JP4516174B2 - Separator centrifuge - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a separation plate type centrifuge, and more specifically, as a mechanism for discharging sludge, a separation plate type in which a total discharge mechanism and a partial discharge mechanism are provided as independent mechanisms independently in one separation plate type centrifuge. It relates to a centrifuge.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Separation plate type centrifuges are suitable for separating fine solids in processing liquids with high accuracy, because a large centrifugal force can be obtained at high speed rotation, and the laminated separation plates have a large sedimentation area. It is used in many industrial fields. In particular, it is often used for cleaning fuel oil and lubricating oil of marine diesel engine engines.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 5, a separation plate type centrifugal separator 100 having a conventional partial discharge mechanism includes a rotating body 101 that rotates at a high speed, and a raw solution (for example, a mixed liquid of oil, water, and solids) in the rotating body 101. ), A separation chamber S having a separation plate 108 mounted with a plurality of stacked small gaps along the guide tube 107 for centrifuging the stock solution, and the separation chamber S The valve cylinder 103 that operates in the vertical direction of the rotary shaft 114 in order to discharge the sludge separated in the above, the operating water supply parts 104 and 105 for opening and closing the valve cylinder 103, the pilot valve V, and the operating water Is supplied to the pilot valve V or from a partial discharge mechanism configured to discharge the working water to the outside, and an oil extraction unit 106 for extracting the clean oil separated in the separation chamber S out of the system. The main section is configured.
[0004]
The separation plate type centrifuge 100 composed of these functions as follows.
The stock solution introduced into the lower part of the separation chamber S in the rotating body 101 by the guide tube 107 through the liquid inlet pipe 102 is subjected to the action of centrifugal force in the separation chamber S in the rotating body 101 rotating at high speed. The sludge portion that is separated by the difference in specific gravity and has a high specific gravity moves outward in the radial direction along the lower surface of the separation plate 108 and accumulates in the outermost diameter portion of the separation chamber S. During this time, low-pressure (for example, 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG original pressure is reduced to 0.02 MPaG) valve closing water is introduced from the nozzle A ′ to the valve closing water pressure chamber 105a, and centrifugal force acts on the valve closing water. A high pressure is generated, and the valve cylinder 103 is pushed upward to come into pressure contact with the valve packing 109 mounted on the bottom edge of the rotating body lid 101a to seal the sludge discharge port 110.
[0005]
In the above description, the time required for the accumulated amount of sludge accumulated in the rotator 101 to be a predetermined amount is determined from the processing amount of the stock solution and the content of the sludge, and the solenoid valve is operated by a timer installed in an automatic control panel (not shown). The valve opening water at a high pressure (for example, the original pressure of 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG is reduced to 0.3 MPaG) higher than the pressure for supplying the valve closing water to the valve closing water pressure chamber 105a is supplied from the nozzle A 'to the orifice. The valve opening water introduced into the weir and overflowing the weir WR on the nozzle B ′ side is introduced into the valve opening water pressure chamber 104a for a short time (for example, 0.5 seconds). A high pressure is generated by the centrifugal force acting on the valve opening water, and the generated water pressure overcomes the centrifugal force that the valve body 111 of the pilot valve V is pressed outward in the radial direction of the rotating body 101. Thus, the rotating body 101 moves inward in the radial direction. By this movement, the seal of the pilot valve V with the valve closing water drain hole 113 by the valve body 111 is broken, and the valve closing water in the valve closing water pressure chamber 105a instantaneously flows out from the valve closing water discharge hole 112 to the outside.
[0006]
As a result, the valve cylinder 103 is lowered, the seal of the sludge discharge port 110 is broken, and the sludge accumulated in the rotating body 101 is discharged from the sludge discharge port 110 to the outside. Thereafter, the supply of the valve opening water is immediately stopped, the valve body 111 of the pilot valve V is returned to the original position by the centrifugal force of the rotating body 101 itself, and the valve closing water drain hole 113 is sealed again. When the valve-closing water is supplied from the nozzle A ′, the valve-closing water is filled in the valve-closing water pressure chamber 105a, so that the valve cylinder 103 is pushed upward and comes into pressure contact with the valve packing 109 again. Sealed and sludge discharge stops.
[0007]
On the other hand, clean oil (light liquid) having a low specific gravity separated in the separation chamber rises while moving toward the rotating shaft 114 along the lower surface of the separation plate 108 and is discharged to the outside from the liquid extraction unit 106.
The excess water separated in the separation chamber is discharged to the outside from a flow path between the water collecting plate T′D ′ and the upper inner wall of the rotating body 101.
[0008]
The above explanation has explained the operation when the partial discharge function of the pilot valve V is used as a conventional sludge discharge mechanism. However, when the total discharge function of the same pilot valve V is to be used, the following is performed. Was operating.
This has been dealt with by supplying high-pressure (for example, 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG original pressure) valve-opening water from the nozzle B 'to the valve-opening water pressure chamber 104a.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional separation plate centrifuge 100 having a partial discharge mechanism has the following problems.
