JP4516235B2

JP4516235B2 - Construction members and construction methods for floating structures

Info

Publication number: JP4516235B2
Application number: JP2001103801A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 武居裕史; 松木田正義; 高久雅喜
Original assignee: Taisei Corp
Current assignee: Taisei Corp
Priority date: 2001-04-02
Filing date: 2001-04-02
Publication date: 2010-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2021-04-02
Also published as: JP2002294653A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は水上構造物の構築部材と構築方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
桟橋などの水上構造物を構築する場合に、構造物の支持を斜杭によって行なう方法が採用されている。このような斜杭は、波浪による水平力を周囲から受ける構造物を支持する方法として有利である。
またコンクリート製の上部工において、現場施工効率を高めるためにプレキャスト桁を使用することがあるが、従来は杭を先行打設し、杭頭部のコンクリートを現場打設してからプレキャスト桁で接続する方法を採用していた。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、前記したような斜杭を利用する方法は、正確な角度で打設しにくいという問題があった。特に波浪の影響の大きい海洋構造物においては、打設船の動揺もあり、打設効率の悪い方法であった。
また現場打ちコンクリートの施工部が多くなり、工期、工費が大きくかかる方法であった。
【０００４】
【本発明の目的】
本発明は、上記のような問題を解決するためになされたもので、正確な角度で効率よく斜杭を打設して、短い工期で強固な水上構造物を得ることができる、水上構造物の構築部材と構築方法を提供することを目的とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記のような目的を達成するために本発明の水上構造物の構築部材は、一定の長さを有するプレキャスト桁であって、プレキャスト桁には、杭を貫通する貫通孔を複数個所に開口し、この貫通孔はプレキャスト桁を水平に設置した際に鉛直でない角度になるように形成した傾斜貫通孔と、プレキャスト桁を水平に設置した際に鉛直方向になるように形成した鉛直貫通孔と、からなり、このプレキャスト桁の両側面に、鋼製の梁を沿わせ、プレキャスト桁を横断する横断桁により両梁の上部を連結して一体化し、プレキャスト桁と横断桁を固定具により着脱自在に連結して補強した、水上構造物の構築部材である。
【０００７】
さらに本発明の水上構造物の構築方法は、一定の長さを有するプレキャスト桁であって、プレキャスト桁には、杭を貫通する貫通孔を複数個所に開口し、この貫通孔はプレキャスト桁を水平に設置した際に鉛直でない角度になるように形成した傾斜貫通孔と、プレキャスト桁を水平に設置した際に鉛直方向になるように形成した鉛直貫通孔と、からなり、このプレキャスト桁の両側面に、鋼製の梁を沿わせ、プレキャスト桁を横断する横断桁により両梁の上部を連結して一体化し、プレキャスト桁と横断桁を固定具により着脱自在に連結して補強した構築部材を使用し、水底に鉛直に複数本の直杭を打設し、打設した複数本の直杭を、前記の構築部材の鉛直貫通孔に挿入して設置し、その後に、構築部材の傾斜貫通孔をガイドにして、新たな斜杭を打設して行なう、水上構造物の構築方法である。
【０００８】
さらに本発明の水上構造物の構築方法は、一定の長さを有するプレキャスト桁であって、プレキャスト桁には、杭を貫通する貫通孔を複数個所に開口し、この貫通孔はプレキャスト桁を水平に設置した際に鉛直でない角度になるように形成した傾斜貫通孔と、プレキャスト桁を水平に設置した際に鉛直方向になるように形成した鉛直貫通孔と、からなり、このプレキャスト桁の両側面に、鋼製の梁を沿わせ、プレキャスト桁を横断する横断桁により両梁の上部を連結して一体化し、プレキャスト桁と横断桁を固定具により着脱自在に連結して補強した構築部材を使用し、水底に鉛直に複数本の直杭を打設し、打設した複数本の直杭を、前記の構築部材の鉛直貫通孔に挿入して設置し、その後に、構築部材の傾斜貫通孔をガイドにして、新たな斜杭を打設して構築部材を設置し、同様の工程によって複数本の構築部材を設置した後、隣接する構築部材の間に床面を形成する、水上構造物の構築方法である。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下図面にもとづいて本発明の一実施例を説明する。
【００１０】
＜イ＞構築部材。
まず、本発明の構築方法に使用する構築部材１について説明する。
この構築部材１は、一定の長さを有するプレキャスト桁によって構成する。
そしてこのプレキャスト桁には、複数箇所に傾斜貫通孔１１を開口する。
傾斜貫通孔１１は、プレキャスト桁の面と直交しない角度、すなわちプレキャスト桁を水平に設置した場合に鉛直でない角度になるように形成する。
傾斜貫通孔１１を、プレキャスト桁を水平に設置した場合に鉛直でない角度になるように形成するのは、後述する斜杭２を打設する際に傾斜貫通孔１１を貫通させて、斜杭２の打設角度のガイドとして利用するためである。
このように傾斜貫通孔１１をガイドにして杭を打設すれば、正確な角度、方向の斜杭２を迅速に打設することができる。
