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JP4466902B2 - Nickel alloy sputtering target - Google Patents
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JP4466902B2 - Nickel alloy sputtering target - Google Patents

Nickel alloy sputtering target Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4466902B2
JP4466902B2 JP2003004685A JP2003004685A JP4466902B2 JP 4466902 B2 JP4466902 B2 JP 4466902B2 JP 2003004685 A JP2003004685 A JP 2003004685A JP 2003004685 A JP2003004685 A JP 2003004685A JP 4466902 B2 JP4466902 B2 JP 4466902B2
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Prior art keywords
nickel alloy
film
sputtering target
alloy sputtering
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JP2004217967A (en
Inventor
康廣 山越
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Nippon Mining Holdings Inc
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Nippon Mining and Metals Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003004685A priority Critical patent/JP4466902B2/en
Priority to CNA2003801085083A priority patent/CN1735707A/en
Priority to US10/540,638 priority patent/US20060037680A1/en
Priority to KR1020057012585A priority patent/KR100660731B1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2003/012777 priority patent/WO2004063420A1/en
Priority to TW092128062A priority patent/TWI227279B/en
Publication of JP2004217967A publication Critical patent/JP2004217967A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/34Sputtering
    • C23C14/3407Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
    • C23C14/3414Metallurgical or chemical aspects of target preparation, e.g. casting, powder metallurgy
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/54Controlling or regulating the coating process

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、熱的に安定なシリサイド(NiSi)膜の形成が可能であり、またターゲットへの塑性加工性が良好である、特にゲート電極材料(薄膜)の製造に有用なニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット及びその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、ゲート電極材料としてサリサイドプロセスによるNiSi膜の利用が注目されている。ニッケルはコバルトに比べてサリサイドプロセスによるシリコンの消費量か少なくシリサイド膜を形成することができるという特徴がある。また、NiSiはコバルトシリサイド膜と同様に、配線の微細化による細線抵抗の上昇が起り難いという特徴がある。
このようなことから、ゲート電極材料として高価なコバルトに替えてニッケルを使用することが考えられる。
しかし、NiSiの場合は、より安定相であるNiSiへ相転移し易く、界面ラフネスの悪化と高抵抗化する問題がある。また、膜の凝集や過剰なシリサイド化が起り易いという問題もある。
【0003】
従来、ニッケルシリサイド等の膜を用いるものとして、NiあるいはCo膜の上にTiNなどの金属化合物膜をキャップしてアニールすることによって、シリサイド膜形成時に酸素と反応して絶縁膜を形成してしまうことを防止する技術がある。この場合、酸素とNiが反応して凹凸のある絶縁膜が形成されるのを防ぐために、TiNが使用されている。
凹凸が小さいとNiSi膜とソース/ドレイン拡散層の接合までの距離が長くなるので、接合リークを抑制できるとされている。他にキャップ膜としてはTiC、TiW、TiB、WB、WC、BN、AlN、Mg、CaN、Ge、TaN、TbNi、VB、VC、ZrN、ZrBなどが示されている(特許文献1参照)。
【0004】
また従来技術では、NiSiはシリサイド材料中でも非常に酸化され易くNiSi膜とSi基板との界面領域には凹凸が大きく形成され、接合リークが生じるという問題があることが指摘されている。
この場合、Ni膜上にキャップ膜としてTiN膜をスパッタし、かつこれを熱処理することによりNiSi膜の表面を窒化させる提案がなされている。これによってNiSiが酸化されるのを防ぎ、凹凸の形成を抑制することを目的としている。
