JP4454256B2 - A granular sprayer for granular drugs - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure of a shore spreader in which a power spreader is mounted on a movable carriage.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a power distribution device, a chemical tank, a travel drive device, and the like are provided on a movable carriage, and a work or travel is performed with a handle disposed on one side of the movable carriage. Further, a technology related to a shore power spraying device (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-361136) in which a power spraying device disposed on a moving carriage is operated while being moved on the shore to spray a drug or fertilizer. Is known.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-361136
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the conventional shore spraying machine has only one side of the medicine spraying direction, if the traveling direction and the working direction are opposite, the work is reversed and the work is performed after traveling to the end without working on the shore. It was necessary, and at the end of the shore, the direction had to be changed on a narrow shore, and the operability was poor. In addition, since the traveling device and the spraying device of the shore spreader are driven independently and the operation is also performed separately, it is difficult to simultaneously perform when starting and stopping the traveling and spraying operations. In some cases, excessive spraying or insufficient spraying occurred at the end. In addition, since adjustment of the traveling speed and the amount of sprayed medicine is manually performed by an operator, an adjustment error is likely to occur, and unevenness may occur in spraying. And since the distance of the medicine at the time of spraying work was adjusted according to the engine speed, it was necessary to work while changing the speed in the deformed field. It was difficult to adjust to the field.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.
[0006]
The self-propelled vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a power dispersal device (17) is disposed on a movable carriage (16), and traveling wheels (9, 9) are disposed below the movable carriage (16) so as to be capable of traveling. Type granular medicine vestibule spreader (1) is provided with handles (5, 5) at the front and rear of the movable carriage (16), respectively, and operating parts at the front and rear handles (5, 5), respectively. The power disperser (17) includes a medicine tank (2), a disperser fan (18), and a chute (24), and the rotating shaft of the disperser fan (18) is disposed horizontally in the front-rear direction. Thus, the spray fan (18) can be driven, and the base of the chute (24) communicates with the discharge part of the spray fan (18), and the discharge port (23 at the upper end of the chute (24). ), The chute (24) and the fan of the spray fan (18) The spout (18a) rotates in the left-right direction around the rotation axis of the spray fan (18) so that the discharge direction and the discharge angle can be changed, and is positioned at the side of the spray fan (18). The discharge port (23) of the chute (24) is positioned so that it can be sprayed, and the upper part of the guide pipe (27) is communicated with the lower part of the shutter (3) of the medicine tank (2). The lower part of 27) communicates with the air inlet of the fan case (18a) of the spray fan (18) .
[0007]
According to a second aspect of the present invention , in the gantry spraying device for the granular medicine according to the first aspect, the traveling wheels (9, 9) are driven by a motor (30), and a traveling speed detection sensor (120) is provided in the traveling portion. The shutter (3) is provided below the medicine tank (2) of the power spraying device (17), the means for opening and closing the shutter (3), and the opening sensor (123) for detecting the opening of the shutter (3). ), And the opening / closing drive means, the opening sensor (123), the motor (30), and the traveling speed detection sensor (120) are connected to the control unit (100), and the shutter (3) is interlocked with traveling. Is configured to be openable and closable.
[0008]
In Claim 3, in the shore sprayer of the granular medicine of Claim 1, the traveling speed detection sensor (120) which detects the traveling speed of the said shore sprayer (1), and the chemical | medical agent tank of the said power spraying apparatus (2) A shutter (3) is provided at the bottom, and means for opening and closing the shutter (3), an opening sensor (123) for detecting the opening of the shutter (3), and a power spreader (17) A means for driving the spraying fan (18) and a fan rotational speed sensor (121) for detecting the rotational speed of the spraying fan (18) are connected to the control unit (100) and sprayed in conjunction with the traveling speed. The number of rotations of the fan (18) and the opening of the shutter (3) can be changed.
[0009]
In Claim 4, in the shore spreader of the granular medicine according to claim 1, a distance sensor (33) is provided in the chute (24) to detect a spraying distance to a lateral end of the field, and the distance The sensor (33) is connected to the control unit (100), and the rotational speed of the spray fan (18) and the opening of the shutter (3) can be changed according to the spray distance.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the invention will be described.
[0011]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a granular medicine sprayer according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a medicine tank and a shutter part, FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a distance sensor, a chute and a fan part, and FIG. It is a control block diagram.
