JP4381613B2 - Waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus, and more particularly, to a waste treatment apparatus that can switch between processing of general combustible waste and plastic waste.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional combustible waste is incinerated after being incinerated, but there is a problem that dioxins and other harmful substances are generated if the temperature is low or incomplete combustion occurs during the incineration process. . In recent years, in order to solve this problem, there has been proposed a method (gasification treatment method) in which general combustible waste is carbonized and the gas generated by the carbonization is completely burned at a high temperature.
[0003]
On the other hand, plastic waste, when incinerated, has a high combustion temperature of 1400 ° C. or higher, so it is not suitable for incineration and is often crushed and reused as fuel or plastic raw material. However, in recent years, it has been proposed to carbonize plastic waste, which is a carbon compound, to condense combustible components from the gas generated by this carbonization, and reuse it as a raw material for fuel and plastics.
[0004]
As described above, in the method for treating general combustible waste and plastic waste, although there is a common step of gasification by dry distillation, each of these treatments is a waste treatment device dedicated to general combustible waste. And a waste disposal apparatus dedicated to plastic waste.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in order to provide these two types of waste disposal apparatuses, there is a problem that a large site is required and the equipment cost is high.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art and to provide a waste treatment apparatus capable of switching between treatment of general combustible waste and plastic waste.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, a waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention is included in a carbonization furnace for carbonizing waste, a combustion furnace for combusting carbonization gas discharged from the carbonization furnace, and a carbonization gas for plastic waste. An oiling device that condenses the combustible matter and a branch duct that selectively guides the carbonization gas from the carbonization furnace to the combustion furnace and the oiling device, and burns the carbonization furnace in the branch duct when processing general combustible waste The technical means of connecting to the furnace and connecting the dry distillation furnace to the oil generator with a branch duct when plastic waste is treated is adopted.
[0008]
According to this, by switching the connection destination of the carbonization furnace with the branch duct, when the general combustible waste is processed, the carbonization furnace is connected to the combustion furnace with the branch duct, and the carbonization gas discharged from the carbonization furnace is discharged with the combustion furnace. When the plastic waste is treated, the carbonization furnace is connected to the oil generator, the carbonization gas discharged from the carbonization furnace is guided to the oil generator, and combustible components can be condensed and recovered from the carbonization gas.
[0009]
In the present invention, an operator may determine whether to treat a general combustible waste by connecting a combustion furnace to a carbonization furnace, or to process plastic waste by connecting an oiling apparatus to the carbonization furnace, Monitor the presence or absence of specific components of gas generated in the carbonization furnace by dry distillation, and connect the carbonization furnace to the oil generator when detecting specific components, and connect the carbonization furnace to the combustion furnace when non-detection is detected. It is also possible to automatically switch the connection destination of the carbonization furnace.
[0010]
In the present invention, in order to switch the connection destination of the carbonization furnace, for example, a switching valve is provided at the branch point of the branch duct. However, in place of the branch duct, two ducts, a duct for connecting the carbonization furnace to the combustion furnace and a duct for connecting the carbonization furnace to the oil generator, are provided, and an opening / closing valve for opening and closing each duct individually is provided. These open / close valves may be operated such that when one open / close valve is opened, the other open / close valve is closed.
[0011]
By the way, in the present invention, the concentration of the dry distillation gas (particularly the concentration of combustible components contained in the dry distillation gas) when the dry distillation furnace is connected to the oil generator varies depending on the type of plastic to be processed and the processing conditions. Also, the concentration of the dry distillation gas varies with the passage of time after the start of the treatment.
[0012]
If the processing capacity of the liquefier is set to be constant, it must be able to cope with the maximum concentration of dry distillation gas, but in this case, when the concentration of dry distillation gas is low, the processing capacity of the liquefier becomes excessive. , The efficiency of recovering combustible matter is reduced.
[0013]
Therefore, in the present invention, it is recommended to switch the treatment capacity of the oil refiner in accordance with the concentration of the dry distillation gas.
