JP4495566B2 - Paving blocks - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a paving block in which a protrusion for regulating the width of a joint formed between blocks when a plurality of blocks are laid is provided on a side surface of the block, and a method for manufacturing the same.

  Pavement blocks are widely used on roadways as well as on roadways to enhance the cityscape and increase the durability of the pavement so that high-quality social capital can be stocked.

  As shown in FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b), a conventional paving block (hereinafter simply referred to as a block) 510 has a rectangular parallelepiped block main body 511 with chamfered upper edges 512 and joint sand (stone walls). A protruding joint keep 515 for restricting joint width B501 is attached to the lower part of the side surface 514 of the block main body 511 in order to make it easy to pack 513.

  However, in this block 510, since the upper surface edge 512 of the block body 511 is chamfered, the joint width B501 is widened by the chamfer. As a result, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 12, when a wheelchair or a stroller travels, the vibration acceleration of the block 510 increases for each joint, and harmful vibrations that cause discomfort to wheelchair users and the like are generated. there were. Further, when a large load is applied to the laid block 510, the block 510 rotates in a direction in which the joint width B501 is further widened with the lower end portion of the joint keep 515 attached to the lower portion of the side surface 514 of the block body 511 as a fulcrum. There is a drawback that the vibration acceleration for each joint portion is further increased.

  Therefore, the present inventor developed a paving block 520 as shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B in Patent Document 1, stopped chamfering at the upper surface edge 522 of the block main body 521, and also blocked the block main body 521. The joint keep 525 is attached to the upper part of the side surface 524 of the above. That is, the block 520 corresponds to the block 510 that is upside down. As a result, even when a large load is applied to the laid block 520, the block 520 rotates around the lower end of the joint keep 525 attached to the upper part of the side surface 524 of the block 520, and the joint width B501 is increased. The above-mentioned drawbacks have been solved brilliantly by suppressing to half of the conventional one.

In addition, as a manufacturing method of the blocks 510 and 520, in order to reduce the cost by mass production, a high vibration molding machine or a high press molding machine as shown in FIG. A method of extruding and molding a block in which raw materials are compacted with a mold having a straight inner surface as shown in FIG.
JP 2002-266304 A

  However, even in the block 520 of Patent Document 1, the joint width B501 formed by the joint keep 525 for inserting joint sand 523 for ensuring the durability of the block pavement exists as it is. It can hardly eliminate the harmful vibrations.

  Further, on a roadway using the block 520, particularly a sidewalk-use road in a living environment, noise such as a slap noise may occur due to the presence of the joint width B501.

  Furthermore, since the block 520 is not devised to prevent the joint sand 523 inserted into the joint from being washed away due to heavy rain, the joint sand 523 is washed away due to a typhoon or a torrential rain caused by the heat island phenomenon, and the block pavement. There is a risk of impairing the durability.

  Therefore, there is room for further improvement in order to solve these problems, and it has been necessary to develop a manufacturing method different from the conventional one with this improvement.

  The present invention provides a paving block and a method for manufacturing the paving block for the purpose of barrier-free, environmental protection, and improvement of pavement durability in view of the above-described conventional drawbacks.

The invention according to claim 1 is a paving block in which, when a plurality of blocks are laid, a projection for regulating the width of a joint formed between the blocks is provided at least on the side of the block, The upper surface edge of the block has an overhang part that partially forms a zero joint where the joint width is almost zero when laying so as to reduce vibration caused by the presence of the joint width , Ri Monodea for each plurality have the a recess portion which functions as an insertion port for filling the joint sand recessed inwardly from the side surfaces of the block, the overhang, the overhang amount of the side face of the block was a 3mm or less Extending downward from the upper surface edge to a portion within 10 mm, and the depression has a depression amount of 5 mm or less from the side surface of the block, and is downward from the upper edge. And it is characterized in that recessed to the site within 5 mm.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the protruding portions are formed at intervals of 10 cm or less at the upper surface edge of the block.

As in the invention of claim 3, wherein said projecting portion is more preferably formed at intervals of less than 3cm in top edge of the block.

  According to invention of Claims 1-5, since the upper surface edge of a block has the overhang | projection part which protruded outside from the side surface of a block, when laying a block, it is not limited to 0 ( A barrier-free joint width close to (zero) is formed. As a result, harmful vibrations given to wheelchairs and strollers can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, noise such as slap noise due to joints is less likely to occur on a roadway using such blocks, particularly on a sidewalk-use road in a living environment.

