing and charging unit 62. In the case where compost production is not performed in the kneading and serving machine 10, the kneading and serving machine 10 may be provided with a pair of input portions 60 having no grinding function. In addition, the mechanism for performing kneading | mixing and serving with the same apparatus is not restricted to the screw conveyor 65 of FIG. For example, a screw or blade is installed in the mixer and rotated to knead, and an openable / closable hole is provided at the bottom of the mixer. When kneading, the hole is closed and the kneaded material is confined, and when serving is kneaded, the hole is opened. Should be placed out of the hole.
[0028]
FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the shaker 20, and the other shakers 21 have the same configuration. The conveyor 16 conveys the pallet 56 from the kneading and setting machine 10 to the automatic pallet warehouse 24, 72 is a hopper for feeding the processing base material, and a swinging conveyor 73 for swinging motion is provided at the outlet. The processing base material provided from the hopper 72 is conveyed to the right side of FIG. 3 by the conveyor 73 and is sprinkled almost uniformly on the kneaded material 57 from the dropping hole 74 at the tip. Since the conveyor 73 swings, the processing base material is sprinkled so as to cover the entire surface of the kneaded material 57 with a substantially uniform thickness, and the thickness to be sprinkled is equal to the thickness of the kneaded material 57 (for example, about 40 cm thick). For example, about 1/10. Then, while the pallet 56 is conveyed to the left side of FIG. 3 by the conveyor 16, the processing base material is sprinkled almost uniformly on the kneaded material 57.
[0029]
FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the sieving / dividing machine 40. The pallet 56 on which the aged kneaded material 57 is placed is conveyed from the station 33 by the conveyor from the station 33. The pallet 56 is chucked in the reversing and charging machine 80 and reversed by, for example, 180 °, whereby the kneaded material 57 falls into the hopper 82. A sieve 84 such as a vibrating sieve is provided on the outlet side of the hopper 82, and a metal piece or a plastic piece that cannot pass through the mesh of the sieve is removed and discharged from the duct 89 to the foreign material container 90. The kneaded material that has passed through the sieve 84 enters the measuring device 88 from the hopper 86 and is divided into units for next kneading, next shaking, compost production, and the like. The case is stored in the automatic case warehouse 42 by a conveyor. Note that the amount of processing base material is different for kneading, shaking, and compost production, and the amount corresponding to each application is measured and subdivided by a measuring device 88.
[0030]
FIG. 5 shows an organic waste treatment process in the embodiment. Organic waste such as raw garbage thrown in from the pit is crushed by a crusher, and the generated bad odor is treated by a soil deodorizing section or the like. The crushed organic waste is transported to a kneading and setting machine, and the processing base material weighed in an amount for kneading is transported through a conveyor from the case automatic warehouse and kneaded with the crushed organic waste. At this time, in order to compensate for the alteration of microorganisms, an active solution comprising a microorganism solution is added as necessary, and water is replenished in the dry season.
[0031]
In the kneading / slicing machine, kneading is first performed by reversing the rotation direction of the screw conveyor using a single kneading device, and then the pallet is scaled. When the pallet is transported by a conveyor and then placed by a kneading and placing machine, it can be automatically placed to a substantially uniform thickness. The pallet loaded with the kneaded material passes through the lower part of the shaker by a conveyor, and the processing base material is sprinkled almost uniformly on the surface. The processing base material used for the shake is also stored in the case automatic warehouse for each case, and is conveyed to the shaker by a conveyor and sprinkled.
[0032]
The pallet sprinkled with the processing base material is received by a conveyor into a pallet automatic warehouse, and is automatically placed and stored on a predetermined shelf in the rack. As a specific example, the amount of organic waste per pallet is about 150 kg, and the moisture content is about 70% in winter and about 95% in summer. The processing base material added by the kneader is mainly an aged kneaded material, and its volume is, for example, about 1000 liters. When the processing base material is insufficient, the amount may be increased with sawdust, rice straw, wheat straw, rice husk, bark (wood skin) or the like. The mixing ratio of the organic waste and the treated base material is preferably about 3 to 20 liters of the treated base material per 1 kg of the organic waste. The water content of the kneaded product is about 60 to 65%, and water is replenished in winter so that the water content becomes this level. The thickness of the kneaded material on the pallet is 40 cm, for example, in order to ensure air permeability and perform uniform fermentation without reversing, the thickness is preferably about 10 cm to 80 cm, particularly preferably 20 to 60 cm. To the extent.