[0012]
The overall configuration of the granular drug jar spreader 1 will be described below with reference to FIG. In addition, in the figure, it demonstrates below by making A direction into a front direction. In this embodiment, a case where a granular medicine is sprayed will be described. The shore spreader 1 shown in the figure includes a moving carriage 16 and a power spreading device 17, and the power spreading device 17 is placed on the moving carriage 16. The power spraying device 17 includes a medicine tank 2, a spraying fan 18 and a chute 24. The base of the chute 24 is communicated with the discharge part of the spray fan 18, the discharge port 23 is provided at the upper end of the chute 24, and the distance sensor 33 is disposed above the chute 24. Inside the discharge port 23, a valve body for adjusting the discharge direction and discharging substantially uniformly is disposed. The chute 24 rotates in the left-right direction around the rotation axis of the fan 18 so that the discharge direction and the discharge angle can be changed. When the discharge port 23 and the distance sensor 33 change the left-right discharge direction, It is configured to be able to change the discharge direction and the sensing direction by rotating left and right about the axis. The chute 24 and the fan case 18a of the spraying fan 18 can be fixed to the movable carriage 16 at an arbitrary angle by a long hole and a screw (not shown), but are discharged by an angle changing means such as a motor. The angle can be changed, and the reach distance and the spraying range can be changed. In addition, it is also possible to provide a cap at the discharge port 23 so that the angle can be changed so that the discharge direction can be adjusted with higher accuracy. The distance sensor 33 may employ a laser type, an ultrasonic type, a Doppler type, or the like, and is not limited. The arrangement position of the distance sensor 33 is not limited to the chute 24 but can be arranged on the movable carriage 16.
[0013]
The spray fan 18 has blades in a fan case 18a, the drive shafts of the blades are arranged in the front-rear horizontal direction, the inlet is provided in the rear, the discharge port is provided in the side, and can be discharged to the side. I have to. The blades are driven by being connected to the drive shaft of the motor 20 as drive means. In other words, like a conventional broadcaster, when the drive shaft is in the vertical direction, it spreads in a fan shape in the horizontal direction and there are many overlapping parts during work, and there are parts that are not scattered at the start and end, or in parts other than the farm field There was a risk of spraying. As in this embodiment, by setting the drive shaft in the front-rear horizontal direction, it is possible to disperse sideways, eliminate unnecessary dispersal, and easily adjust the dispersal distance. The rotation speed of the motor 20 can be changed by the spraying distance adjusting means of the operation units 25 and 25 provided on the handle 5 of the movable carriage 16, and the spraying distance adjusting means and the motor 20 are connected to the control unit 100. The spraying distance adjusting means is composed of a lever, a knob or the like and can be adjusted automatically or manually. The operation unit 25 is disposed at an arbitrary position on or near the handle.
[0014]
The drug tank 2 is fixed on a movable carriage 16, the drug tank 2 is filled with granular drug or fertilizer, and a shutter 3 for adjusting the spraying amount is provided at the lower outlet of the drug tank 2. ing. The shutter 3 is driven to open and close by a motor 26 serving as a driving means, and the opening degree of the shutter 3 opened and closed by the motor 26 is detected by an opening degree sensor 123, and the opening degree sensor 123 is provided at the rotation base of the shutter 3. The opening sensor 123 and the motor 26 are connected to the control unit 100. The control unit 100 is connected to a motor 26 and a spray amount adjusting means provided in the operation unit 25, and the spray amount can be changed manually or automatically by adjusting the amount of the medicine or fertilizer dropped by the spray amount adjusting means. . However, the configuration of the driving means and the shutter is not limited, and the driving means is not limited to a motor, and can be configured by a cylinder, a solenoid, or the like. The shutter can also be configured to open and close by sliding in the horizontal direction or rotating around a vertical axis. The lower part of the shutter 3 communicates with the upper part of the guide tube 27, and the lower part of the guide tube 27 communicates with the inlet of the fan case 18 a of the spraying fan 18.
[0015]
The movable carriage 16 has handles 5 and 5 projecting from the front end of the machine base frame 28 to the upper front and from the rear end of the machine base frame 28 to the upper and rear sides, respectively. 25 and 25 are provided. With such an arrangement, an operator can be positioned on the narrow shore before or after the moving carriage 16 and work while moving the shore spreader 1 forward or backward. Then, when the operator moves to the opposite handle side and operates, the operation can be performed in the reverse direction without turning the shore spreader 1.