(1) When sludge is discharged, the valve cylinder 103 is opened and closed with one pilot valve V that can be used for either the total discharge function or the partial discharge function. For this reason, the partial discharge function is controlled by adjusting the working water charging time and the working water pressure. As a result, it was difficult to precisely adjust the opening and valve opening time of the valve cylinder 103 within a short operation time such as during partial discharge, and the accuracy was very low.
(2) Further, if the valve opening water is supplied to the valve opening water pressure chamber 104a, the valve closing water in the valve closing water pressure chamber 105a instantaneously escapes from the valve closing water discharge hole 112 to the outside. Therefore, the amount of sludge discharged at one time is about 50% by volume of the total amount of sludge in the rotating body 101. Therefore, the loss of the stock solution is inevitably large, and the clean oil (light (Liquid) yield was poor. Also, since the partial discharge function is mainly operated with the total discharge function as an auxiliary, the total discharge function cannot be used 100%, so solid solids and segregation inside the rotating body 101 are apt to occur. When the solid content concentration in the stock solution was high, the rotating body 101 was likely to be unbalanced during operation.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problem, and is capable of precisely adjusting the opening degree of the valve cylinder at the time of partial discharge, and the separation plate type centrifugal separation in which the unbalance of the rotating body hardly occurs during operation. The purpose is to provide a machine.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems. Key points of The reason is that a large number of separating plates are attached in the axial direction of the guide cylinder in the rotating body, and the sludge is separated by centrifugal force by introducing the stock solution from the guide cylinder into the separating chamber, and is mounted in the rotating body. In the separation plate type centrifuge that opens and closes the sludge discharge port by operating the valve cylinder in the axial direction with working water, and discharges the sludge to the outside, the rotary cylinder below the large-diameter column part of the rotating body At least one pair of partial discharge mechanism and total discharge mechanism for sludge discharge are provided at symmetrical positions. The partial discharge mechanism has a plurality of lateral grooves along the inner periphery on the rotating body side so as to face the outer periphery of the rotating shaft provided on the lower center side of the rotating body, to provide an appropriate gap with the rotating shaft. An orifice weir, a conduit switching device having a working water supply pipe for supplying working water between the orifice weir and the rotating shaft, and a low pressure that does not overflow the orifice weir when the valve cylinder is closed The closed water formed by the valve-closing water supply path for supplying the valve-closing water to the valve-closing water pressure chamber provided along the lower part of the valve cylinder, the valve-closing water pressure chamber, and the first valve-closing water drain hole. When the valve cylinder is opened, the valve water supply passage for supplying high-pressure valve-opening water overflowing the orifice weir to the valve-opening water pressure chamber of the pilot valve and the valve cylinder are opened. Later, the valve-opening water is removed from the valve-opening water supply passage. A valve opening water supply line formed from a water drain nozzle for drawing out into the valve, and a valve cylinder provided at an upper portion along the valve closing water pressure chamber for opening and closing a portion that presses the valve packing when sludge is discharged; A T-shaped valve that communicates with the first valve-closing water discharge hole at its upper part, communicates with the valve-opening water supply passage and the second valve-closing water drainage hole at its lower part, and is slidable inside A pilot valve having an internal body, a buffer tank that is provided below the second valve-closing water drain hole, and temporarily stores the valve-closing water, and an amount of valve-closing water that is discharged from the buffer tank to the outside. A valve closing water discharge line formed from a valve closing water discharge amount adjusting nozzle to be adjusted constitutes a main part, and the total discharge mechanism is arranged on the outer periphery of a rotating shaft provided on the lower center side of the rotating body. Oppositely, a gap is provided as appropriate with the rotating shaft, An orifice weir having a plurality of lateral grooves along the inner periphery on the rolling element side, a conduit switching device provided with a working water supply pipe for supplying working water between the orifice weir and the rotating shaft, and the valve cylinder Is formed from a valve-closing water supply passage that supplies low-pressure valve-closing water that does not overflow the orifice weir to a valve-closing water pressure chamber provided along the lower part of the valve cylinder, and a valve-closing water discharge hole. A valve-closing water supply line, a valve-opening water supply path for supplying high-pressure valve-opening water directly to the valve-opening water pressure chamber of the pilot valve without overflowing the orifice weir when the valve cylinder is opened, and a valve A valve opening water supply line formed from a drain nozzle for extracting the valve opening water to the outside from the valve opening water supply path after opening the cylinder, and provided at the upper part along the valve closing water pressure chamber, When draining sludge, A valve cylinder that opens and closes a portion that presses against the kin, and communicates with the valve-closing water discharge hole at the upper part thereof, communicates with the valve-opening water supply passage at the lower part thereof, and a T-shaped valve body is slidable inside. The main part is composed of a pilot valve with a closed water discharge hole that is installed inside and discharges the entire amount of closed water to the outside. It is characterized by this.
[0012]
In this way, by providing at least a pair of sludge discharge total discharge mechanism and partial discharge mechanism so as to be symmetrical with respect to the rotation axis at the lower part of the large-diameter cylindrical portion of the rotating body, The partial discharge mechanism can be used as an independent dedicated mechanism.
