JP4488151B2 - Spinning method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a spinning processing method and apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional technique of the spinning processing method, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-70327, in the spinning processing for plastically processing the end portion of the mother pipe material into a small diameter tube, the inner diameter of the small diameter tube Insert a core metal having an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the mother pipe material, start forming a small diameter pipe from the end of the mother pipe material by spinning using a roll, and stop the end face of the formed small diameter pipe with a stopper. It is known to continue spinning the mother pipe while pressing. According to the method disclosed in the gazette, “the escape of the material from the place where the roll process is performed to the free end part is regulated by the stopper, so that the thinning of the tube material in the roll process part can be prevented.” (The third column of the lower left column, line 6 to line 9, line 9).
[0003]
Further, as another conventional technique, as disclosed in JP-A-11-1332038 as a method for producing a catalytic converter, after a catalyst carrier is inserted into a metal tube, the metal tubes before and after the catalyst carrier are inserted. A cylindrical holding part that reduces the diameter by spinning and holds the outer peripheral part of the catalyst carrier and a tapered cone part positioned in front of and behind the part are formed, and the thickness of the cone part is defined as the thickness of the holding part. In addition, both ends of the metal tube are pressed in the axial direction while spinning is performed, and the thickness of both cones is gradually increased from the holding part side to the connecting part side. It is known to do. And in this publication, in order to form a thick wall, that is, to increase the wall thickness, as in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-70327, the end surfaces of both end portions (of the raw tube) are rotated simultaneously with the rotation of the spinning tool. It is described that it is pressed in the tube axis direction by a body (stopper) (paragraph number 0022 of the publication).
[0004]
As another conventional technique, as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2922201, the relative revolving speed is increased by revolving the forming roller in the reverse direction with respect to the steel pipe rotated around the pipe axis. Thus, it is known to shorten the processing time. In addition, the gazette states that “a rotational force in a direction opposite to the revolving direction of the forming roller is forcibly applied to the steel pipe, so that a tensile force and a twisting force are applied to the steel pipe to reduce the steel pipe. The desired shape and dimensions can be reliably obtained without increasing the size of the steel pipe ”(paragraph No. 0031 of the publication).
[0005]
By the way, the raw tube is generally formed by bending a rolled material and joining both end edges thereof. In such a raw tube, since the elastic coefficient differs depending on the rolling direction, that is, the anisotropy differs, the rigidity also differs between the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the raw tube.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, among the above prior arts, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-70327 discloses a roll by spinning a raw pipe (parent pipe material) while pressing the end face of a small diameter pipe with a stopper. It only prevents thinning of the raw pipe in the processing part, and increases the thickness in the roll processing part of the raw pipe or the desired thickness, such as reducing the thickness more than due to the escape of the material by spinning. A spinning process such as molding could not be performed. In addition, if the thickness of the part where the raw tube is subjected to spinning processing is relatively low in rigidity, there is a possibility that the part will buckle if the flow of material to the free end is restricted. This is difficult, and when the forming tool (roll) is pressed strongly, the element tube is deformed. Therefore, there is a problem that the spinning process must be repeated with a small amount of molding, and the molding efficiency cannot be improved. .
[0007]
Further, among the conventional techniques described above, even in the method for manufacturing a catalytic converter disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-1332038, it is necessary to increase the thickness because the element tube is pressed in the axial direction during the spinning process. I could only do it. Therefore, in this method as well, as in the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-70327, a spinning process is performed to form a desired thickness, for example, by reducing the thickness beyond that caused by the spinning process. I couldn't. Then, since the base tube having a relatively small thickness and low rigidity is subjected to the spinning process on the premise of increasing the thickness, there is a problem that the molding is difficult and the molding efficiency cannot be improved.
[0008]
On the other hand, in the conventional technique disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2922201, the forming tool (roller) is revolved in the reverse direction with respect to the raw tube rotated around the axis in order to shorten the processing time. It only increases the relative rotational speed.
[0009]
And, when performing the spinning process, the raw material of the raw material flows by pressing while relatively revolving the forming roller. However, in the above-described conventional technology, The material flow could not be controlled, and the mechanical properties of the tube could not be changed by changing the plastic deformation direction.
