JP4464080B2 - Automatic performance device and program - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an automatic performance apparatus and a program for controlling an automatic performance tempo in accordance with an operation for taking an operator's tempo.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various automatic performance devices have been proposed that control the tempo of automatic performance by waving a manipulator shaped like a baton. For example, in the apparatus shown in Patent Document 1, timing data indicating the timing at which the tempo is taken is embedded in the beat position in the automatic performance data, and the interval at which this data is read out and the interval at which the operation element is swung are set. Compare and change song tempo in real time.
By performing such control, it is possible to obtain a feeling as if the operator has become a conductor who performs the performance.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-272363
[0004]
By the way, in the above-described conventional apparatus, the number of times to take the tempo is determined by the timing data embedded in the automatic performance data. It is fixedly determined by automatic performance data. For example, in a quarter-beat song, the tempo must be taken with four strokes for each measure from the beginning to the end of the song.
In this case, a fast-tempo music or the like is difficult for beginners and elderly people because the pitch of the operation member must be increased. Further, there are cases where it is desired to change the number of strokes within one measure in the middle of a song, such as when the tone of a song changes, but this is not possible with conventional devices.
Furthermore, even if the music itself has a 4/4 time signature, it is often performed by the conductor's interpretation at a 2/2 time signature (alle bleve), but this is supported by conventional devices. It was impossible.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made under such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic performance apparatus and program capable of changing the number of times of taking a tempo.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above-described problems, an automatic performance device according to the present invention takes the tempo of a song from an operation element that detects a movement state when moved by an operator and the movement state detected by the operation element. A tempo control signal output means for generating a tempo control signal indicating the timing of the above, a batting number setting means for setting a batting number indicating how many times the tempo of the song should be taken within a measure, based on the batting instruction information;Includes timing information for the tempo of the automatic performanceWhile generating performance signals based on automatic performance data,Of the timing embedded in the position where the tempo of the automatic performance data is taken, the timing interval determined by the number of strokes set by the stroke number setting meansComparing with the generation interval of the tempo control signal, automatic performance means for determining the tempo of the automatic performance according to the comparison result is provided.
[0007]
  The tempo control signal output means, when the motion state detected by the operator is classified into a plurality of types equal to the maximum value that can be set as the number of strokes, the motion state detected by the operator Is specified as one of the plurality of types, and the tempo control signal including identification information indicating the specified type is generated, and the automatic performance data is generated for each position corresponding to the beat timing of the song. Identification information indicating which of the plurality of types of the exercise state at the timing is included, and the automatic performance means sets the number of strokes of the plurality of types among the timings of the beats in the automatic performance data The timing interval corresponding to the position including the identification information indicating the type used in the number of strokes set by the means, and the type indicated by the identification information are May be compared with the interval of generation of the tempo control signal is a type used in bats that have been set by the number setting means.
  Further, the batting number instruction information may be embedded in the automatic performance data, or may be input by an input means operated by an operator.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0009]
A: Configuration of the embodiment
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, it is constituted by an operator 1 that is shaken by an operator, and a musical sound performance device 2 that performs automatic performance by performing tempo control in accordance with the movement status of the operator 1.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 4, the operating element 1 has an appearance like a baton. Reference numeral 1a shown in FIG. 4 denotes a gripping portion, and the operator can arbitrarily swing the operating element 1 by grasping the gripping portion 1a. FIG. 5 shows a state where the operator A is waving with the operator 1 in his / her hand. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a striking number designating unit 105 having a plurality of buttons SW, SW... These buttons SW are used to set how many times the tempo is taken per measure during tempo control.
[0011]
A circuit shown in FIG. 1 is incorporated in the operator 1. The CPU 103 shown in FIG. 1 uses the storage area of the RAM 102 as a work area, and controls each part of the apparatus by executing various programs stored in the ROM 101. The timer 104 measures an interrupt time in the timer interrupt process of the CPU 103.
[0012]
The X sensor 106 detects the angular velocity in the horizontal direction of the swing operation of the operating element 1 performed by the operator, and the Y sensor 107 detects the angular velocity in the vertical direction of the swing operation of the operating element 1. A piezoelectric vibration gyro sensor is used for the X sensor 106 and the Y sensor 107 and is embedded in the tip portion of the operation element 1 (see FIG. 4). The output signals of the X sensor 106 and the Y sensor 107 are read by the CPU 103 after noise removal and AD conversion. The CPU 103 performs processing for specifying the swinging motion of the operator based on the read output signals of the X sensor 106 and the Y sensor 107. In this process, it is specified how the operation element 1 is swung, and four types of swinging directions of upward, downward, rightward, and leftward are specified. Then, MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface: registered trademark) event data corresponding to the specified way of swinging is generated.
[0013]
Next, how to set the tempo of the operator will be described with reference to FIG. In this figure, the number of strokes means how many times the tempo is taken within one measure when tempo control is performed.
First, when the number of strokes is 1, the tempo is taken when the operator 1 is swung down from top to bottom, and the tempo is taken only once per bar. This approach is used for both 3-beat and 4-beat songs and takes the tempo on the first beat. When the number of strokes is 2, the tempo is taken when the operator 1 is lowered and raised, and the tempo is taken twice per bar. This method is used for 4-beat music and takes tempo on the 1st and 3rd beats. The number of strokes 3 is a method of shaking to draw a triangle, and takes a tempo when drawing each side of the triangle. This method is used for songs with three time signatures and takes a tempo for each beat. The number of strokes 4 is a method of taking a tempo by four operations of swinging down → moving left → moving right → swinging up, and is used for a 4-beat song, and takes a tempo for each beat.
In this embodiment, it is predetermined that the operation element 1 is shaken as shown in FIG.
[0014]
In addition, as shown in the figure, the swing direction is specified by swinging downward (1), swinging right (2), swinging upward (3), and swinging left (4). ▼ and assign a note number to each. A note-on event is attached to the note number. In this embodiment, note-on messages of note numbers (61), (62), (63), and (64) are assigned to the swing methods (1), (2), (3), and (4), respectively.