しかし、TiNをNi上に堆積して形成したNiSi上の窒化膜は薄いため、バリア性を長時間保つことは難しいという問題がある。
そこで窒素ガスを添加した混合ガス(2.5〜10%)雰囲気中でシリサイド膜を形成することにより、シリサイド膜のラフネスを40nm以下、粒径200nm以上とする提案がある。さらにNi上にTi、W、TiNx、WNxのうち一つをキャップすることが望ましいとする。
この場合、窒素ガスを含まないアルゴンガスのみでNiをスパッタし、続いてTiNのキャップ膜をスパッタした後、NイオンをNi膜中にイオン注入することでによってNi膜中にNを添加してもよいということが示されている(特許文献2参照)。
【0005】
また、従来技術として半導体装置とその製造方法が開示され、第一金属:Co、Ni、Pt又はPdと、第二金属:Ti、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta又はCrの組合せが記述されている。実施例では、Co−Tiの組合せがある。
コバルトは、チタンに比べてシリコン酸化膜を還元させる能力が低く、コバルトを堆積する際にシリコン基板やポリシリコン膜表面に存在する自然酸化膜が存在する場合はシリサイド反応が阻害される。さらに耐熱性がチタニウムシリサイド膜より劣り、サリサイドプロセス終了後の層間膜用のシリコン酸化膜の堆積時の熱で、コバルトダイシリサイド(CoSi)膜が凝集して抵抗が上昇してしまう問題があるということが示されている(特許文献3参照)。
【0006】
また、従来技術として、「半導体装置の製造方法」の開示があり、サリサイド形成の際のオーバーグロースによる短絡を防止するために、コバルトあるいはニッケルにチタン、ジルコニウム、タンタル、モリブデン、ニオブ、ハフニウム及びタングステンより選択された金属との非晶質合金層を形成する技術が示されている。この場合、コバルトの含有量50〜75at%、Ni40Zr60の実施例があるが、非晶質膜とするために合金の含有量が多い(特許文献4参照)。
【0007】
【特許文献1】
特開平7−38104号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平9−153616号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平11−204791号公報(USP5989988)
【特許文献4】
特開平5−94966号公報
【0008】
上記のように、開示されている従来技術については、いずれも成膜プロセスに関するものでありスパッタリングターゲットに関するものではない。
また、従来の高純度ニッケルとしては、ガス成分を除いて〜4N程度であり酸素は100ppm程度と高いものであった。
このような従来のニッケルを基としたニッケル合金ターゲットを作製したところ、塑性加工性が悪く品質の良いターゲットを作製することが出来なかった。またスパッタの際にパーティクルが多く、ユニフォーミティも良くないという問題があった。
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、熱的に安定なシリサイド(NiSi)膜の形成が可能であり、膜の凝集や過剰なシリサイド化が起り難く、またスパッタ膜の形成に際してパーティクルの発生が少なく、ユニフォーミティも良好であり、さらにターゲットへの塑性加工性に富む、特にゲート電極材料(薄膜)の製造に有用なニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット及びその製造技術を提供することを目的としたものである。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記問題点を解決するため、高純度ニッケルに特殊な金属元素を添加することにより、熱的に安定したシリサイド(NiSi)成膜が可能であり、スパッタリングの際にパーティクルの発生が少なく、ユニフォーミティも良好であり、さらに塑性加工性に富むターゲットを製造できるとの知見を得た。
【0011】
この知見に基づき、本発明は
1.ニッケルにタンタルを0.5〜10at%含有することを特徴とするニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット
2.ニッケルにタンタルを1〜5at%含有することを特徴とするニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット
3.ガス成分を除く不可避不純物が100wtppm以下であることを特徴とする上記1〜2に記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット
4.ガス成分を除く不可避不純物が10wtppm以下であることを特徴とする上記1〜2に記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット
5.酸素が50wtppm以下、窒素、水素及び炭素がそれぞれ10wtppm以下であることを特徴とする上記1〜4のそれぞれに記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット
6.酸素が10wtppm以下であることを特徴とする上記1〜5のそれぞれに記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット
7.ターゲットの初透磁率が50以上であることを特徴とする上記1〜6のそれぞれに記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット
8.ターゲットの最大透磁率が100以上であることを特徴とする上記1〜7のそれぞれに記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット
9.ターゲットの平均結晶粒径が80μm以下であることを特徴とする上記1〜8に記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット
10.再結晶温度〜950°Cで最終熱処理を行うことを特徴とする上記1〜9のそれぞれに記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲットの製造方法