[0010]
And, as described above, in the raw tube formed by bending the rolled material and joining both end edges thereof, when spinning a portion having low rigidity due to the different direction of the rolled material, the raw tube Since the part to be spun is inadvertently deformed, there is a problem that the spinning process must be repeated with a small amount of molding, and the molding efficiency cannot be improved.
[0011]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and can perform efficient spinning without deforming even a raw pipe having low rigidity. An object of the present invention is to provide a spinning method and apparatus capable of controlling the flow in the direction and changing the thickness as desired, and thus changing the plastic deformation direction of the raw pipe.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the spinning processing method according to claim 1 includes a spinning process in which a twisting force is not applied to the element pipe during the spinning process in which the forming tool is pressed against the element pipe while revolving. Spinning of the raw tube in a state where the torque applied to the raw tube and the thickness of the spun portion of the raw tube are measured, and the torsional force in the opposite direction is applied in the circumferential direction with the same magnitude as the measured torque Measure the wall thickness of the processed part, determine the ratio between the difference in wall thickness measured in both states and the torsional force as the specific proportional constant of the blank tube under the molding conditions. The torsional force according to the wall thickness to be applied is applied to the fixed base tube in the circumferential direction according to the wall thickness to be molded.
[ 0013 ]
The invention relating to the spinning processing apparatus of claim 2 is a spinning processing apparatus comprising: a revolving drive means for revolving the forming tool with respect to the element pipe; and a pressing means for pressing the forming tool against the element pipe. Measure the torque applied to the pipe by spinning without applying a twisting force to the pipe, and the thickness of the spun portion of the pipe, and use the same magnitude as the measured torque in the circumferential direction. The molding conditions determined from the ratio of the difference in thickness measured in both states and the torsional force, by measuring the thickness of the spun portion of the tube with the torsional force applied in the opposite direction. Based on the specific proportionality constant of the raw pipe, the torsional force applying means for applying the torsional force according to the thickness to be formed to the fixed raw pipe in the circumferential direction according to the thickness to be controllably formed is provided. It is characterized by .
[ 0014 ]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the forming tool is revolved and pressed against the element pipe during the spinning process, the material of the element pipe is subjected to a forming load by the revolving forming tool and tends to flow in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the torque applied to the raw pipe by spinning without applying a twisting force to the raw pipe and the thickness of the spun portion of the raw pipe are measured, and the circumferential direction is the same magnitude as the measured torque. The thickness of the spun portion of the tube with the torsional force applied in the opposite direction is measured, and the ratio between the difference in wall thickness measured in both states and the torsional force is measured. Determined as a specific proportionality constant. Based on this specific proportionality constant, the torsional force corresponding to the wall thickness to be molded is calculated, and the torsional force is applied in the circumferential direction corresponding to the wall thickness to be formed on the fixed raw tube. Thus, the flow of the material of the raw tube in the circumferential direction is controlled to be promoted or suppressed. Therefore, base pipe is also thicker thin shaped to vary the desired thickness Rutotomoni, density of the plastic deformation direction changes the material structure of the blank tube and is changed, the tensile strength and hardness, such as toughness, mechanical Changes the physical properties.
[ 0015 ]
In the invention of claim 2, the forming tool is revolved with respect to the raw tube by the revolution driving means, and the forming tool is pressed against the raw tube with the pressing means. Measure the torque applied to the pipe by spinning without applying a twisting force to the pipe, and the thickness of the spun portion of the pipe, and the same magnitude as the measured torque but against the circumferential direction. Measure the thickness of the spun portion of the tube with the torsional force applied in the direction. From the ratio between the thickness difference measured in both states and the torsional force, A specific proportionality constant is determined, and a torsional force corresponding to the thickness to be molded is calculated based on the specific proportionality constant. The torsional force applying means controls to apply the calculated torsional force in the circumferential direction according to the thickness of the fixed raw pipe. Thus, since the flow in the circumferential direction of the mother pipe material is accelerated or suppressed, The rewritable shaped to a thickness of blank tube thinner even thicker varied as desired, the plastic deformation direction of base pipe Change mechanical properties such as tensile strength, hardness, and toughness by changing or changing the density of the material structure.