[0014]
Thus, the second closed water drain hole is provided downstream of the pilot valve of the partial discharge mechanism separated from the total discharge mechanism and the closed water is temporarily provided below the second closed water drain hole. A valve cylinder at the time of partial discharge is provided by providing a closed water discharge line formed by a buffer tank stored in the buffer tank and a closed water discharge amount adjusting nozzle for adjusting the amount of closed valve water discharged from the buffer tank to the outside The opening of can be adjusted precisely. As a result, it became possible to always adjust the sludge discharge amount stably.
[0016]
In order to compensate for the drawbacks of the partial discharge mechanism, a total discharge exclusive mechanism configured as described above is provided separately from the partial discharge mechanism so that the total discharge function can be used 100%. As a whole machine, sludge can be discharged reliably and reliably, and unbalance of the rotating body can be made difficult to occur. As a result, it is possible to provide a separation plate centrifuge that can maintain the mutual merits of both mechanisms and can maintain high separation treatment stability of sludge.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of a separation plate type centrifuge according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a front sectional view of a separation plate type centrifugal separator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 (a) is a detailed sectional view of a partial discharging mechanism, and FIG. 2 (b) is a detailed sectional view of a total discharging mechanism. 3 is a working water branching device used when working water is supplied to the total discharge mechanism and the partial discharge mechanism, and FIG. 4 is an operation of the total discharge mechanism and the partial discharge mechanism of the separation plate centrifuge according to the present invention. It is a timing chart which shows an example.
[0018]
The separation plate type centrifugal separator referred to in the present invention is a plate in which a large number of separation plates made of thin frustoconical plates are stacked in the rotating body with a small gap along the axial direction of the guide cylinder. This means a centrifugal separator having a mechanism for discharging sludge separated and deposited in a rotating body to the outside by opening and closing a valve cylinder. The sludge in the present invention means a mixture of solid content, water content and oil content (light liquid content) separated and deposited on the outermost diameter side of the rotating body by centrifugal force.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 1, the separation plate type centrifugal separator 1 according to the present invention is
A rotating body 3 attached to the rotating shaft 2 and rotating at a high speed;
A liquid inlet pipe 4 for supplying a stock solution into the rotating body 3;
A guide tube 5 for guiding the stock solution from the lowermost part in the rotating body 3 to the separation chamber SZ;
A separation chamber SZ having a separation plate 10 mounted in a stack with a plurality of small gaps along the axial direction of the guide cylinder 5 in order to separate the stock solution;
In order to discharge the sludge separated in the separation chamber SZ to the outside, a partial discharge mechanism 6 and a total of which are provided in pairs at symmetrical positions of the rotary shaft 2 along the periphery of the lower part of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 3b of the rotating body 3 A discharge mechanism 7;
A liquid extraction part 9 for extracting the oil (light liquid) separated in the separation chamber SZ to the outside;
The main part consists of
[0020]
The rotating body 3 is a large-diameter cylindrical portion 3b whose upper half is a substantially frustoconical trapezoidal portion and whose lower half is a diameter larger than the large diameter of the truncated frustoconical portion. is doing. The rotating body 3 is fixed so that it can rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 2.
At the lower center side of the rotating body 3, orifice weirs 6 h and 7 h for switching the conduit for switching the supply line for supplying the working water to the partial discharge mechanism 6 and the total discharge mechanism 7 by the supply pressure of the working water are provided on the rotary shaft 2. Are provided with a suitable space around the periphery. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), between the orifice weirs 6h and 7h for switching the conduits and the rotary shaft 2, the conduit weirs 6h and 7h for switching the conduits are connected. Working water supply pipes 6m and 7m are provided in the axial direction. The diversion channel switching orifice weirs 6h and 7h and the pilot valves PV and P'V 'are connected to the diversion channels such as the valve-opening water supply channels 6g and 7g and the valve-opening water pressure chambers 61 and 71.
[0021]
The liquid inlet pipe 4 is a pipe that is provided at the upper part of the center of the rotator 3 and supplies the stock solution from the outside into the rotator 3.
[0022]
The guide tube 5 is provided at the center of the rotating body 3 and has a divergent shape for guiding the stock solution introduced from the liquid inlet pipe 4 into the rotating body 3 from the lowermost part of the rotating body 3 to the separation chamber SZ. It is a member.
