JP4423229B2 - Shield machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shield machine used to construct a tunnel.

There are various types of shield machines, as shown in Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and the like , and the configuration of a general shield machine will be briefly described as follows.

  In other words, the shield machine has a cylindrical shield frame as the machine body, and an erector device for assembling the segments in a ring shape on the excavated wall surface is provided inside the shield frame. A plurality of shield jacks are provided inside the shield frame to advance the shield frame (in other words, the entire shield machine) by a reaction force from the existing segment. Furthermore, a partition wall frame is provided on the front side of the shield frame to partition a chamber between the shield frame, and a ring-shaped cutter shaft is rotatably provided on the partition frame. A cutter head for excavating natural ground is integrally provided on the front side of the cutter shaft via a plurality of intermediate support bars, and the cutter head projects forward with respect to the shield frame. is there.

  Then, the operation | work which constructs | assembles a tunnel using the said shield machine is demonstrated.

That is, first, a shaft corresponding to the depth of the tunnel is constructed in the natural ground. Next, the shield machine is transported to the bottom of the shaft and preparation for excavation by the shield machine is performed. Then, under the state in which the cutter head is rotated integrally with the cutter shaft, the existing jacks are operated by operating a plurality of the shield jacks while balancing the pressure of the excavated earth and sand in the chamber and the earth pressure of the face. The whole shield excavator is moved forward by the reaction force from the segment, and the ground is excavated by the cutter head while stabilizing the face. In parallel with excavation of the natural ground, the segments are assembled in a ring shape on the wall excavated by the erector apparatus. Furthermore, the tunnel can be constructed by continuously excavating the natural ground as described above and assembling the segments.
JP-A-3-63393 JP 2003-35088 A

  By the way, in order to construct | assemble the said tunnel, it is necessary to construct the said shaft according to the depth of the said tunnel as mentioned above, and construction of the said shaft becomes large-scale especially in the case of a deep depth. Therefore, there is a problem that the construction period of the tunnel including the construction period of the shaft becomes long and the construction cost of the tunnel including the construction cost of the shaft becomes high.

A feature of the present invention is that in a shield machine used to construct a tunnel,
A cylindrical shield frame,
A partition wall frame provided on the front side of the shield frame and defining a chamber with the face;
A cutter shaft rotatably and swingably provided on the partition frame;
An intermediate support member provided integrally on the front side of the cutter shaft and configured to divide the chamber into an inner chamber and an outer chamber surrounding the inner chamber;
An inner cutter head integrally provided on the inner surface of the intermediate support member;
An outer cutter head integrally provided on the outer surface of the intermediate support member;
The partition frame is provided so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and is pushed out from the partition frame by moving in the front-rear direction (moving the partition member in the front-rear direction), A partition member configured to be switchable between a stored state and a stored state;
And a cutter motor that swings the cutter shaft when the partition member is in the pushed-out state and rotates the cutter shaft when the partition member is in the retracted state .

Here, “provided” means not only being provided directly but also indirectly provided via another member. “Oscillating” refers to being able to rotate in the forward and reverse directions within a predetermined range.
According to the feature of the present invention, when excavating a shallow ground, the partition member is moved forward to switch from the housed state to the pushed out state. Next, the cutter shaft is swung by driving the cutter motor, and the intermediate support member, the inner cutter head, and the outer cutter head are swung integrally. Then, the entire shield machine is advanced by a reaction force from the existing segment. As a result, a shallow ground can be excavated by the cooperation of the inner cutter head and the outer cutter head while stabilizing the face .

When excavating a deep ground, the partition member is moved backward to switch from the pushed-out state to the housed state. Next, the cutter shaft is rotated by driving the cutter motor to integrally rotate the intermediate support member, the inner cutter head, and the outer cutter head. And the whole shield machine is advanced by the reaction force from the existing segment. This makes it possible to excavate deep ground with the cooperation of the inner cutter head and the outer cutter head while stabilizing the face.
Here, since the intermediate support member is configured to divide the chamber into the inner chamber and the outer chamber, the chamber may be divided in the height direction to increase the stability of the face. it can. For the same reason, the shield method in the inner chamber and the shield method in the outer chamber can be individually selected according to excavation conditions such as the depth of natural ground. Thus, the shield machine can continuously excavate from a shallow ground to a deep ground.