  Furthermore, the loss of joint sand inserted into the joint due to heavy rain can be prevented, so that the loss of joint sand is less likely to occur due to storms and torrential rain caused by the heat island phenomenon, and the durability of the block pavement is improved.

  According to invention of Claims 6-8, since the upper surface edge of a block further has a hollow part which became depressed inside the side surface of a block, when a block is laid, it is 0 at the projecting part of an opposing block as much as possible. A barrier-free joint width close to (zero) is formed, and a joint sand insertion port and a landscape joint are formed in the depressions of the opposing blocks.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a state in which a plurality of paving blocks are laid, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a P portion thereof, (a) is a perspective view, and (b) is a plan view.

  1, 1, 1,... Are paving blocks (hereinafter simply referred to as blocks) laid in a zigzag pattern, 2, 2,... Are joints formed between the blocks, 3, 3,. ... Are joints as protrusions that regulate the widths of joints 2, 2,. The joint keeps 3, 3,... Are assumed to be provided at least on the side surfaces of the blocks 1, 1,.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the blocks 1, 1,... Are not formed linearly in the joints 2, 2,. The so-called zero joint is formed in which the joint width is partially close to 0 (zero). For example, as shown in FIG. 2B, wheels 4 such as a wheelchair and a stroller can pass on the surface. 5 is a trajectory of the width B through which the wheel 4 passes. The present invention was made for the purpose of reducing harmful vibrations when wheels 4 such as wheelchairs and baby strollers pass by forming the above-mentioned 0 joints between the blocks 1, 1,. is there.

  3A and 3B are views showing the structure of a paving block according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is an overall perspective view, and FIG. 3B is an enlarged plan view of the main part. Although the structure of a specific block will be described here, the other blocks have the same structure.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the block 1 is, for example, of cement concrete type or ceramic type, and the block main body 11 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape including an upper surface 12, a bottom surface 13, and front, rear, left and right side surfaces 14. The upper surface edge 15 of the block main body 11 protrudes outward from the side surface 14 of the block main body 11, and the indeterminate shape or recess that is recessed inward from the side surface 14 of the block main body 11. It is comprised by the hollow part 17 of a fixed shape, respectively.

  The joint keep 3 has a semi-cylindrical shape, and is located at the upper part of the side surface 14 of the block body 11 (the range extending downward from the upper surface edge 15 but not reaching the bottom surface edge 18). Are formed symmetrically about the vertical axis of the center of the block main body 11 at two places on the left and right sides and one place on the top and bottom. The presence of the joint keep 3 prevents excessive stress on the block body 11.

  4 to 6 show an enlarged view of the upper edge of the block and the situation when the block is laid, where (a) is a plan view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is A- A sectional view, (d) is a sectional view taken along the line BB, (e) is a plan view of the joint when the block is laid, and (f) is a sectional view taken along the line EE and D- within the wheel width of the wheelchair or stroller. A synthetic view with a D section, (g) shows a CC sectional view. In the drawing, for easy understanding, the overhanging portion 16 is left white and only the hollow portion 17 is painted in black (the same applies to the following drawings).

  4 (a) and 4 (b), in the block 1, irregularly shaped protruding portions 16 and irregularly shaped depressions 17 are alternately formed in the vertical direction on the paper surface of the upper surface edge 15 of the block body 11. For the following reasons, one or more overhang portions 16 exist at intervals within 10 cm (preferably within 3 cm) in that direction.

  That is, in order to eliminate vehicle noise from the roadway, the tire width of the passenger car is important, but the standard tire width is about 20 cm. In this case, since the tire width is wide, in order to reduce vibration at the zero joint, at least two zero joints are required within the tire width. Therefore, it is sufficient if there are one or more overhang portions 16 at intervals of 10 cm or less.

  On the other hand, in a wheelchair or a stroller on a sidewalk, the standard tire width of the wheel 4 is about 3 cm. In this case, since the tire width is narrow, in order to reduce vibration at the zero joint, it is sufficient that there is at least one zero joint within the tire width. Accordingly, it is only necessary to have one or more protruding portions 16 at intervals of 3 cm or less.

  The 0 joints are ideally formed by direct contact between the overhanging portions 16 facing each other, as shown by C portion in FIG. 2B, but in FIGS. 4E and 4F, As shown, the overhanging portions 16 that are opposed to each other within the interval can be realized so as to overlap in a side view.