[0014]
Specifically, a gas detector that monitors the dry distillation gas concentration in the branch duct is provided, and a plurality of condensers (condensers) are provided in the oil generator, and the amount of gas detected by the gas detector provided in the branch duct (dry distillation) It is preferable that the number of condensers used can be switched depending on the gas concentration.
[0015]
For example, when three condensers are provided, three condensers are used in parallel or stepwise when the concentration of dry distillation gas is high, and two condensers are used in parallel or stepwise when intermediate. It is preferable to switch the number of use so that one oil making device is used when it is small.
[0016]
The combustible matter condensed by the oil making apparatus of the present invention may be discarded as waste oil, but can be reused as a raw material for fuel or plastic. Therefore, it is recommended that the oil making apparatus of the present invention be provided with a condensed oil tank that temporarily stores the combustible combusted matter.
[0017]
Of course, since the combustibles condensed in the oil generator can be used as fuel for a dry distillation furnace or a combustion furnace, in order to save the running cost of the present invention, in the present invention, the carbonization furnace is used rather than the oil generator. It is recommended to provide an oiling circuit that supplies combustibles as fuel to the combustion furnace.
[0018]
By the way, in this invention, the gas which isolate | separated the combustible part with the oil-ized apparatus has a danger of catching fire. Therefore, in the present invention, it is recommended to provide a gas circuit that guides the gas component separated by the oil generator to the dry distillation furnace and / or the combustion furnace, burn this gas component, and then release it to the atmosphere. .
[0019]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
[0020]
As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 1, this waste treatment apparatus includes a carbonization furnace 1 for carbonizing a processed product, a combustion furnace 2 for combusting a carbonization gas discharged from the carbonization furnace 1, and an oil component and a gas for the carbonization gas. An oiling device 3 that separates the gas into gas components and a branch duct 4 that selectively guides the carbonization gas from the carbonization furnace 1 to the combustion furnace 2 and the oiling device 3 are provided.
[0021]
In addition, this waste treatment apparatus includes a hot water boiler 5 that uses the heat of exhaust gas discharged from the combustion furnace 2, a cooling tower 6 that cools the exhaust gas, a dust collector 7 that removes dust in the exhaust gas, and an exhaust gas. Is provided with an exhaust gas fan 8 for flowing the exhaust gas and a chimney 9 for releasing the exhaust gas into the atmosphere.
[0022]
As shown in the longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, the waste is general combustible waste or plastic waste, and is inserted into the top of the dry distillation furnace 1 with a skip lift 11 from the side of the dry distillation furnace 1. It is lifted up and dropped into the dry distillation furnace 1 from the inlet 12.
[0023]
The inlet 12 is provided with an upper lid 13 that opens and closes the upper end opening of the inlet 12 and a shutter 14 that opens and closes the intermediate height of the inlet 12. For example, the upper lid 13 is closed with the shutter 14 closed. After opening and dropping a predetermined amount of plastic waste material into the inlet 12, the upper lid 13 is closed and then the shutter 14 is opened to drop the waste into the dry distillation furnace 1.
[0024]
Now, the bottom 15 of the carbonization furnace 1 is made of a refractory, and the furnace side wall 16 and the ceiling 17 are constituted by a water jacket through which cooling water flows, and support the furnace side wall 16, ceiling 17, grate 18, and the like. Cooling water is circulated through the furnace inner wall 19 and the shutter 14.
[0025]
Of this cooling water, the one supplied to the furnace side wall 16 and the ceiling 17 of the dry distillation furnace 1 is sent out from the feed water tank 38 by the feed water pump 39, introduced into the upper part of the furnace side wall 16, heated and evaporated. Then, it is dissipated into the atmosphere through the steam separator 40 communicated with the ceiling 17.
[0026]
A part of the cooling water sent out from the feed water pump 39 is supplied to a cooling tower 36 that cools the cooling water by air, a water channel formed in the grate 18 through the cooling water circulation pump 37 from the cooling tower 36, a water channel formed in the furnace inner wall 19, The grate 18, the furnace inner wall 19, and the shutter 14 are cooled and then collected and returned to the cooling tower 36.