[0033]
The sawdust in the treated base material enhances the air permeability of the kneaded product, retains microorganisms, etc., and absorbs the generated bad odor or rot. The kneaded mixture of the treated base material and the organic waste is digested with nutrients by microorganisms to make it odorless and harmless. In fact, it hardly smells after being sprinkled with the treated base material.
[0034]
Further, in the shaker, for example, a processing base material of about 100 liters is sprinkled on the surface of the kneaded product. The treated base material here is an aged kneaded material itself, but when the amount is insufficient, sawdust or the like may be added, and when the microorganisms are aged or deteriorated, an aqueous solution of microorganisms may be added. In the automatic pallet warehouse, ventilation, dehumidification, and temperature adjustment are performed by the air conditioners 36 and 37, and the temperature in the automatic warehouse is slightly higher than the outside temperature due to fermentation heat when the kneaded material is digested by microorganisms. By controlling the ventilation amount, the air-conditioning is air-conditioned to a substantially constant temperature, and an increase in humidity due to evaporation from the kneaded material is prevented.
[0035]
In the automatic pallet warehouse, the kneaded product is aged for about two weeks, organic waste such as garbage is digested by microorganisms in the treated base material, and because of aerobic fermentation, the amount of bad odor generated is small. During the first week during this period, the kneaded mixture is heated to about 70 ° C., the high-temperature bacteria are activated, proteins, saccharides, cellulose, etc. are decomposed, and in the next week the temperature drops to near room temperature and lignin, etc. Slowly decomposed components are decomposed. This fermentation is an aerobic fermentation on a pallet, and the generation of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and the like is slight due to increased aeration by sawdust and the like. Further, a bad odor such as ammonia generated in a minute amount is adsorbed and decomposed by the processing base material sprinkled on the surface of the kneaded product. Further, by sprinkling the treated base material, aging from the upper surface of the kneaded material is promoted, and the aging of the kneaded material is accelerated as a whole. Further, if the main part of the pallet is made of wood, or the bottom part of the pallet is made into a cocoon shape, or a mesh is provided on the bottom part, the kneaded product can obtain ventilation from above and below. Furthermore, since it arrange | positions on a pallet, unlike the case where it arrange | positions to a bucket etc., the air permeability from a side surface direction can also be acquired. Then, air is supplied to the kneaded product by aeration from the upper and lower gaps between the pallets and the travel path of the stacker crane. For these reasons, aging of a large amount of garbage can be completed uniformly and in a short time.
[0036]
The kneaded material hardly smells after the treated base material is sprinkled. The aged kneaded product is about 1100 liters per pallet, the volume hardly changes, the water content is about 54%, and is slightly dryer than the water content 60 to 65% at the time of kneading. Pathogens and plant seeds are killed when heated to about 70 ° C. at the beginning of fermentation and are harmless. The aged kneaded product is odorless and harmless, and there is almost no decomposable organic matter. The aged kneaded product is sieved by a sieve / divider to remove foreign matter. Subsequently, the kneaded material that has passed through the sieve is weighed by a measuring device, weighed by a predetermined amount for the next kneading and shaking, and stored in a case automatic warehouse. This predetermined amount is, for example, 1000 liters for the next kneading, 100 liters for sprinkling, and if digestion has progressed too much and the total amount does not reach 1100 liters, replenish sawdust etc. to make the total amount 1100 liters .
[0037]
When extracting an aged kneaded product for other uses such as compost production, add almost the same amount of fibers such as sawdust to the total amount of kneading and sprinkling for 1100 liters. . And the ratio of the circulation utilization in the organic waste processing system for kneading or sprinkling is, for example, 50% or more, preferably 70% or more, and particularly preferably 70 to 90%. When there is no other use such as compost production, 100% is recycled for kneading or sprinkling. The treated base material weighed for kneading is supplemented with fibers such as sawdust as needed before kneading and re-stocked in a case automatic warehouse. Then, the case is carried out by a conveyor to a kneading and serving machine, kneaded with raw garbage, and used for the next processing of raw garbage.