[0023]
The separation chamber SZ is a chamber for separating the stock solution into each component due to the difference in specific gravity by centrifugal force, and a separation region in which a large number of separation plates 10 are stacked in the axial direction of the guide tube 5 and mounted. It is formed from the sludge accumulation region of the outermost diameter portion in the rotating body 3. As the undiluted solution introduced into the separation chamber SZ flows up through the gaps between the separation plates 10, water and solids with high specific gravity flow to the sludge accumulation region, and oil (light liquid) flows to the center side of the rotating body 3. The liquid having a low specific gravity is discharged to the outside as oil (light liquid) from the liquid extraction portion 9 provided at the upper portion of the rotating body 3. On the other hand, excess water separated in the separation chamber SZ is discharged outside from the liquid extraction portion 8 through a flow path formed between the water intake plate TD and the upper inner wall of the rotating body 3.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 2A, the partial discharge mechanism 6
A working water branching device to be described later for supplying working water of a predetermined pressure to the working water supply pipe 6m;
A conduit switching unit for overflowing the weir W1 of the orifice weir 6h having a plurality of lateral grooves opened to the rotating shaft 2 side by the pressure of the working water supplied from the working water supply pipe 6m;
When the valve cylinder 6a is closed, the low-pressure valve-closing water that does not overflow the weir W1 (for example, water whose original pressure is 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG and the supply pressure is 0.02 MPaG) A valve-closing water supply path 6k communicating with an upper portion of an orifice weir 6h supplied to a valve-closing water pressure chamber 6b provided along a lower portion of a valve cylinder 6a provided in a radial direction above an intermediate portion of the discharge mechanism 6; Formed from a valve-closing water pressure chamber 6b connected to the valve-closing water supply path 6k and a first valve-closing water drain hole 6c connected to the lower side of the outer body side end of the valve-closing water pressure chamber 6b. With closed valve water supply line,
When the valve cylinder 6a is opened, the high-pressure valve-opening water that overflows the weir W1 (for example, water whose original pressure is 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG and the supply pressure is 0.3 MPaG) is supplied to the weir W1. For opening the valve-opening water from the valve-opening water supply path 6g after the valve cylinder 6a is opened and the valve-opening water supply path 6g supplied to the valve-opening water pressure chamber 6l of the pilot valve PV A valve-opening water supply line composed of a water draining nozzle 6f;
A valve cylinder 6a provided at an upper portion along the valve-closing water pressure chamber 6b, for opening and closing a portion that presses the valve packing 6P when discharging sludge;
An upper part communicates with the first valve-closing water drain hole 6c, and a lower part communicates with the valve-opening water supply passage 6g and the second valve-closing water drain hole 6i, and is slidable inside. Of the first valve opening water drain hole 6c and the second valve opening water drain hole 6i by moving the T-shaped valve element 6e to the rotating shaft 2 side by the valve opening water. A pilot valve PV provided at the bottom outer body of the rotating body 3 for opening and closing the flow path of
Provided in the second valve closing water drain hole 6i, a buffer tank 6j that is provided below the second valve closing water drain hole 6i and temporarily stores the valve closing water, and a lower corner of the rotating body 3. A valve-closing water discharge line formed by the valve-closing water discharge amount adjustment nozzle 6d;
The main part consists of
The shape of the working water supply pipe 6m is a circular nozzle pipe whose tip is bent at 90 degrees, and the tip is inserted into the uppermost horizontal groove of the orifice weir 6h.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the total discharge mechanism 7
A working water branching device to be described later for supplying working water of a predetermined pressure to the working water supply pipe 7m;
An orifice weir 7h having a plurality of lateral grooves opened on the rotating shaft 2 side that can supply the working water supplied from the working water supply pipe 7m to a predetermined position;
When the valve cylinder 7a is closed, the low-pressure valve-closing water that does not overflow the weir W'1 from the valve-closing water supply passage 6k of the partial discharge mechanism 6 (for example, the high-pressure water having an original pressure of 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG is reduced. A closed water pressure chamber 7b provided along a lower portion of a valve cylinder 7a provided in a radial direction above an intermediate portion of the total discharge mechanism 7 supplied with water having a supply pressure of 0.02 MPaG, and the valve closing A valve-closing water supply line formed from a valve-closing water discharge hole 7c connected to the lower side of the outer trunk side end of the water pressure chamber 7b;
When the valve cylinder 7a is opened, high-pressure valve opening water (for example, supply pressure of 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG) is directly inserted into the lateral groove formed by the weir W'2 and the weir W'3 from the nozzle B of the working water supply pipe 7m. Water), the valve-opening water pressure chamber 7l can be filled with the working water in a short time, and the valve-opening water is supplied to the valve-opening water after the valve cylinder 7a is opened. A valve-opening water supply line formed from a water drain nozzle 7f for extracting from the supply path 7g to the outside;
A valve cylinder 7a provided at an upper portion along the valve-closing water pressure chamber 7b, which opens and closes a portion that presses the valve packing 7P when sludge is discharged;
The upper part communicates with the valve-closing water discharge hole 7c, the lower part communicates with the valve-opening water supply passage 7g, and a slidable T-shaped valve body 7e is provided in the interior thereof. A pilot valve P′V ′ having a valve closing water discharge hole 7d for moving the valve body 7e toward the rotary shaft 2 and discharging the entire amount of valve closing water to the outside;
The main part consists of
The shape of the working water supply pipe 7m is a circular nozzle pipe whose tip is bent at 90 degrees, and the tip is inserted into the uppermost horizontal groove of the orifice weir 7h.