【００１１】
＜ロ＞鋼製補強梁。
プレキャスト桁よりなる構築部材１には、少なくともその側面、あるいは上下面に、鋼製の補強梁５を沿わせて補強する。プレキャストコンクリートで製造した構築部材１の両側に、鋼製補強梁５を沿わせることで、強度を大きく向上させることができる。鋼製補強梁５は、例えば市場で容易に入手できる簡易なトラスを組み合わせて簡単に形成することができる。構築部材１の両側に沿わせた鋼製補強梁５は、その上部を構築部材１を横断する鋼製横断桁５１で連結して両側の鋼製補強梁５を一体化する。また、鋼製補強梁５および鋼製横断桁５１は、構築部材１とボルトなどで連結し、構築部材１を十分に補強できる構造とする。なお、鋼製補強梁５は、繰り返し転用することができる。
【００１２】
＜ハ＞直杭３の打設。
水上構造物を構築する位置に、複数本の直杭３を打設する。
直杭３の打設位置、打設間隔は、前記の構築部材１の配置や寸法などから決定する。
直杭３は構築部材１を設置する際のガイドともなるため、正確な位置、方向に打設する。
【００１３】
＜ニ＞構築部材１の設置。
水底に打設した複数本の直杭３の上に、前記の構築部材１を設置する。
そのために、構築部材１の底面には、直杭３の頭部を受け入れる嵌合口を形成しておき、この嵌合口に直杭３の頭部を嵌合する。
あるいは図の実施例のように、構築部材１には、傾斜貫通工１とは別に、鉛直方向に開口した鉛直貫通孔１２を開口しておく。
そしてこの鉛直貫通工２に、直杭３の頭部を挿入して固定して設置することもできる。
構築部材１の延長線上に、さらに次の構築部材１を設置する。こうして延長した構築部材１と次の構築部材１との間は場所打ちコンクリートで連結することもできる。
【００１４】
＜ホ＞斜杭２の打設。
構築部材１は、複数の位置で直杭３で支持しているから、一応安定した姿勢を維持して水面上に配置してある。
この構築部材１の傾斜貫通孔１１に斜杭２を貫通させる。そしてその先端を水底に到達させる。
傾斜貫通孔１１は所定の角度で形成してあるから、その傾斜貫通孔１１をガイドとすれば、斜杭２は正確な方向に向けて姿勢を維持される。
その状態で斜杭２の頭部を油圧ハンマーで打撃すれば、斜杭２は特殊な熟練や特別な測定機器を使用せずに迅速に正確な方向へ打設することができる。
なお図の実施例のように、構築部材１に表面と直交する方向の鉛直貫通孔１２を構築部材１の中間にも開口しておけば、それらの鉛直貫通孔１２をガイドとして、中間の直杭３を迅速、正確に打設することもできる。
【００１５】
＜ヘ＞複数の構築部材１の設置。
同様の工程によって、複数の構築部材１を等間隔で、あるいは不等間隔で水上に設置する。
そして隣接する構築部材１の間に横断部材４を掛け渡す。横断部材４は例えばＰＣプレキャスト桁やＰＣ版で構成する。
掛け渡した横断部材４の上に場所打ちコンクリートを打設することもできる。
こうして多数本の斜杭２と直杭３および構築部材１を基礎のプレキャスト桁とした、水上構造物の構築が完了する。
【００１６】
【本発明の効果】
本発明は上記したように、いったん水上に設置した構築部材の傾斜貫通孔から斜杭を打設する部材と、方法である。
そのために正確な角度、方向に、迅速に斜杭を打設して強固な水上構造物を構築することができる。
その結果、工期を大幅に短縮することができ、コストも削減することができる。
またプレキャストの桁を使用して構築するため、足場の不便な水上での作業、すなわち支保工、鉄筋、型枠の組み立て、解体作業が不要となり、コンクリートの品質の向上も図れる。
同様の理由で、工期を大幅に短縮することができ、コストも削減することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の水上構造物の構築に使用する構築部材の実施例の説明図。
【図２】構築部材を直杭に設置する状態の説明図。
【図３】構築部材の貫通孔をガイドに斜杭を打設する場合の説明図。
【図４】複数の構築部材によって水上構造物を構築する状態の説明図。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a construction member and construction method for a floating structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When constructing a floating structure such as a pier, a method of supporting the structure with a slant pile is adopted. Such a slant pile is advantageous as a method of supporting a structure that receives a horizontal force caused by waves from the surroundings.
In addition, precast girders are sometimes used in concrete superstructures to improve on-site construction efficiency, but in the past, piles were placed in advance, and pile head concrete was cast in the field before connecting with precast girders. The method to do was adopted.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the method using the oblique pile as described above has a problem that it is difficult to drive at an accurate angle. Especially in offshore structures where the influence of waves is large, the driving boats swayed, and this was a method with poor driving efficiency.
