JP4484495B2 - Polymerizable gelling agent and gel obtained using the same - Google Patents
Polymerizable gelling agent and gel obtained using the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4484495B2 JP4484495B2 JP2003378671A JP2003378671A JP4484495B2 JP 4484495 B2 JP4484495 B2 JP 4484495B2 JP 2003378671 A JP2003378671 A JP 2003378671A JP 2003378671 A JP2003378671 A JP 2003378671A JP 4484495 B2 JP4484495 B2 JP 4484495B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gelling agent
- gel
- polymerizable gelling
- polymerizable
- formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 0 CC(NCCOC(C(*)=C)=O)=O Chemical compound CC(NCCOC(C(*)=C)=O)=O 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
本発明は新規な重合性ゲル化剤に関し、詳しくは、液状有機物質と混合し、重合させることによって、その液状有機物質を耐熱性にすぐれるオルガノゲルにすることができる重合性ゲル化剤に関する。更に、本発明は、このようにして得られるオルガノゲルに関する。 The present invention relates to a novel polymerizable gelling agent, and more particularly to a polymerizable gelling agent that can be mixed with a liquid organic material and polymerized to make the liquid organic material an organogel having excellent heat resistance. Furthermore, this invention relates to the organogel obtained in this way.
従来、水をゲル化させるゲル化剤としては、例えば、寒天、ゼラチン等、従来より種々のものが知られており、また、種々の用途において実用化されている。しかし、液状有機物質をゲル化させるゲル化剤については、従来、食用油を固化させるための12−ヒドロキシステアリン酸からなるゲル化剤が実用化されている以外は、殆ど知られておらず、しかも、従来、知られているそのようなゲル化剤は、低分子量有機化合物からなり、水素結合やファン・デル・ワールス力のような弱い結合によって形成されるマトリックス中に液状有機物質を保持して、オルガノゲルを形成するものであるので、そのようなゲルは、加熱されたとき、再び、流動化して容易にゲル性を失う(例えば、特許文献1、非特許文献1及び2参照)。 Conventionally, various gelling agents for gelling water are conventionally known, such as agar and gelatin, and have been put to practical use in various applications. However, with regard to the gelling agent that gels the liquid organic substance, it is hardly known except that a gelling agent composed of 12-hydroxystearic acid for solidifying edible oil has been put into practical use. In addition, conventionally known such gelling agents are composed of low molecular weight organic compounds and retain liquid organic substances in a matrix formed by weak bonds such as hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. Since such an gel forms an organogel, when heated, the gel again fluidizes and easily loses gel properties (see, for example, Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2).
しかし、今後、オルガノゲルは、化学センサにおける機能性物質の支持体や生体触媒固定化ゲル等への応用が期待されており、耐熱性にすぐれたオルガノゲルを形成するゲル化剤の開発が強く要望されている。
本発明は、上述したような要望に応えるためになされたものであって、液状有機物質と混合し、重合させることによって、その液状有機物質を耐熱性にすぐれるゲルにすることができる重合性ゲル化剤を提供することを目的とする。更に、本発明は、そのような重合性ゲル化剤を用いて得られるゲルとそのようなゲルの製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in order to meet the above-mentioned demands, and is a polymerizable that can be made into a gel having excellent heat resistance by mixing and polymerizing with a liquid organic material. An object is to provide a gelling agent. Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a gel obtained by using such a polymerizable gelling agent and a method for producing such a gel.
本発明によれば、一般式(I) According to the invention, the general formula (I)
(式中、R1 及びR2 はそれぞれ独立に炭素原子数2〜10のアルキレン基を示し、Xは一般式(II) (In the formula, R 1 and R 2 each independently represent an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and X represents a general formula (II)
(式中、R3 は水素原子又はメチル基を示す。)
で表される1価基を示し、Rは水素原子又は上記1価基Xを示す。)
で表される多官能性(メタ)アクリレートからなる重合性ゲル化剤が提供される。
(In the formula, R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.)
R represents a hydrogen atom or the above-mentioned monovalent group X. )
A polymerizable gelling agent comprising a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate represented by the formula:
更に、本発明によれば、上記重合性ゲル化剤を重合させてなる架橋ポリマーからなるマトリックス中に液状有機物質が保持されてなるゲルが提供される。 Furthermore, according to this invention, the gel by which a liquid organic substance is hold | maintained in the matrix which consists of a crosslinked polymer formed by superposing | polymerizing the said polymeric gelatinizer is provided.
