JP4334553B2 - Cavity closing method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an underground cavity closing method .

  In the underground, for example, underground drainage channels such as discarded drainage tunnels and headrace tunnels, abandoned mines of coal and metal resources mining pits, natural caves such as air defenses and limestone erosion caves made during the war, etc. There are various underground cavities.

  Since these underground cavities can cause ground collapse if left untreated, measures are often taken to close them by filling with fillers, but because many of the underground cavities are filled with water, There is a need for a more efficient method of filling the filler.

Therefore, for example, in Patent Document 1, a first filler having a specific gravity close to water is filled in an underground cavity with water at a predetermined interval to form a partition made of the first filler at a predetermined interval. In the meantime, an underground cavity closing method is disclosed in which a second filler having a higher specific gravity than the first filler is filled to close the underground cavity .

Japanese Patent No. 3682554

  However, in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, the fluidity of the first filler constituting the partition wall is to be controlled only by specific gravity, it is difficult to adjust the fluidity, and the behavior in water is difficult to predict. Loss is unknown.

The present invention has been made in view of the present situation as described above, and provides a method for closing an underground cavity that is capable of appropriately setting and adjusting the fluidity of the filler and that can use the filler efficiently and that is excellent in practicality. Is.

  The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

After filling the underground cavity 1 with water with the first filler 2 at a predetermined interval and forming partition walls with the first filler 2 , the second filler 3 is filled between the partition walls to form the underground cavity 1. a subterranean cavity occlusion method for closing the hole 4 and a plurality bored at predetermined intervals toward the ground to the underground cavity 1, followed by construction with soil cement comprising a curing agent and water containing at least sand and cement introduced into the underground cavity 1 through the hole 4 while controlling the flow of the water of the first filling material 2 the first filling material 2 by the incorporation of quick-setting material to the first filling material 2 to be The partition walls are formed at predetermined intervals, and then the second filler 3 composed of a soil cement composed of at least a hardener containing earth and sand and cement and water is mixed into the second filler 3 with a delay material. By controlling the fluidity of the second filler 3 in water It introduce | transduces into the said underground cavity 1 through the said hole 4 located between the said partition walls, this 2nd filler 3 is introduce | transduced from the hole 4 of the said one partition wall side, and the water in the said underground cavity 1 is left to the said other hole 4, and the holes 4 for introducing the second filler 3 are sequentially changed to holes 4 on the other partition wall side, thereby discharging the water in the underground cavity 1 and the first filler 2 and the second filler 4. The present invention relates to an underground cavity closing method characterized by filling the underground cavity 1 with two fillers 3 and closing the underground cavity 1 .

Furthermore, in an underground cavity blockage method according to claim 1, wherein the quick-setting admixture, are those of the underground cavity occlusion method characterized in that those of calcium aluminate is employed.

Moreover, in the underground cavity closing method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, by mixing a weight adjusting material into the first filler 2, the fluidity of the first filler 2 in water can be increased. The present invention relates to a method for closing an underground cavity characterized by controlling.

The underground cavity closing method according to claim 3, wherein foamed polystyrene or crushed slag is adopted as the weight adjusting material .

In addition, in the underground cavity closing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , by mixing organic fibers or inorganic fibers into the first filler 2, the flow of the first filler 2 in water. The present invention relates to a method for closing an underground cavity characterized by controlling the property.

6. The underground cavity closing method according to claim 5, wherein pulp fibers, aramid fibers, vinylon fibers, or polypropylene fibers are employed as the organic fibers .

6. The underground cavity closing method according to claim 5, wherein steel fiber or glass fiber is employed as the inorganic fiber.

In addition, in the underground cavity closing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , the first filler 2 is filled in the underground cavity 1 in a state of being housed in a cylindrical bag-like body made of a flexible material. The present invention relates to a method for closing an underground cavity .

Moreover, in the underground cavity closing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the second filler 3 is mixed with a fluidizing agent and a retarder in the second filler 3 in water. The present invention relates to a method for closing an underground cavity characterized by controlling fluidity .

Furthermore, in an underground cavity blockage method according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the soil is intended according to the underground cavity occlusion method, which is a construction waste soil.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the fluidity of the filler can be set and adjusted as appropriate, and the underground cavity closing method is excellent in practicality and enables efficient use of the filler.

  An embodiment of the present invention which is considered to be suitable will be briefly described with reference to the drawings showing the operation of the present invention.

  A first filler 2 is filled into the underground cavity 1 at a predetermined interval, and a partition wall made of the first filler 2 is formed at a predetermined interval.