In addition, the number of construction parts for on-site concrete increased, and the construction period and cost were large.
[0004]
[Object of the present invention]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is capable of obtaining a strong floating structure in a short construction period by placing a diagonal pile efficiently at an accurate angle. An object of the present invention is to provide a construction member and a construction method.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the construction member of the floating structure according to the present invention is a precast girder having a certain length, and the precast girder has a plurality of through-holes penetrating the pile. , This through hole is an inclined through hole formed so as to have a non-vertical angle when the precast girder is installed horizontally, and a vertical through hole formed so as to be in a vertical direction when the precast girder is installed horizontally, It consists of a steel beam on both sides of this precast girder, and the upper part of both beams is connected and integrated by a crossing girder that crosses the precast girder. It is a construction member of a water structure reinforced by connecting .
[0007]
Furthermore, the method for constructing a floating structure according to the present invention is a precast girder having a certain length, and the precast girder has a plurality of through holes penetrating the pile, and the through holes are arranged horizontally on the precast girder. An inclined through-hole formed so as to have a non-vertical angle when installed in a vertical direction, and a vertical through-hole formed so as to become a vertical direction when the precast girder is installed horizontally, both sides of the precast girder In addition, the steel beam is lined up , the upper part of both beams are connected and integrated by a crossing girder that crosses the precast girder, and the precast girder and crossing girder are detachably connected by a fixture and reinforced. Then, a plurality of straight piles are placed vertically on the bottom of the water, and the plurality of placed straight piles are inserted and installed in the vertical through holes of the construction member, and then the inclined through holes of the construction member A new guide Performing pile by pouring a method for constructing a water structure.