また、本発明によれば、上記重合性ゲル化剤を液状有機物質と混合し、重合させることを特徴とするゲルの製造方法が提供される。 The present invention also provides a method for producing a gel, characterized in that the polymerizable gelling agent is mixed with a liquid organic substance and polymerized.
本発明による重合性ゲル化剤は上記一般式(I)で表される多官能性化合物からなり、これを液状有機物質と混合し、重合させることによって、耐熱性にすぐれるゲルを得ることができる。 The polymerizable gelling agent according to the present invention comprises a polyfunctional compound represented by the above general formula (I), and can be mixed with a liquid organic material and polymerized to obtain a gel having excellent heat resistance. it can.
本発明による重合性ゲル化剤は、一般式(I) The polymerizable gelling agent according to the present invention has the general formula (I)
(式中、R1 及びR2 はそれぞれ独立に炭素原子数2〜10のアルキレン基を示し、Xは一般式(II) (In the formula, R 1 and R 2 each independently represent an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and X represents a general formula (II)
(式中、R3 は水素原子又はメチル基を示す。)
で表される1価基を示し、Rは水素原子又は上記1価基Xを示す。)
で表される多官能性(メタ)アクリレートからなる。
(In the formula, R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.)
R represents a hydrogen atom or the above-mentioned monovalent group X. )
It consists of polyfunctional (meth) acrylate represented by these.
本発明において、(メタ)アクリレートは、アクリレート又はメタクリレートを意味し、(メタ)アクリロイルは、アクリロイル又はメタクリロイルを意味するものとする。 In the present invention, (meth) acrylate means acrylate or methacrylate, and (meth) acryloyl means acryloyl or methacryloyl.
このような多官能性(メタ)アクリレートは、一般式(III) Such polyfunctional (meth) acrylates have the general formula (III)
(式中、R1 及びR2 は前記と同じである。)
で表されるビス(アミノアルキル)アミンを適宜の反応溶剤(例えば、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素溶剤やケトン類)中で2−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートと反応させることによって得ることができる。上記一般式(III)で表されるビス(アミノアルキル)アミンは、そのイミノ窒素原子が水素原子を有するので、これに反応させる2−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの量を制御することによって、前記一般式(I)で表されるように、二官能性又は三官能性(メタ)アクリレートを得ることができる。
(In the formula, R 1 and R 2 are the same as described above.)
Is obtained by reacting with 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl isocyanate in an appropriate reaction solvent (for example, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents and ketones such as toluene and xylene). Can do. Since the imino nitrogen atom of the bis (aminoalkyl) amine represented by the general formula (III) has a hydrogen atom, by controlling the amount of 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl isocyanate to be reacted therewith, As represented by the general formula (I), a bifunctional or trifunctional (meth) acrylate can be obtained.
このように、本発明による上記多官能性(メタ)アクリレートからなる重合性ゲル化剤において、アルキレン基R1 及びR2 はそれぞれ、その製造のための原料として用いた上記ビス(アミノアルキル)アミン中のアルキレン基に由来するものであり、従って、本発明によれば、上記アルキレン基R1 及びR2 はそれぞれ特に限定されるものではないが、好ましくは、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状の炭素原子数2〜10のアルキレン基であり、特に好ましくは、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状の炭素原子数3〜6のアルキレン基である。そこで、上記アルキレン基R1 及びR2 の好ましい具体例として、例えば、エチレン基、プロピレン基、トリメチレン基、テトラメチレン基、ペンタメチレン基、ヘキサメチレン基、オクタメチレン基等を挙げることができる。 Thus, in the polymerizable gelling agent comprising the polyfunctional (meth) acrylate according to the present invention, each of the alkylene groups R 1 and R 2 is the bis (aminoalkyl) amine used as a raw material for the production thereof. In the present invention, the alkylene groups R 1 and R 2 are not particularly limited, but are preferably linear or branched carbons. An alkylene group having 2 to 10 atoms, particularly preferably a linear or branched alkylene group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. Thus, preferred specific examples of the alkylene groups R 1 and R 2 include, for example, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a trimethylene group, a tetramethylene group, a pentamethylene group, a hexamethylene group, and an octamethylene group.