[0016]
A battery 21 for supplying electric power to the electrical components of each part and a power distribution device 17 are placed on the machine base frame 28, and the traveling wheels 9 and 9 are disposed on the front lower part and the rear lower part of the machine base frame 28 via the travel frame. Are arranged in one row in the front and rear, arms 29 and 29 protrude downward from the left and right sides of the front and rear midway part of the machine frame 28, and guide rollers 22 and 22 are rotatably disposed at the ends of the arms 29 and 29, respectively. Has been. The arms 29 and 29 are disposed so as to be pivotable back and forth and up and down with respect to the machine base frame 28, and the guide rollers are disposed on the front wheel side by pivoting the arms 29 and 29 forward and backward during forward and backward travel. This improves the maneuverability, guides from both sides across the shore, and rotates to the side of the machine base frame 28 when not working so that it does not interfere with travel. In addition, it is also possible to connect the operation links or the like to the arms 29 and 29 and extend to the operation unit so that the arms 29 and 29 are rotated by the operation unit. In addition, an actuator such as a motor may be disposed on the control unit, and the operation unit may be rotated by a lever or the like.
[0017]
Either one or both of the traveling wheels 9 and 9 are driving wheels, and the driving shaft of the motor 30 is connected to the axle of the traveling wheel 9 so that the traveling wheels 9 are directly driven by the motor 30. . In the present embodiment, the motor 30 is disposed and driven only at the rear portion, but it can also be configured to drive both front and rear. The motor 30 is connected to the control unit 100. The operation unit 25 is provided with a speed change means and is connected to the control part 100. By operating the speed change means, the motor 30 can be moved forward, backward, or stopped. The speed can also be changed. Further, a speed sensor 120 is disposed on the traveling wheel 9 to detect the traveling speed, input it to the control unit 100, travel at a set speed during work, and control to stop spraying when stopped.
[0018]
Next, spraying control will be described with reference to FIGS. The control unit 100 includes a speed sensor 120 for detecting the traveling speed of the shore spreader 1, a rotational speed sensor 121 for detecting the rotational speed of the fan 18, an angle sensor 122 for detecting the angle of the chute 24, and the field side to be sprayed. A distance sensor 33 that detects the longest spray distance, and an opening sensor 123 that detects the opening of the shutter 3 are connected to each end, and the detected value is input. In addition, a motor 20 that drives the fan 18, a motor 26 that opens and closes the shutter 3, and a motor 30 that drives the traveling wheels 9 are connected as actuators that are operated by outputting a control signal from the control unit 100.
[0019]
Furthermore, a switch, lever, knob, numeric keypad, display unit, and the like for setting or manually changing the traveling speed and spray amount are provided in the operation unit 25 and connected to the control unit 100. The operation unit can also be configured with a touch panel or the like. The control unit 100 is provided on the movable carriage 16 or at an arbitrary position such as an operation unit, and the control unit 100 includes a CPU 101, a memory 102, and the like. Since the amount of fertilizer, chemicals, etc. to be spread is roughly determined for a given area for each crop, the running speed, fan speed, shutter opening, etc., with respect to the spread amount and spread distance. Appropriate values of the angle and the angle of the chute are stored in the memory 102 as a map. The memory 102 also stores a control program.
[0020]
Next, a specific example of the spraying work will be described. First, the shore spreader 1 is moved to the work start position in the field, and the arm 29 is rotated downward so that it can be stably stopped on the shore. And in the operation part 25, the kind (size, specific gravity, etc.) of granules, such as a fertilizer or a chemical | medical agent, are input, and the application quantity per unit area is input. Next, when the spraying distance is short or in a deformed field, “automatic distance spraying” for automatically detecting the spraying distance and performing the spraying operation is selected. At this time, the distance to the side edge of the field is measured by the distance sensor 33. In addition, when the spraying distance is long (the field width is wide), the spraying is performed from both sides, so the distance to the middle is input or the distance is measured. Thus, when the spraying distance is determined, the angle of the chute 24 that can reach the grain edge to the field end is displayed, and the chute 24 is fixed by adjusting to the angle. Note that the angle of the chute 24 can be automatically changed by an actuator. An accurate angle of the chute 24 is detected by the angle sensor 122, and the angle is input to the control unit 100. In response to the angle, the control unit 100 determines the rotational speed of the fan 18, the opening degree of the shutter 3, and the travel. The speed is calculated.
