JP4609804B2 - Harbor structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to harbor structures such as breakwaters and quay walls formed using concrete blocks.

  Conventionally, as a harbor structure using a concrete block, a quay formed using a hollow frame block made of a precast concrete formed in a hollow frame shape has been proposed.

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the quay wall 50 is formed by stacking a plurality of hollow frame blocks 51, 51... Formed in a hollow frame shape to form a laminated mold frame 52. It is installed in water and is formed by placing underwater concrete 53 in the hollow portion of the laminated form 52.
Japanese Patent No. 3236858

  However, the quay having such a structure has a problem that it is expensive because it uses a hollow frame block made of reinforced concrete. In particular, the hollow frame block made of precast concrete is special and cannot be manufactured on-site, so it has to be purchased as a secondary product manufactured by the factory. The production cost of this secondary product is high because it requires factory expenses and labor from the factory to the site, and the assembly pieces need to be subdivided due to the weight restrictions of the transport vehicle.

  In addition, as a contractor, it is a problem to make effective use of the machines and personnel that it owns to produce on-site unblocked blocks that do not require management effort, but there is a problem that there is no construction method that can be used as an option. In recent years, the lifting capacity of hoisting ships has increased dramatically, and hoisting ships with a capacity of about 250 tons can be found in major ports around the country. At the time of the conventional construction method development, there was no hoisting ship with excellent suspension capacity and versatility, so it was necessary to use a reinforced structure to reduce the weight, but the conventional construction method has sufficient current hoisting ship capacity However, the construction management that makes full use of the owned infrastructure cannot be performed, so that there is a problem that it cannot contribute to the most important profit generation in the field operation.

  Further, since the hollow frame blocks are stacked on the ground and connected to form a laminated mold frame, there is a problem that it takes time to connect and assemble the hollow frame blocks. In addition, since the laminated formwork assembled on the ground is suspended and installed on the seabed, the laminated formwork needs to be relatively light and lacks stability. However, until the underwater concrete has hardened, it is necessary to attach a special frame for preventing the laminate form from falling and sliding, and continuous installation work cannot be performed. Further, the weight of the laminated form must be within a range that can be lifted by a hoist ship, and there is a problem that it cannot be made heavy. Further, this concrete block is generally made of reinforced concrete in order to obtain a predetermined strength, and has a problem that it deteriorates due to corrosion of the reinforcing bar.

  Therefore, in view of such a conventional problem, the present invention reduces the construction cost by on-site production of a block using unreinforced concrete, and enlarges the block using the maximum capacity of a general purpose large hoist, From the improvement of work efficiency by these, it aims at providing the harbor structure excellent in cost performance.

The feature of the invention described in claim 1 for solving the conventional problems as described above and achieving the intended purpose is that the blocks made of unreinforced concrete are stacked vertically and horizontally, and the blocks overlapped vertically. Of the upper and lower joint surfaces facing each other, the upper and lower joint surfaces of the block on one side are formed with a trapezoidal anti-slip convex section, and the upper and lower joint surfaces of the other block are An anti-sliding recess is formed to be fitted to the anti-sliding convex portion, and the anti-sliding convex portion and the anti-sliding concave portion are fitted to each other. Concrete filling recesses are formed in a continuous direction, and the concrete filling recesses of the blocks adjacent to the left and right are arranged in abutment to form a concrete filling space. Oite to harbor structures cleat is integrated said blocks to each other is pouring, the opposing sides of adjacent blocks to the left and right, of the concrete charging recesses along said concrete charging recesses A left-right joint surface is formed on both sides, a water-expandable rubber is interposed between the joint surfaces to prevent concrete leakage, and the block has a rectangular tube shape having a hollow portion penetrating vertically. Of the upper and lower joint surfaces facing each other of the vertically overlapping blocks, the upper and lower joint faces of one block are in a direction in which the inner peripheral edge protrudes from the outer peripheral edge side of the rectangular tube shape of the block. An inclined one-side guide inclined surface is formed, and the other-side guide inclined surface having a shape that is inclined in a direction opposite to the one-side guide inclined surface and is aligned with the upper-lower joint surface of the other block is formed. In that the surface is formed.

  The port structure according to the present invention is formed by stacking unreinforced concrete blocks vertically and horizontally, and among the vertically joined surfaces of the vertically overlapping blocks, the vertically joined surface of the block on one side is The anti-sliding convex part having a trapezoidal cross section is formed, and the anti-sliding concave part fitted to the anti-sliding convex part is formed on the joint surface between the upper and lower sides of the block on the other side. And the recesses for preventing sliding are fitted to each other, and a concrete filling recess that is continuous in the vertical direction is formed on the joint surface between the blocks adjacent to the left and right. A concrete filling space is formed in a butt arrangement, and the concrete is placed in the concrete filling space and the blocks are integrated, so it can be easily formed. .