従って、本発明によれば、上記ビス(アミノアルキル)アミンの好ましい具体例として、例えば、ジエチレントリアミン、ビス(アミノプロピル)アミン(又はイミノビスプロピルアミン)、メチルイミノビスプロピルアミン等を挙げることができる。 Therefore, according to the present invention, preferred specific examples of the bis (aminoalkyl) amine include, for example, diethylenetriamine, bis (aminopropyl) amine (or iminobispropylamine), methyliminobispropylamine, and the like. .
これらのなかでも、本発明においては、上記ビス(アミノアルキル)アミンとしては、例えば、ビス(アミノプロピル)アミンが好ましく用いられる。本発明によれば、例えば、ビス(アミノプロピル)アミン1モル部に2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネート3モル部を反応させることによって、後述するように、式(1)で表される多官能性(メタ)アクリレートからなる重合性ゲル化剤を得ることができる(参考例1参照)。 Among these, in the present invention, for example, bis (aminopropyl) amine is preferably used as the bis (aminoalkyl) amine. According to the present invention, for example, by reacting 1 mol part of bis (aminopropyl) amine with 3 mol part of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate, the polyfunctionality represented by the formula (1) ( A polymerizable gelling agent comprising meth) acrylate can be obtained (see Reference Example 1).
本発明によるゲルは、上述したような重合性ゲル化剤を重合させてなるポリマーからなるマトリックス中に液状有機物質が保持されてなり、このようなゲルは、本発明によれば、上述したような重合性ゲル化剤を液状有機物質と混合し、重合性ゲル化剤を重合させることによって得ることができる。 In the gel according to the present invention, a liquid organic material is held in a matrix made of a polymer obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable gelling agent as described above. Such a gel is formed according to the present invention as described above. It can be obtained by mixing a polymerizable gelling agent with a liquid organic substance and polymerizing the polymerizable gelling agent.
上記液状有機物質とは、室温(25℃)で液体である有機物質をいい、例えば、テトラヒドロフラン、ヘキサン、ベンゼン、トルエン、ピリジン、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン、エチルメチルカーボネート、γ−ブチロラクトン、メタノール、エタノール等のような所謂溶媒類、ケロシン、ガソリン、重油等の液体燃料、オリーブ油、コーン油、ヒマシ油等の油類、潤滑油等を挙げることができるが、しかし、これらに限定されるものではない。 The liquid organic substance refers to an organic substance that is liquid at room temperature (25 ° C.), for example, tetrahydrofuran, hexane, benzene, toluene, pyridine, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, ethyl methyl carbonate, γ-butyrolactone, methanol. And so-called solvents such as ethanol, liquid fuels such as kerosene, gasoline and heavy oil, oils such as olive oil, corn oil and castor oil, and lubricating oils, but are not limited thereto. is not.
本発明による重合性ゲル化剤は、液状有機物質100重量部に対して、通常、0.1〜20重量部、好ましくは、0.2〜10重量部の範囲で用いられる。重合性ゲル化剤は、単独で用いてもよく、また、2種以上を併用してもよい。 The polymerizable gelling agent according to the present invention is usually used in an amount of 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.2 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid organic material. A polymerizable gelling agent may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together.
本発明による重合性ゲル化剤を用いて、液状有機物質をゲル化するには、液状有機物質をゲル化剤と混合し、溶液とし、更に、これにラジカル重合開始剤を加えた後、加熱して、重合性ゲル化剤を重合させて、架橋ポリマーを形成させればよい。このようなゲルの製造において、ゲル化剤は、一部が液状有機物質に溶解せず、懸濁していてもよい。 In order to gel the liquid organic material using the polymerizable gelling agent according to the present invention, the liquid organic material is mixed with the gelling agent to form a solution, and further, a radical polymerization initiator is added thereto, followed by heating. Then, the polymerizable gelling agent may be polymerized to form a crosslinked polymer. In the production of such a gel, a part of the gelling agent may not be dissolved in the liquid organic substance but may be suspended.
上記ラジカル重合開始剤としては、例えば、過酸化ベンゾイル、過酸化ラウロイル等の過酸化物系開始剤や、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、アゾビス(2,4−ジメチルバレロニトリル)等のアゾ系開始剤のような従来より知られている開始剤が適宜に用いられる。このような重合開始剤は、重合性ゲル化剤100重量部に対して、通常、0.01〜10重量部、好ましくは、0.1〜3重量部の範囲で用いられる。 Examples of the radical polymerization initiator include peroxide initiators such as benzoyl peroxide and lauroyl peroxide, and azo initiators such as azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile). Conventionally known initiators such as are appropriately used. Such a polymerization initiator is usually used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable gelling agent.