[0026]
By constructing in this way and making the total discharge mechanism a sludge discharge mechanism separated and independent from the partial discharge mechanism, the total discharge function can be set and operated arbitrarily, so that solids adhere to the rotating body wall and segregate. Can be suitably prevented. Therefore, since the balance during operation of the rotating body is improved, the maintenance interval of the machine can be extended, and the maintenance cost of the rotating shaft system can be reduced.
[0027]
Next, attachment positions of the partial discharge mechanism 6 and the total discharge mechanism 7 of the separation plate centrifuge 1 according to the present invention will be described.
In the drawing of FIG. 1, the total discharge mechanism 7 is illustrated as being provided at symmetrical positions with respect to the partial discharge mechanism 6 with the rotation shaft 2 interposed therebetween. In this embodiment, a pair of partial discharge mechanisms 6 and a pair of total discharge mechanisms 7 are provided at symmetrical positions with the rotating shaft 2 in between (in this embodiment, the partial discharge mechanism 6 and the total discharge are The mechanism 7 is mounted at a 90-degree sorting position).
As described above, the unbalance of the rotating body 3 can be made difficult to occur by providing the pair of total discharge mechanisms and the pair of partial discharge mechanisms at symmetrical positions with the rotation shaft interposed therebetween.
[0028]
The operation of the separation plate type centrifugal separator 1 according to the present invention having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. Here, the overall movement will be described with the partial discharge mechanism 6 and the total discharge mechanism 7 associated with each other.
The stock solution introduced from the liquid inlet pipe 4 into the lower part of the separation chamber SZ by the guide cylinder 5 is converted into oil (light liquid), water, and sludge by the action of the centrifugal force of the rotating body 3 that rotates at a high speed in the separation chamber SZ. The separated sludge having a high specific gravity moves radially outward along the lower surface of the separation plate 10 and accumulates on the outermost diameter portion of the separation chamber SZ. During this time, low-pressure valve-closing water is supplied as operating water from the operating-water supply pipe 6m, and the valve-closing water that has passed through the valve-closing water supply path 6k is introduced into the valve-closing water pressure chambers 6b and 7b. At that time, centrifugal force acts on the valve-closing water to generate a high pressure, pushes the valve cylinders 6a and 7a upward, and presses against the valve packings 6P and 7P mounted on the peripheral bottom of the rotating body lid 3a to sludge. The discharge ports se1 and se2 are sealed.
[0029]
In the above description, the amount of time during which the accumulated amount of sludge accumulated in the rotating body 3 reaches a predetermined amount is determined from the processing amount of the stock solution and the content of the sludge, and the valve-opening water is supplied to the valve-opening water pressure chamber 6l by a timer (not shown). (Or 7l).
During partial discharge of sludge, that is, when valve opening water is supplied to the valve opening water pressure chamber 6l of the pilot valve PV, the valve body 6e moves to the rotary shaft 2 side and the first valve closing water is discharged by the valve body 6e. The seal with the hole 6c is broken, and the valve-closing water in the valve-closing water pressure chamber 6b is discharged from the valve-closing water discharge amount adjusting nozzle 6d, and the remaining valve-opening water in the valve-opening water supply passage 6g is drained from the nozzle. It flows out from 6f. At this time, a buffer tank 6j that is provided below the second valve closing water drain hole 6i and the second valve closing water drain hole 6i and temporarily stores the valve closing water serves as a cushion, and the buffer tank 6j By adjusting the discharge amount of the valve closing water discharge amount adjusting nozzle 6d provided below and provided at the lower corner portion of the rotating body 3, the valve closing water does not instantaneously escape to the outside. Back pressure can be applied, and the opening of the valve cylinder 6a can be precisely adjusted by applying the back pressure.
On the other hand, at the time of total discharge of sludge, that is, when the valve opening water is supplied to the valve opening water pressure chamber 7l of the pilot valve P'V ', the valve body 7e moves to the rotating shaft 2 side and the valve closing water by the valve body 7e. The seal with the discharge hole 7c is broken, and all of the valve-closing water in the valve-closing water pressure chamber 7b is drained from the valve-closing water discharge hole 7d, and the remaining valve-opening water in the valve-opening water supply passage 7g is drained. It flows out of the nozzle 7f.
In this way, when valve opening water is supplied to the partial discharge mechanism and the total discharge mechanism in order to discharge sludge, centrifugal force acts on the valve opening water to generate a high pressure, and this pressure causes the pilot valve PV (or The valve body 6e (or the valve body 7e) of the pilot valve P'V ') overcomes the centrifugal force and moves inward in the radial direction. By this movement, the seal between the valve body 6e (or the valve body 7e) and the first valve closing water drain hole 6c (or the valve closing water drain hole 7c) is broken, and the valve closing water pressure chamber 6b (or valve closing water pressure chamber 7b) is broken. ) In the valve-closing water discharge amount adjusting nozzle 6d (or valve-closing water discharge hole 7d) and the remaining liquid in the valve-opening water supply path 6g (or valve-opening water supply path 7g) It flows out from the drain nozzle 6f (or drain nozzle 7f) to the outside.