Further, any one channel is assigned to these MIDI event data. In this embodiment, the channel number is 1. As described above, in the present embodiment, the data indicating how the operator 1 is swung is generated as MIDI event data (note-on event) of channel number 1. The event data is transmitted to the musical tone performance apparatus 2 via the transmission unit 108 as a tempo control signal PTENPO.
[0015]
Further, the hit number specifying unit 105 described above outputs the hit number specifying data PBEAT corresponding to the pressed button SW. The hit number designation data PBEAT is transmitted to the musical tone performance apparatus 2 via the transmission unit 108.
[0016]
Next, the CPU 203 in the musical tone performance apparatus 2 uses the storage area of the RAM 202 as a work area, and controls each part of the apparatus by executing various programs stored in the ROM 201. The timer 204 is for measuring the interruption time in the timer interruption process to the CPU 203. A plurality of automatic performance data is stored in the HDD (hard disk) 206, and at the time of automatic performance, automatic performance data of a designated song is read from the HDD 206 and stored in an automatic performance data storage area of the RAM 202. The external storage device 207 is used when reading automatic performance data stored in a recording medium such as a CD-ROM or a floppy disk. The display unit 208 displays various information.
The receiving unit 205 receives the tempo control signal PTENPO and the hit number designation data PBEAT output from the operation element 1 and outputs them to the CPU 203.
[0017]
The tone generator circuit 209 generates a tone signal based on the MIDI data sequentially read in the automatic performance process, and outputs it to the effect circuit 210. The effect circuit 210 gives various effects to the generated musical sound signal and supplies it to the sound system 211. The sound system 211 amplifies and emits the musical sound signal to which the effect is given.
[0018]
Next, the format of automatic performance data will be described. Although various data formats can be considered as the format of the automatic performance data, the MIDI format is used in this embodiment.
The automatic performance data is roughly divided into a header portion and a track portion as shown in FIG. The header portion includes standard tempo data DTENPO indicating the standard tempo of the song, and default number of strokes data DBEAT serving as a default value indicating the number of strokes in one measure (the number of times the tempo is taken). In the case of this embodiment, the hit number initial value data DBEAT is the number of beats of the song. That is, if the 4/4 time signature is set, the number-of-strokes initial value data DBEAT is set to “4”, and if it is 3/4 time, “3” is set.
[0019]
In the track portion, event data 22 and delta time data 21 indicating a time interval until the next event are arranged. The delta time data 21 is represented by an integer value. When the value is T, the delta time is T milliseconds. A channel number is added to the event data 22, thereby identifying which channel is used to generate the event.
[0020]
Here, the event data includes those for instructing a performance sound and those used for tempo control. In this embodiment, the note-on event of channel number 1 is used for tempo control. Note on events other than channel number 1 are used for performance.
The Norton on event of channel number 1 embedded in the automatic performance data 20 is arranged at the beat timing and is the same as the note on event output from the operation element 1 and has the note numbers (61), (62), Values (63) and (64) are used.
[0021]
More specifically, the automatic performance data 20 of the present embodiment includes a note number (61) indicating a downward swing method (1) (see FIG. 3) at the timing of the first beat in a 4-beat music. Is embedded and a note number (64) indicating a leftward swing method (4) is embedded at the timing of the second beat, and a note number (62) indicating a rightward swing method (2) at the timing of the third beat Is embedded, and a note number (63) indicating how to swing upward (3) is embedded at the timing of the fourth beat.
[0022]
Also, in a 3-beat song, a note number (61) indicating a downward swing method (1) is embedded at the timing of the first beat, and a rightward swing method (2) at the timing of the second beat. A note number (62) is embedded, and at the timing of the third beat, a note number (63) indicating an upward swing method (3) is embedded.
Also, in the automatic performance data 20 in the present embodiment, batting number instruction data CBEAT for instructing the batting number in the middle of a song is embedded. This number-of-strokes data is also event data of channel number 1.
[0023]
B: Operation
The operation of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described. First, for simplification of explanation, it is processing for automatic performance data of 4/4 time signature (batted stroke initial value data DBEAT is 4), and the stroke number specifying data PBEAT is not output from the controller 1 Will be explained.
[0024]
First, as the musical tone performance device 2 reproduces the automatic performance data 20, the operator holds the operator 1 in his hand and prepares for the tempo. This preparation is similar to holding a baton and refraining from playing.
On the other hand, the CPU 203 reads the automatic performance data 20 from the HDD 206 and stores it in the automatic performance data storage area of the RAM 202. Then, the CPU 203 sequentially reads the automatic performance data in the RAM 202 and performs the automatic performance, but first reads the stroke number initial value data DBEAT and the standard tempo DTENPO from the header portion. Then, automatic performance is performed at a tempo corresponding to the standard tempo DTENPO.
Thereafter, the events of the automatic performance data 20 in the RAM 202 are sequentially read and automatic performance is performed. In the following, the automatic performance processing will be described while relating the processing in the operator 1 and the processing in the musical tone performance device 2.
[0025]
(1) Tempo control signal output processing
First, in the operator 1, the tempo control signal output process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6 is executed. This process is an interrupt process executed in synchronization with a timer interrupt signal generated by the timer 104 every 10 ms, for example.
First, in step S001, sensor output signals output from the X sensor 106 and the Y sensor 107 are captured, and in the next step S002, a swing motion determination process is performed to determine the swing direction of the operation element 1. This is the angular velocity v detected by the X sensor 106 and the Y sensor 107._X, V_YAnd the threshold value (angular velocity v of the swing direction {circle around (1)} set for discriminating the swing directions (1), (2), (3), and (4)._X, V_YFor each threshold t_X1, T_Y1In the same manner, the threshold value t for the swing directions (2), (3), and (4)_X2, T_Y2, T_X3, T_Y3, T_X4, T_Y4To determine the swing direction.
[0026]
In addition, the following processing is performed as to which point in the process in which the operation element 1 is being swung is set as the time point of the tempo instruction.
First, the angular velocity v detected by the X sensor 106 and the Y sensor 107_X, V_YFind the square root of the sum of squares of, and use this as the absolute angular velocity. Then, the peak of the absolute angular velocity is detected, and the time when the peak is detected is determined as the time of tempo instruction.