しかし、本発明によれば、重合性ゲル化剤を重合させる手段は、特に、限定されるものではなく、液状有機物質とゲル化剤との混合物に、必要に応じて、ベンゾフェノン、エチルアントラキノン等の光重合開始剤(増感剤)を加え、溶液とした後、これに紫外線を照射することによって、ゲルを形成させることができる。また、電子線のような活性放射線を照射することによっても、重合性ゲル化剤を重合させて、ゲルを形成させることができる。更に、必要に応じて、電子線やX線の照射によっても、ゲルを形成させることができる。 However, according to the present invention, the means for polymerizing the polymerizable gelling agent is not particularly limited. If necessary, the mixture of the liquid organic substance and the gelling agent may be benzophenone, ethyl anthraquinone, etc. A photopolymerization initiator (sensitizer) is added to form a solution, and then a gel can be formed by irradiating it with ultraviolet rays. Also, the gel can be formed by polymerizing the polymerizable gelling agent by irradiating active radiation such as an electron beam. Furthermore, if necessary, a gel can be formed by irradiation with an electron beam or X-ray.
このようにして得られるゲルは、塊状、板状、多孔質体や不織布等に含浸した状態で、又は必要に応じて、これを破砕して、粉末や粒子とすることもできるので、そのような形状のものとして、種々の用途に供することができる。 The gel thus obtained can be pulverized into powders or particles in the state of impregnation in a lump, plate, porous body, nonwoven fabric, or the like, or as necessary. As a simple shape, it can be used for various purposes.
以下に実施例を挙げて本発明を説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例により何ら限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
参考例1
イミノビスプロピルアミン7.3gをトルエン1Lに加え、加熱して溶解させた後、共沸させて、水分を除去した。得られた溶液を室温まで冷却し、これに攪拌下、2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネート28.4gとトルエン100mLの混合物を10分かけて滴下した後、30℃で10時間反応を行った。反応終了後、析出した反応生成物を濾過し、メタノール、トルエン及び酢酸エチルの混合溶剤から晶析させて、次式(1)で表される多官能性(メタ)アクリレートを得た。
質量分析による分子量(ESI法):(M+H)+ =597
プロトンNMRスペクトル(400MHz、重酢酸溶媒、δ(ppm)):
Reference example 1
7.3 g of iminobispropylamine was added to 1 L of toluene, dissolved by heating, and then azeotropically removed to remove moisture. The resulting solution was cooled to room temperature, and with stirring, a mixture of 28.4 g of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate and 100 mL of toluene was added dropwise over 10 minutes, and then reacted at 30 ° C. for 10 hours. After completion of the reaction, the deposited reaction product was filtered and crystallized from a mixed solvent of methanol, toluene and ethyl acetate to obtain a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate represented by the following formula (1).
Molecular weight by mass spectrometry (ESI method): (M + H) + = 597
Proton NMR spectrum (400 MHz, diacetic acid solvent, δ (ppm)):
13C−NMRスペクトル(100MHz、重酢酸溶媒、δ(ppm)): 13 C-NMR spectrum (100 MHz, diacetic acid solvent, δ (ppm)):
実施例1
参考例1で得られた多官能性化合物10.0gをそれぞれN−メチル−2−ピロリドン90.0gに加え、室温で1時間攪拌して、溶解させた。この溶液にアゾビス(2,4−ジメチルバレロニトリル)0.2gを加えて、溶解させた。このようにして得られた溶液をアルゴン雰囲気下に50℃で2時間加熱して、ゲルを得た。このゲルを密閉容器に入れて、150℃で10分間加熱したが、ゲルはそのままであった。
Example 1
10.0 g of the polyfunctional compound obtained in Reference Example 1 was added to 90.0 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, respectively, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to dissolve. To this solution, 0.2 g of azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) was added and dissolved. The solution thus obtained was heated at 50 ° C. for 2 hours under an argon atmosphere to obtain a gel. The gel was placed in a sealed container and heated at 150 ° C. for 10 minutes, but the gel remained as it was.