を提供するものである。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のターゲットは、粗Ni(〜4N程度)を電解精製にて、金属不純物成分を除去したのち、EB溶解にてさらに精製して高純度ニッケルインゴットとし、このインゴットと高純度タンタルを真空溶解して高純度ニッケル合金インゴットを作製する。
真空溶解に際しては、水冷銅製坩堝を用いたコールドクルーシブル溶解法が適している。この合金インゴットを鍛造、圧延などの工程で板状にして、最終的に再結晶温度(約500°C)〜950°Cで熱処理することによりターゲットを作製する。この代表的な高純度ニッケルターゲットの分析値を表1に示す。
【0013】
【表1】

Figure 0004466902
【0014】
タンタルの添加量は0.5〜10at%、より好ましくは1〜5at%とする。添加量が少なすぎると、ニッケル合金層の熱安定が向上しない。添加量か多すぎると、膜抵抗が大きくなりすぎて適当でないばかりか、金属間化合物の量が多くなり塑性加工が困難となって、スパッタ時のパーティクルも多くなるという問題がある。
本発明のタンタル添加ニッケル合金を用いてスパッタリングし、さらにこのスパッタ成膜を窒素雰囲気中で加熱した後、XRD回折法により結晶構造の変化温度を測定したところ、タンタルの添加により50〜90°Cの相変化温度が向上し、明らかな熱安定性が確認できた。
【0015】
スパッタリングの際のパーティクル発生を減少させ、ユニフォーミティを良好にするために、ガス成分を除く不可避不純物を100wtppm以下とすることが望ましい。より好ましくはガス成分を除く不可避不純物を10wtppm以下とする。
また、ガス成分もパーティクル発生を増加させる要因となるので、酸素50wtppm以下、より好ましくは10wtppm以下、窒素、水素及び炭素をそれぞれ10wtppm以下とするのが望ましい。
【0016】
ターゲットの初透磁率が50以上(好ましくは100程度)、さらには最大透磁率100以上にすることがスパッタ特性に対して重要である。
再結晶温度以上(約500°C)〜950°Cで最終熱処理を行い実質的な再結晶組織とする。熱処理温度が500°C未満であると十分な再結晶組織が得られない。また、透磁率及び最大透磁率の向上も無い。
本発明のターゲットにおいては、多少の未再結晶の存在は特性に影響しないが、多量の存在は好ましくない。ターゲットの平均結晶粒径が80μm以下であることが望ましい。
950°Cを超える最終熱処理は、平均結晶粒径を粗大化させるので好ましくない。平均結晶粒径が粗大化すると、結晶粒径のばらつきが大きくなり、ユニフォーミティの低下となる。
【0017】
【実施例及び比較例】
次に、本発明の実施例について説明する。なお、本実施例はあくまで一例であり、この例に制限されるものではない。すなわち、本発明の技術思想の範囲内で、実施例以外の態様あるいは変形を全て包含するものである。
【0018】
(実施例1−1〜実施例3−2)
粗Ni(〜4N程度)を電解精製にて、金属不純物成分を除去したのち、EB溶解にてさらに精製して高純度ニッケルインゴットとし、このインゴットと高純度タンタルを真空溶解して高純度ニッケル合金インゴットを作製した。真空溶解に際しては、水冷銅製坩堝を用いたコールドクルーシブル溶解法を用いた。
この合金インゴットを鍛造、圧延などの工程で板状にして、最終的に500〜950°Cで熱処理することによりターゲットを作製した。
ターゲットの製造条件であるTa量、純度、酸素含有量、熱処理温度の条件並びにターゲット及び成膜特性である初透磁率、最大透磁率、平均結晶粒径、結晶粒径のばらつき、パーティクル量、ユニフォーミティを表2に示す。
表2に示すように、実施例1シリーズはTa量が1.68at%、実施例2シリーズはTa量が3.48at%、実施例3シリーズはTa量が7.50at%である。
【0019】
【表2】
Figure 0004466902
【0020】
Ta量、純度、酸素含有量、熱処理温度の条件が本発明の範囲にある実施例1−1〜1−3、実施例2−1〜2−4、実施例3−1〜3−2は、初透磁率50以上、最大透磁率100以上、平均結晶粒径80μm以下、結晶粒径のばらつきが小さく、パーティクル量(0.3μm以上/in)も少なく、ユニフォーミティ(%、3σ)も小さな値となっている。
そして、本実施例のタンタル添加ニッケル合金を用いてスパッタリングし、さらにこのスパッタ成膜を窒素雰囲気中で加熱した後、XRD回折法により結晶構造の変化温度を測定したところ、タンタルの添加により50〜90°Cの相変化温度が向上した。これによって、明らかな熱安定性が確認できた。
なお、実施例1−1、実施例1−2、実施例2−1については、熱処理温度がやや低いために、未再結晶組織があったが、存在量が少ないために、特性に影響を与えることはなかった。
【0021】
(比較例1−1〜3−2)
上記実施例と製造工程は同様とし、Ta添加量は同一であるが、表2に示すように純度、酸素含有量、熱処理温度の条件を変えてターゲットを製造した。これによるターゲット及び成膜特性である初透磁率、最大透磁率、平均結晶粒径、結晶粒径のばらつき、パーティクル量、ユニフォーミティを測定及び観察した。
なお、実施例と同様に、比較例1シリーズはTa量が1.68at%、比較例2シリーズはTa量が3.48at%、比較例3シリーズはTa量が7.50at%である。
この結果、比較例1−1及び1−2は酸素量が多く、純度が低いために、パーティクルの発生が多いという問題があった。比較例1−3及び1−4については熱処理温度が低く過ぎるため、初透磁率及び最大透磁率の向上がなく、また再結晶しないか又は未再結晶組織が多量に存在した。
比較例1−5は最終熱処理温度が高すぎ、平均結晶粒径が粗大化し、ばらつきが大きくなり、ユニフォーミティが悪化した。
【0022】
比較例2−1及び比較例2−2は純度が低く、熱処理温度が低く過ぎるため、初透磁率及び最大透磁率の向上がなく、また再結晶していないか又は未再結晶組織が多量に存在した。パーティクルの発生も多い。
比較例2−3及び2−4は最終熱処理温度が高すぎ、平均結晶粒径が粗大化し、ばらつきが大きくなり、ユニフォーミティが悪化した。
比較例3−1は熱処理温度が低く、初透磁率及び最大透磁率の向上がない。また未再結晶組織が多量に存在し、パーティクルの発生も多かった。