Further, the inner cutter head is integrally provided on the inner side surface of the intermediate support member, and the outer cutter head is integrally provided on the outer side surface of the intermediate support member. The inner cutter head and the outer cutter head can be rotated and swung .

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to construct the tunnel having a large depth and a long distance by continuously excavating from a shallow ground to a deep ground by the shield machine. Therefore, the construction period of the tunnel can be shortened and the construction cost of the tunnel can be reduced.

Further, since the inner cutter head and the outer cutter head can be rotated and swung by driving a common motor, the components of the shield machine are reduced, and the configuration of the shield machine is simplified. I can.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

Here, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention,
2 is a view taken along line II-II in FIG. 4, FIG. 3 is a view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is taken along line IV-IV in FIG. FIG. In the drawings, “FF” indicates the forward direction, “FR” indicates the backward direction, “L” indicates the left, and “R” indicates the right. It is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, a shield machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is used for constructing a deep and long distance tunnel, and is a cylindrical shield. The frame 3 is provided as the excavator body. The shield frame 3 may be of a folding type in which a cylindrical front cylinder and a cylindrical rear cylinder are connected to be bendable.

  Inside the shield frame 3, there is provided an erector device 7 for assembling the segment 5 in a ring shape on the excavated wall surface. In addition, a plurality of shield jacks 9 for moving the shield frame 3 (in other words, the entire shield machine 1) forward by the reaction force from the existing segment 5 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction inside the shield frame 3. Has been.

  A partition frame 13 is provided on the front side of the shield frame 3 to divide the chamber 11 from the face F. The partition frame 13 is configured such that the central portion of the wall surface projects forward. . The wall surface of the partition frame 13 may be the same plane.

  A ring-shaped cutter shaft 15 is provided on a mounting portion 13a of the partition wall frame 13 through a bearing 17 so as to be rotatable and swingable (can be rotated in the forward and reverse directions within a predetermined range). A plurality of cutter motors 19 for rotating and swinging the cutter shaft 15 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on the mounting portion 13 a of the partition wall frame 13, and the output shafts of the plurality of cutter motors 19 are arranged on the output shaft. The main driving pinions 21 are integrally provided, and the cutter shaft 15 is integrally provided with a ring-shaped driven gear 23 that meshes with the plurality of main driving pinions 21.

A cylindrical intermediate support member 25 is integrally provided on the front side of the cutter shaft 15 , and the intermediate support member 25 protrudes forward with respect to the shield frame 3. The intermediate support member 25 is configured to divide the chamber 11 into an inner chamber 27 and an outer chamber 29 surrounding the inner chamber 27.

  A circular inner cutter head 31 is integrally provided on the inner side surface of the intermediate support member 25, and a natural ground G is excavated on the outer side surface of the intermediate support member 25 in cooperation with the inner cutter head 31. An annular outer cutter head 33 is integrally provided. Each of the inner cutter head 31 and the outer cutter head 33 includes a plurality of spokes 35 extending radially and a number of cutter bids 37 provided on the plurality of spokes 35.

  Here, the inner cutter head 31 is configured to protrude forward with respect to the outer cutter head 33, and the outer cutter head 33 is immersed backward with respect to the central portion of the wall surface of the partition wall frame 13. It is comprised so that it may do. In other words, the shield machine 1 is configured such that the entire inner chamber 27 protrudes forward with respect to the outer chamber 29.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a pair of partition members 39 are provided on both left and right sides of the partition frame 13 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and the pair of partition members 39 extend in the left-right direction. . Further, the pair of partition members 39 are pushed out of the partition frame 13 by moving in the front-rear direction (moving in the front-rear direction of the partition member 39) to move the outer chamber 29 up and down (the upper portion of the outer chamber 29 and the outer chamber 29). It is configured to be switchable between an extruded state (state indicated by a solid line in FIG. 2) and a storage state (state indicated by an imaginary line in FIG. 2) stored in the partition frame 13. A partition jack 41 for moving each partition member 39 in the front-rear direction is provided inside the shield frame 3, and the movable rod portion 41 r of each partition jack 41 is connected to the connection portion 39 a of the corresponding partition member 39. Has been. Here, the plurality of cutter motors 19 swing the cutter shaft 15 when the pair of partition members 39 are in the pushed state, and rotate the cutter shaft 15 when the pair of partition members 39 are in the stored state. It has become.