比較例1
12−ヒドロキシステアリン酸10.0gをN−メチル−2−ピロリドン90.0gに加え、室温で15分間攪拌したところ、完全に溶解して、ゲルを得ることができなかった。
Comparative Example 1
When 10.0 g of 12-hydroxystearic acid was added to 90.0 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes, it was completely dissolved and a gel could not be obtained.
Claims (4)
で表される1価基を示し、Rは水素原子又は上記1価基Xを示す。)
で表される多官能性(メタ)アクリレートからなる重合性ゲル化剤。 Formula (I)
R represents a hydrogen atom or the above-mentioned monovalent group X. )
A polymerizable gelling agent comprising a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate represented by:
A method for producing a gel, wherein the polymerizable gelling agent according to claim 1 or 2 is mixed with a liquid organic substance and polymerized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003378671A JP4484495B2 (en) | 2003-11-07 | 2003-11-07 | Polymerizable gelling agent and gel obtained using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003378671A JP4484495B2 (en) | 2003-11-07 | 2003-11-07 | Polymerizable gelling agent and gel obtained using the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005139348A JP2005139348A (en) | 2005-06-02 |
| JP4484495B2 true JP4484495B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
Family
ID=34688979
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003378671A Expired - Fee Related JP4484495B2 (en) | 2003-11-07 | 2003-11-07 | Polymerizable gelling agent and gel obtained using the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4484495B2 (en) |
-
2003
- 2003-11-07 JP JP2003378671A patent/JP4484495B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2005139348A (en) | 2005-06-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Shea et al. | Synthesis and characterization of highly crosslinked poly (acrylamides) and poly (methacrylamides). A new class of macroporous polyamides | |
| Parzuchowski et al. | Synthesis and characterization of polymethacrylate-based nitric oxide donors | |
| Guan et al. | Influence of spacer lengths on the morphology of biphenyl-containing liquid crystalline block copolymer nanoparticles via polymerization-induced self-assembly | |
| Yao et al. | Dual-responsive graphene oxide/poly (NIPAM-co-AA) hydrogel as an adsorbent for rhodamine B and imidacloprid | |
| US20130186761A1 (en) | Apparatus for removal of ions comprising an ion exchange membrane that comprises a crosslinked hyperbranched (co)polymer (a crosslinked hbp) with ion exchange groups | |
| JP2002541271A (en) | Crosslinked microparticles, their production and use | |
| Wang et al. | Surfactant pyrolysis-guided in situ fabrication of primary amine-rich ordered mesoporous phenolic resin displaying efficient heavy metal removal | |
| NL2008516C2 (en) | Method for preparing an anion exchange membrane with ion exchange groups and an apparatus for removal of ions. | |
| CN111378159A (en) | Energy absorption method and material based on hybrid cross-linked dynamic polymer | |
| JP2007302651A (en) | Photocurable monomer having imidazolium salt, antibacterial photocurable composition containing the same, and antibacterial polymer material produced from the composition | |
| Bingol et al. | Stimuli‐responsive poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels from carboxylic acid‐functionalized crosslinkers | |
| CN111040203A (en) | Energy absorption method based on hybrid cross-linked dynamic polymer | |
| CN111378138A (en) | Combined energy absorption method and application thereof | |
| Diaz et al. | Polymer thermoreversible gels from organogelators enabled by ‘click’chemistry | |
| US12091487B2 (en) | Method for making an aqueous hydrogel composition | |
| JP4278911B2 (en) | Polymerizable gelling agent and gel obtained using the same | |
| JP4484495B2 (en) | Polymerizable gelling agent and gel obtained using the same | |
| JP4279025B2 (en) | Polymerizable gelling agent and gel obtained using the same | |
| Mukherjee et al. | Self-Healable Hydrogels from Vegetable Oil: Preparation, Mechanism, and Applications | |
| JP4484480B2 (en) | Polymerizable gelling agent and gel obtained using the same | |
| CN112341641A (en) | A kind of double network particle gel and preparation method thereof | |
| Bhattacharya et al. | Engineering photo cross-linked porous network for efficient and selective removal of toxicants from wastewater | |
| Çeper et al. | Polyampholyte Hydrogels with pH-Dependent Swelling for Controlled Catch and Release of Model Dyes | |
| WO2015197648A1 (en) | Acrylate systems having a latent thickening tendency | |
| CN114656592B (en) | Water-soluble macromolecular photoinitiator and preparation method and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20061024 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20090903 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20100309 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20100323 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130402 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130402 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140402 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |