JP4377735B2 - Tunnel segment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is used for tunnels that allow ventilation, smoke removal, and water flow when pipes such as water and sewage systems, subways, tunnels for accommodating telegraph cables, water discharge tunnels, road tunnels, joint grooves, etc. are constructed by a shield method, etc. Regarding segments.

In JP-A-10-205299, in order to improve the efficiency of exhausting smoke in a tunnel, a ventilation duct is installed above each adjacent tunnel running in parallel, and a fire occurs in one tunnel. A tunnel ventilation smoke exhausting method is disclosed in which the ventilation duct of the tunnel is only exhaust and the ventilation duct of another tunnel is only air supply.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-248399 discloses a tunnel ventilation device installed in a tunnel in which an automobile travels, and communicates with at least one of a jet fan or a booster fan on the suction side of the fan, and on the ground. There is described a tunnel ventilator including an intake passage having an open suction port and an exhaust passage communicating with the discharge side of the fan, and forming the intake passage and the exhaust passage in the ground.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-205299 JP 2001-248399 A

When installing a ventilation duct above the tunnel for ventilation of the tunnel disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-205299, in an automobile tunnel, it is determined not to arrange a fixed installation within the building limit. The ventilation duct must be installed above the building limit, and in order to secure the installation space for the ventilation duct above the building limit, the tunnel opening height must be increased, and as a result, the tunnel As a result, the amount of excavation increased, the diameter of the tunnel also increased, and the cost of tunnel construction was high. Especially in the case of rectangular, horseshoe-shaped, and elliptical tunnels that are close to the limits of construction in order to reduce the amount of excavation of natural ground in recent years, the inner area of the tunnel is reduced only for the installation of ventilation ducts. As a result, there is a problem that the reduction of the excavation amount of the natural ground is suppressed.
Rail tunnels often have tunnel shapes that are close to the limits of construction, so when installing smoke exhausts, ventilation ducts, sprinkler piping, etc. in the event of a fire, the tunnel inner space must be increased. As with automobile tunnels, there is a problem that the tunnel construction cost becomes expensive.
In the case of a tunnel ventilator in which an intake passage and an exhaust passage are formed in the ground disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-248399, excavation for forming the intake passage and the exhaust passage in the ground is necessary, and the tunnel construction cost It has a problem that becomes expensive.
As a known technique, there is a technique in which a holding member (tube) necessary for assembling a segment is embedded in the segment so as to have an opening on the inner wall side. However, this gripping member is a member that allows the segment to grip the erector of the shield machine and is not connected to the pipe or space inside the segment, and it does not communicate with the tunnel circumferential direction or tunnel axial direction, This is a completely different technique from the present invention.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a tunnel segment that secures an effective cross section of a tunnel and is capable of aeration and water flow with reduced tunnel excavation.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the main tunnel segment, a pipe or space is provided inside the main tunnel segment connected in the main tunnel circumferential direction and the main tunnel axial direction, and the pipe or space inside the main tunnel segment is the main tunnel segment. When communicating in the tunnel circumferential direction only, and having an opening on the inner wall side of the main tunnel segment, the arrangement when connecting the segment ring formed by the main tunnel segment in the main tunnel axial direction is an alignment arrangement. A sub-tunnel adjacent to the main tunnel is connected by a connecting member, and is connected to a pipe installed in the axial direction of the sub-tunnel from a pipe communicating only in the circumferential direction of the main tunnel through the connecting member. To do.
The second invention is characterized in that, in the tunnel segment of the first invention, a pipe disposed inside the tunnel segment is also used as a main beam.
The third invention is characterized in that, in the tunnel segment of the first or second invention, the pipe disposed inside the tunnel segment is a striped steel pipe.