  Moreover, it is ideal that the insertion opening for filling the joint sand 19 and the wide joint as the landscape joint are formed by the opposing recessed portions 17 as shown by the D portion in FIG. However, as shown in FIG. 4G, it can be realized by forming the recesses 17 substantially opposed to each other within the interval or between the recesses 17 and the side surfaces 14.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4 (f), it can be easily understood that the joint sand 3 is prevented from being washed away by heavy rain when the joint 3 is appropriately covered with the 0 joint. In this case, it is necessary to set the projecting position and the projecting amount so that the projecting portions 16 facing each other do not interfere with each other and the corners of the block 1 are not formed. These points will be described later. .

  5A to 5G, the overhanging portion 16 is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape, and in FIGS. 6A to 6G, the overhanging portion 16 is formed in a quadrangular prism shape. . In these cases, the overhang positions and overhang amounts of all the overhang portions 16 can be set accurately. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility of the corners of the block 1 being generated due to interference between the protruding portions 16 facing each other.

  Here, the dimension and shape of the overhang part 16 will be described in detail.

  7 to 9 are explanatory views of the size and shape of the protruding portion at the upper surface edge of the block, where (a) is a plan view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is an AA cross-sectional view. It is.

  Usually, sand (joint sand) is filled in a space (joint) formed between blocks in block pavement. Since the maximum dimension of the joint sand is 3 mm or less, the normal joint width by the joint keep 3 is set to 3 mm or less. However, there is a case where the space is expanded in order to promote drainage of rainwater underground. In this case, if the joint width exceeds 10 mm, the heel of the high heel gets stuck in the space and hinders walking, so the maximum joint width is set to 10 mm or less. Therefore, the overhang length L1 of the overhang portion 16 is set to 10 mm or less, which is the maximum joint width in normal block pavement, and is preferably set to 3 mm or less which is a normal joint width by the joint keep 3.

  About the depth D1 of the overhang | projection part 16, in order to fully pack joint sand, it is desirable that it is as shallow as possible. On the other hand, when a vertical load is applied to the block 1, it is necessary to have such a depth that the protruding portion 16 does not fall off from the block body 11. The depth D1 needs to be deeper as the overhang length L1 is larger. Specifically, when the overhang length L1 is 3 mm, it is sufficient that the depth D1 is about 10 mm. Further, when the overhang length L1 is 10 mm, a larger depth D1 is required, but the limit is preferably less than half the thickness of a normal block. Therefore, the depth D1 of the overhanging portion 16 is set to 30 mm or less, which is about half of the thickness D2 of the block 1.

  Thus, by providing the space 20 with the depth D3 between the overhanging portion 16 and the block bottom surface 13, when an excessive load is applied to the block pavement in combination with the presence of the joint keep 3 described above. The block 1 is made easy to rotate. As a result, the concentrated stress generated on the upper surface edge 15 of the block 1 can be reduced, and the corner chipping of the block 1 can be prevented.

  Further, when a large stress is generated due to interference between the upper surface edges 15 of the opposing blocks 1, the overhanging portion 16 is chipped by itself, so that the stress is released and the corner chipping of the block main body 11 can be prevented. Furthermore, since the projecting portion 16 formed thin is missing, it is possible to obtain construction flexibility when the block 1 is laid. Therefore, the elevation surface of the overhanging portion 16 shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C is a substantially inverted triangle. Moreover, the plane of the overhang | projection part 16 shown to Fig.8 (a)-(c) is a semicircle shape. Moreover, the plane of the overhang | projection part 16 shown to Fig.9 (a)-(c) is narrow. Note that the shape of the overhanging portion 16 is not limited to the above shape, and any shape that can achieve the same effect can be adopted.

  Next, the size and shape of the recess 17 will be described in detail.

  FIGS. 10A and 10B are explanatory views of the size and shape of the depressions at the upper edge of the block, where FIG. 10A is a plan view, FIG. 10B is a side view, FIG. 10C is a cross-sectional view along AA, and FIG. The top view when laying a block, (e) is an AA sectional view at that time.

  The dimensions of the recess 17 as shown in FIGS. 10A to 10C are set in consideration of walking safety. Specifically, the width L2, the depth B1, and the depth D4 of the hollow portion 17 are all about 10 mm or less so as not to hinder normal walking. However, when the recess 16 of the block 1 facing when the block 1 is laid is located on the same line, the width L3 of the recess 17 formed as shown in FIGS. It is about 10 mm or less like L2. In that case, it is desirable that the width L2, the depth B1, and the depth D4 of the hollow portion 17 are about 5 mm or less, which is half of the above.

  The shape of the hollow portion 17 is not particularly limited, and any shape that is a regular shape or an irregular shape can be adopted.