[ 0016 ]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First, an embodiment of the spinning processing apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail mainly based on FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the spinning processing apparatus of the present invention generally includes a revolving drive means (not shown) for revolving the forming tool 1 around its axis C with respect to the raw tube W, and the forming tool 1 as a raw material. A pressing means (not shown) for pressing against the tube W and a torsional force applying means 2 for applying a torsional force TF to the circumferential direction of the raw tube W are provided. The torsional force TF applied according to the processing conditions is configured to be controllable. Furthermore, the spinning processing apparatus according to this embodiment also includes an axial stress applying means 3 that applies a compressive stress L and a tensile stress M (axial stress AF) to the direction of the axis C of the raw tube W as necessary. ing.
[ 0017 ]
As shown in FIG. 1, the raw tube W is formed into a hollow cylindrical shape having a predetermined diameter and an axial length before spinning. As shown in FIG. 3, the spinning processing apparatus according to this embodiment includes a gripping jig 10 such as a chuck that grips one end of the element tube W, and a gripping jig 11 that grips the other end of the element tube W. is doing. Both ends of the raw tube W are gripped so as not to move relative to the gripping jigs 10 and 11 around the axis C and in the direction of the axis C.
[ 0018 ]
In this embodiment, the forming roller 1 is used as a forming tool. The forming roller 1 is pivotally attached to a shaft 1a such as a bracket (not shown). The forming roller 1 is provided as a single or a plurality.
[ 0019 ]
In the case of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the revolution driving means is configured to revolve the molding roller 1 around the axis C of the raw tube W gripped by both gripping jigs 10 and 11. Has been.
Further, as shown by an arrow Y in FIG. 3, the pressing means moves the forming roller 1 in the direction of the diameter R of the raw tube W so as to enlarge or reduce the revolution diameter R around the axis C of the raw tube W. It is configured.
Further, the axial direction moving means 3 is configured to move the forming roller 1 relative to the raw tube W in the direction of the axis C, as indicated by an arrow X in FIG.
Since the structures of the revolution driving means and the pressing means are known, detailed description thereof will be omitted. In describing the present invention, the diameter R direction of the raw tube W is indicated by an outward arrow in the drawing, but in this embodiment, when pressing the raw tube W, the outer side of the raw tube W is shown. Then, the forming roller 1 is moved toward the axis C.
[ 0020 ]
The torsional force applying means 2 includes a shaft 20 that rotatably supports a gripping jig 10 that grips one end of the raw tube W and an actuator 21 that rotationally drives the shaft 20.
The axial direction stress applying means 3 includes a support base 30 that supports the torsional force applying means 2 so as to be movable in the direction of the axis C of the tube W, and a guide that supports the support base 30 so as to be slidable in the direction of the axis C. A rail 31 and a ball screw mechanism 32 for driving the support base 30 in the axis C direction are provided.
The ball screw mechanism 32 includes a ball screw shaft 35 disposed parallel to the axis C direction of the raw tube W, a ball screw nut 36 provided on the lower surface of the support base 30 and screwed with the ball screw shaft 35, and a ball And an actuator 37 that rotationally drives the screw shaft 35 around its axis.
[ 0021 ]
When the actuator 21 of the torsional force applying means 2 is driven in a predetermined direction by a predetermined amount in a state where both ends of the raw tube W are gripped by the gripping jigs 10 and 11, the gripping jig 10 is rotated about the axis C via the shaft 20. The torsional force TF controlled to a predetermined magnitude in a predetermined direction is applied to the raw tube W in a predetermined direction. Further, when the actuator 37 of the axial direction stress applying means 3 is rotationally driven, the support base 30 is moved in the direction of the axis C via the ball screw mechanism 32, and the both ends of the base tube W held by the holding jigs 10 and 11 A stress that compresses or pulls in the direction of the axis C is applied.
[ 0022 ]
Next, an embodiment of the spinning processing method of the present invention will be described in detail mainly based on FIGS. 3 to 6 depending on the case of using the spinning processing device configured as described above.
The spinning processing method of the present invention generally applies a torsional force TF to the circumferential direction of the raw tube W at the time of spinning processing in which the forming tool 1 is revolved against the raw tube W and pressed in the diameter R direction. Thus, the torsional force TF is controlled and applied according to the processing conditions. Furthermore, the spinning method in this embodiment also applies axial stress AF (compressive stress L and / or tensile stress M) to the direction of the axis C of the raw tube W as necessary.
[ 0023 ]
When spinning the tube W, first, both ends of the tube W are gripped by the gripping jigs 10 and 11, respectively. Then, while relatively revolving the forming roller 1 around the axis C of the raw tube W, it is moved relatively in the diameter R direction (Y direction) to press the raw tube W, and in the axis C direction (X direction). ) To a predetermined axial length of the raw tube W.