[0038]
When the compost production process is shown in FIG. 6, since the demand for compost (compost) varies significantly depending on the season, the production amount of compost also varies seasonally. Therefore, until compost production is required, the excess of the aged kneaded material is subdivided for compost and stored in a case automatic warehouse. When compost production is not carried out for a relatively long period, the aged kneaded material is recycled in its entirety. For compost production, rice husk etc. is added and kneaded and pulverized at the crushing and charging part of the serving machine, and nutrients such as chicken manure, cooking oil and rice bran are added appropriately to knead the treated base material and rice husk etc. , Place on a pallet.
[0039]
When the rice husks are crushed, considerable dust is generated, and the crushed rice husks are easy to fly and have poor storage properties. Moreover, since it is a small-scale organic waste treatment system 2, the same apparatus is used for kneading and serving for both garbage and composting. The processed base material kneaded with rice husk and added with nutrients is stored in an automatic warehouse using the same pallet, aged for about one week, the aged compost is discharged from the hopper, stored in a flat place, etc., and shipped. .
[0040]
In the embodiment, the input organic waste is made odorless and harmless in the organic waste treatment system 2, and the amount of foreign matter such as metal or plastic is reduced to waste. In addition to this, compost is produced, but this can be used effectively rather than waste. As described above, in the embodiment, organic waste can be treated almost in a closed manner, the generation of bad odor is small, and aging can be performed while efficiently controlling in a three-dimensional automatic warehouse. Can be processed uniformly in a short time.
[0041]
Although the examples have been explained mainly on the treatment of garbage, marine waste, food processing waste, livestock waste, forestry waste, manure, organic sludge such as activated sludge and sludge, beverage waste and fallen leaves, pruning The same applies to waste, sawmill waste, paper mill waste, and the like. In the embodiment, since aerobic fermentation is used, the generation of malodor is small, and the processing base material is sprinkled so that the fly and insects do not come close, and the organic waste can be decomposed in a short time in about two weeks. In addition, the burden on the environment such as the generation of CO2 and the generation of dioxins is small, the equipment cost is small, and treatment such as incineration, denitration, desulfurization, and dust removal is unnecessary, so the operation cost is low. The aged kneaded product can be reused in the treatment system, and the secondary waste is little, and the secondary waste is harmless and odorless and can be used for composting.
[0042]
[First modification]
In the example, the kneaded material was dropped from the holes arranged in a straight line, and the pallet was moved in the direction substantially perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the holes and then placed. The kneaded material is a material obtained by kneading organic waste on a compost-like treated base material, has poor fluidity, and the treated base material and waste lump are intertwined in a complex manner, and it is difficult to dispose them uniformly. Therefore, a modified example in which the processing base material is arranged more uniformly is shown below. 7 and 8, the conveyor 102 is disposed below the kneading section 64 so that the mold 100 is conveyed to the left side of FIG. 7. The mold 100 is made of metal, 101 is an edge thereof, the cross section is trapezoidal in both the longitudinal direction and the short side direction, and the bottom surface is, for example, a simple plane. And the shape of the recessed part inside the formwork 100 is made into the shape which wants to arrange the kneaded material 57 on the pallet 56. FIG. 104 is a conveyor such as a chain conveyor, and conveys the pallet 56 from the bottom to the top of FIG. 7, and 108 is a lifter that lifts the formwork 100 conveyed by the conveyor 102 such as a chain conveyor or a roller conveyor. The pallet 56 is placed on the edge 101.
[0043]
Reference numeral 110 denotes a reversing machine, which includes, for example, a pair of arms 112 that can be rotated 180 °, and the arms 112 are provided with a retractable chuck 114. The chuck 114 holds, for example, the side surface of the mold 100 by an electromagnet, vacuum suction, friction force, or the like. Reference numeral 116 denotes an upper chuck, which is provided with a retracting member 118. When the retracting member 118 is in the protruding state as shown on the left side of FIG. 8, the side surface of the mold 100 is chucked by the chuck 114, and the pallet 56 is fixed by the retracting member 118. Since it is supported, the pallet 56 and the formwork 100 are held together by the arm 112 and can be rotated 180 °.
[0044]
The operation in the first modification will be described. The mold 100 is initially at the bottom of the kneading section 64, and the kneaded material 57 is charged from the hole 70 and filled into the mold 100 while the mold 100 is moved to the left side of FIG. 7 by the conveyor 102. After that, the mold 100 is carried on the lifter 108 by the conveyor 102 and stopped. Next, the arm 112 is rotated, for example, 90 ° counterclockwise in FIG. 8 from the neutral position with the tip facing upward, and the mold 100 is rotated to a position where it can be chucked. Next, the pallet 56 is conveyed so as to pass over the arm 112 by the conveyor 104, and the mold 100 is raised by the lifter 108. The chuck 114 that can be moved in and out is advanced toward the side surface of the mold 100 to turn on the electromagnet, vacuum-suck, or increase the frictional force by bringing the tip of the chuck 114 into contact with the side surface of the mold 100. Thus, the mold frame 100 is held by the chuck 114. At the same time, the retracting member 118 is advanced from the upper chuck 116 to grip the pallet 56. In this way, the mold 112 and the pallet 56 are held by the arm 112 and are rotated on, for example, 180 ° and placed on the conveyor 106.
[0045]
Next, the projecting member 118 is switched to the retracted position, and only the mold 100 is chucked by the chuck 114, and the mold 100 is placed on the lifter 108. Thereafter, the chuck 114 is retracted, and the arm 112 is rotated 90 ° clockwise in FIG. 8, for example, to return to the neutral position, the lifter 108 is lowered, and the mold 100 is moved to the lower part of the kneading section 64 by the conveyor 102. Transport. The conveyor 104 is constituted by a chain conveyor or the like, and the arm 112, the mold 100, or the like is allowed to pass through a gap between the chains of the chain conveyor.
[0046]
In this way, the kneaded material in the mold flows violently in the process of rotating the mold 100 by 180 °, loosening the lump between the kneaded materials, and the mold frame has a substantially uniform density. It can be uniformly arranged in a shape corresponding to the internal shape of 100. Here, in order to move the arm 112 without colliding with the edge 101 of the formwork 100, the retractable chuck 114 is used. However, the arm 112 is further rotated counterclockwise from the solid line state in FIG. Thus, it may be retracted by passing through the gap of the conveyor 102 constituted by rollers or the like. In this way, the arm 112 is moved to a position lower than the conveying surface of the conveyor 102, and the arm 112 moves from the retracted position to the chuck position of the mold 100, the placement position on the conveyor 106, and the position to the conveyor 102. The operation is performed in the order of the placement position and the retracted position.
[0047]
[Second modification]
9 to 11 show a second modification. In these drawings, 120 is a molding member, 122 is an upper part thereof, 124 is a side face part thereof, 125 is a collar part, and 126 is both end parts. Both end portions 126 of the molding member 120 are supported by a cylinder 128 such as an air cylinder so as to be movable up and down. The pallet 56 passes through the lower portion of the molding member 120 by the conveyor 17, and the molding member 120 is disposed, for example, between the kneading unit and the shaker of FIG. When the pallet 56 is conveyed from the right side of FIGS. 9 and 10 by the conveyor 17, the molding member 120 is moved up and down in synchronization with this, and the kneaded material 57 is molded during this time, and the left side of FIGS. So as to have a uniform thickness. 9 and 10, the right end of the kneaded material 57 may not be sufficiently molded by the molding member 120. In such a case, the conveyor 17 is reversed, and the pallet 56 that has passed through the molding member 120 to the left in FIGS. 9 and 10 is conveyed from the left to the right in the figure with respect to the molding member 120. Then, the rear end of the kneaded material 57 can also be molded.
[0048]
If it does in this way, the kneaded material 57 can be uniformly shape | molded in a desired shape with a very simple mechanism. Further, in the molding process, if the molding member 120 is vibrated in the vertical direction by the cylinder 128 and molded while striking the upper surface of the kneaded material 57 with its dropping force or the like, the surface of the kneaded material is properly hardened and vibration is also generated. During the addition, the fluidity can be increased to eliminate uneven filling of the kneaded product.
[0049]
[Third Modification]
FIG. 12 shows a third modification. 130 and 130 are a pair of molding members, which are divided into members smaller than the assembling range of the kneaded material. The length of the molding member 130 in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 12 may be about the same as the length of the kneaded material 57 or the length of the molding member 130 perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. The kneaded material may be molded part by part with a length shorter than 57. Reference numeral 132 denotes a cylinder such as an air cylinder, which moves the molding member 130 forward and backward, and 134 is a vibration source for vibrating the molding member 130. The type of vibration may be low frequency vibration of about 1 Hz to 100 Hz or ultrasonic vibration.