[0030]
As a result, the valve cylinder 6a (or the valve cylinder 7a) is lowered, the seal of the sludge discharge port se1 (or sludge discharge port se2) is broken, and the accumulated sludge is discharged from the sludge discharge port se1 (or sludge discharge port se2). It is discharged outside. Thereafter, the supply of the valve opening water is immediately stopped. When the supply of the valve opening water is stopped, the valve body 6e (or the valve body 7e) returns to the original position by the centrifugal force, and the pilot valve PV (or the pilot valve P ' V ′) and the first valve-closing water drain hole 6c (or valve-closing water drain hole 7c) can be sealed, so when valve-closing water is supplied again, the valve-closing water pressure chamber 6b (or valve-closing water pressure chamber) 7b) is filled with valve-closing water, the valve cylinder 6a (or valve cylinder 7a) is pushed upward, and the sludge discharge port se1 (or sludge discharge port se2) is sealed again.
[0031]
Excess water separated in the separation chamber passes through a gap provided between the water take-off plate TD of the separation plate 10 and the inner wall of the rotating body lid 3a to the outside from the liquid discharge portion 8 above the rotating body 3. As extracted.
On the other hand, oil with a low specific gravity (light liquid) is collected on the rotating shaft 2 side of the rotating body 3 while raising the laminated separation plates 10 from the bottom to the top, and from the liquid extraction part 9 above the rotating body 3 to the outside. Extracted as clean oil (light liquid).
[0032]
Next, the separation plate type centrifugal separator 1 according to the present invention is provided with the partial discharge mechanism 6 as an independent mechanism, so that the opening degree of the valve cylinder 6a can be precisely adjusted as shown in FIG. Will be described with reference to FIG.
By supplying high-pressure valve-opening water (for example, water having a supply pressure of 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG) to the valve-opening water pressure chamber 6l of the pilot valve PV, the valve body 6e of the pilot valve PV and the first valve-closing water are supplied. The seal with the drain hole 6c is broken. Thereafter, the valve-closing water in the valve-closing water pressure chamber 6b passes through the pilot valve PV and is provided at the second valve-closing water drain hole 6i and below the second valve-closing water drain hole 6i. The water is discharged from the valve closing water discharge amount adjusting nozzle 6d to the outside through the buffer tank 6j for temporarily storing water. On the other hand, the remaining liquid of the valve opening water in the valve opening water supply path 6g is discharged to the outside from the drain nozzle 6f.
At this time, on the downstream side of the pilot valve PV, the second valve closing water drain hole 6i, the buffer tank 6j for temporarily storing the valve closing water below the second valve closing water drain hole 6i, By providing a valve-closing water discharge amount adjusting nozzle 6d provided under the buffer tank 6j and adjusting the discharge amount of the valve-closing water discharge amount adjusting nozzle 6d, the valve-closing water in the valve-closing water pressure chamber 6b is instantaneously supplied. It will not come out to the outside. As a result, it is possible to apply a constant back pressure to the valve cylinder 6a, and the opening degree of the valve cylinder 6a can be precisely adjusted by applying the back pressure.
The discharge amount of the valve closing water discharge amount adjusting nozzle 6d is determined by penetrating a male screw having a taper screw having a hole in the center thereof and a female screw portion having a taper screw provided at a lower corner of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 3b. The valve-closing water discharge amount can be adjusted by inserting into the hole and screwing to adjust the hole diameter (orifice diameter) of the screw portion.
When the supply of the high-pressure valve opening water is stopped and the valve opening water does not exceed the weir W1, the valve cylinder 6a is closed by the low-pressure valve closing water that does not exceed the weir W1. However, while the valve-opening water (high-pressure water) is being supplied, the valve cylinder 6a seals the sludge discharge port se1 since the back pressure is applied to the valve cylinder 6a until the previous valve-closing water is completely discharged. Since it is not possible, sludge continues to be discharged to the outside. When the supply pressure of the valve-closing water in the valve-closing water pressure chamber 6b becomes higher than the back pressure, the valve cylinder 6a gradually rises and presses against the valve packing 6P, whereby the sludge discharge port se1 can be completely sealed.
In this way, the valve opening degree of the valve cylinder 6a can be adjusted precisely by adjusting the pressure difference between the valve opening water and the valve closing water and the hole diameter of the screw portion of the valve closing water discharge amount adjusting nozzle 6d.
[0033]
Next, a working water branching apparatus that supplies working water for operating the partial discharge mechanism 6 and the total discharge mechanism 7 of the separation plate centrifuge 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the working water branching device is composed of four solenoid valves SV1, SV2, SV3, SV9, two pressure reducing valves RV1, RV2, and piping connecting them. As adjustment water / substitution water, high-pressure water having an original pressure of 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG is supplied as it is into the rotating body 3 by opening and closing the electromagnetic valve SV3 provided on the most upstream side. As the valve opening water to the total discharge mechanism 7, high-pressure water having an original pressure of 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG is directly applied to the working water (valve opening) by opening and closing the electromagnetic valve SV1 arranged in parallel immediately downstream of the electromagnetic valve SV3. Water) is supplied to the working water supply pipe 7m. As the valve-closing water supplied to the total discharge mechanism 7 and the partial discharge mechanism 6, the solenoid valve SV2 arranged in parallel further downstream of the solenoid valve SV1 is opened, and the original pressure is a high pressure of 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG. The water is further reduced to 0.02 MPaG by a pressure reducing valve RV1 provided at a later stage, and this reduced pressure water is supplied as working water (valve closing water) to the working water supply pipe 6m.