[ 0024 ]
At this time, the actuator 21 of the torsional force imparting means 2 is driven to rotate the gripping jig 10 gripping one end of the raw tube W around the axis C, and the other end is fixed by the gripping jig 11. A twisting force TF is applied to the pipe W in the circumferential direction.
[ 0025 ]
Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the material of the raw tube W that is spun by the revolving forming roller 1 being pressed in the diameter R direction (Y direction) while moving in the axis C direction (X direction) It flows in the synthesis direction s of the axial direction c and the circumferential direction r. At this time, in the present invention, a torsional force in the same direction K as the revolving direction of the forming roller 1 or a direction J opposite to the revolving direction of the forming roller 1 is applied to the raw tube W in the circumferential direction during spinning, thereby forming the raw tube W to a desired thickness. To do. That is, as indicated by an arrow K in FIG. 5, when a twisting force TF in the same direction as the relative revolution direction of the forming roller 1 is applied to the raw tube W, the material of the raw tube W flows in the circumferential direction r. And the thickness of the portion subjected to the spinning process can be further reduced. Further, as indicated by an arrow J in FIG. 5 and the like, when a twisting force TF in a direction opposite to the relative revolution direction of the forming roller is applied to the raw tube W, the material of the raw tube W in the circumferential direction r is increased. It can suppress so that a flow may be canceled and can shape | mold so that the thickness of the part currently spin processed may become thick.
[ 0026 ]
The torsional force TF applied in the circumferential direction of the raw tube W can be determined as follows. That is, first, the molding conditions such as the revolution speed of the molding roller 1, the feed speed and the feed amount in the direction of the axis C are set, and the molding roller 1 is moved in a normal state in which the twisting force TF is not applied to the raw tube W. Spinning is performed with respect to the tube W, and the torque applied to the raw tube W by the spinning processing at this time and the thickness of the spun portion of the raw tube W are measured. Next, spinning is performed in a state where the torsional force TF having the same magnitude as the measured torque is applied to the raw tube W, and the thickness of the spun portion of the raw tube W at this time is calculated. taking measurement. Then, the difference between the measured thicknesses of the spun portion of the raw tube W in both cases is calculated, and the ratio between the difference and the torsional force (torque) is determined as the characteristic of the raw tube W in the molding conditions. Determined as a proportionality constant. Thereafter, in order to form the tube W to a desired thickness, a torsional force TF corresponding to the desired wall thickness is calculated based on the specific proportionality constant, and the torsional force TF is applied to the tube W Spinning with
[ 0027 ]
In the present invention, since the material flow in the circumferential direction of the raw tube W during the spinning process is directly controlled, the raw tube W can be easily and reliably formed to a desired thickness simultaneously with the spinning process. . Further, in the present invention, since the torsional force TF is applied in the circumferential direction of the raw tube W, the thickness of the raw tube W before spinning is thin or the rigidity is low due to the anisotropy of the rolled material. Even if it exists, deformation | transformation, such as buckling by only pressing to the direction of the axis | shaft C like the prior art, does not generate | occur | produce.
[ 0028 ]
Furthermore, in the present invention, in order to form the tube W to a desired thickness, in addition to the twisting force TF, the ball screw mechanism 32 shown in FIG. On the other hand, a compressive stress L and / or a tensile stress M can be applied. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a raw tube W that is spun to have different wall thicknesses according to the present invention, and in order to form the raw tube W, a compressive stress L and / or a tensile stress M is simply applied in the axial direction. In the case of applying a torsional force TF in the direction opposite to the revolving direction of the forming roller 1 in order to form an element tube W having the same thickness as the explanatory diagram (a) showing the size (strength) of the case (FIG. The explanatory diagram (b) showing the magnitude of the compressive stress L and / or the tensile stress L applied in the direction of the axis C (in the case of the arrow J in FIG. 5) and the twisting force TF are applied in the same direction as the revolution direction of the forming roller 1 FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram (c) showing the magnitude of the compressive stress L and / or the tensile stress M applied in the direction of the axis C in the case of (in the case of the arrow K in FIG. 5).