[0027]
Next, when the swing direction is determined in step S002 and the time of tempo instruction is determined, note numbers corresponding to the respective swing directions are assigned in the following processing, and the note-on event of channel number 1 is assigned. Is output as
That is, if the swing direction is (1), the note number is (61) (step S003), if the swing direction is (2), the note number is (62) (step S004), and if the swing direction is (3), the note is recorded. (63) (step S005) is assigned as the number, and (64) (step S006) is assigned as the note number if the swing direction is (4). Then, after the note number is determined, in step S007, a note-on message is added to the note number to obtain event data of channel number 1, and this is output from the transmitting unit 108 to the musical sound performance device 2 as a tempo control signal PTENPO. .
[0028]
(2) Automatic performance data playback processing
Next, automatic performance data reproduction processing executed by the musical tone performance device 2 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. This process is an interrupt process executed every 1 ms in synchronization with the timer interrupt signal generated by the timer 204.
First, it is determined whether or not the reproduction of the automatic performance data 20 is requested in step S101. Specifically, the playback flag flgPlay (data name "flg" indicates that the data is a flag) is referred to. If this is "1", it is determined that a playback request has been made and the next step Proceeding to S102, if it is "0", it is determined that a reproduction request has not been made, and this processing is immediately terminated. The playback flag flgPlay is set to “1” when a start switch (not shown) is turned on to instruct playback, and is set to “0” when the start switch is turned off or the automatic performance is finished, and playback is ended. Instruct.
[0029]
If reproduction of the automatic performance data 20 is requested, the pause flag flgPause is determined in the next step S102. If "0", the process proceeds to step 103. If "1", the process proceeds to step 112. move on. The pause flag flgPause is a flag for instructing whether or not to stop the automatic performance temporarily. The pause is canceled when “0” and the pause is designated when “1”. Is defined.
In step S103, it is determined whether or not the content of the time counter cntTime (data name “cnt” indicates that the data is a counter) is “0”. The time counter cntTime is a counter to which the delta time data 21 is substituted, and the value is subtracted every time interrupt processing is performed (see step S110), and an event is executed when it becomes “0”. That is, the content of the time counter cntTime indicates the time until the next event.
[0030]
If the determination in step S103 is “No”, the event processing timing has not yet been reached, so the processing in steps S110 to S113 is performed and the process returns. If the determination in step S103 is “Yes”, event processing described below is performed.
First, the process proceeds to step S104, and the read position (address) of the storage area of the RAM 202 in which the automatic performance data 20 is stored is advanced by one to read the data. Whether or not the read data is the delta time data 21 is determined in the next step S105. Note that this determination process proceeds to the event response process in step S106 because the data is always the event data 22 if the process has progressed from step S103. After the event handling process in step S106, the process proceeds to step 104 again, the address is advanced, and the data is read. Then, it is determined whether or not the read data is delta time data 21 (step S105). In this way, the processing consisting of steps 104, 105, and 106 is repeated until the determination in step S105 is “Yes”, that is, until the next delta time data is received. Such loop processing is performed. This is because the event data 22 is continuous without interposing the delta time data 21 when there are events that sound simultaneously.
[0031]
On the other hand, if the read data is the delta time data 21 in step S105, the process proceeds to step S107, and the value of the delta time data 21 is substituted into the time counter cntTime.
Next, in step S108, it is determined whether or not the time counter cntTime is zero. Here, if the result is “Yes”, the process proceeds to step S104, and the processes after step S104 are repeated.
[0032]
Next, event handling processing will be described with reference to FIG. First, in step S141, it is determined whether or not the event read from the automatic performance data 20 is hit number instruction data CBEAT that specifies the number of hits in the middle of the song. If it is not the number-of-strokes instruction data CBEAT, the process moves to step S143 to determine whether or not the event is channel number 1. If the event data is other than channel number 1, it is a performance event, so the process proceeds to step S148, where the event is output, corresponding processing (sounding, mute, etc.) is performed, and the process returns.
[0033]
On the other hand, if “Yes” is determined in step S141, the hit number instruction data CBEAT is substituted for the variable Beat (S142), and the process proceeds to step S144 via step S143. Here, the processing in step S142 is a step for performing processing on the data read from the automatic performance data 20, and the read data includes stroke number instruction data CBEAT and stroke number designation data PBEAT. The case where the number-of-bats designation data PBEAT is read will be described later.
If the event data read from the automatic performance data 20 is a key-on event of channel number 1 arranged at the beat timing, the process proceeds to step S144 via steps S141 and S143.
In step S144, it is determined whether or not the content of the tempo information reception flag flgTmp is “1”. The tempo information reception flag flgTmp is a flag for determining whether or not the tempo control signal PTENPO has been received from the operation element 1. When “1”, it indicates that the tempo control signal PTENPO has been received from the operation element 1 and “0”. "" Indicates that the tempo control signal PTENPO has not been received from the operator 1.
If the content of the tempo information reception flag flgTmp is “0”, the process proceeds to step S145, and the read note number of channel number 1 is substituted into the event variable evtMD. Then, the process proceeds to the hit number / motion determination process (step S146). In the flowchart shown in FIG. 12, the number of strokes assigned to the variable Beat is determined, and the pause flag flgPause is set to “1” according to the determination result. The pause flag flgPause becomes “1” in the following cases. That is, when the number of strokes is 4 (step S161), when the number of strokes is 2 and the note-on event assigned to the event variable evtMD is (61) or (63) (steps S162 and 163), the number of strokes is 1 and the event variable evtMD Is (61) (steps S164 and 165). When the above conditions are satisfied, “1” is set to the pause flag flgPause (step S166). In this case, if the content of the pause flag flgPause is “1”, it can be seen that the note-on event of channel number 1 indicating the beat timing is read from the automatic performance data 20.
[0034]
If the number of strokes other than the above is specified or a note-on event, the process returns immediately. On the other hand, if the content of the tempo information reception flag flgTmp is “1”, the process proceeds from step S144 shown in FIG. 11 to step S147 to reset the tempo information reception flag flgTmp and return.
[0035]
The above is the event handling processing, but in order to simplify the explanation, in the following, the number of strokes of the automatic performance is specified by the default number of strokes DBEAT (value is 4) and the number of strokes instruction data CBEAT is not read. Assume a case.
Here, the meaning of step S144 shown in FIG. 11 will be described. The determination of “No” means that the tempo control signal PTENPO has not yet been output from the operation element 1 at the timing of the beat, and the operation This is a case where the user is waving the operation element 1 at a tempo slower than the tempo of the automatic performance. In other words, the ritardando (slowly) is instructed. On the other hand, if the determination in step S144 is “Yes”, the tempo control signal PTENPO is output from the operation element 1 at a timing earlier than the beat of the automatic performance, and the accelerando (faster) is instructed. It will be.
Now, returning to FIG. 7, if the determination in step S108 is “No”, the process proceeds to step S109, and the value of the time counter cntTime is rewritten based on the following formula 1.
[0036]
[Expression 1]
cntTime = cntTime × coefTmp
[0037]
In Equation 1, coefTmp (data name “coef” indicates that data is a coefficient) is a tempo coefficient.
Here, since the next event data 22 is read when the value of the time counter cntTime becomes 0 as described above, the next event data 22 is read if it is rewritten to increase this value. Timing is delayed. That is, the automatic performance tempo is slowed down. On the other hand, when the content of the time counter cntTime is rewritten so as to be small, the timing at which the next event data 22 is read out is advanced. That is, the tempo of automatic performance is increased.
As described above, when the tempo coefficient coefTmp is smaller than 1, the music is played at a tempo faster than the current tempo, and when the tempo coefficient coefTmp is larger than 1, the music is played at a tempo slower than the current tempo. .
[0038]
When the process of step S109 is performed, the process proceeds to step S110, and the time counter cntTime is decremented by one.
In the next step S111, the delta time accumulated value cntDlt is incremented by one. Thereafter, in step S112, the tempo control interval cntInt is incremented by one. The delta time accumulated value cntDlt is incremented by 1 in step S111 of the automatic performance data reproduction process (the flowchart of FIG. 7) activated every 1 ms, and is accumulated until the timing of the next beat (FIG. 9). The values immediately before being reset correspond to the length of one beat of the automatic performance at that time.
[0039]
The tempo control interval cntInt is incremented by 1 in step S112 of the automatic performance data reproduction process (the flowchart of FIG. 7) activated every 1 ms. On the other hand, the tempo control signal PTENPO (note of channel number 1) is sent from the operator 1. Since it is reset when ON (61) to (64)) is output (see steps S128 and S139 in FIG. 9), the value immediately before the reset is the length of one beat indicated by the operator. Correspond.
[0040]
Here, the relationship between the delta time accumulated value cntDlt and the tempo control interval cntInt will be described.
FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the tempo control interval cntInt and the delta time accumulated value cntDlt. In the figure, □ indicates the occurrence timing of the note-on event of channel number 1 read from the performance data 20. ◯ indicates the occurrence timing of an event other than channel number 1. In the figure, the timing of the first beat and the second beat of the 4-beat music is shown.
[0041]
Time t₁The tempo control signal PTENPO (channel number 1 key-on event) output from the controller 1 and the channel number 1 key-on event (note number) of the first beat read from the automatic performance data 20 are both ( The timing of 61)) is the same. On the other hand, the timing of the next key-on event (second beat: note number (64) of channel number 1) read from the automatic performance data 20 is the time t._ThreeHowever, the tempo control signal PTENPO (note number is (64)) of the second beat output from the controller 1 has a time t earlier than that.₂Has been generated. In such a relationship, the operator swings the operation element 1 at a tempo faster than the tempo of the automatic performance at that time.
[0042]
On the other hand, when the tempo control interval cntInt is longer than the delta time accumulated value cntDlt, for example, the time t shown in FIG._FourIn addition, when the key-on event (note number is (64)) of the second beat is output from the controller 1, the operator has swung the controller 1 at a tempo slower than the tempo of the automatic performance at that time. means. If the tempo control interval cntInt and the delta time accumulated value cntDlt are the same, the operator swings the operator 1 according to the tempo of the automatic performance at that time.
[0043]
Here, the pause flag flgPause described above will be described. When the key-on event of channel number 1 is read from the automatic performance data 20, the key-on event of channel number 1 has not been output from the controller 1 yet. (For example, between times t3 and t4 in FIG. 8), the content of the pause flag flgPause becomes “1”, and the automatic performance is paused. In this case, the process of step S102 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7 is returned immediately without proceeding to the event response process S106, so that the performance is paused.
[0044]
Next, when the processing up to step S112 shown in FIG. 7 is completed, tempo key-on processing is performed in step S113. This process is a process for the tempo control signal PTENPO event output from the operator 1. Hereinafter, the tempo key-on process will be described with reference to FIG.
First, when the tempo control signal PTENPO is output from the operation element 1, the content (note-on event of channel number 1) is substituted into the event variable evtTmp. In step S121, it is determined whether the tempo control signal PTENPO is received from the contents of the event variable evtTmp. If this is “Yes”, the process proceeds to the next step S122. If “No”, this process is terminated, and the process returns to the automatic performance data reproduction process shown in FIG.
[0045]
Next, in step S122, the state of the pause flag flgPause is determined. If the content is "1", the process proceeds to step S123. The fact that the content of the pause flag flgPause is “1” means that the process has passed through step S166. To that end, it is necessary to set “No” in step S144 shown in FIG. That is, this is a case where the operator swings the operation element 1 at a tempo slower than the tempo of the automatic performance, and instructs a ritardando (slowly).
Next, in step S123, it is determined whether or not the contents of the event variable evtMD match the event variable evtTmp. If they do not match, the following processing is skipped and the process returns immediately.
[0046]
Here, the meaning of the process of step S123 will be described. In the event variable evtMD, the note-on event of channel number 1 read from the automatic performance data 20 in step S145 shown in FIG.
At the present time, since the initial performance number DBEAT is “4” and the automatic performance data that has not been changed is being processed, the event variable evtMD has a note-on event (61) at the timing of the first beat. The note-on events (64), (62), and (63) are substituted at the second, third, and fourth beat timings, respectively. On the other hand, since the operator swings the operation element 1 in a manner corresponding to the number of strokes 4 in FIG. 3, the contents of the tempo control signal PTENPO output at the first, second, third and fourth beats are respectively note-on events ( 61), (64), (62), and (63).
[0047]
That is, the process of step S123 is a process of canceling a case where a swinging method other than the swinging method corresponding to the beat is performed. By this processing, the correspondence between the beat timing of the automatic performance data 20 and the way of swinging the operation element 1 (see FIG. 3) is taken.
If the determination in step S123 is “Yes”, the process proceeds to step S124, and the tempo coefficient ratio rateTmp is obtained from the following equation 2 from each value of the delta time accumulated value cntDlt and the tempo control interval cntInt.
[0048]
[Expression 2]
rateTmp = cntInt / cntDlt
[0049]
Based on the tempo coefficient ratio rateTmp obtained from the above equation 2, a new tempo coefficient coefTmp is obtained from the following equation 3 in step S125. If the delta time accumulated value cntDlt and the tempo control interval cntInt are the same value, the tempo coefficient ratio does not change and the tempo of the song is maintained.
[0050]
[Equation 3]
coefTmp = coefTmp × rateTmp
[0051]
When the tempo coefficient coefTmp is updated in step S125, the tempo coefficient coefTmp is limited in the next step S126. Here, the limit processing is processing for limiting the tempo coefficient coefTmp to the lower limit value when the tempo set by the tempo coefficient coefTmp exceeds the slowest tempo that can be controlled by the automatic performance device.
When the above tempo coefficient limit processing is completed, “0” is set to the accumulated delta time value cntDlt and the tempo control interval cntInt (steps S127 and 128), and the pause flag flgPause is reset to “0” (step S129). ) End the tempo key-on process.
[0052]
On the other hand, when the pause flag flgPause is “0” in step S122, when the tempo control signal PTENPO is output from the operator 1, the key-on event of the channel number 1 corresponding to the next beat from the automatic performance data 20 is output. Is not read (time t2 to t3 in FIG. 8; when the accelerando is instructed), the automatic performance data 20 is pre-readed and the key-on event of channel number 1 to be read next is read.
[0053]
In the next step S131, the note-on event of the automatic performance data 20 searched in step S130, the one assigned to the event variable evtMD and the one output from the operator 1 and assigned to the event variable evtTmp match. Determine whether to do. If this is Yes, it will progress to the following step S132, and if it is No, this process will be complete | finished and it will return to the said automatic performance data reproduction process. The process in step S131 has the same meaning as the process in step S123 described above.
Next, in step S132, the calculation represented by Equation 4 is executed.
[0054]
[Expression 4]
cntDlt = cntDlt + coefTmp (cntTime + DT)
[0055]
Here, DT is the delta time dt from the current automatic performance event position to the next channel number 1 key-on event assigned to the event variable evtMD.₁, Dt₂, ..., dt_n(See FIG. 10).
By the processing of Equation 4, the time interval for one beat along the tempo of the current automatic performance is substituted into the counter cntDlt.
When the above process ends, the process proceeds to the next step S133.
[0056]
In step S133, each delta time dt constituting the DT shown in FIG.₁, Dt₂, ..., dt_nMultiply each of cntTime by an appropriate constant less than 1, and change each value so that the next event can be read quickly.
In the next step S134, "1" is set to the tempo information reception flag flgTmp. By looking at the contents of the tempo information reception flag flgTmp, it can be determined whether or not the tempo control signal PTENPO corresponding to the beat is received earlier than the beat timing of the automatic performance data 20. If the content of the tempo information reception flag flgTmp is “1”, it can be understood that the operator has instructed the accelerand.
[0057]
The processing from step S135 to step S139 after step S134 is completed is the same as the processing from step S124 to step S128 described above. That is, setting of the tempo coefficient ratio rateTmp (step S135), updating of the tempo coefficient coefTmp (step S136), limit processing of the tempo coefficient coefTmp (step S137), clearing of the delta time accumulated value cntDlt and the tempo control interval cntInt (step S138, 139).
When the above processing is completed, the tempo key-on processing is terminated, and the process returns to the automatic performance data reproduction processing shown in FIG.
[0058]
In summary, if the operator takes the tempo at the same speed as the tempo of the automatic performance using the operator 1, the accumulated delta time value cntDlt is equal to the tempo control interval cntInt, and step S125 ( Alternatively, the tempo coefficient coefTmp calculated in step S136) maintains the previous value. Accordingly, the time counter cntTime is not rewritten in step S109 shown in FIG. 7, and the previous tempo is maintained. The automatic performance is continued without being paused.
If the speed at which the operator swings the control 1 is faster than the tempo of automatic performance, the tempo control interval cntInt becomes smaller than the delta time accumulated value cntDlt, and the tempo coefficient coefTmp calculated in step S136 becomes smaller. . As a result, in step S109 shown in FIG. 7, the value of the time counter cntTime is rewritten to be small, and the tempo of automatic performance is increased.
[0059]
On the other hand, if the speed at which the operator swings the control 1 is slower than the tempo of the automatic performance, the tempo control interval cntInt becomes larger than the delta time accumulated value cntDlt. Therefore, the tempo coefficient coefTmp calculated in step S125 is increased. As a result, in step S109 shown in FIG. 7, the value of the time counter cntTime is greatly rewritten, and the tempo of automatic performance is slowed down. In this case, since “1” is set to the pause flag flgPause in step S166 of FIG. 12, in the automatic performance data reproduction process shown in FIG. Since the process does not go through the process (step S106), the automatic performance is temporarily stopped. After that, when the tempo control signal PTENPO is output from the operator 1, the process proceeds to S125 via steps S121 → S122 → S123 → S124 shown in FIG. 9, where the tempo coefficient coefTmp is rewritten to a large value. Thereafter, the temporary stop flag flgPause is reset through step S129, and automatic performance is resumed again. After this restart, in step S109, the value of the time counter cntTime has been rewritten to a large value, so that the tempo of automatic performance is slowed down.