  At this time, for example, the fluidity of the first filler 2 in which various amounts of quick-setting agents are mixed in advance is measured and recorded, and based on this record, depending on the state of the underground cavity 1 and the type of earth and sand used. Since the fluidity can be set and adjusted by setting the type and amount of the quick setting agent, the behavior of the first filler 2 in water can be predicted, and the first filler 2 can be used without waste. It is possible to form the partition wall by using it efficiently.

Further, the water in the underground cavity 1 can be efficiently discharged while filling the second filler 3 between the partition walls, and the underground cavity 1 can be closed well.

  Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In this embodiment, the first filler 2 is filled in the underground cavity 1 with water at a predetermined interval, and the partition walls are formed at the predetermined interval by the first filler 2. In the case of closing the underground cavity 1 by the underground cavity filling method of filling the soil, a soil cement composed of a hardener containing at least earth and sand and cement and water is adopted as the first filler 2. By mixing a quick setting agent into the filler 2, the fluidity of the first filler 2 in water is controlled.

  As the 1st filler 2 and the 2nd filler 3, the same soil cement which consists of earth and sand, cement, and water is employ | adopted. Therefore, the partition wall and the second filler 3 are easily compatible, and further, the procurement of the material is easy and the cost is reduced accordingly.

  As the earth and sand, it is preferable to use construction-generated earth from the viewpoint of environment and cost. The earth and sand include silt and clay (particle size less than 75 μm) as fine particles, and sand (particle size 75 μm or more and less than 2 mm) and gravel (particle size 2 mm or more) as coarse particles. If the content is small, material separation may occur in water. In that case, a thickener such as bentonite or cellulose is added to control the water separation property. Moreover, the soil cement as used in a present Example is the concept containing fluidized soil.

  In this embodiment, the soil cement is used as a basic material, and the fluidity of the soil cement in water is controlled by appropriately using one or more of the following a to f.

a Correlation between in-air flow and underwater flow Filling a cylindrical cylinder with a diameter of 8cm and height 8cm on a smooth board, filling the filler, lifting the cylinder, and the flow value based on the expanded filler diameter ((JHS A 313) ) Measure for each material (formulation) what kind of correlation each has in the air and in water, and based on the data measured in advance according to the situation at the site, An appropriate material (formulation) can be used in anticipation. For example, the air flow and underwater flow of each sample with varying amounts of cement and retarder / fluidizing agent were measured, and the correlation between the air flow and the underwater flow (obtained using the least squares method) Keep track of straight lines).

  As a result, the underwater flow can be predicted from the air flow, the rough behavior of the underground cavity 1 that is difficult to visually observe can be estimated, and the necessary amount of material and the like can be predicted to some extent.

  Moreover, in the 1st filler 2, the angle of repose (average stable gradient) is also measured, and the material (formulation) in which the angle of repose is preferably 30 ° to 60 ° is used.

b. Quick setting agent and setting agent The setting agent is mixed in order to solidify in a shorter time while ensuring the fluidity of the filler, and the setting agent delays the setting action of the setting agent. It is to be mixed for this purpose. The solidification time is controlled by the amount and type of the rapid setting agent and the setting modifier. As for the quick setting agent and the setting adjuster, various data are collected in advance in the same manner as the above flow value, and are appropriately selected according to the situation at the site (the amount of water in the underground cavity 1 and the properties of the soil generated by construction). It is possible to set an appropriate mixing amount (hereinafter the same applies to c and d).

  As the quick setting agent, for example, sodium aluminate, sodium carbonate, calcium aluminate, sodium silicate (water glass) can be used. In particular, it is preferable to use a calcium aluminate system as a main material. In the present embodiment, a calcium aluminate-based rapid setting agent and an oxycarboxylic acid-based setting modifier are mixed in the first filler 2 so as to reduce the loss of material by reducing the fluidity. . Note that the fluidity may be controlled by mixing only the rapid setting agent into the first filler 2.

c Fluidizer and retarder The fluidizer increases the fluidity of the filler, and the retarder is mixed to maintain the fluidity for a long time. The fluidity and retention time of the filler are controlled by the amount and type of the fluidizing agent and retarder to be mixed.

  As the fluidizing agent and retarder, for example, those mainly composed of a polyol complex, an alkyl allyl sulfonate, a melamine sulfonate, a naphthalene sulfonate, a lignin sulfonic acid and a derivative thereof, or an oxycarboxylate are used. Can be used. In this example, the second filler 3 is mainly composed of a fluidizing agent composed of an oxycarboxylate and a highly condensed aromatic sulfonate so as to increase the fluidity and fill the depth of the underground cavity 1. A retarder as a component is mixed. Note that the fluidity may be controlled by mixing only the retarder into the second filler 3.

d Weight adjusting material The weight adjusting material is mixed into the filler (replaces the composition material). For example, when a lightweight material is mixed, the weight of the entire filler is reduced and the fluidity based on the weight is reduced. When the material is mixed, it is used to increase the fluidity based on the weight by increasing the weight of the entire filler (further increasing the adhesion to the inner wall of the underground cavity 1 and the resistance to external force).

  As a lightweight material, a polystyrene foam (spherical bead), a lightweight aggregate, etc. can be used. Further, as the heavy material, crushed slag or the like can be used.

e Fiber Fluidity can be suppressed by adding fiber to the filler and adding shear resistance.

  As the fiber, steel fiber, glass fiber, pulp fiber, or resin fiber (aramid fiber, vinylon fiber, polypropylene fiber, or the like) can be used. The mixing ratio is preferably 1.0 to 10% by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the filler (excluding the fiber material). If it is 1% or less, the desired effect cannot be expected, and if it is 10% or more, fiber aggregates (dama) are easily formed, and the efficiency of the kneading work is deteriorated. In addition, it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the material.

f Tubular bag-shaped body The tubular bag-shaped body is used only for the first filler 2 and suppresses the fluidity of the first filler 2 as a substitute for the mold. In addition, when formed of a high-strength material such as steel, the strength can be improved by wrapping the entire partition wall as an exoskeleton.

  The cylindrical bag-like body is a cylindrical bag (form frame) made of a flexible material that can be filled with the first filler 2, and a resin material or a steel material is meshed. A formed one or a rubber material formed in a balloon shape can be used.

  A specific method for closing the underground cavity 1 using the first filler 2 and the second filler 3 whose fluidity is controlled using the above-described method will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, when closing the underground cavity 1 in which the water 10 made up of a waste underground water channel that has been used as an underground water channel in the past, for example, is closed, first, a hole is formed substantially vertically from the ground toward the waste underground water channel. A plurality of holes 4 are formed, and a metal (or resin) tube 5 is inserted into the hole 4 in order to hold the hole wall if necessary. In the figure, reference numeral 6 denotes a material filling vehicle, and 7 denotes a material filling pipe and hose.

  The first filler 2 is filled through the holes 4 (tubes 5) at predetermined intervals where the partition walls are desired to be installed, and then the second filler 3 is filled between the partition walls. In addition, since the resistance to the external force from the second filler 3 is improved as the fluidity of the first filler 2 is smaller and the weight is larger, the partition walls can be formed at wider intervals, and less work is required. Although the underground cavity 1 can be closed in the process / working time, it is necessary to reduce the weight in order to reduce the fluidity, and both properties are in a contradictory relationship. In this regard, in this embodiment, by mixing the quick setting agent into the first filler 2, it becomes possible to suppress the fluidity even if the weight of the material is increased, and therefore the fluidity is small and the weight is small. A large first filler 2 can be obtained.

  Specifically, after filling the first filler 2 to form a partition at a predetermined position in the underground cavity 1, the second filler 3 is filled from the hole 4 on one partition side toward the other partition. Then, the holes 4 filled with the second filler 3 are sequentially moved. In the figure, reference numeral 3a denotes a second filler 3 and 3b filled in the first time, and reference numeral 3b denotes a second filler 3 filled in the second time (therefore, in FIG. Shows the third filling.)

  At this time, the water 10 accumulated in the underground cavity 1 is pushed out from the other holes 4 not filled with the second filler 3. That is, the hole 4 is a filling hole for filling the filler and is also a drainage hole for discharging the water in the underground cavity 1.

  In addition, when filling the second filler 3, depending on the fluidity of the second filler 3, it may be sequentially filled from the holes 4 on the partition wall side, or if the fluidity is large, Fill every other time. For example, the larger the fluidity and the smaller the weight of the second filler 3 are, the more the second filler 3 can be filled into the underground cavity 1 with fewer holes, and the underground cavity can be filled with fewer work steps and work time. 1 can be closed, but in order to increase fluidity, it is necessary to increase the weight, and both properties are in a contradictory relationship. In this respect, in this embodiment, by mixing the fluidizing agent and retarder into the second filler 3, the fluidity is large even if the weight of the material is small, and the fluidity can be maintained for a long time. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the second filler 3 having high fluidity and low weight.

  By repeating the above steps, all of the water in the underground cavity 1 is drained, and the entire interior of the underground cavity 1 is replaced with the second filler 3 to complete the construction.

  In the present embodiment, the method of filling the second filler 3 between the partition walls after forming the partition walls in the underground cavity 1 with the first filler 2 as described above has been described. A filler similar to the material 2 may be filled into the underground cavity 1 at short intervals as shown in FIG. 2 to form a large number of partition walls X, and the partition X may prevent the subsidence of the ground due to the underground cavity 1. . Furthermore, in this case, the movement of the groundwater (the movement of the water 10 in the underground cavity 1) can be stopped.

  Since the present embodiment is as described above, after filling the underground cavity 1 with the first filler 2 at a predetermined interval to form a partition made of the first filler 2 at a predetermined interval, When filling the filler 3, the specific gravity of the first filler 2 is equal to that of the second filler 3, and therefore, the frictional resistance between the partition wall and the inner wall of the underground cavity 1 is improved as compared with Patent Document 1, and the second Even in a state where the filler 3 is filled, the pressure from the second filler 3 can be stably received, and the stability is improved accordingly.

  In addition, when filling the first filler 2, for example, the fluidity of the first filler 2 in which various amounts of quick setting agents are mixed in advance is measured and recorded, and the fluidity of the first filler 2 is appropriately determined according to the state of the underground cavity 1. Since the fluidity can be set and adjusted, the behavior of the first filler 2 in water can be predicted, and the partition wall can be formed by using the first filler 2 efficiently without waste. .

  Furthermore, underwater flow and in-air flow, and the change in fluidity due to the weight adjusting material or fiber can be similarly measured and recorded in advance, and the fluidity can be set and adjusted as appropriate, allowing the first filler 2 to be very flexible. And the fluidity etc. of the 2nd filler 3 can be set, and it becomes possible to set and adjust to the optimal fluidity according to the situation of the field.

  Therefore, the present embodiment can improve the strength and stability of the partition wall, and is extremely practical in that the first filler forming the partition wall can be used efficiently.

It is a schematic explanatory sectional drawing of a present Example. It is general | schematic explanatory sectional drawing of another example.

Explanation of symbols

1 underground cavity 2 first filler 3 second filler 4 hole

Claims (10)

Filling the underground cavity with water with the first filler at a predetermined interval and forming a partition with the first filler, then filling the second filler between the partitions and closing the underground cavity A first filling material comprising a soil cement comprising a plurality of holes at predetermined intervals from the ground toward the underground cavity, and subsequently comprising a hardener containing at least earth and sand and cement and water. the form of the partition wall is introduced into the underground cavity through said hole while controlling the flow of the water that in the first filling material to incorporate quick-material to the first filler at predetermined intervals, followed by The fluidity of the second filler in water by mixing the second filler with the second filler composed of a soil cement composed of at least a hardener containing earth and sand and cement and water. While controlling the hole located between the partition walls The second filler is introduced from the hole on the one partition wall side, the water in the underground cavity is discharged from the remaining hole, and the second filler is introduced. By sequentially changing the hole to the hole on the other partition wall side, discharging the water in the underground cavity, filling the underground cavity with the first filler and the second filler, and closing the underground cavity A characteristic underground clogging method. In Cavern blockage method according to claim 1, wherein the quick-setting admixture, underground cavity occlusion method characterized in that those of calcium aluminate is employed. The underground cavity closing method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the fluidity of the first filler in water is controlled by mixing a weight adjusting material into the first filler. A characteristic underground clogging method. 4. The underground cavity closing method according to claim 3, wherein foamed polystyrene or crushed slag is adopted as the weight adjusting material. The underground cavity closing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the fluidity of the first filler in water is controlled by mixing organic fibers or inorganic fibers into the first filler. A method of closing an underground cavity characterized by the above . 6. The underground cavity closing method according to claim 5, wherein pulp fibers, aramid fibers, vinylon fibers or polypropylene fibers are employed as the organic fibers. 6. The underground cavity closing method according to claim 5, wherein steel fibers or glass fibers are employed as the inorganic fibers. The underground cavity closing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the first filler 2 is filled in the underground cavity in a state of being housed in a cylindrical bag-like body made of a flexible material. And the underground cavity closing method. The underground cavity closing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fluidity of the second filler in water is controlled by mixing the second filler with a fluidizing agent and a retarder. A method of closing an underground cavity, characterized by: In Cavern blockage method according to any one of claims 1-9, underground cavity occlusion wherein said soil is construction waste soil.

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