[0021]
When the start button (work switch) is pressed, the fan 18 is driven. When a predetermined number of rotations is reached, the shutter 3 is opened, the travel motor 30 is driven, and the spraying work is started. In the spraying operation, when it is desired to spray a larger amount or less of the medicine, the shutter can be manually opened and closed by the operating means, and the manual operation is prioritized. Further, when it is desired to change the traveling speed, the traveling speed can be manually changed by the operating means. At this time, when the traveling speed is increased, the opening degree of the shutter 3 is largely adjusted, and when the traveling speed is decreased, the shutter 3 is closed accordingly. The spraying amount is controlled to be a predetermined amount.
[0022]
Further, during the spraying operation of the deformed farm field, the distance to the side edge of the farm field is always detected by the distance sensor 33. When the distance becomes longer, the opening degree of the shutter 3 is greatly opened, and at the same time The number of rotations of 18 is also increased, and the distance is controlled to increase as the distance increases. On the contrary, when it becomes shorter, the opening degree of the shutter 3 is closed so as to become smaller, and the rotational speed of the fan 18 is also reduced. However, instead of changing the number of rotations of the fan 18, the angle of the chute 24 can be changed. Then, when reaching the field end and pressing the work switch, the shutter 3 is closed and the fan 18 and the traveling motor are stopped. When the speed change lever is operated, the vehicle can move forward or backward.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
[0024]
As shown in claim 1, a power distribution device (17) is arranged on a movable carriage (16), and traveling wheels (9, 9) are arranged at the lower part of the movable carriage (16) so as to be able to travel. In the gantry spreader (1) of the traveling granular medicine, a handle (5, 5) is provided at each of the front and rear parts of the movable carriage (16), and an operation unit is provided at each of the front and rear handles (5, 5). Having arranged, when working with small banks or the like, it is possible to operate from either the front and rear, leading to field edge, when moving in the opposite direction, it is not necessary to change direction, the working reverse back and forth The direction of travel can be easily changed by simply moving the person.
[0025]
The power spraying device (17) includes a chemical tank (2), a spraying fan (18), and a chute (24), and the rotating shaft of the spraying fan (18) is horizontally arranged in the front-rear direction. The spray fan (18) can be driven, and the base of the chute (24) communicates with the discharge part of the spray fan (18), and the discharge port (23) is connected to the upper end of the chute (24). The chute (24) and the fan case (18a) of the spray fan (18) are rotated in the left-right direction around the rotation axis of the spray fan (18), and the discharge direction and the discharge angle The discharge port (23) of the chute (24) is positioned at the side of the spray fan (18) to enable spraying, and the shutter (3) of the drug tank (2) The upper part of the guide tube (27) communicates with the lower part, and the guide Bottom (27), since communication with the air inlet of the fan case (18a) of said distributing fan (18) is became possible to spray granular drug.
Further, the rotating shaft of the spraying fan of the power spraying device is arranged to be driven in the front-rear and horizontal directions, and the discharge port is provided on the side of the spraying fan. In the direction, the spread of the spray in the lateral direction was large, but when the spray fan of the present invention is used, the spread of the spray in the front-rear direction can be suppressed, and a uniform spray can be performed laterally. It is.
[0026]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the sprayer for a granular medicine according to the first aspect, the traveling wheels (9, 9) are driven by a motor (30), and a traveling speed detection sensor (120) is provided in the traveling portion. In addition, a shutter (3) is provided at the lower part of the medicine tank (2) of the power spraying device (17), and means for opening and closing the shutter (3) and an opening sensor (for detecting the opening degree of the shutter (3)) 123), the opening / closing drive means, the opening sensor (123), the motor (30), and the travel speed detection sensor (120) are connected to the control unit (100), and the shutter (3 ) Is configured to be openable and closable, so that the spraying of the medicine can be started and ended in accordance with the travel and stop of the shore spreader 1. Further, the discharge amount can be increased or decreased according to the traveling speed, and uniform spraying is possible.