比較例3−2は最終熱処理温度が高すぎ、平均結晶粒径が粗大化し、ばらつきが大きくなり、ユニフォーミティが悪化した。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
以上に示すように、ニッケルにタンタルを所定量含有するニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲットは、熱的に安定なシリサイド(NiSi)膜の形成が可能であり、膜の凝集や過剰なシリサイド化が起り難く、またスパッタ膜の形成に際してパーティクルの発生が少なく、ユニフォーミティも良好であり、さらにターゲットへの塑性加工性に富む、特にゲート電極材料(薄膜)の製造に有用なニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲットを提供できるという著しい効果を有する。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is capable of forming a thermally stable silicide (NiSi) film, has good plastic workability to the target, and is particularly useful for manufacturing a gate electrode material (thin film). It relates to the manufacturing method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the use of a NiSi film by a salicide process has attracted attention as a gate electrode material. Nickel has a feature that a silicide film can be formed with less silicon consumption by the salicide process than cobalt. In addition, NiSi is characterized in that it is unlikely to cause an increase in the fine wire resistance due to the miniaturization of the wiring, like the cobalt silicide film.
For these reasons, it is conceivable to use nickel as the gate electrode material instead of expensive cobalt.
However, in the case of NiSi, there is a problem that the phase transition to NiSi 2 which is a more stable phase is easy, the interface roughness is deteriorated and the resistance is increased. There is also a problem that film aggregation and excessive silicidation are likely to occur.
[0003]
Conventionally, as a film using nickel silicide or the like, a metal compound film such as TiN is capped and annealed on a Ni or Co film, thereby forming an insulating film by reacting with oxygen during the formation of the silicide film. There is a technology to prevent this. In this case, TiN is used to prevent oxygen and Ni from reacting to form an uneven insulating film.
If the unevenness is small, the distance to the junction between the NiSi film and the source / drain diffusion layer becomes long, so that junction leakage can be suppressed. TiC Other cap film, TiW, TiB, WB 2, WC, BN, AlN, Mg 3 N 2, CaN, Ge 3 N 4, TaN, TbNi 2, VB 2, VC, ZrN, etc. ZrB is shown (See Patent Document 1).
[0004]
Further, it has been pointed out in the prior art that NiSi is very easily oxidized even in a silicide material, and there is a problem that unevenness is formed largely in the interface region between the NiSi film and the Si substrate, resulting in junction leakage.
In this case, a proposal has been made that the surface of the NiSi film is nitrided by sputtering a TiN film as a cap film on the Ni film and heat-treating it. This is intended to prevent NiSi from being oxidized and suppress the formation of irregularities.