[0008]
Furthermore, the method for constructing a floating structure according to the present invention is a precast girder having a certain length, and the precast girder has a plurality of through holes penetrating the pile, and the through holes are arranged horizontally on the precast girder. An inclined through-hole formed so as to have a non-vertical angle when installed in a vertical direction, and a vertical through-hole formed so as to become a vertical direction when the precast girder is installed horizontally, both sides of the precast girder In addition, the steel beam is lined up , the upper part of both beams are connected and integrated by a crossing girder that crosses the precast girder, and the precast girder and crossing girder are detachably connected by a fixture and reinforced. Then, a plurality of straight piles are placed vertically on the bottom of the water, and the plurality of placed straight piles are inserted and installed in the vertical through holes of the construction member, and then the inclined through holes of the construction member A new guide The pile was pouring established a construction member, after the setting of the plurality of building members by the same process to form a floor surface between adjacent construction member, a method for constructing a water structure.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0010]
<I> Construction member.
First, the construction member 1 used in the construction method of the present invention will be described.
This construction member 1 is constituted by a precast girder having a certain length.
And in this precast girder, inclined through holes 11 are opened at a plurality of locations.
The inclined through-hole 11 is formed so as to have an angle that is not orthogonal to the surface of the precast beam, that is, an angle that is not vertical when the precast beam is installed horizontally.
The inclined through hole 11 is formed so as to have a non-vertical angle when the precast girder is installed horizontally. The inclined through hole 11 is penetrated when the inclined pile 2 described later is placed, and the inclined pile 2 This is because it is used as a guide for the placement angle.
Thus, if the pile is driven using the inclined through hole 11 as a guide, the inclined pile 2 having an accurate angle and direction can be quickly driven.
[0011]
<B> Steel reinforcing beam.
The construction member 1 made of a precast girder is reinforced with steel reinforcing beams 5 along at least the side surfaces or the upper and lower surfaces thereof. The strength can be greatly improved by placing the steel reinforcing beams 5 on both sides of the construction member 1 made of precast concrete. The steel reinforcing beam 5 can be easily formed by combining, for example, simple trusses that are easily available in the market. The steel reinforcing beams 5 along both sides of the building member 1 are connected to each other by steel cross beams 51 crossing the building member 1 so as to integrate the steel reinforcing beams 5 on both sides. Further, the steel reinforcing beam 5 and the steel crossing girder 51 are connected to the construction member 1 with bolts or the like so that the construction member 1 can be sufficiently reinforced. The steel reinforcing beam 5 can be diverted repeatedly.
[0012]
<C> Placing straight pile 3.
A plurality of straight piles 3 are placed at the position where the floating structure is constructed.
The placement position and placement interval of the direct pile 3 are determined from the arrangement and dimensions of the construction member 1.
Since the direct pile 3 also serves as a guide when the construction member 1 is installed, it is placed in an accurate position and direction.
[0013]
<D> Installation of construction member 1
The construction member 1 is installed on the plurality of straight piles 3 placed on the bottom of the water.
Therefore, a fitting port that receives the head of the straight pile 3 is formed on the bottom surface of the construction member 1, and the head of the straight pile 3 is fitted into this fitting port.
Alternatively, as in the example of the figure, the construction member 1 is provided with a vertical through hole 12 opened in the vertical direction separately from the inclined penetration work 1.
And it can also install in this vertical penetration 2 by inserting the head of the straight pile 3 and fixing.
The next construction member 1 is further installed on the extension line of the construction member 1. The construction member 1 thus extended and the next construction member 1 can be connected by cast-in-place concrete.
[0014]
<E> Placing the slant pile 2.
Since the construction member 1 is supported by the direct piles 3 at a plurality of positions, the construction member 1 is arranged on the water surface while maintaining a stable posture.
The inclined pile 2 is passed through the inclined through hole 11 of the construction member 1. And let the tip reach the bottom of the water.