In the present application, a pipe or space is provided inside a tunnel segment connected in the tunnel circumferential direction and the tunnel axial direction, and the pipe or space inside the tunnel segment communicates in the tunnel axial direction and / or the circumferential direction. A pipe or space inside the segment can be used as a passage for ventilation or water passage, and a tunnel ventilation / smoke exhaust device or a sprinkler in case of fire can be installed without reducing the effective cross section of the tunnel.
In addition, by passing water through a pipe or space, the flow rate of the underground river tunnel can be adjusted, and groundwater and seawater on the natural mountain side can be taken.
Since it is not necessary to install equipment such as ventilation ducts in the tunnel effective cross section, the amount of tunnel excavation can be reduced, and the tunnel construction cost can be reduced.
When the segment ring formed by the tunnel segment is connected in the staggered arrangement (displacement of the junction surface of the segment in the tunnel circumferential direction), the inside of the tunnel segment A plurality of pipes extending in the tunnel axis direction are arranged at predetermined intervals in the tunnel circumferential direction, and the arrangement when connecting the segment rings formed by the tunnel segments in the tunnel axis direction is aligned (the tunnel axis direction of the segments) In the case of an arrangement in which the joining surfaces are matched), by arranging one or more pipes extending in the tunnel axis direction inside the tunnel segment, regardless of the difference in the arrangement method of the segment rings in the tunnel axis direction, Communication in the tunnel axis direction of the pipe inside the tunnel segment can be secured.
Further, in the case of the staggered arrangement, when a member such as a bolt or a vertical rib interferes with a pipe extending in the tunnel axis direction, the position of the pipe can be appropriately changed.
Even in a staggered arrangement, when connecting segments in the tunnel axis direction, it is necessary to connect ring joints with bolts, etc., and there is regularity in the arrangement to match the bolt holes. Depending on the nature, it is possible to communicate all the tubes extending in the tunnel axial direction in the axial direction. When it is impossible to communicate all the numbers due to the structure inside the segments such as the longitudinal ribs, at least one can be communicated in the axial direction, and the remaining several can be structured not to communicate.
The present invention can be applied to a synthetic segment, an RC segment, and a steel segment, and has a wide range of applications.
With the configuration in which the pipe disposed inside the tunnel segment is also used as the main beam of the tunnel segment, the tunnel segment can be manufactured at a low manufacturing cost.
With the configuration in which the pipe disposed inside the tunnel segment is a striped steel pipe, adhesion to concrete is improved, and the amount of steel used can be reduced.
The main tunnel and the secondary tunnel (adjacent tunnel) attached to it are connected by a connecting member (such as a pipe), and the pipe connected in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is connected to the pipe installed in the axial direction of the secondary tunnel. In this structure, since the pipe communicates with the outside of the tunnel, it is possible to exchange utilities such as air and water and exhaust air to the main tunnel.

Embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a tunnel segment 1 of the present application . The tunnel segment 1 in this embodiment is a steel segment made up of a main girder 2, a joint plate 3, and a skin plate 4. The main girder 2 has an axial bolt hole 5 for connection in the tunnel axial direction. The joint plate 3 has a circumferential bolt hole 6 for connection in the tunnel circumferential direction. Inside the tunnel segment 1, a plurality of axial pipes 8 connected between the main girders 2 and having axial openings 7 in the main girder 2 are installed at a predetermined interval, and the joint plates 3 are connected to the joint plates. A circumferential tube 10 having a circumferential opening 9 is arranged. The circumferential tube 10 is arced along the shape of the tunnel segment 1. The axial tube 8 and the circumferential tube 10 intersect so as to communicate with each other, and an opening 11 is formed on the segment inner wall side of the intersecting portion. The tunnel segment 1 may be filled with filling concrete 16.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the tunnel segment 1 of the present application . In this embodiment, a plurality of axial tubes 8 are installed at predetermined intervals between the main beams 2 inside the tunnel segment 1. Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which a plurality of tunnel segments 1 of the present application are connected in the circumferential direction of the tunnel to form a segment ring, and the segment rings are connected in the tunnel axis direction. In this embodiment, a staggered arrangement is adopted in which the junction surfaces in the tunnel axis direction of the tunnel segments 1 constituting the segment rings adjacent in the tunnel axis direction are shifted in the tunnel circumferential direction. Even in a staggered arrangement, at least one of a plurality of axial tubes 8 installed inside the tunnel segment 1 communicates to ensure communication in the tunnel axial direction.

  FIG. 4 shows another embodiment in which segment rings are connected in the tunnel axis direction. In this embodiment, the joining surface in the tunnel axis direction of the tunnel segment 1 constituting the segment ring adjacent in the tunnel axis direction is aligned in the tunnel circumferential direction. In the case of the alignment arrangement, even one axial tube 8 can ensure communication in the tunnel axial direction.

  5 (a) and 5 (b), the tunnel segment is a synthetic segment 17 in which a steel segment composed of a main girder 2, a joint plate 3, and a skin plate 4 and a reinforced concrete in which reinforcing reinforcing bars 12 are arranged are integrated. Embodiment is shown. In the case of the composite segment 17, the axial pipe 8 and the arcuate circumferential pipe 10 are arranged so as not to interfere with the reinforcing steel bars 12.

  FIGS. 6A and 6B show another embodiment in which the tunnel segment is a composite segment 17. In this embodiment, the axial pipe 8 and the arc-shaped circumferential pipe 10 are formed as a striped steel pipe formed with a spiral protrusion on the outer periphery, and the striped steel pipe can ensure a large adhesion force of concrete. Therefore, the amount of the reinforcing reinforcing bars 12 can be reduced.