However, since the nitride film on NiSi formed by depositing TiN on Ni is thin, there is a problem that it is difficult to maintain the barrier property for a long time.
Therefore, there is a proposal that the silicide film is formed to have a roughness of 40 nm or less and a grain size of 200 nm or more by forming a silicide film in a mixed gas atmosphere (2.5 to 10%) to which nitrogen gas is added. Further, it is desirable to cap one of Ti, W, TiNx, and WNx on Ni.
In this case, Ni is sputtered only with argon gas not containing nitrogen gas, and subsequently a TiN cap film is sputtered, and then N ions are implanted into the Ni film by adding N into the Ni film. It is shown that it is good (refer patent document 2).
[0005]
In addition, a semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed as conventional techniques, and a combination of a first metal: Co, Ni, Pt, or Pd and a second metal: Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, or Cr is described. ing. In the embodiment, there is a combination of Co—Ti.
Cobalt has a lower ability to reduce a silicon oxide film than titanium, and the silicide reaction is inhibited when a natural oxide film exists on the surface of a silicon substrate or a polysilicon film when depositing cobalt. Furthermore, the heat resistance is inferior to that of the titanium silicide film, and there is a problem that the cobalt disilicide (CoSi 2 ) film agglomerates due to heat during the deposition of the silicon oxide film for the interlayer film after the completion of the salicide process, thereby increasing the resistance. (See Patent Document 3).
[0006]
In addition, as a prior art, there is a disclosure of a “semiconductor device manufacturing method”, and in order to prevent a short circuit due to overgrowth at the time of salicide formation, titanium, zirconium, tantalum, molybdenum, niobium, hafnium and tungsten are added to cobalt or nickel. Techniques for forming amorphous alloy layers with more selected metals are shown. In this case, there is an example in which the cobalt content is 50 to 75 at% and Ni40Zr60, but the alloy content is large in order to obtain an amorphous film (see Patent Document 4).
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-38104 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-9-153616 [Patent Document 3]
JP 11-204791 A (USP 5989988)
[Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-94966
As described above, all of the disclosed prior arts are related to the film forming process and are not related to the sputtering target.
Further, as conventional high-purity nickel, excluding gas components, it is about 4N and oxygen is as high as about 100 ppm.
When a nickel alloy target based on such a conventional nickel was produced, it was impossible to produce a target with poor plastic workability. There is also a problem that there are many particles during sputtering and the uniformity is not good.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the present invention, a thermally stable silicide (NiSi) film can be formed, film aggregation and excessive silicidation hardly occur, particle generation is small during formation of a sputtered film, and uniformity is good. In addition, the present invention aims to provide a nickel alloy sputtering target that is excellent in plastic workability to a target and that is particularly useful for manufacturing a gate electrode material (thin film), and a manufacturing technique thereof.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, by adding a special metal element to high-purity nickel, a thermally stable silicide (NiSi) film can be formed, and the generation of particles during sputtering is small. It was also found that it was possible to produce a target having good plastic workability.
[0011]
Based on this finding, the present invention provides 1. 1. Nickel alloy sputtering target containing 0.5 to 10 at% of tantalum in nickel 2. Nickel alloy sputtering target containing 1 to 5 at% of tantalum in nickel 3. The nickel alloy sputtering target according to the above 1-2, wherein inevitable impurities excluding gas components are 100 wtppm or less. 4. The nickel alloy sputtering target according to 1 or 2 above, wherein inevitable impurities excluding gas components are 10 wtppm or less. 5. Nickel alloy sputtering target according to each of 1 to 4 above, wherein oxygen is 50 wtppm or less and nitrogen, hydrogen and carbon are each 10 wtppm or less. 6. The nickel alloy sputtering target according to each of 1 to 5 above, wherein oxygen is 10 wtppm or less. 7. Nickel alloy sputtering target according to each of 1 to 6 above, wherein the initial permeability of the target is 50 or more. 8. The nickel alloy sputtering target according to any one of 1 to 7 above, wherein the target has a maximum magnetic permeability of 100 or more. 9. The nickel alloy sputtering target according to any one of 1 to 8 above, wherein the average crystal grain size of the target is 80 μm or less. The method for producing a nickel alloy sputtering target as described in any one of 1 to 9 above, wherein the final heat treatment is performed at a recrystallization temperature of 950 ° C.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The target of the present invention is to refine crude Ni (about 4N) by electrolytic purification, remove metal impurity components, and further refine it by EB melting to obtain a high-purity nickel ingot. This ingot and high-purity tantalum are vacuum-dissolved. Thus, a high purity nickel alloy ingot is produced.