Further, as the valve opening water supplied to the partial discharge mechanism 6, high pressure water having an original pressure of 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG is decompressed to about 0.3 MPaG by a pressure reducing valve RV2 provided in the subsequent stage, and further downstream. When the solenoid valve SV9 provided in parallel is opened, the decompressed water is supplied to the working water supply pipe 6m as working water (opening water) from a pipe line joined to the valve closing water supply line on the downstream side of the pipe. The
[0034]
Next, an embodiment of a timing chart when the partial discharge mechanism 6 and the total discharge mechanism 7 of the separation plate centrifuge 1 according to the present invention are operating will be described with reference to FIG.
(1) First, the electromagnetic valve SV2 in FIG. 3 is opened, and the pressure of the high pressure water whose working pressure is 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG is reduced to 0.02 MPaG by the pressure reducing valve RV1, and then the partial discharge is performed. The water is supplied to the mechanism 6 and the total discharge mechanism 7 as valve closing water. (Valve cylinder 6a and valve cylinder 7a are closed. Solenoid valve SV2 is closed).
(2) The electromagnetic valve SV3 is opened, sealing water as adjustment water or replacement water is injected into the rotator 3, and the position of the separation boundary surface in the separation chamber SZ is set. When the setting is completed, stop the sealing water injection. Thereafter, seal water is appropriately injected when necessary. Solenoid valve SV3 is closed.
(3) The solenoid valve SV1 is opened, and valve opening water with a supply pressure of 0.4 to 0.5 MPaG is supplied to the total discharge mechanism 7. Here, when the valve closing water is being supplied to the total discharge mechanism 7, the solenoid valve SV2 is closed to temporarily stop the supply of the valve closing water in order to increase the open / close response of the valve cylinder 7a. The electromagnetic valve SV1 is opened for several seconds (for example, 3 to 5 seconds), and the entire amount of sludge in the rotating body 3 is discharged. Solenoid valve SV1 is closed.
(4) After the total discharge, SV2 is opened again, the valve water is supplied and the valve cylinder 7a is closed, and then the supply of the stock solution is started. During this time, the valve closing water is intermittently supplied (for example, at intervals of 15 minutes).
(5) When the sludge has accumulated in the rotating body 3, the solenoid valve SV9 is opened and high-pressure (for example, 0.3 MPaG) valve-opening water is supplied to the partial discharge mechanism 6. At this time, the solenoid valve SV9 is opened and closed in a short time (several seconds).
At this time, the buffer tank 6j for temporarily storing the closed water discharged from the closed water pressure chamber 6b of the partial discharge mechanism 6 to the second closed water drain hole 6i via the pilot valve PV and the buffer tank By providing a valve closing water discharge amount adjusting nozzle 6d that can adjust the valve closing water discharge amount from 6j to the outside, it is possible to apply a back pressure to the valve cylinder 6a, and the valve cylinder 6a is subjected to a back pressure. By applying pressure, the opening degree of the valve cylinder 6a can be adjusted precisely.
That is, if the solenoid valve SV9 is closed immediately after supplying the valve-opening water, the valve-closing water in the valve-closing water pressure chamber 6b remains in the system without being immediately discharged to the outside, so that the valve-closing water is discharged to the outside. If the amount is reduced, the valve cylinder opens more slowly.
(6) By operating in this way and performing a total discharge once for several partial discharges, the solid matter in the rotating body 3 is preferably discharged to the outside, so an unbalance of the rotating body 3 occurs. Less frequently. Increasing the total number of discharges can further reduce the occurrence of imbalance.
[0035]
In this way, the sludge discharge mechanism of the partial discharger, which has been used with one pilot valve having the total discharge function and the partial discharge function, which was the sludge discharge mechanism of the conventional separation plate type centrifuge, is changed to the partial discharge mechanism. The discharge mechanism and total discharge mechanism are separated and independent, and the sludge discharge amount at the time of partial discharge is always stabilized by adopting the sludge discharge mechanism with at least one pair of each mechanism at the target position across the rotating shaft. It becomes possible to discharge.
Further, since the total discharge mechanism is provided as a function independent of the partial discharge mechanism, it is possible to make it difficult for the rotating body to be unbalanced due to partial discharge.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
(1) Since the partial opening of the valve cylinder can be adjusted with high accuracy, loss of the stock solution is reduced.
(2) By making the partial discharge dedicated function separate and independent from the total discharge dedicated function, the total discharge function can be arbitrarily set at any time, so that solid matter can be prevented from sticking or segregating on the wall of the rotating body. Accordingly, since the balance during operation of the rotating body is improved, the maintenance interval of the machine is extended and the life of the rotating shaft system is extended, so that the maintenance cost can be reduced.