As described above, the tempo of the automatic performance is controlled in accordance with the tempo at which the operator swings the operator 1.
[0060]
(3) When the batting instruction data CBEAT is read during the song
The operation example described above is an example in which the value of the initial stroke number DBEAT is not changed after the value of the initial stroke number DBEAT is read from the automatic performance data 20, but in this embodiment, the stroke number instruction data CBEAT embedded in the automatic performance data 20 is used. Each time is read, the number of strokes is changed.
[0061]
If the number-of-stroke instruction data CBEAT is read and its value is “2”, “Yes” is obtained in step S162 shown in FIG. 12, and the process of step S163 is performed. That is, the pause flag flgPause is set only when the note-on event embedded at the timing of the first beat and the third beat is read, and the second and fourth beats are unquestioned. Also, in steps S123 and S131 shown in FIG. 9, the tempo control signal PTENPO other than the first and third beat operations (1) and (3) is ignored, so the tempo of the automatic performance is lowered. It will be controlled by swinging up. That is, it is controlled by the manner of swinging 2 in FIG.
Further, in the calculation of the tempo coefficient ratio rateTmp in step S124 or step S135, each of the accumulated delta time value cntDlt and the tempo control interval cntInt indicates a time interval of 2 beats.
[0062]
On the other hand, if the value of the read batting instruction data CBEAT is “1”, “Yes” is obtained in step S164 shown in FIG. 12, and the process of step S165 is performed. In other words, the pause flag flgPause is set only when the note-on event embedded at the timing of the first beat is read, and other beats are unquestioned. Also, in steps S123 and S131 shown in FIG. 9, the tempo control signal PTENPO other than the first beat operation (1) is ignored, so that the automatic performance tempo is controlled only by swinging down. That is, it is controlled by the way of swinging the number of strokes 1 in FIG.
[0063]
Further, in the calculation of the tempo coefficient ratio rateTmp in step S124 or step S135, each value of the accumulated delta time value cntDlt and the tempo control interval cntInt indicates a time interval of 4 beats.
As described above, in this embodiment, the number of strokes at the time of tempo can be freely changed by embedding the number-of-batches instruction data CBEAT in an appropriate position of the automatic performance data 20.
Here, FIG. 13 shows an example in which the first bar is set to 2 for the number of strokes and the second bar and the subsequent bars are set to 4 for the number of strokes. In this way, it is possible to arbitrarily set the number of strokes to take a tempo at an appropriate position of the song.
[0064]
(4) When the operator presses the button SW to instruct the number of strokes
Next, an operation when the operator presses the button SW (see FIG. 1 or FIG. 4) will be described. The buttons SW, SW... Are provided corresponding to the number of strokes 1, the number of strokes 2, the number of strokes 3, and the number of strokes 4, respectively. When any button SW is pressed, data PBEAT is output from the operator 1 as the number of strokes indicating the number of strokes corresponding to the button. This number-of-bats designation data PBEAT is inserted into the automatic performance data 20 shown in FIG. 2 (see the broken line in FIG. 2). As an insertion method, there is a method of inserting immediately after the event being processed at the time when the hit number designation data PBEAT is output, or inserting it at the position of the next beat or the start position of the next measure. What is necessary is just to set suitably, and you may enable it to select the insertion method by operation of button SW of the operation element 1. FIG.
As described above, the number-of-bats designation data PBEAT inserted into the automatic performance data 20 is read in the event handling process, and is processed in the same manner as in the case of the number-of-bats instruction data CBEAT as shown in step S142 in FIG. And assigned to the variable Beat.
When the performance data 20 is inserted into the automatic performance data 20 in the RAM 202 in this manner, the performance data 20 can be transferred to the HDD 206 or written to a storage medium using the external storage device 207 after the performance is completed. It is possible to store and record the automatic performance data 20 for which the player has controlled the number of strokes.
Further, as described above, when the button SW is pressed to output the batting number designation data PBEAT, it is possible to instruct the batting number change in addition to the batting number instruction data CBEAT embedded in the automatic performance data 20, and the batting number Even if the instruction data CBEAT is not embedded, the number of strokes can be changed.
In addition, there are the following modes for the hit number instruction by the operation of the operation element 1.
First, as a flag indicating whether or not the stroke number designation data PBEAT is output from the operator 1, the stroke number reception flag flgPBEAT is set. If this flag is "1", the stroke number designation data PBEAT is output from the operator 1. If "0", control is performed such that the stroke number designation data PBEAT is not output from the operation element 1. When such control is performed, when the stroke number designation data PBEAT is output from the operator 1, the stroke number reception flag flgPBEAT is set to "1", and it can be known that the stroke number designation data PBEAT has been output. Then, in the event handling process, steps Sa and Sb indicated by broken lines in FIG. 11 are added, and if the striking information reception flag flgPBEAT is “1”, the value of the striking designation data PBEAT output from the operator 1 is set to the variable Beat. (Step Sa → Sb → S143), even if the batting number instruction data CBEAT or the batting number designation data PBEAT is read from the automatic performance data 20, this is not adopted.
On the other hand, if the batting information reception flag flgPBEAT is “0”, the determination in step S141 is performed. If this is Yes, the process proceeds to step S142 and the batting instruction data CBEAT or batting number designation data read from the automatic performance data 20 is obtained. PBEAT is substituted for the variable Beat (steps Sa → S141 → S142).
Further, as described in the embodiment, the initial value of the number of strokes is determined by the stroke number initial value data DBEAT written in the automatic performance data 20, but the stroke number designation data PBEAT is output from the operator 1 before the performance. In this case, the initial striking value data DBEAT may be rewritten with the value of the striking number designation data PBEAT. In this case, rewriting is performed only when the value of the hit number designation data PBEAT is a valid value, and is not rewritten when the value is invalid (for example, “3” when the time is 4).
Further, a special numerical value such as “0” is provided for the button SW of the operation element 1 and when this button is pressed, the value rewritten based on the strike number designation data PBEAT is set as the default (value of the strike number initial value data DBEAT ). Further, it may be returned to the default by a combination of how to press the button SW. In this case, when rewriting the initial striking value data DBEAT, the value of the initial striking value data DBEAT is stored in a predetermined storage area of the RAM 202, and when it is instructed to return to the default, the value of the storage area is changed. The automatic performance data 20 may be written.
[0065]
(5) In case of 3 beats
The above description has been made for a 4-beat music piece, but the operation is similar to the above for other time signatures. For example, FIG. 14 shows the number of strokes / motion discrimination process (step S146) in the case of 3 beats. In step S151 shown in the figure, it is determined whether or not the content of the variable Beat is “3”. If “Yes”, the pause flag flgPause is set in step S154. If the content of the variable Beat is “1”, the process proceeds to steps S151 → S152 → S153, and it is determined whether or not the content of the event variable evtMD corresponds to the first beat (61). If this determination is “Yes”, the pause flag flgPause is set in step S154.
[0066]
The other processing is the same as in the case of 4-beat, so that if the content of the variable Beat is “3”, the tempo is taken for each beat of the 3-beat, and 1 if the content of the variable Beat is “1”. The tempo is taken only by the beat. The manner of swinging the operation element 1 corresponds to the number of strokes 3 and the number of strokes 1 shown in FIG. Here, FIG. 15 shows an example of a three-beat tune, but the first measure has three strokes and the second and subsequent bars have one stroke.
By the way, since step S146 has processing contents corresponding to the time signature, a plurality of steps corresponding to various time signatures are prepared, and processing corresponding to the time signature read from the automatic performance data 20 is selected. If the time signature changes in the middle of the song, the number of strokes / motion discriminating process corresponding to the changed time signature is selected at that time.
[0067]
(Outline of the embodiment)
The outline of the apparatus according to the above-described embodiment is summarized as follows.
“An operator that detects the state of motion when moved by an operator,
The tempo control signal indicating the timing for taking the tempo of the music from the motion state detected by the operator includes identification information (note number in the embodiment) for identifying the type of motion (how to swing in the embodiment). Tempo control signal generating means for generating
A batting number setting means for setting the batting number indicating how many times the tempo of the song should be taken within the measure based on the batting number instruction information;
Automatic performance means for generating a performance signal based on the automatic performance data,
The automatic performance data includes timing information embedded with identification information for identifying the type of exercise at a position where the tempo of the song is taken,
The automatic performance means selects the type of the identification information based on the number of strokes set by the number of strokes setting means, the interval of the timing information having the selected identification information, and the tempo control signal having the selected identification information An automatic performance device that compares intervals and determines the tempo of automatic performance according to the comparison result. "
Further, in the above-described embodiment, even if the tempo information indicating the tempo of the song is not included in the automatic performance data, the music performance device 2 outputs the tempo output from the operation element 1 before the automatic performance is started. The initial tempo can be set by recognizing the interval of the control signal PTENPO.
[0068]
C: Modification
(1) In the embodiment described above, the direction in which the operating element 1 is swung is detected, and the data corresponding to the direction in which the operating element 1 is swung is embedded in the beat position of the automatic performance data 20. The tempo control is performed while recognizing the above, but the tempo control can be performed without regard to the operation direction of the operation element 1. For example, the operation element 1 may be formed in a flat plate shape, and it may be detected by a piezoelectric sensor or the like that it has been hit by an operator, and the tempo may be controlled based on the detection timing interval. In this case, the interval of one beat of the automatic performance may be calculated by embedding data at the position of the beat timing of the automatic performance data 20 as in the above-described embodiment and calculating the time interval of the data. The control of the number of strokes when such a configuration is adopted can be performed in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment. For example, if the number of strokes is 4 in 4 beats, the detection timing interval of the piezoelectric sensor is recognized as 1 beat. Similarly, if the number of strokes is 2, it can be recognized as 2 beats, and if the number of strokes is 1, it can be recognized as 4 beats.
[0069]
The outline in the case of the above aspect is as follows.
“An operator that detects the state of motion when moved by an operator,
Tempo control signal output means for generating and outputting a tempo control signal indicating the timing for taking the tempo of the music from the motion state detected by the operator;
A batting number setting means for setting the batting number indicating how many times the tempo of the song should be taken within the measure based on the batting number instruction information;
The performance signal is generated based on the automatic performance data, and the timing interval corresponding to the number of strokes set by the stroke number setting means is obtained from the timing information interval embedded in the position where the tempo of the automatic performance data is taken. Automatic performance means for comparing the tempo control signal generation interval and determining the tempo of the automatic performance according to the comparison result;
An automatic performance device comprising: "
[0070]
The beat length of the automatic performance may be obtained from information indicating the tempo of the song. Furthermore, when the bar line information is embedded in the automatic performance signal 20, the beat length may be calculated from the interval of the bar line information (for example, if the time signature is four, the quarter of the bar line information interval may be calculated. Is calculated as 1 beat).
In this case, “timing information embedded at a position where the tempo of the automatic performance data is taken” is not necessary. In short, there are various ways of obtaining the length of the beat (one beat or a plurality of beats) of the automatic performance based on the automatic performance data.
[0071]
(2) In the above-described embodiment, the operator can arbitrarily designate the number of strokes by using the button SW (see FIG. 4) for designating the number of strokes. However, an operation restriction may be added to this button SW. For example, a button operation other than designating the number of strokes 1, 2, and 4 may be invalidated if the time signature is 4, and a button operation other than designating the number of strokes 1, 2, and 3 may be invalidated if the time signature is 3, For an effective button SW, the button itself or an LED provided in the vicinity of the button may be lit. In order to perform such control, a signal indicating a time signature is supplied from the musical sound performance device 2 to the operation element 1 side, and the operation element 1 receives a signal indicating a time signature and invalidates which button operation. You just have to decide. In this case, information indicating the time signature may be read from the automatic performance data 20.
If comprised as mentioned above, there exists an effect which can prevent misoperation. This is especially effective when the time signature changes in the middle of a song.