Since the inclined through-hole 11 is formed at a predetermined angle, if the inclined through-hole 11 is used as a guide, the inclined pile 2 is maintained in an accurate direction.
If the head of the slant pile 2 is hit with a hydraulic hammer in this state, the slant pile 2 can be quickly placed in the correct direction without using special skills or special measurement equipment.
If the vertical through-holes 12 in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the construction member 1 are also opened in the middle of the construction member 1 as in the embodiment shown in the figure, these vertical through-holes 12 are used as a guide and the intermediate straight The pile 3 can be driven quickly and accurately.
[0015]
<F> Installation of a plurality of construction members 1.
By the same process, the plurality of construction members 1 are installed on the water at equal intervals or at irregular intervals.
Then, the transverse member 4 is spanned between the adjacent construction members 1. The cross member 4 is formed of, for example, a PC precast girder or a PC plate.
Cast-in-place concrete can also be placed on the cross member 4 that has been stretched.
In this way, the construction of the floating structure is completed using the multiple slant piles 2, the straight piles 3 and the construction member 1 as the foundation precast girder.
[0016]
[Effect of the present invention]
As described above, the present invention is a member and a method for driving a diagonal pile from an inclined through hole of a construction member once installed on water.
Therefore, it is possible to construct a strong floating structure by laying oblique piles quickly at an accurate angle and direction.
As a result, the construction period can be greatly shortened and the cost can be reduced.
In addition, the construction using precast girders eliminates the inconvenient work on the water, that is, support work, rebar, formwork assembly, and dismantling work, thus improving the quality of the concrete.
For the same reason, the construction period can be greatly shortened, and the cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of a construction member used for construction of a floating structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a construction member is installed on a direct pile.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram in the case where a diagonal pile is driven using a through hole of a construction member as a guide.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a floating structure is constructed by a plurality of construction members.

Claims

A precast girder having a certain length,
In this precast girder, through holes penetrating the pile are opened at several places,
This through-hole is formed from an inclined through-hole formed so as to have a non-vertical angle when the precast girder is installed horizontally, and a vertical through-hole formed so as to be vertical when the precast girder is installed horizontally. Become
A steel beam is placed on both sides of this precast girder ,
The upper part of both beams are connected and integrated by a crossing girder that crosses the precast girder ,
The precast girder and the crossing girder are detachably connected by a fixture and reinforced.
Construction member for floating structures.

A precast girder having a certain length,
In the precast girder, through holes penetrating the pile are opened in several places,
This through-hole is formed from an inclined through-hole formed so as to have a non-vertical angle when the precast girder is installed horizontally, and a vertical through-hole formed so as to be vertical when the precast girder is installed horizontally. Become
A steel beam is placed on both sides of this precast girder, and the upper parts of both beams are connected and integrated by a crossing girder that crosses the precast girder. Use reinforced construction members,
Several vertical piles are placed vertically on the bottom of the water,
Inserted and installed multiple straight piles in the vertical through hole of the construction member,
After that, using the inclined through-hole of the construction member as a guide, placing a new oblique pile,
Construction method for floating structures.

A precast girder having a certain length,
In the precast girder, through holes penetrating the pile are opened in several places,
This through-hole is formed from an inclined through-hole formed so as to have a non-vertical angle when the precast girder is installed horizontally, and a vertical through-hole formed so as to be vertical when the precast girder is installed horizontally. Become
A steel beam is placed on both sides of this precast girder, and the upper parts of both beams are connected and integrated by a crossing girder that crosses the precast girder. Use reinforced construction members,
Several vertical piles are placed vertically on the bottom of the water,
Inserted and installed multiple straight piles in the vertical through hole of the construction member,
After that, using the inclined through hole of the construction member as a guide, placing the new oblique pile and installing the construction member,
After installing multiple construction members by the same process,
Forming a floor between adjacent building members,
Construction method for floating structures.