For vacuum melting, a cold crucible melting method using a water-cooled copper crucible is suitable. This alloy ingot is formed into a plate shape by a process such as forging and rolling, and finally heat-treated at a recrystallization temperature (about 500 ° C.) to 950 ° C. to produce a target. The analytical values of this typical high purity nickel target are shown in Table 1.
[0013]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004466902
[0014]
The amount of tantalum added is 0.5 to 10 at%, more preferably 1 to 5 at%. If the amount added is too small, the thermal stability of the nickel alloy layer will not be improved. If the amount added is too large, the film resistance becomes too large, which is not suitable, and there is a problem that the amount of intermetallic compounds increases, making plastic processing difficult, and increasing the number of particles during sputtering.
After sputtering using the tantalum-added nickel alloy of the present invention and further heating this sputtered film in a nitrogen atmosphere, the change temperature of the crystal structure was measured by the XRD diffraction method. The phase change temperature of was improved and clear thermal stability was confirmed.
[0015]
In order to reduce the generation of particles during sputtering and improve uniformity, it is desirable that the inevitable impurities excluding gas components be 100 wtppm or less. More preferably, the inevitable impurities excluding gas components are 10 wtppm or less.
Further, since gas components also increase the generation of particles, it is desirable that oxygen is 50 wtppm or less, more preferably 10 wtppm or less, and nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon are each 10 wtppm or less.
[0016]
It is important for the sputtering characteristics that the initial permeability of the target is 50 or more (preferably about 100), and the maximum permeability is 100 or more.
A final heat treatment is performed at a recrystallization temperature or higher (about 500 ° C.) to 950 ° C. to obtain a substantial recrystallization structure. If the heat treatment temperature is less than 500 ° C, a sufficient recrystallized structure cannot be obtained. Further, there is no improvement in the magnetic permeability and the maximum magnetic permeability.
In the target of the present invention, the presence of some unrecrystallized material does not affect the properties, but a large amount is not preferable. The average crystal grain size of the target is desirably 80 μm or less.
A final heat treatment exceeding 950 ° C. is not preferable because the average crystal grain size is coarsened. As the average crystal grain size becomes coarse, the variation in crystal grain size increases, resulting in a decrease in uniformity.
[0017]
[Examples and Comparative Examples]
Next, examples of the present invention will be described. In addition, a present Example is an example to the last, and is not restrict | limited to this example. That is, all aspects or modifications other than the embodiments are included within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.
[0018]
(Example 1-1 to Example 3-2)
Crude Ni (about 4N) is removed by electrolytic refining to remove metal impurity components, and further purified by EB melting to obtain a high-purity nickel ingot. This ingot and high-purity tantalum are vacuum-melted to obtain a high-purity nickel alloy. An ingot was produced. In the vacuum melting, a cold crucible melting method using a water-cooled copper crucible was used.
This alloy ingot was formed into a plate shape by a process such as forging and rolling, and finally heat-treated at 500 to 950 ° C. to prepare a target.
Target production conditions Ta amount, purity, oxygen content, heat treatment temperature conditions, initial permeability, maximum permeability, average crystal grain size, crystal grain size variation, particle quantity, uniform Table 2 shows Mitty.
As shown in Table 2, the Example 1 series has a Ta amount of 1.68 at%, the Example 2 series has a Ta amount of 3.48 at%, and the Example 3 series has a Ta amount of 7.50 at%.
[0019]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004466902
[0020]
Examples 1-1 to 1-3, Examples 2-1 to 2-4, and Examples 3-1 to 3-2 in which the conditions of Ta amount, purity, oxygen content, and heat treatment temperature are within the scope of the present invention are as follows. Initial permeability 50 or more, maximum permeability 100 or more, average crystal grain size 80 μm or less, variation in crystal grain size is small, particle amount (0.3 μm or more / in 2 ) is small, and uniformity (%, 3σ) is also small. It is a small value.