[0027]
As shown in claim 3, in the shore sprayer of granular medicine according to claim 1, the traveling speed detection sensor (120) for detecting the traveling speed of the shore sprayer (1), and the medicine of the power spraying device A shutter (3) is provided at the lower part of the tank (2), means for opening and closing the shutter (3), an opening sensor (123) for detecting the opening of the shutter (3), and a power distribution device (17) A means for driving the spraying fan (18) and a fan rotational speed sensor (121) for detecting the rotational speed of the spraying fan (18) are connected to the control unit (100) and linked to the running speed. Since it is possible to spray the medicine according to the running speed configured to be able to change the rotation speed of the spray fan (18) and the opening degree of the shutter (3), uniform spraying of the medicine is possible and the spraying distance becomes long. Or shortened Change the speed and fall rate of the fan to suit the the distance, it is possible to make uniform the application rate.
[0028]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the gantry sprayer for granular medicine according to the first aspect, the chute (24) is provided with a distance sensor (33) to detect a spraying distance to the side edge of the field, The distance sensor (33) is connected to the control unit (100), and the number of rotations of the spraying fan (18) and the opening of the shutter (3) can be changed according to the spraying distance. The distance to the side edge of the field can be detected automatically, and the spraying amount of the medicine can be adjusted according to the distance and the traveling speed of the shore spreader 1. Even in a deformed field, the uniform medicine It is possible to spray.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a shore spreader according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a medicine tank and a shutter part.
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a distance sensor, a chute, and a fan portion.
FIG. 4 is a control block diagram.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wharf spreader 2 Drug tank 3 Shutter 5 Handle 17 Power spreader 18 Spray fan 33 Distance sensor 100 Control part 120 Traveling speed detection sensor 121 Fan rotation speed sensor 122 Angle sensor 123 Opening sensor

Claims (4)

A power spreader (17) is disposed on the movable carriage (16), and a traveling wheel (9, 9) is disposed on the lower portion of the movable carriage (16) so that the traveling wheels (9, 9) are disposed. In the shore spreader (1), a handle (5, 5) is provided at each of the front and rear portions of the movable carriage (16), and an operation unit is disposed at each of the front and rear handles (5, 5). The device (17) includes a medicine tank (2), a spray fan (18), and a chute (24). The spray fan (18) has a rotating fan arranged horizontally in the front-rear direction (spread fan ( 18) is configured to be drivable, and a base portion of the chute (24) communicates with a discharge portion of the spray fan (18), and a discharge port (23) is provided at an upper end of the chute (24). (24) and the fan case (18a) of the fan for spraying (18) By rotating the cloth fan (18) in the left-right direction around the rotation axis, the discharge direction and the discharge angle can be changed, and the chute (24) is disposed at the side of the spray fan (18). The discharge port (23) is positioned to enable spraying, and the upper part of the guide pipe (27) communicates with the lower part of the shutter (3) of the medicine tank (2), and the lower part of the guide pipe (27) A sprayer for spraying granular medicine, characterized in that it communicates with the air inlet of the fan case (18a) of the fan (18) for spraying. 2. A granular medicine sprayer according to claim 1, wherein said traveling wheels (9, 9) are driven by a motor (30), a traveling speed detection sensor (120) is provided in a traveling part, and a power distribution device (17). ) Is provided with a shutter (3) below the medicine tank (2), a means for opening and closing the shutter (3), and an opening sensor (123) for detecting the opening of the shutter (3), The opening / closing drive means, the opening sensor (123), the motor (30), and the traveling speed detection sensor (120) are connected to the control unit (100), respectively, and the shutter (3) can be opened and closed in conjunction with traveling. A granular medicine sprayer characterized by that. 2. The granular medicine shore sprayer according to claim 1, wherein a traveling speed detection sensor (120) for detecting a traveling speed of the shore sprayer (1) and a shutter at a lower part of the medicine tank (2) of the power spraying device. (3), a means for opening and closing the shutter (3), an opening sensor (123) for detecting the opening of the shutter (3), and a fan for distribution (18) of the power distribution device (17) And a fan rotational speed sensor (121) for detecting the rotational speed of the spraying fan (18) are connected to the control unit (100), and the spraying fan (18) is linked to the traveling speed. A sprinkler sprayer for granular medicine, characterized in that the rotational speed and the opening of the shutter (3) can be changed . 2. The granular medicine sprayer according to claim 1, wherein a distance sensor (33) is provided on the chute (24) to detect a spraying distance to a lateral end of the field and control the distance sensor (33). The spraying of the granular medicine is characterized in that it is connected to the part (100), and the rotational speed of the spraying fan (18) and the opening of the shutter (3) can be changed according to the spraying distance. Machine.

Images