[0027]
By the way, the waste dropped into the dry distillation furnace 1 from the charging port 12 is received by the grate 18, and the inside of the dry distillation furnace 1 is injected by the primary burner 20 that jets a flame into the dry distillation furnace 1 from below the grate 18. Is heated to dry distillation.
[0028]
The primary burner 20 is supplied with fuel, that is, oil from the oil tank 51 via the fuel pump 52, the pressure regulator 53, and the flow rate detector 54, and is supplied with combustion air from the primary fan 21.
[0029]
When the waste is heated to several hundred degrees, for example, 300 to 600 ° C. in the carbonization furnace 1, the combustible waste or plastic waste, which is a carbon compound, is carbonized without generating dioxins, volatilized and volatilized. The carbonaceous matter that has been pyrolyzed to the carbonaceous matter that has not been volatilized falls from between the grate 18 onto the furnace bottom 15.
[0030]
The carbonaceous part that has fallen to the furnace bottom 15 is scraped to the ash outlet 22 by the rotary ash discharge rake 56, and the ash discharge gate 23 that opens and closes the ash outlet 22 is opened to open the ash outlet 22 It is dropped into an ash box 24 that is put in and out.
[0031]
Further, the portion volatilized by the dry distillation is led to the combustion furnace 2 or the oil generator 3 by the branch duct 4 as a dry distillation gas.
[0032]
The branch duct 4 is formed of a refractory material, and as shown in FIG. 1, a switching valve 25 driven by a motor M1 is provided at the branch point, and the switching switch (not shown) is manually operated by an operator. The position of the valve 25 is switched, and the discharge destination of the dry distillation gas is switched to the combustion furnace 2 or the oil generator 3.
[0033]
That is, when processing general combustible waste, the dry distillation gas flows to the B side and led to the combustion furnace 2, and when processing plastic waste, the dry distillation gas flows to the A side. Thus, the position of the switching valve 25 is switched so as to be guided to the oil generator 3.
[0034]
As shown in the flow chart of FIG. 3 showing the flow of the exhaust gas, when the operation of the waste treatment apparatus is started, it is first checked whether or not the motor M1 has failed (S1), and there is no failure. If confirmed, whether or not to use the oil refiner 3 is confirmed based on an instruction given by the operator (S2).
[0035]
When not in use, that is, in the case of general combustible waste disposal, the switching valve 25 is switched so that the dry distillation gas flows to the B side and is guided to the combustion furnace 2 (S3). In the case of using in the direction of the combustion furnace 2 and flowing to the combustion furnace 2, that is, in the case of plastic waste treatment, the switching valve 25 is switched so that the dry distillation gas flows to the A side and is guided to the oil generator 3 (S4). ), The carbonization gas flows from the branch point to the A side, and is led to the oil generator 3.
[0036]
In place of the branch duct 4 and the switching valve 25, as shown in the configuration diagram of FIG. 4, a duct 4 </ b> B that connects the combustion furnace 2 to the dry distillation furnace 1, and an oil generator 3 is connected to the dry distillation furnace 1. A pair of the duct 4A and each duct 4A, 4B that individually opens and closes the inlet of the duct (the opening that opens to the dry distillation furnace 1), the outlet (the opening that opens to the combustion furnace 2 or the oil generator 3), or the middle thereof. These valves (for example, motorized valves) 25A and 25B may be provided. In this case, when the oil refiner 3 is used, the valve 25A on the oil refiner 3 side is opened and the valve 25B on the combustion furnace 2 side is closed, and when the oil refiner 3 is not used, the valve 25A on the oil refiner 3 side is closed. At the same time, the valve 25B on the combustion furnace 2 side is opened.
[0037]
Further, a gas detector is provided in a part of the dry distillation furnace 1 from the branch point of the branch duct 4 or in the dry distillation furnace 1, and the switching valve 25 is selected depending on the concentration of a specific gas component contained in the dry distillation gas detected by the gas detector. May be automatically switched.
[0038]
By the way, as shown in the block diagram of FIG. 6, the oil generating apparatus 3 of this plastic waste material processing apparatus is provided with a three-stage condenser 30 connected in series, and the dry distillation gas detected by the gas detector 26 is provided. The number of stages of the condenser 30 to be used is switched depending on the density.
[0039]
Here, the condensers 30 of each stage are configured in the same manner, and the vertical tanks A, B, and C and the funnel-shaped oil collecting tanks 31 that are continuous with the lower ends of the tanks A, B, and C are provided. And each oil level relay 32 that is turned on when the oil level in each oil collection tank 31 reaches a predetermined height or more, each discharge path 33 connected to the lower end of each oil collection tank 31, and each discharge path 33 Motorized valves EVA, EVB, and EVC that individually open and close are provided.
[0040]
Cooling water is supplied from the cooling tower 36 into the peripheral walls of the tank A, tank B, and tank C of each condenser 30, and the dry distillation gas introduced therein is cooled to condense combustible components in the dry distillation gas. The obtained oil is stored in the oil collecting tank 31.
[0041]
The cooling water is introduced into the lower part of the third stage tank A from the cooling tower 36 that cools the cooling water, transferred from the upper part of the tank A to the upper part of the tank B, and from the lower part of the tank B to the lower part of the tank C. The refrigerant is transferred from the upper part of the tank C to the cooling tower 36. In other words, in the oil generator 3, the condenser 30 is caused to flow in the direction opposite to the flow of the dry distillation gas when the condenser 30 is used in three stages.
[0042]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a gas detector 26 is provided at a portion upstream of the branch point of the branch duct 4, and the oil generator is provided depending on the concentration of dry distillation gas detected by the gas detector 26. 3, the number of stages of the capacitor 30 used is switched.
[0043]
In order to switch the number of stages, an electric valve MH for opening and closing the branch duct 4 is provided between the branch point of the branch duct 4 and the oil generator 3 as shown in FIG. A manifold 34 for switching the number of stages is connected between this branch point and the motor-operated valve MH as necessary.
[0044]
The manifold 34 includes an electric valve MN that opens and closes the main pipe portion 34a and electric valves MB that individually open and close the branch pipe portions 34b, 34c, and 34d that communicate with the tanks A, B, and C of each stage. MC and MD are provided. The trunk 34a of the manifold 34 is connected to the gas circuit 35 communicating with the combustion furnace 2 via the electric valve MA. Normally, the manifold 34 is shut off from the combustion furnace 2 by closing the electric valve MA. ing.
[0045]
Further, the oil duct 3 side end of the branch duct 4 communicates with the upper part of the first stage tank C, and the lower part of the first stage tank C and the lower part of the second stage tank B are connected via an electric valve MF. The upper part of the second-stage tank B and the upper part of the third-stage tank A are communicated via the motor-operated valve ME. The lower part of the third-stage tank A is also communicated with the gas circuit 35 via the motor-operated valve MG.
[0046]
As shown in FIG. 3, the concentration of dry distillation gas detected by the gas detector 26 is determined (S5), and in the event of an emergency where the gas concentration is particularly high, the dry distillation gas is passed through the motorized valves MN and MD from the manifold 34 side to the first stage. From the tank C to the second-stage tank B via the motor-operated valve MF, and further from the tank B to the third-stage tank A via the motor-operated valve ME (D-side three-stage, S6). .
[0047]
That is, the electric valve MH that opens and closes the branch duct 4 is closed, the electric valve MN of the manifold 34 is opened, and the dry distillation gas is introduced to the manifold 34 side (D side). Then, among the electric valves MB, MC, MD provided in the branch pipe portions of the manifold 34, only the electric valve MD is opened, the electric valve MA of the gas circuit 35 is closed, and the tank C of the first stage condenser 30 is closed. Introduce dry distillation gas. In addition, a motor-operated valve MF that communicates the tank C of the first-stage condenser 30 and the tank B of the second-stage condenser 8, and a motor-operated valve ME that communicates the second-stage tank B and the third-stage tank A Is opened so that the dry distillation gas flows through each condenser 30 in the order of the first stage, the second stage, and the third stage.
[0048]
When the concentration is high, the motorized valve MH is opened, the motorized valves MN, MA, MB, MC, MD are closed, and the dry distillation gas is guided from the branch duct 4 side (C side) to the first stage tank C, The first stage, the second stage, and the third stage are passed through the capacitors 30 in this order (C side, third stage, S7).
[0049]
When the concentration is medium, the motorized valve MH of the branch duct 4 is closed, the motorized valve MN of the manifold 34 is opened, dry distillation gas is introduced to the manifold 34 side (D side), and the motorized valves MC and ME are opened. Then, by closing the other motor-operated valves MA, MB, MD, and MF, the dry distillation gas is made to flow in order to the second-stage tank B and the third-stage tank A (D-side second stage, S8).
[0050]
When the concentration is small, the motorized valve MH of the branch duct 4 is closed, the motorized valve MN of the manifold 34 is opened, dry distillation gas is introduced into the manifold 34 (D side), the motorized valve MB is opened, and other motorized By closing the valves MA, MC, MD, ME, and MF, the dry distillation gas is allowed to flow only into the third-stage tank A (D-side first stage, S9).
[0051]
The operator visually observes the dry distillation gas in the tank A to determine whether it is good or bad (S10), and if good, opens the motor-operated valve MG and connects the tank A to the combustion furnace 2 via the gas circuit 35 ( S 11) The gas discharged from the tank A is burned in the combustion furnace 2.
[0052]
When the state of the dry distillation gas in the tank A is defective, the motor-operated valve MG is closed and the supply of the dry distillation gas to the combustion furnace 2 is stopped (S12).
[0053]
By the way, as shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 5, the combustion furnace 2 includes a furnace chamber 27 in which an end of the branch duct 4 on the combustion furnace 2 side is opened, and a secondary burner 28 for injecting a flame into the furnace chamber 27. A secondary fan 29 for supplying air into the furnace chamber 27 to completely burn the fuel in the secondary burner 28, and another temperature detector TICAR1 for monitoring the exhaust gas temperature of the combustion furnace 2 are provided.
[0054]
Further, the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 2 can be recirculated to the dry distillation furnace 1 through the electric valve MK. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the exhaust gas temperature of the combustion furnace 1 is monitored by this temperature sensor TICAR1 (S13). For example, when the high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher continues for 2 seconds or longer, the motor-operated valve MK is turned on. Opening (S14), a part of the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 2 is recirculated to the dry distillation furnace 1, so that the exhaust gas temperature from the chimney 9 does not exceed a certain value. As a result, the recirculated exhaust gas to the carbonization furnace 1 serves as a combustion aid for the burner 20, and combustion can be continued at a predetermined temperature or higher without the burner 20. Further, at the initial stage of using the oil generator, the valve 25 is switched to the combustion furnace 2 side, and the exhaust gas from the incinerator 2 is supplied to the dry distillation furnace until the temperature of the dry distillation furnace 1 reaches the required temperature for oil formation. The plastic waste can be preheated using a gas that is refluxed to 1 and refluxed from the incinerator 2 to the dry distillation furnace 1. Of course, in this case, the valve 23 is switched to the oil generator side when the oil generator reaches a temperature at which oil can be recovered.
[0055]
Further, when the furnace temperature of the combustion furnace 2 is a low temperature that does not continuously exceed a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time or longer, the motor-operated valve MK is closed (S15), and the entire amount of exhaust gas is exhausted from the chimney 9 to the atmosphere. .
[0056]
The secondary burner 28 is supplied with fuel from the oil tank 51 via a fuel pump 52, a pressure regulator 53 and a flow rate detector 54, and is supplied with combustion air from the compressor 50.
[0057]
By the way, in each condenser 30 through which the dry distillation gas flows, the combustible component is condensed by cooling the dry distillation gas, whereby the oil component separated from the gas component is stored in the oil collecting tank 31. Then, as shown in the operation flow chart of FIG. 7, the oil level relay 32 monitors whether the oil level in each oil collecting tank 31 has reached a predetermined height or higher (S21, S22, S23). When the surface relay 32 is turned off, the corresponding motor operated valves EVA, EVB, EVC are closed to accumulate oil in the oil collecting tank 31 (S24, S26, S28), and the corresponding oil level relay 32 is fully turned on. Sometimes, the corresponding electric valves EVA, EVB, EVC are opened for a predetermined time, for example, T seconds, and the oil content of the corresponding oil collection tank 31 is transferred from the discharge path 33 to the condensed oil tank 41 of FIG. 6 (S25, S27, S29).
[0058]
As shown in FIG. 6, the condensing oil tank 41 includes an oil level detector 42 inside thereof, and is connected to a primary burner 20 of the dry distillation furnace 1 and a waste oil burner 44 provided in the combustion furnace 2 through an oil circuit 43. Yes.
[0059]
In this oil circuit 43, the oil component recovery tank 45, the oil pump 46 that pumps oil from the condensate oil tank 41 to the oil recovery tank 45, and the oil component from the oil recovery tank 45 to the primary burner 20 and the waste oil burner 44 are pumped. Another oil pump 47, an oil level relay 48 that detects that the oil level in the oil recovery tank 45 has reached a predetermined height, and an oil take-out path that takes out oil discharged from the oil pump 47 to the outside 49, an electric valve MP that opens and closes the oil extraction passage 49, an electric valve MQ that turns on / off the supply of oil to the waste oil burner 44, and an electric valve MR that turns on / off the supply of oil to the primary burner 20 And are provided.
[0060]
As shown in the flow diagram of FIG. 7 showing the flow of oil, whether or not the oil level in the condensed oil tank 41 exceeds a predetermined height is monitored by the oil level detector 42 in the condensed oil tank 41 (FIG. 6, S30) When the oil level detector 42 is turned off, the motor-operated valves EVA, EVB, EVC are temporarily closed (S31), and the system waits for a predetermined amount or more of oil to be stored in the condensed oil tank 41. When the oil level detector 42 is fully turned on, the oil level relay 48 of the oil recovery tank 45 determines whether or not the oil level in the oil recovery tank 45 has reached a predetermined height or more. (S32) When the oil level relay 48 is fully turned on, the oil pump 46 is stopped (S33), and the supply of oil from the condensed oil tank 41 to the oil recovery tank 45 is stopped.
[0061]
When the oil level relay 48 in the oil recovery tank 45 is turned off, the oil pump 46 is operated to send oil from the condensed oil tank 41 to the oil recovery tank 45 (S34).
[0062]
Further, it is confirmed whether or not an oil removal command is issued by the operator (S35). If an oil removal command is issued, the oil pump 47 is activated and the motor-operated valve MP is opened (S36). ), The oil is taken out to the outside (S37), and when the oil take-out command is not issued, the oil pump 46 is stopped and the electric valve MP is closed (S38).
[0063]
Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 5, in addition to the secondary fan 29, the combustion furnace 2 is provided with a compressor 50 that supplies combustion air to the secondary burner 28 and the waste oil burner 44.
[0064]
In order for the waste oil burner 44 to combust the oil in the oil recovery tank 45, it is necessary that this compressor 50 is in operation. As shown in FIG. 7, is this compressor 50 in operation? Whether or not the engine is stopped is monitored (S39). If the engine is in operation, the oil pump 47 is operated and the motor-operated valve MQ is opened (S40), and oil is supplied from the oil recovery tank 45 to the waste oil burner 44. Then, combustion is performed in the combustion furnace 2 (S41), and when stopped, the oil pump 47 is stopped and the motor-operated valve MQ is closed (S42).
[0065]
Further, it is monitored whether or not the operator has instructed the oil collected in the oil recovery tank 43 to be reused as the fuel for the primary burner 20 (S43). At the same time, the motor-operated valve MR is opened (S44), and the recovered oil is used as fuel for the primary burner 20 to save fuel supplied from the oil tank 51 (S45). If there is no instruction for reuse, the motor-operated valve MR is closed and the oil pump 47 is stopped (S46).
[0066]
Here, taking out the oil to the outside, burning the recovered oil with the waste oil burner 44, and reusing the recovered oil as the fuel for the primary burner 20 may be performed alternatively. Moreover, you may make it compete.
[0067]
For example, the recovered oil is combusted by the waste oil burner 44 or the primary burner 20 while taking out the recovered oil, or the recovered oil is combusted by the waste oil burner 44 and the primary burner 20 while taking out the recovered oil. The oil can be burned by the waste oil burner 44 or the primary burner 20 without being taken out to the outside, or the recovered oil can be burned by the waste oil burner 44 and the primary burner 20 without being taken outside.
[0068]
The waste oil burner 44 is supplied with combustion air from the compressor 50 even when oil is not supplied to the waste oil burner 44 from the oil generator 3 via the oil circuit 43.
[0069]
The quality of the dry distillation gas is determined, for example, by observing the color of the dry distillation gas. For example, the dry distillation gas is determined to be bad when the color of the dry distillation gas is black, and is determined to be good when it is whitish.
[0070]
When the motor M1 that drives the switching valve 25 is out of order, it is confirmed whether the switching valve 25 is located on the A side, that is, the oil refiner 3 side (S51). First, as in the case of an emergency in which the concentration of the dry distillation gas is very high, the dry distillation gas is flowed sequentially from the manifold 34 side to the first stage tank C, the second stage tank B, and the third stage tank A (D side 3 Dan, S52).
[0071]
That is, the electric valve MH that opens and closes the branch duct 4 is closed, the electric valve MN of the manifold 34 is opened, and the dry distillation gas is introduced to the manifold 34 side (D side).
[0072]
Then, among the electric valves MB, MC, MD provided in the branch pipe portions of the manifold 34, only the electric valve MD is opened, the electric valve MA of the gas circuit 35 is closed, and the tank C of the first stage condenser 30 is closed. Introduce dry distillation gas. In addition, a motor-operated valve MF that communicates the tank C of the first-stage condenser 30 and the tank B of the second-stage condenser 8, and a motor-operated valve ME that communicates the second-stage tank B and the third-stage tank A Is opened so that the dry distillation gas flows through each condenser 30 in the order of the first stage, the second stage, and the third stage.
[0073]
Furthermore, the quality of the dry distillation gas is determined (S53). If the dry distillation gas is defective, the motorized valve MA is kept closed (S54). If the dry distillation gas is good, the motorized valve MA is opened (S55). And, it flows into the combustion furnace 2 through the gas circuit 34 and is combusted in the combustion furnace 2.
[0074]
As described above, the in-furnace temperature of the combustion furnace 2 is controlled to be maintained at 800 ° C. or higher. By using the exhaust gas of the combustion furnace 2 as a heat source of the hot water boiler 5, the exhaust gas temperature is, for example, It is cooled to below 200 ° C.
[0075]
Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a temperature detector TICAR 2 that monitors the exhaust gas temperature flowing into the dust collector 7, a high temperature flue 55 that bypasses the dust collector 7, and the high temperature flue 55 are provided. As shown in FIG. 3, the temperature detector TICAR2 monitors the exhaust gas temperature (S16), and the exhaust gas temperature exceeds the heat resistance of the dust collector 7, for example, 240 ° C. or higher. At a high temperature at which T is detected continuously for more than T seconds, the motor-operated valve MO is opened (S17), and a part of the exhaust gas flows around the dust collector 7, so that the heat load of the dust collector 7 does not become excessive. I am doing so.
[0076]
When the exhaust gas temperature is a low temperature lower than the heat resistance performance of the dust collector 7, the motor-operated valve MO is closed (S18) so that all exhaust gas passes through the dust collector 7 and dust in the exhaust gas is removed. Yes.
[0077]
As shown in FIG. 6, a fire extinguishing nitrogen gas circuit 57 that injects nitrogen gas into the tank C when the dry distillation gas is ignited is connected to the tank C of the first-stage condenser 30.
Thus, according to this plastic waste material processing apparatus, it is determined whether or not to use the oil generator 3 according to the judgment of the operator, and the dry distillation gas generated in the dry distillation furnace 1 according to this determination is supplied to the combustion furnace 2. The plastic waste material can be treated by the dry distillation gasification combustion method, or the plastic waste material can be treated by the oil purification method by introducing the dry distillation gas to the oil generator 3.
[0078]
And, by using the carbonization furnace 1 in combination with the carbonization process in the carbonization combustion process and the carbonization process in the oiling process, the installation of the carbonization furnace 1 is compared with the case where two dedicated carbonization furnaces are installed. The site can be narrowed and the entire device can be made inexpensive.
[0079]
Moreover, since the combustion furnace 2 is used in combination with a combustion furnace for combusting the oil and gas components separated and recovered by the oil conversion method and a combustion furnace for burning the dry distillation gas by the dry distillation gasification combustion method, Compared with the case where a combustion furnace dedicated to the method is installed, the installation site of the combustion furnace 2 can be narrowed and the entire apparatus can be made inexpensive.
[0080]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is included in a dry distillation furnace for carbonizing waste, a combustion furnace for burning dry distillation gas discharged from the dry distillation furnace, and a dry distillation gas for plastic waste. An oiling device that condenses combustibles, and a branch duct that selectively guides the carbonization gas from the carbonization furnace to the combustion furnace and the oiling device. Combustion furnace with a branching duct for the treatment of general combustible waste In the treatment of plastic waste, the carbonization furnace is connected to the liquefaction unit with a branch duct. According to the present invention, the general combustible waste is carbonized in the carbonization furnace, and the carbonization gas generated in the carbonization furnace Gasification combustion treatment method of general combustible waste that is introduced into a combustion furnace and combusted in the combustion furnace, and oil conversion method of dry distillation of plastic waste and condensing and recovering the combustible content in the dry distillation gas Can be switched The effect is obtained that.
[0081]
Therefore, the installation site can be narrowed compared with the case of installing two waste treatment devices, a waste treatment device dedicated to general combustible waste and a waste treatment device dedicated to a plastic waste treatment device. In addition, it is possible to obtain an effect that the entire apparatus can be made inexpensive.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a carbonization furnace according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram showing the flow of dry distillation gas of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a combustion furnace of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an oil making apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the flow of combustible components of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Carbonization furnace
2 Combustion furnace
3 Oil making equipment
4 branch duct
35 Gas circuit
43 Oil circuit

Claims (5)

A carbonization furnace for carbonizing waste, a combustion furnace for combusting the carbonization gas discharged from the carbonization furnace, an oiling device for condensing combustibles contained in the carbonization gas of plastic waste, and a carbonization gas from the carbonization furnace A branch duct that selectively leads to the combustion furnace and the oil generator,
A waste treatment apparatus characterized in that a dry distillation furnace is connected to a combustion furnace by a branch duct when processing general combustible waste, and a dry distillation furnace is connected to an oil generator by a branch duct when processing plastic waste.   The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an oilification circuit that supplies combustible matter recovered by the oilification apparatus as fuel to a dry distillation furnace and / or a combustion furnace.   The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein exhaust gas is introduced into the dry distillation furnace from the combustion furnace and used for combustion assistance. Claims: At the time of processing plastic waste, the carbonization gas is introduced into the combustion furnace at the initial stage when the apparatus is used for combustion, and the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace is returned to the carbonization furnace to be used for preheating plastic waste. 3. The waste treatment apparatus according to 3.   The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a gas circuit that guides a residual gas content after the combustible component is separated by the oil converting apparatus to the combustion furnace when the plastic waste is processed.

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