JP4351998B2 - 焼結の選択的阻害(sis)法を利用する金属部材の製造 - Google Patents
焼結の選択的阻害(sis)法を利用する金属部材の製造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4351998B2 JP4351998B2 JP2004523050A JP2004523050A JP4351998B2 JP 4351998 B2 JP4351998 B2 JP 4351998B2 JP 2004523050 A JP2004523050 A JP 2004523050A JP 2004523050 A JP2004523050 A JP 2004523050A JP 4351998 B2 JP4351998 B2 JP 4351998B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
- B30B15/302—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/53—Nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Description
本願は、2002年7月23日付けで出願され発明の名称が「Metallic Parts Fabrication Using Selective
Inhibition of Sintering (SIS)」である米国仮特許願第60/398,160号及び2000年10月26日付けで出願され発明の名称が「Selective
Inhibition of Bonding of Powder Particles for Layered Fabrication of 3-D
Objects」である米国特許願第09/698,541号の優先権を主張するものである。
試作部材などの三次元(3−D)の物体は、コンピュータ支援設計(CAD)のデータベースから直接製造することができる。このような物体を製造するのに、層付加法(layered
additive process)を含む各種の方法を利用することができる。金属部材を製造するのに現在利用されている層製造法は一般に金属粉と混合したポリマー結合剤を使用している。例えば、FDM法(溶着法(Fused
Deposition Method)で製造する場合は、ポリマー結合剤と金属粉の混合物から、加熱された押出しノズルを通じて供給されるフィラメントが製造される。次にグリーン(未焼結)部材が前記材料を層毎に押し出して製造される。SLS法(選択的レーザ焼結法)の場合は、さらさらの粉体(ポリマーと金属又はポリマー被覆金属)の混合物を薄い層に広げ、次いでレーザに暴露し、各層の選択された領域においてポリマー粒子を溶融させて金属粉と結合させグリーン部材が製造される。他の方法はいくらか変更した類似の方法を使用する。次にこのグリーン部材を通常の焼結炉内で焼結し、漏出ポリマーはその炉内で除去される。
焼結の選択的阻害(SIS)法は、結合剤無しの金属粉から三次元(3−D)の金属物体を製造するのに利用できる。金属粉の複数の層をビルドタンク(build
tank)の上に設ける。各層について、層の一部の領域は焼結が阻害される。これは、例えば、金属塩(例えばリン酸カリウム)又はセラミックのスラリーなどの焼結阻害物質を堆積させるか、又は粉体中の金属粒子をレーザ又はミクロトーチなどの集中熱源を使って酸化することによって達成できる。各層を圧縮成形した後に次の層を設ける。次に最終の圧粉体を焼結する。不要の焼結部分は、焼結阻害(未焼結)領域によって形成された境界で、圧粉体から取り外され次いで物体が取り出される。
図1Aと1Bは、金属焼結選択的阻害(SIS)法100を説明するフローチャートであり、この方法によって、型又はポリマー結合剤を使わずに、金属粉から所望の形態の高密度金属部材を製造できる。所望の形態はコンピュータ支援設計(CAD)モデルで提供できる。この方法は、精密に形成された機能金属部材を迅速に製造するのに利用できる。図2は方法100で利用できる代表的なステーションを示す。
Claims (16)
- 金属粉の複数の層で形成された圧粉体の金属粉を焼結する炉、
前記金属粉を層状に広げる手段、
前記圧粉体における前記層の各々について、受けた圧縮力の合計が同一になるように調節された圧力で、前記広げられた層を圧縮するプレス、並びに
前記炉による焼結の際に未焼結となるように、前記複数の層に一つ又は二つ以上の焼結阻害領域を形成する手段、
を含んでなるシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記広げる手段がローラを含んでいることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記広げる手段がブレードを含んでいることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記焼結阻害領域形成手段が、焼結阻害材料を前記一つ又は二つ以上の領域上に堆積させる手段を含んでいることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項4に記載のシステムであって、
前記堆積させる手段が、前記焼結阻害材料を押し出すノズルを含んでいることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項4に記載のシステムであって、
前記堆積させる手段が、前記焼結阻害材料をプリントするプリンターヘッドを備えていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項4に記載のシステムであって、
前記焼結阻害材料が金属塩で構成されていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項7に記載のシステムであって、
前記金属塩がリン酸カリウム(K3PO4)で構成されていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項4に記載のシステムであって、
前記焼結阻害材料がセラミックスラリーで構成されていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記焼結阻害領域形成手段が、前記一つ又は二つ以上の領域の金属粉粒子を酸化するように作動する走査可能なレーザを備えていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記焼結阻害領域形成手段が、前記一つ又は二つ以上の領域の金属粉粒子を酸化するように作動する制御可能なミクロトーチを備えていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記金属粉が結合剤無しの金属粉で構成されていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムにおいて、
前記各層の圧縮成形の後に前記プレスの表面をクリーニングする手段をさらに備えていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムにおいて、
さらに、前記複数の層各々を加熱する加熱器を備えていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項14に記載のシステムであって、
前記加熱器が、選択的にオンオフするように作動するガストーチのアレーで構成されていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項14に記載のシステムであって、
前記加熱器が、電流又はシャッターによって選択的にオンオフするように作動する非常に高温の電気フィラメントのアレーを備えていることを特徴とするシステム。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US39816002P | 2002-07-23 | 2002-07-23 | |
| PCT/US2003/020741 WO2004009281A1 (en) | 2002-07-23 | 2003-06-30 | Metallic parts fabrication using selective inhibition of sintering (sis) |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005533927A JP2005533927A (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
| JP2005533927A5 JP2005533927A5 (ja) | 2008-07-17 |
| JP4351998B2 true JP4351998B2 (ja) | 2009-10-28 |
Family
ID=30771193
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004523050A Expired - Lifetime JP4351998B2 (ja) | 2002-07-23 | 2003-06-30 | 焼結の選択的阻害(sis)法を利用する金属部材の製造 |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7241415B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1534461B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4351998B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100659008B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN100406169C (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE471222T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2003256355A1 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2492605C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE60333019D1 (ja) |
| RU (1) | RU2288073C2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004009281A1 (ja) |
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- 2003-06-30 US US10/610,622 patent/US7241415B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-30 DE DE60333019T patent/DE60333019D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-30 EP EP03765481A patent/EP1534461B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-30 KR KR1020057001214A patent/KR100659008B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-30 AU AU2003256355A patent/AU2003256355A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2003-06-30 JP JP2004523050A patent/JP4351998B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-30 CN CNB038175789A patent/CN100406169C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-30 RU RU2005104942/02A patent/RU2288073C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101795994B1 (ko) * | 2014-06-20 | 2017-12-01 | 벨로3디, 인크. | 3차원 프린팅 장치, 시스템 및 방법 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE60333019D1 (de) | 2010-07-29 |
| RU2005104942A (ru) | 2005-07-20 |
| CA2492605C (en) | 2009-03-24 |
| US20040018107A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
| EP1534461B1 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
| JP2005533927A (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
| AU2003256355A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 |
| CA2492605A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
| KR100659008B1 (ko) | 2006-12-21 |
| CN1671503A (zh) | 2005-09-21 |
| RU2288073C2 (ru) | 2006-11-27 |
| EP1534461A1 (en) | 2005-06-01 |
| CN100406169C (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
| US7241415B2 (en) | 2007-07-10 |
| WO2004009281A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
| ATE471222T1 (de) | 2010-07-15 |
| EP1534461A4 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
| KR20050025651A (ko) | 2005-03-14 |
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