Then, after sputtering using the tantalum-added nickel alloy of this example and further heating this sputtered film in a nitrogen atmosphere, the crystal structure change temperature was measured by the XRD diffraction method. The phase change temperature of 90 ° C was improved. As a result, clear thermal stability was confirmed.
In addition, about Example 1-1, Example 1-2, and Example 2-1, since the heat treatment temperature was slightly low, there was an unrecrystallized structure, but since the abundance was small, the characteristics were affected. Did not give.
[0021]
(Comparative Examples 1-1 to 3-2)
The production process was the same as in the above examples, and the Ta addition amount was the same. However, as shown in Table 2, the target was produced by changing the conditions of purity, oxygen content, and heat treatment temperature. The initial permeability, maximum permeability, average crystal grain size, variation in crystal grain size, particle amount, and uniformity, which are targets and film forming characteristics, were measured and observed.
As in the example, the comparative example 1 series has a Ta amount of 1.68 at%, the comparative example 2 series has a Ta amount of 3.48 at%, and the comparative example 3 series has a Ta amount of 7.50 at%.
As a result, Comparative Examples 1-1 and 1-2 had a problem that the generation of particles was large because of a large amount of oxygen and low purity. In Comparative Examples 1-3 and 1-4, since the heat treatment temperature was too low, the initial magnetic permeability and the maximum magnetic permeability were not improved, and no recrystallization occurred or a large amount of unrecrystallized structure existed.
In Comparative Example 1-5, the final heat treatment temperature was too high, the average crystal grain size became coarse, the variation increased, and the uniformity deteriorated.
[0022]
Since Comparative Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-2 have low purity and the heat treatment temperature is too low, there is no improvement in initial magnetic permeability and maximum magnetic permeability, and there is no recrystallization or a large amount of unrecrystallized structure. Were present. There are many particles.
In Comparative Examples 2-3 and 2-4, the final heat treatment temperature was too high, the average crystal grain size became coarse, the variation became large, and the uniformity deteriorated.
In Comparative Example 3-1, the heat treatment temperature is low and the initial permeability and the maximum permeability are not improved. In addition, a large amount of non-recrystallized structure was present and many particles were generated.
In Comparative Example 3-2, the final heat treatment temperature was too high, the average crystal grain size became coarse, the dispersion increased, and the uniformity deteriorated.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, a nickel alloy sputtering target containing a predetermined amount of tantalum in nickel is capable of forming a thermally stable silicide (NiSi) film, which is unlikely to cause film aggregation and excessive silicidation. Significant effect of being able to provide a nickel alloy sputtering target that produces few particles when forming a sputtered film, has good uniformity, and has excellent plastic workability on the target, especially useful for the production of gate electrode materials (thin films). Have

Claims (7)

タンタルを0.5〜10at%含有し、残余がニッケル及び不可避的不純物からなるニッケル合金であって、酸素が50wtppm以下、ターゲットの初透磁率が50以上、ターゲットの最大透磁率が100以上、ターゲットの平均結晶粒径が80μm以下であることを特徴とするニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット。A nickel alloy containing 0.5 to 10 at% of tantalum , the remainder being nickel and inevitable impurities , oxygen is 50 wtppm or less, the initial permeability of the target is 50 or more, the maximum permeability of the target is 100 or more, the target A nickel alloy sputtering target having an average crystal grain size of 80 μm or less. タンタルを1〜5at%含有することを特徴とする請求項1記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット。  The nickel alloy sputtering target according to claim 1, containing 1 to 5 at% of tantalum. ガス成分を除く不可避不純物が100wtppm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット。  The nickel alloy sputtering target according to claim 1, wherein inevitable impurities excluding gas components are 100 wtppm or less. ガス成分を除く不可避不純物が10wtppm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット。  The nickel alloy sputtering target according to claim 1 or 2, wherein inevitable impurities excluding gas components are 10wtppm or less. 窒素、水素及び炭素がそれぞれ10wtppm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット。  The nickel alloy sputtering target according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon are each 10 wtppm or less. 酸素が10wtppm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲット。  The nickel alloy sputtering target according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein oxygen is 10 wtppm or less. 再結晶温度〜950°Cで最終熱処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載のニッケル合金スパッタリングターゲットの製造方法。  The method for producing a nickel alloy sputtering target according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a final heat treatment is performed at a recrystallization temperature of 950 ° C.
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