  FIGS. 7A and 7B show an embodiment in which the tunnel segment is a steel segment concrete filling type 18. In this embodiment, an axial tube 8 and an arcuate circumferential tube 10 are arranged, and the axial tube 8 is also used as a vertical rib.

  FIGS. 8A and 8B show another embodiment in which the tunnel segment is a steel segment concrete filling type 18. In this embodiment, a plurality of short straight tubes are connected to the circumferential tube 10 to correspond to the arcuate shape of the segment.

  FIGS. 9A and 9B show an embodiment in which the tunnel segment is a steel segment secondary lining placement type 19. In this embodiment, the arcuate circumferential pipe 10 is placed through a hole formed in the vertical rib 13 and a secondary lining 20 is made inside the segment.

  FIGS. 10A and 10B show an embodiment in which the tunnel segment is a steel segment secondary lining non-placed type 21. FIG. In this embodiment, the arcuate circumferential tube 10 is disposed through a hole formed in the vertical rib 13.

  FIGS. 11A and 11B show an embodiment in which the segment for tunnel is a steel segment 22. In this embodiment, the inside of the steel segment 22 is a space defined by the skin plate 4, the inner skin plate 4 ′ and the vertical ribs 13, and holes are formed in the main girder 2 and the vertical ribs 13 so as to extend in the tunnel axial direction. And communication in the circumferential direction of the tunnel.

  12A and 12B show an embodiment in which the RC segment 23 is used as the tunnel segment. In this embodiment, the axial pipe 8 and the arc-shaped circumferential pipe 10 are arranged so as not to interfere with the reinforcing steel bars 12, and concrete is cast.

  13A and 13B show another embodiment in which the RC segment 23 is used as the tunnel segment. In this embodiment, the axial pipe 8 and the arc-shaped circumferential pipe 10 are formed as a striped steel pipe formed with a spiral protrusion on the outer periphery, and the striped steel pipe has a large adhesion force of concrete. Can be reduced.

FIG. 14 shows an embodiment of the junction of the tunnel segment 1. In this embodiment, in order to connect the circumferential pipes 10 connected between the joint plates 3 in a watertight manner, a water stop groove 14 is formed in the joint plate 3 of one tunnel segment 1 and the other tunnel segment 1 is formed. A gasket 15 is projected from the joint plate 3 and the gasket 15 is crimped to the water stop groove 14 to connect the circumferential tube 10 in a watertight manner. The axial pipe 8 connected between the main beams 2 is also connected in a watertight manner with the same configuration.
FIG. 15 shows an embodiment in which the pipe communicates only in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. In this embodiment, the main tunnel 24 and the auxiliary tunnel 25 (adjacent tunnel) attached to the main tunnel 24 are connected by a connecting member 26 (pipe, etc.), and the axis of the auxiliary tunnel 25 is passed through the connecting member 26 from a pipe communicating only in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. It has the structure connected to the piping 27 installed in the direction. Since the pipe 27 communicates with the outside of the tunnel, utility and exhaust such as air and water can be exchanged with the main tunnel 24. At this time, the pipe inside the tunnel segment may not be communicated in the axial direction.
In the drawings, the tunnel has a circular shape as an example, but it may have a rectangular shape, a horseshoe shape, an elliptical shape, or the like.

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Explanation of symbols

1: tunnel segment 2: main girder 3: joint plate 4: skin plate 5: axial bolt hole 6: circumferential bolt hole 7: axial opening 8: axial pipe 9: circumferential opening 10: circumferential pipe 11 : Opening 12: Reinforcing bar 13: Longitudinal rib 14: Water stop groove 15: Packing 16: Filled concrete 17: Composite segment 18: Steel segment concrete filling type 19: Steel segment secondary lining placement type 20: Secondary lining 21: Steel segment secondary lining non-placement type 22: Steel segment 23: RC segment 24: Main tunnel 25: Secondary tunnel 26: Connection member 27: Installed in the axial direction of the secondary tunnel tube

Claims (3)

A pipe or space is provided inside the main tunnel segment connected in the main tunnel circumferential direction and the main tunnel axial direction, and the pipe or space inside the main tunnel segment communicates only in the main tunnel circumferential direction, and for the main tunnel. has an opening in the inner wall of the segment, the main case segment ring formed by the tunnel for the segment placement when connected to the main tunnel axis direction aligned sub tunnel connecting member which houses to the main tunnel more connected, through a connecting member from the tube communicating only in the main tunnel circumferential direction, the tunnel for the segments, characterized in that connected the to the pipe which is installed in the axial direction of the secondary tunnel. 2. The tunnel segment according to claim 1, wherein a pipe disposed inside the segment is also used as a main beam . The tunnel segment according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the pipe disposed inside the segment is a striped steel pipe.

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