[ 0029 ]
In the present invention, since the compressive stress L and / or tensile stress M in the direction of the axis C is adjusted by the torsional force TF applied to the raw tube W, the flow of the material of the raw tube W during the spinning process is controlled, and its plasticity The deformation direction can be arbitrarily changed, the material structure of the raw tube W can be made dense and rough, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, hardness, and toughness can be changed.
[ 0030 ]
That is, as described above, when the torsional force TF in the direction J opposite to the revolution direction of the forming roller 1 is applied (b), the thickness of the raw tube T increases, so the compressive stress L in the axis C direction is It can be made smaller than (i). Therefore, the material of the raw tube W flows strongly in the direction of the axis C by the spinning process (see the arrow c in FIG. 4), and the sliding length of the structure is reduced, and generally the toughness is improved.
[ 0031 ]
On the other hand, as described above, when the torsional force TF in the same direction K as the revolution direction of the forming roller 1 is applied (C), the thickness of the raw tube W becomes thin, so the compressive stress L in the axis C direction is Increase compared to (a). Therefore, the material of the raw tube W flows strongly in the circumferential direction by spinning (refer to the arrow r in FIG. 4), and the load on the forming roller 1 generally pressing in the diameter R direction is reduced. Its lifespan is extended.
[ 0032 ]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention of claim 1 , on the basis of a predetermined proportional constant, a torsional force is calculated according to the thickness to be molded, and at the time of spinning processing for revolving the forming tool against the raw tube, By controlling the torsional force in the circumferential direction according to the wall thickness to be molded, by performing spinning processing in a state where the twisting force is applied to the raw tube, it is controlled so as to promote or inhibit the flow of the material in the circumferential direction. Spinning that can change the mechanical properties by changing the density of the material structure by changing the plastic deformation direction of the raw tube, as well as forming the raw tube to change to the desired thickness A method can be provided.
[ 0033 ]
According to the invention of claim 2 , the torsional force imparting means is fixed according to the thickness to be molded in the circumferential direction according to the thickness to be molded , based on a predetermined proportional constant of the raw pipe . By controlling the torsional force applied to the tube, it is possible to control the flow of the material of the tube in the circumferential direction by spinning, and to shape the tube to a desired thickness. In addition, it is possible to provide a spinning device that can change the mechanical properties by changing the density of the material structure by changing the plastic deformation direction of the raw tube.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a raw tube in a state before spinning.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view for explaining a state in which spinning is performed by relatively revolving a forming tool around an axis of a raw pipe.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view conceptually showing a main part of an embodiment of the spinning processing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the flow of the material of the raw tube by spinning.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the direction of torsional force applied to the circumferential direction of the raw tube according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a comparison of compressive stress or tensile stress applied in the axial direction depending on the direction of the applied torsional force in order to form the raw tube with the same wall thickness.
[Explanation of sign]
1 Forming roller (forming tool)
2 Torsional force imparting means 3 Axial stress imparting means W Elementary tube C Axial direction R Radial direction TF Torsional force K Revolving direction J Reverse direction AF Axial stress L Compressive stress M Tensile stress

Claims (2)

At the time of spinning processing to press while revolving the forming tool against the raw tube,
Measure the torque applied to the pipe by spinning without applying a twisting force to the pipe, and the thickness of the spun portion of the pipe,
Measure the thickness of the spun portion of the raw tube in the state of applying the torsional force in the opposite direction in the circumferential direction with the same magnitude as the measured torque,
The ratio between the difference in wall thickness measured in both states and the torsional force is determined as the specific proportional constant of the raw tube under the molding conditions,
A spinning method characterized in that , based on the specific proportionality constant, a torsional force according to the thickness to be formed is applied to a fixed pipe in a circumferential direction according to the thickness to be formed. Revolving drive means for revolving the forming tool with respect to the raw tube;
A spinning device comprising a pressing means for pressing the forming tool against the raw tube,
Measure the torque applied to the pipe by spinning without applying a twisting force to the pipe, and the thickness of the spun portion of the pipe, and the same magnitude as the measured torque but against the circumferential direction. Measure the thickness of the spun portion of the blank tube with the torsional force applied in the direction, and determine the ratio between the thickness measured in both states and the torsional force. Based on the specific proportionality constant of the raw pipe, torsional force applying means for applying a torsional force according to the thickness to be formed to the fixed raw pipe in a circumferential direction according to the thickness to be controllably formed is provided. Spinning processing equipment.

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