  Further, on the opposite side surfaces of the blocks adjacent to the left and right, a left-right joint surface is formed on both sides of the concrete filling concave portion along the concrete filling concave portion, and concrete leakage is prevented between the joint surfaces. For this reason, by interposing the water-expandable rubber, it is possible to prevent leakage of the concrete placed in the concrete filling concave portion, and the concrete can be placed efficiently.

  Further, the block is formed in a rectangular tube shape having a hollow portion penetrating in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower joint surfaces of one block among the upper and lower joint surfaces facing each other in the upper and lower overlapping blocks are A one-side induction inclined surface is formed that is inclined in a direction in which the inner peripheral edge protrudes from the outer peripheral edge side of the rectangular tube shape, and the joint surface between the upper and lower sides of the other block is inclined opposite to the one-side induction inclined surface. Since the other side guide inclined surface having a shape matching this is formed, when installing a new block on the existing block previously installed, the new block is placed on the guide inclined surface of the existing block. By sliding, the new block can be easily guided to a predetermined position, and the efficiency of underwater work and the improvement of installation accuracy can be achieved.

Further, when constructing the harbor structure according to the present invention, connecting hardware is protruded by embedded anchors in the concrete filling recesses on the side surfaces of the blocks adjacent to each other on the left and right sides, and the previously installed blocks are connected to the existing blocks. On the other hand, when installing the adjacent new block, the tip of the pulling rope was fixed to the connecting hardware of one of the existing block or the new block, and the pulling rope was attached to the connecting hardware of the other block. The block can be easily installed at a predetermined position by being hung on the rope guide and pulling the pulling rope while the new block is suspended by the hanging rope, thereby joining the new block to the existing block.

  From the above, it is possible to install the full-capacity large-scale hoist ship by making the concrete block into an unmuscle structure that does not require management effort, and making a single individual large-scale production. It is possible to shorten the working time, improve the installation accuracy, increase the efficiency of underwater work, and build an economical harbor structure.

  Next, an embodiment of a harbor structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, a first embodiment of a harbor structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 shows a harbor structure in this example. This harbor structure 1 is a so-called quay, and is a gravity type block that is manufactured near the site on the rubble mound A of the seabed and is enlarged in size, and the blocks made of unreinforced concrete are vertically and horizontally. It is formed by stacking and joining, and placing concrete B on the top. Further, a backside stone C and a backfill D are installed on the back side of the block.

  This harbor structure 1 has a plurality of main product block bodies 3c in which a plurality of blocks are stacked in the vertical direction, and a left end in which a plurality of blocks are stacked in the vertical direction in the same manner as the main product block body 3c. The product block body 3a and the right end product block body 3b are installed and configured.

  The left end product block body 3a constituting the left end portion of the harbor structure 1 includes an upper left step block 2a constituting the upper end portion, a lower left step block 2c constituting the lower end portion, and the upper left step block 2a and the lower left end block. It is comprised from the left middle block 2b stacked between 2c.

  And the right end product block 3b which comprises the right end part of the harbor structure 1 is the upper right block 2d which comprises the upper end part, the lower right block 2f which comprises the lower end part, these upper right block 2d and the lower right part It is composed of right middle block 2e stacked between blocks 2f.

  Moreover, the main product block body 3c which comprises between the left end product block body 3a and the right end product block body 3b of the harbor structure 1 is the main upper stage block 2g which comprises the upper end part, and the main lower stage block which comprises the lower end part 2i and a main middle block 2h stacked between the main upper block 2g and the main lower block 2i.

  Each of the blocks 2a to 2i... Has a hollow portion 4 that penetrates in the vertical direction and opens in a square shape, and is formed in a substantially rectangular tube shape. And each block is piled up so that the hollow part 4 may be continued up and down, and becomes a product block body. Further, concrete 5, 5,... Is placed in the upper and lower hollow portions 4, 4..., And the blocks that overlap vertically are integrated. It is not always necessary to place concrete 5, 5... In the hollow portions 4, 4.

  As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the blocks adjacent to the left and right of the blocks 2 a to 2 i. The concrete filling recesses 6, 6... That are continuous in the vertical direction are formed, and the standing side-to-side joint surfaces 18, 18 that are joined to adjacent blocks on both sides of each recess 6. Is formed. The concrete filling recesses 6, 6... Of the blocks stacked up and down are continuous with each other vertically. That is, the concrete filling recesses 6, 6... Are continuous from the upper end to the lower end of each product block body. Further, the concrete filling recesses 6 and 6 formed on the mutually opposing surfaces of the blocks adjacent to the left and right are in abutment arrangement to form a concrete filling space 7. Then, concrete 8, 8,... Are placed in the concrete filling spaces 7, 7,..., And blocks adjacent to each other vertically and horizontally are integrated.