  Then, the manufacturing method of the pavement block of this invention is demonstrated.

  FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a high vibration molding machine or a high press molding machine used in a method for manufacturing a paving block having joints, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration, and (b). (C) is the Q section enlarged view.

  As shown in FIG. 11A, the high vibration molding machine includes a vibration table 111, a receiving plate 112, a mold 113, a press plate 114, a shoe 115 with a vibrator, and a supply box 117. However, the high press machine is configured by a hydraulic press 116 instead of the shoe 115 with the vibrator.

  In forming the block of the conventional example, a mold 113 having a straight inner surface as shown in 11 (b) is used. That is, a block 119 in which the mold 113 on the vibration table 111 is filled with the raw material 118 using the supply box 117, is sufficiently compacted by the vibrator shoe 115 (hydraulic press 116), and the mold 113 is floated and compacted. Extrude to mold.

  In this molding, it is impossible to extrude and mold a shape having unevenness in the extrusion direction on the side surface of the mold 113 (side surface of the block 1).

  Usually, when the block 1 having an uneven shape is extruded on the side surface of the mold 113 (side surface of the block 1), a slide mold that opens and closes to the left and right is used, leading to an increase in the cost of the paving block. For this reason, this type of block is not generally used.

  In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11 (c), this problem is solved by using a mold 113 a having a recess corresponding to the projecting portion 16 instead of the mold 113. That is, the overhanging portion 16 projecting outside the side surface of the mold 113a (the side surface of the block 1) can be extruded from the mold 113a after the raw material used for the block 1 is put into the mold 113a and compacted. It shape | molds in the hollow part of the metal mold | die 113a extended in this extrusion direction. The mold 113a may be designed to have the above-described depression, but a mold having the above-mentioned depression naturally formed by using a normal mold 113 can also be used.

  At the time of forming the overhanging portion 16, the composition of the raw material is set so that the hollow portion 17 recessed inside the side surface of the mold 113 a (side surface of the block 1) creates a nest (void) corresponding to the hollow portion 17. Mold by. The size of the hollow portion 17 that can be formed by the nest depends on the maximum dimension (maximum aggregate dimension) of aggregate such as gravel used as a material.

  According to the experience of the present inventor, the dimension of the recess portion 17 necessary for the block 1 is such that the recess amount from the side surface 14 of the block body 11 is 10 mm or less and is within 10 mm downward from the upper surface edge 15. In the case where the nest is recessed, the maximum aggregate dimension is required to be approximately 15 mm or less in order to form a nest corresponding to the nest.

  In addition, as a dimension of the dent portion 17 necessary for the block 1, when the dent amount from the side surface 14 of the block main body 11 is 5 mm or less and is recessed downward from the upper surface edge 15 to within 5 mm, It has been found that in order to form a corresponding nest, it is desirable that the maximum aggregate size is approximately 7 mm or less.

  By these, the manufacturing method of this invention makes it possible to provide the pavement block which has an unevenness | corrugation in the extrusion direction with respect to the side surface of the block 1 at low cost.

  The effect of the present invention was confirmed using the paving block manufactured as described above.

  FIG. 12 illustrates that the vibration applied to the wheelchair and the stroller when the paving block of the present invention is laid is reduced. The vibration applied to the wheelchair is compared with the conventional paving blocks 510 and 520 (lower stage) and the present invention. This is a comparative measurement of the paving block 1 (upper stage).

  From the figure, by using the paving block 1 of the present invention, 0 joints (target value is 0), which has been impossible in the past, can be achieved. Thus, compared to the conventional blocks 510 and 520, the joint 2 is used. It can be seen that the vibration is greatly reduced. In addition, since the joint width is 0 on the roadway, it can be easily understood that vibration due to the joint 2 does not occur, and thus noise such as the fluttering sound seen in the conventional blocks 510 and 520 does not occur.

  As a result, it was confirmed that the barrier-free block pavement that is friendly to wheelchairs and strollers was provided on the sidewalks and plazas, and the low-noise block pavement was provided on the roadway, which contributed to environmental conservation.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining that the pavement block of the present invention enhances the durability of block pavement by suppressing runoff of joint sand due to heavy rain, (a) is a conventional example, (b). Shows this embodiment.

  FIG. 13A shows a mechanism in which joint sand 141 is washed away by heavy rain in the conventional block pavement. That is, in the conventional block pavement, since the blocks 510 and 520 are not structured to prevent the joint sand 143 from being washed away by the surface water flow 142 during heavy rain, the joint sand 141 is washed away. The function of the joint sand 141 in the pavement is lost, and the durability of the pavement is lowered.