[0072]
(3) In the above-described embodiment, the number of strokes is changed by the number-of-batches instruction data CBEAT embedded in the automatic performance data 20. In order to make the operator aware of the timing when the number of strokes is changed, Or the like may be generated (or displayed). Pronunciation can be easily realized by embedding voice data in the automatic performance data 20, and character data may be embedded for display. If the voice data or character data is transferred to the operation element 1 and the operation element 1 receives the voice data or character data, the operation element 1 can also generate sound and display.
[0073]
(4) In the embodiment described above, the number of strokes is set in units of one measure, but the number of strokes may be set in units of two measures or more. Also, the time signature is not limited to four time signatures and three time signatures, and arbitrary time signatures can be set.
[0074]
(5) Control based on how the operator 1 is swung may be added. For example, the threshold value t for the angular velocities vX and vY_X1, T_Y1, T_X2, T_Y2, T_X3, T_Y3, T_X4, T_Y4May be changed and changed according to the number of strokes. By doing this, it is possible to perform control such that the threshold value is reduced when the number of strokes is large and the tempo can be instructed even with a fine operation.
[0075]
(6) Data indicating the tempo changed by the operator operating the operating element 1 may be embedded in the automatic performance data 20. As a result, the automatic performance data 20 becomes a song having a tempo desired by the operator.
[0076]
(7) For the X sensor 106 and the Y sensor 107 in the above-described embodiment, a speed sensor that senses the speed may be used. In short, a sensor that can detect the direction of the swing may be used.
[0077]
(8) Although the shape of the operation element 1 is a shape of a command bar that can be grasped with one hand in the present embodiment, this is arbitrary. For example, it may be shaped like a castanet and the operator may tap it to take the tempo, or it may be attached to the operator's body and perform tempo control in accordance with gesture gestures.
[0078]
(9) The number of strokes may be changed according to the change in tempo. It is also possible to prepare several thresholds for the tempo, and control the number of strokes to be 2 when entering the tempo of the music, and 1 when entering the other region.
[0079]
(10) The tempo control signal PTENPO output from the operator 1 may be created on the musical tone performance apparatus 2 side. That is, the operation element 1 is configured to output the output signals of the X sensor 106 and the Y sensor 107 as they are, and the process of creating the tempo control signal PTENPO from these signals is performed on the musical tone performance apparatus 2 side. It may be taken.
[0080]
(11) The musical tone performance device 2 in the embodiment includes a ROM 201, a RAM 202, a CPU 203, a timer 204, an HDD 206, a display unit 208, and the like, which have the same configuration as a general computer. Therefore, the same device can be configured not only by a device dedicated to the musical tone performance device 2 but also by reading a program that causes a general computer to perform the same operation as the musical tone performance device 2. In addition, a recording medium in which this program is recorded can be created and distributed for wider use.
[0081]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to perform tempo control with improved operability by changing the number of strokes.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing automatic performance data used in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing how an operator takes a tempo in the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an appearance of an operation element 1 in the same embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state where the operator is waving the operator 1 in the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of tempo control signal output processing in the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of automatic performance data reproduction processing in the embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a relationship between a tempo control interval cntInt and a delta time accumulated value cntDlt in the same embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of tempo key-on processing in the embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a specific method of calculating a delta time accumulated value cntDlt in the embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart of event handling processing in the embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a flowchart of the number-of-strokes / motion discrimination process in the case of 4/4 time signature in the embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of changing the number of beats of 4/4 time in the same embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a flowchart of the number-of-strokes / motion discrimination process in the case of 3/4 time in the embodiment.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of changing the number of beats of 3/4 time in the same embodiment;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Controller, 20 ... Automatic performance data, 103 ... CPU (tempo control signal output means), 105 ... Number-of-bats designation part (input means), 203 ... CPU (automatic performance means, number-of-bats setting means), DBEAT ... Number of strokes initial value Data (battage instruction information), CBEAT ... battage instruction data (battage instruction information), PBEAT ... battage designation data (battage instruction information), PTENPO ... tempo control signal.

Claims (5)

An operator for detecting a movement state when moved by an operator;
A tempo control signal output means for generating a tempo control signal indicating a timing for taking the tempo of the music from the motion state detected by the operator;
A batting number setting means for setting the batting number indicating how many times the tempo of the song should be taken within the measure based on the batting number instruction information;
The performance signal is generated based on the automatic performance data including timing information for taking the tempo of the automatic performance , and the number of strokes set by the number of strokes setting means among the timing embedded in the position where the tempo of the automatic performance data is taken An automatic performance apparatus comprising: an automatic performance means for comparing an interval of timing determined by the tempo control signal generation interval and determining an automatic performance tempo according to the comparison result. The tempo control signal output means, when the movement state detected by the operator is classified into a plurality of types of the same number as the maximum value that can be set as the number of strokes,
The movement state detected by the operator is specified as one of the plurality of types, and the tempo control signal including identification information indicating the specified type is generated,
The automatic performance data includes, for each position corresponding to the timing of taking the tempo of the automatic performance, identification information indicating which of the plurality of types is the exercise state at the timing,
The automatic performance means has identification information indicating a type used in the number of strokes set by the stroke number setting means of the plurality of types among timings of beats embedded at a position where the tempo of the automatic performance data is taken. The timing interval corresponding to the included position is compared with the generation interval of the tempo control signal whose type indicated by the identification information is the type used in the number of strokes set by the number-of-strokes setting means. Item 2. The automatic performance device according to Item 1.   2. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hit number instruction information is embedded in the automatic performance data.   2. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein the hit number instruction information is input by an input means operated by an operator. On the computer,
A function for setting the number of strokes indicating how many times the tempo of a song should be taken within a measure based on the number of strokes instruction information;
A function of receiving a tempo control signal indicating the timing for taking the tempo of the song;
A timing determined by the set number of strokes among timing embedded in a position where the tempo of the automatic performance data is taken , while generating a performance signal based on automatic performance data including timing information of the tempo of the automatic performance And a function for determining an automatic performance tempo according to the comparison result.

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