In the shield frame 3, an inner screw conveyor 43 for conveying the cut earth and sand from the inner chamber 27 to the rear is disposed, and a chemical for improving natural ground is injected into the natural ground on the front side of the inner cutter head 31. An injection nozzle 45 is provided. In the shield frame 3, a pair of outer screw conveyors 47 for conveying the excavated earth and sand from the upper part of the outer chamber 29 in the backward direction are disposed. The excavated earth and sand conveyed by the pair of inner screw conveyor 43 and outer screw conveyor 47 is conveyed to the ground by a belt conveyor (not shown) or the like.

  One end of a mud pipe 49 (only a part of which is shown in the figure) for sending muddy water to the upper part of the outer chamber 29 is connected to the upper part of the partition frame 13 so as to communicate with the upper part of the outer chamber 29. One end of a mud pipe 51 (only a part of which is shown) that sends mud water to the lower part of the outer chamber 29 is connected to the lower part so as to communicate with the lower part of the outer chamber 29. In addition, one end of a mud pipe 53 (only a part of which is shown) for discharging muddy water including excavated sediment from the outer chamber 29 is connected to the lower part of the partition frame 13 so as to communicate with the lower part of the outer chamber 29. . The muddy water is circulated between the mud pipes 49 and 51, the outer chamber 29, and the exhaust mud pipe 53.

  A tail seal member 55 is provided at the rear end of the shield frame 3 to prevent entry of groundwater, earth and sand, etc. into the shield frame 3 from the outer peripheral surface of the existing segment 5. Although details are omitted, groundwater, earth and sand, etc. do not enter the shield frame 3 from the partition wall frame 13, the cutter shaft 15, the intermediate support member 25, and the like.

  Then, the effect | action of embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  When excavating the shallow ground G with the shield machine 1, the following is performed.

  That is, the pair of partition members 39 are moved forward by the operation of the pair of partition jacks 41 to switch from the stored state to the pushed-out state. Next, the cutter shaft 15 is swung by driving the plurality of cutter motors 19, and the intermediate support member 25, the inner cutter head 31, and the outer cutter head 33 are swung integrally. Then, the entire shield machine 1 is advanced by the reaction force from the existing segment 5 by the operation of the plurality of shield jacks 9. Thus, the shallow ground G can be excavated by the cooperation of the inner cutter head 31 and the outer cutter head 33 while stabilizing the face F.

  While excavating the shallow ground G, the shield method by the mud pressure type is selected as the shield method in the inner chamber 27, and the injection nozzle 45 is used to inject the natural ground improvement agent into the ground G. By conveying the excavated soil in the muddy state containing the chemicals backward by the inner screw conveyor 43, the pressure of the excavated sediment in the inner chamber 27 and the earth pressure of the face can be balanced. Further, an open mechanical type shield method is selected as the shield method in the upper part of the outer chamber 29, and the excavated earth and sand are conveyed backward by the outer screw conveyor 47. Further, a mud pressure type shield method is selected as the shield method in the lower part of the outer chamber 29, and mud is sent to the lower part of the outer chamber 29 by the mud pipe 51 and the lower part of the outer chamber 29 is given by the mud pipe 53. By discharging the muddy water including the excavated earth and sand, the pressure of the muddy water in the lower portion of the outer chamber 29 and the earth pressure of the face can be balanced.

  The shield method in the inner chamber 27 may be selected instead of the mud pressure type shield method, and the open mechanical type shield method may be selected. The shield method by earth pressure type may be selected.

  When excavating the deep ground G with the shield machine 1, the following is performed.

  That is, the pair of partition members 39 are moved backward by the operation of the pair of partition jacks 41 to switch from the pushed state to the stored state. Next, the cutter shaft 15 is rotated by driving the plurality of cutter motors 19, and the intermediate support member 25, the inner cutter head 31, and the outer cutter head 33 are integrally rotated. Then, the entire shield machine 1 is advanced by the reaction force from the existing segment 5 by the operation of the plurality of shield jacks 9. Accordingly, deep ground G can be excavated by the cooperation of the inner cutter head 31 and the outer cutter head 33 while stabilizing the face F.

  While excavating the deep natural ground G, the shield method by the mud pressure type was selected as the shield internal construction method in the inner chamber 27, and while the injection nozzle 45 injected the natural ground improvement agent into the natural ground G, By transporting the excavated soil in the muddy state containing the chemicals backward by the inner screw conveyor 43, the pressure of the excavated sediment in the inner chamber 27 and the earth pressure of the face F can be balanced. Further, a muddy water type shield method is selected as the shield method in the outer chamber 29, and muddy water is sent to the upper and lower portions of the outer chamber 29 by the mud pipes 49, 51, and the outer chamber 29 is taken by the mud pipe 53. By discharging muddy water including excavated earth and sand from the lower part, the pressure of muddy water or the like in the outer chamber 29 and the earth pressure of the face F can be balanced.

  The shield method for the inner chamber 27 may be selected from the muddy water type shield method instead of the muddy pressure type shield method. However, in this case, it is necessary to use a mud pipe that sends muddy water to the inner chamber 27 and a mud pipe that discharges muddy water containing excavated soil from the inner chamber 27.

  Further, the intermediate support member 25 is configured to divide the chamber 11 into an inner chamber 27 and an outer chamber 29, and the pair of partition members 39 is moved by the movement of the self (partition member 39) in the front-rear direction. Since it is configured to be switchable between the extruded state and the housed state, the chamber 11 is divided in the height direction, and the stability of the face F can be increased. Furthermore, for the same reason, the shield method in the inner chamber 27, the shield method in the upper part of the outer chamber 29, and the shield method in the lower part of the outer chamber 29 are individually determined according to the excavation conditions such as the depth of the natural ground G. You can choose. Thus, as described above, the shield machine 1 can continuously dig from the shallow ground G to the deep ground G.

  Furthermore, since the shield machine 1 is configured so that the entire inner chamber 27 protrudes forward with respect to the outer chamber 29, for example, a shield method using a mud pressure type is selected as the shield method in the inner chamber 27. When the muddy water type shield method is selected as the shield method in the outer chamber 29, the muddy water is prevented from entering the inner chamber 27 through the face F from the outer chamber 29. Thereby, even if the shield method in the inner chamber 27 and the shield method in the outer chamber 29 are different, the mutual influence between the shield method in the inner chamber 27 and the shield method in the outer chamber 29 is reduced.

  Further, since the inner cutter head 31 is integrally provided on the inner side surface of the intermediate support member 25 and the outer cutter head 33 is integrally provided on the outer side surface of the intermediate support member 25, the driving of the common cutter motor 19 is performed. Thus, the inner cutter head 31 and the outer cutter head 33 can be rotated and swung.

  Therefore, according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to construct a deep and long-distance tunnel by continuously excavating from the shallow ground G to the deep ground G with the shield machine 1. Therefore, the construction period of the tunnel can be shortened and the construction cost of the tunnel can be reduced.

  Further, since the inner cutter head 31 and the outer cutter head 33 can be rotated and swung by driving the common cutter motor 19, the components of the shield machine 1 are reduced, and the configuration of the shield machine 1 is simplified. Can be planned.

In addition, this invention is not restricted to description of the above-mentioned embodiment, It can implement in a various other aspect by making an appropriate change.

It is sectional drawing of the shield machine concerning embodiment of this invention. It is the figure along the II-II line in FIG. FIG. 3 is a view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1.

Explanation of symbols

F face G ground mountain 1 shield machine 3 shield frame 9 shield jack 11 chamber 13 partition frame 15 cutter shaft 25 intermediate support member 27 inner chamber 29 outer chamber 31 inner cutter head 33 outer cutter head 39 partition member

Claims (2)

In the shield machine used to build the tunnel,
A cylindrical shield frame,
A partition wall frame provided on the front side of the shield frame and defining a chamber with the face;
A cutter shaft provided rotatably and swingably on the partition wall frame;
An intermediate support member provided integrally on the front side of the cutter shaft and configured to divide the chamber into an inner chamber and an outer chamber surrounding the inner chamber;
An inner cutter head integrally provided on the inner surface of the intermediate support member;
An outer cutter head integrally provided on the outer surface of the intermediate support member;
The partition frame is provided so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and can be switched between an extruded state that pushes out from the partition frame and partitions the outer chamber up and down and a storage state that is housed in the partition frame by movement in the front-rear direction. A partition member configured to:
And a cutter motor that swings the cutter shaft when the partition member is in the pushed state and rotates the cutter shaft when the partition member is in the retracted state. . The shield machine according to claim 1 , wherein the inner chamber is configured to protrude forward with respect to the outer chamber.

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