  FIG.13 (b) shows that the block 1 of this invention has a function which suppresses the loss of the joint sand 141 by heavy rain. That is, in the block pavement of the present invention, the joint 2 between the blocks 1 is covered with the plurality of overhanging portions 16, and thus the joint sand 141 is prevented from being washed away by the surface water stream 142 during heavy rain. .

  Thereby, in the pavement using the block 1 of the present invention, the runoff of the joint sand 141 due to heavy rain is suppressed, the function of the joint sand 141 in the block pavement is maintained, and the durability of the pavement is improved.

  In addition, in the block 1 of the above-described embodiment, the one having the joint keep 3 on the upper portion of the side surface 14 of the block main body 11 has been described, but the one having the joint keep 3 on the lower portion of the side face 14 of the block main body 11 In some cases, the block 1 of the present invention can also be applied to those having the joint keep 3 from the upper surface edge 15 to the bottom surface edge 18 of the side surface 14 of the present invention. That is, when the load applied to the block 1 is very small, it is considered that there is almost no rotation about the bottom edge 18 of the block 1 as a fulcrum.

  Moreover, in the manufacturing method of the block 1 of the said embodiment, although the slide type | mold etc. which become high cost at the time of mass production are not used, in the case of a small-scale production etc., as the block 1 is manufactured using it. Also good.

It is a top view which shows the state which laid the paving block. It is the perspective view which expanded the P section of the block for paving. It is a figure which shows the detailed structure of the paving block which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is a whole perspective view, (b) is the top view to which the principal part was expanded. It is a figure which shows the variation of the principal part of the block for paving, Comprising: (a) (b) (e) is a top view, (c) (d) (f) (g) is sectional drawing. It is a figure which shows the variation of the principal part of the block for paving, Comprising: (a) (b) (e) is a top view, (c) (d) (f) (g) is sectional drawing. It is a figure which shows the variation of the principal part of the block for paving, Comprising: (a) (b) (e) is a top view, (c) (d) (f) (g) is sectional drawing. It is explanatory drawing of the dimension and shape of the overhang | projection part of a paving block, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view, (c) is AA sectional drawing. It is explanatory drawing of the dimension and shape of the overhang | projection part of a paving block, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view, (c) is AA sectional drawing. It is explanatory drawing of the dimension and shape of the overhang | projection part of a paving block, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view, (c) is AA sectional drawing. It is explanatory drawing of the dimension and shape of the hollow part of a paving block, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view, (c) is AA sectional drawing, (d) is a plane when laying FIG. 4E is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing method of the block for pavements, Comprising: (a) is sectional drawing, (b) (c) is sectional drawing to which the Q section was expanded. It is explanatory drawing of the vibration reduction effect of the block for paving. It is explanatory drawing of the joint sand loss control effect of the block for paving. It is a figure which shows the detailed structure in an example of the conventional paving block, Comprising: (a) is a whole perspective view, (b) is the top view to which the principal part was expanded. It is a figure which shows the detailed structure in the other example of the conventional paving block, Comprising: (a) is a whole perspective view, (b) is the top view to which the principal part was expanded.

Explanation of symbols

1 Block for paving (block)
2 Joint 3 Keep joint (protrusion)
4 Wheel 5 Trajectory 11 Block body 12 Upper surface 13 Bottom surface 14 Side surface 15 Upper surface edge 16 Overhang portion 17 Recessed portion 18 Bottom surface edge 19 Joint sand

Claims (3)

When a plurality of blocks are laid, a projection for regulating the width of the joint formed between the blocks is a paving block provided on at least the upper part of the side surface of the block,
The upper surface edge of the block has an overhang part that partially forms a zero joint where the joint width is almost zero when laying so as to reduce vibration caused by the presence of the joint width separately from the protrusion , Ri Monodea of each plurality have the a recess portion which functions as an insertion port for filling the joint sand recessed inwardly from the side surfaces of the block,
The projecting portion has a projecting amount of 3 mm or less from the side surface of the block, and extends downward from the upper surface edge to a site within 10 mm.
The pavement block is characterized in that a depression amount from the side surface of the block is 5 mm or less and is depressed downward from the upper surface edge to within 5 mm . The overhang, paving block according to claim 1, characterized in that it is formed with a spacing 10cm in top edge of the block. The overhang, paving block according to claim 1, characterized in that it is formed in the following intervals 3cm on the upper surface edge of the block.

Images