[0050]
The pallet 56 on which the kneaded material is arranged in the kneading unit 64 is conveyed by the conveyor 17. The molding member 130 is disposed between the shaker of FIG. 3 and the kneading and setting machine of FIG. 2, and the cylinder 132 presses the molding member 130 against the kneaded material 57 to obtain a desired shape. A vibration is applied from 134 to improve the fluidity of the kneaded material 57 and eliminate uneven filling. Then, while conveying the pallet 56 by the conveyor 17, the kneaded material 57 is partially molded by the molding member 130, and it is repeated as if the both sides of the pile of the kneaded material 57 are partially pressed with a stamp. To do. Alternatively, the prepared kneaded material may be collectively molded using a pair of molded members having a length corresponding to the length of the kneaded material 57. Here, the vibration source 134 is for increasing the fluidity of the kneaded material to improve the moldability and imparting appropriate hardness to the surface of the kneaded material, and the vibration source 134 may be omitted.
[0051]
[Effects of the embodiment]
In the embodiment and the modification, the kneaded material 57 of the pallet 56 can be uniformly arranged. Digestion of organic waste by microorganisms is aerobic fermentation, so it is important to ensure adequate air permeability, and in order to proceed with fermentation, heat escape from kneaded material 57 is limited and the temperature is raised to the required temperature. It is necessary to make it easier. For this reason, the thickness when the kneaded material 57 is placed is important. In the embodiment, the pallet is moved in a direction perpendicular to the pallet while dropping the kneaded material from the hole provided along the straight line (FIG. 2), or the kneaded material put into the mold is inverted 180 ° together with the pallet. The kneaded material on the pallet can be evenly arranged by, for example, molding (FIGS. 7 and 8) or molding using an appropriate molding member.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a layout of an organic waste treatment system according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a kneading and serving machine used in the embodiment. FIG. 3 shows a shaker used in the embodiment. Plan view [Fig. 4] Side view showing the sieve / sorting machine used in the embodiment [Fig. 5] Process diagram showing the cycle of circulatory annihilation of garbage in the embodiment [Fig. 6] Compost manufacturing process in the embodiment FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a first modification example of the serving apparatus. FIG. 8 is a side view of the first modification example. FIG. 9 is a second modification example. FIG. 10 is a plan view of the second modification of the serving apparatus. FIG. 11 is a front view of the second modification of the serving apparatus. FIG. 12 is a front view of the third modification of the serving apparatus. Figure [Explanation of symbols]
2 Organic Waste Treatment System 4 Pit 5 Conveyor 6 Crusher 7 Soil Deodorizing Units 10, 11 Kneading and Serving Machines 12-18 Conveyor 19 Work Area 20, 21 Shaking Machine 22 Conveyor 24 Pallet Automatic Warehouse 25 Traveling Route 26 Stacker Crane 28, 29 Racks 31-34 Station 35 Hopper 36, 37 Air-conditioning equipment 40 Sieve / Sorting machine 42 Case automatic warehouse 44 Stacker crane 45, 46 Rack 48 Station 50 Flat place 52 Garbage case 53 Garbage 54 Processing base material case 55 Processing Base material 56 Pallet 57 Kneaded material 60 Input part 62 Crushing / input part 64 Kneading part 65 Screw conveyor 66 Collapsing surface 68 Nozzle 70 Hole 72 Hopper 73 Swing conveyor 74 Dropping hole 80 Reverse input machine 82 Hopper 84 Sieve 86 Hopper 88 Meter 89 Duct 90 Foreign object container 1 00 Formwork 101 Edges 102 to 106 Conveyor 108 Lifter 110 Inverter 112 Arm 114 Chuck 116 Upper chuck 118 Projection member 120 Molding member 122 Upper part 124 Side face 125 Brim 126 Both ends 128 Cylinder 130 Molding member 132 Cylinder 134 Vibration source

Claims (2)

A kneading means for kneading the treatment base material containing microorganisms with organic waste and a warehouse for storing and aging the kneaded product for a predetermined period of time are provided, and the aged kneaded product is used as the next organic waste. An organic waste treatment system for supplying to the kneading means as a processing base material for kneading,
A mold for feeding the kneaded material from the kneading means, and a reversing means for inverting the mold and placing the kneaded material on a pallet in a shape corresponding to the mold, Organic waste treatment system. In the reversing unit, from a state in which loaded pallets onto the mold, to a state in which the mold is resting on a pallet, characterized in that the the pallet and mold so as to invert integrally claim 1 Organic waste treatment system.

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