(3) Since the valve opening during partial discharge can be made constant, the sludge discharge amount can be easily adjusted.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a separation plate type centrifuge according to the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a detailed cross-sectional view of a partial discharge mechanism.
(B) It is detailed sectional drawing of a total discharge mechanism.
FIG. 3 is a working water branching device used when working water is supplied to a total discharge mechanism and a partial discharge mechanism.
FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing an example of operation of the total discharge mechanism and the partial discharge mechanism of the separation plate centrifuge according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of a separation plate type centrifuge having a conventional partial discharge mechanism.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Separating plate centrifuge
2 Rotating shaft
3 Rotating body
3a Rotating body lid
3b Large diameter cylindrical part
6 Partial discharge mechanism
6a Valve cylinder
6b Closed water pressure chamber
6c 1st closed water drain hole
6d Valve closing water discharge adjustment nozzle
6e Disc
6f Drain nozzle
6g Valve water supply path
6h Orifice weir
6i Second valve water drainage hole
6k Closed water supply path
6m working water supply pipe
6P valve packing
7 Total discharge mechanism
7a Valve cylinder
7b Valve closed water pressure chamber
7c Closed water drain hole
7d Valve closing water discharge hole
7e Valve body
7f Drain nozzle
7g Valve water supply path
7h Orifice weir
7m Working water supply pipe
7P valve packing
10 Separation plate
PV, P'V 'Pilot valve
SZ separation chamber
se1, se2 Sludge outlet
TD water removal board

Claims (1)

A large number of separation plates are mounted in the axial direction of the guide cylinder in the rotating body, the raw liquid is introduced into the separation chamber from the guide cylinder, the sludge is separated by centrifugal force, and the valve cylinder mounted in the rotating body is operated. In the separation plate type centrifuge that operates in the axial direction with water, opens and closes the sludge discharge port, and discharges the sludge to the outside, at a position symmetrical to the rotation axis at the lower part of the large-diameter cylindrical portion of the rotating body, Provide at least one pair of partial discharge mechanism and total discharge mechanism for sludge discharge ,
The partial discharge mechanism is
An orifice weir having a plurality of lateral grooves along the inner periphery on the rotating body side, provided with an appropriate gap with the rotating shaft so as to face the outer periphery of the rotating shaft provided on the lower center side of the rotating body, and the orifice weir And a water conduit switching device provided with a working water supply pipe for supplying working water between the rotating shaft and
When the valve cylinder is closed, a low-pressure valve closing water that does not overflow the orifice weir is supplied to a valve closing water pressure chamber provided along the lower part of the valve cylinder, and a valve closing water pressure chamber. And a closed water supply line formed from the first closed water drain hole,
When the valve cylinder is opened, the valve-opening water supply path for supplying high-pressure valve-opening water overflowing the orifice weir to the valve-opening water pressure chamber of the pilot valve, and the valve-opening water after the valve cylinder is opened A valve-opening water supply line formed from a water-discharging nozzle for drawing out from the valve-opening water supply path;
A valve cylinder provided at an upper portion along the valve-closing water pressure chamber, and opening and closing a portion that presses the valve packing when sludge is discharged;
An upper part communicates with the first valve-closing water discharge hole, and a lower part communicates with the valve-opening water supply passage and the second valve-closing water drain hole. A pilot valve with
A buffer tank that is provided below the second valve-closing water drain hole and temporarily stores the valve-closing water, and a valve-closing water discharge amount adjustment nozzle that adjusts the amount of the valve-closing water discharged from the buffer tank to the outside The main part is composed of a closed water discharge line formed from
The total discharge mechanism is
An orifice weir having a plurality of lateral grooves along the inner periphery on the rotating body side, provided with an appropriate gap with the rotating shaft so as to face the outer periphery of the rotating shaft provided on the lower center side of the rotating body, and the orifice weir And a water conduit switching device provided with a working water supply pipe for supplying working water between the rotating shaft and
When the valve cylinder is closed, a valve-closing water supply path for supplying low-pressure valve-closing water that does not overflow the orifice weir to a valve-closing water pressure chamber provided along the lower part of the valve cylinder, and a valve-closing water discharge hole A closed water supply line formed from
When opening the valve cylinder, the valve opening water supply path for supplying high-pressure valve opening water directly to the valve opening water pressure chamber of the pilot valve without overflowing the orifice weir, and the valve opening water after opening the valve cylinder A valve opening water supply line formed from a water drain nozzle for extracting the water from the valve opening water supply path to the outside,
A valve cylinder provided at an upper portion along the valve-closing water pressure chamber, and opening and closing a portion that presses the valve packing when sludge is discharged;
The upper part communicates with the valve-closing water discharge hole, and the lower part communicates with the valve-opening water supply passage. A T-shaped valve body is slidably provided inside, and the entire amount of valve-closing water is externally provided. A separation plate type centrifugal separator characterized in that a main part is composed of a pilot valve having a closed water discharge hole for discharging .

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