  Further, a water-expandable rubber 9 is interposed between the left and right joint surfaces 18 between adjacent blocks on the left and right sides, thereby leaking the concrete 8 placed in the concrete filling space 7. Is preventing. The water-expandable rubber 9 is provided in advance on one side of the joint surfaces to be joined to each other, and the left and right blocks are joined to each other so as to be interposed between the joint surfaces.

  Thus, the concrete filling recesses 6, 6... Are formed on the right side surface of the upper left block 2a, the left middle block 2b, and the lower left block 2c, which are blocks constituting the left end product block body 3a. In the main upper block 2g, the main middle block 2h, and the main lower block 2i that form the main product block body 3c, the right upper block 2d that forms the right end product block body 3b, The middle block 2e and the lower right block 2f are formed on the left side.

  In addition, among the upper and lower joint surfaces facing each other in the vertically overlapping blocks, the upper and lower joint surfaces of the block on one side are formed with anti-sliding convex portions 12, 12... Having a trapezoidal cross section. Has been. In addition, the anti-sliding convex portions 12, 12,... Are fitted in the positions corresponding to the anti-sliding convex portions 12, 12,. The anti-sliding recesses 13, 13 ... are formed, the anti-sliding projections 12, 12 ... and the anti-sliding recesses 13, 13 ... Are fitted to prevent the upper block from sliding relative to the lower block.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the anti-sliding convex portions 12, 12... Are substantially centered in the front-rear direction on the joint surface between the walls facing the left-right direction surrounding the hollow portion 4 of the block. The cross section in the front-rear direction has a trapezoidal shape. Further, in the joint surface between the upper and lower walls facing the front-rear direction surrounding the hollow portion 4 of the block, the anti-sliding convex portions 12, 12,... It is formed to be trapezoidal. The anti-sliding convex portions 12, 12... And the anti-sliding concave portions 13, 13... Extend over the entire thickness of the wall surrounding the hollow portions 4, 4. And is designed to resist external forces in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction.

  Also, among the upper and lower joint surfaces between the vertically overlapping blocks, the upper and lower joint surfaces of one block have an inner peripheral edge side from the outer peripheral edge side of the rectangular tube shape of the block, as shown in FIGS. A one-side guide inclined surface 14 inclined in the depressed direction is formed, and the upper and lower joint surfaces of the other block are inclined in the direction opposite to the one-side guide inclined surface 14 and are aligned with this, that is, The other-side guiding inclined surface 15 is formed so as to be inclined in a direction in which the inner peripheral edge protrudes from the outer peripheral edge of the block.

  The one side guide inclined surface 14 and the other side guide inclined surface 15 are formed on the joint surface between the upper and lower sides of the block so as to make a round along the opening of the hollow portion 4. Therefore, among the upper and lower joint surfaces between the blocks that overlap vertically, the upper and lower joint surfaces of one block are formed in a concave shape as a whole, and the upper and lower joint surfaces in the other block are formed in a convex shape as a whole. ing. The upper and lower joint surfaces of the one block and the upper and lower joint surfaces of the other block are fitted. Further, when the blocks are stacked, when the other side block is installed on the one side block previously installed, the other side block becomes the one side induction inclined surface by the both induction inclined surfaces 14 and 15. 14 and the other side guide inclined surface 15 are guided to a position where they are aligned.

  In addition, a water-expandable rubber 10 is installed between the upper and lower joint surfaces of the blocks overlapping vertically so as to surround the hollow portion 4 so as to prevent the leakage of the concrete 5 placed in the hollow portion 4. It has become.

  In this way, each upper block 2a, 2g, 2d is formed with the anti-sliding recess 13 and the other-side guiding inclined surface 15 on the lower surface, and each middle block 2b, 2h, 2e is formed with the anti-sliding convex portion 12 on the upper surface. And the one-side guide inclined surface 14 is formed, and the lower-side guide inclined surface 15 and the other-side guide inclined surface 15 are formed on the lower surface. The lower blocks 2c, 2i, 2f One side guide inclined surface 14 is formed.

  In the concrete filling recesses 6, 6... Formed on the side surface of the block, connecting hardware 16, 16. The connecting hardware 16, 16... Is formed in a shape in which the tip protrudes in a substantially U shape, and a hook or the like is connected thereto. In addition, in the connecting hardware 16, 16,..., The line connecting the pair of connecting hardware 16, 16 is parallel to the horizontal direction in the concrete filling recesses 6, 6. It is installed as follows. The connecting hardware 16, 16... Are installed in four places in the concrete filling recess 6.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the connection hardware 16, 16... Is arranged so that the tips of the connection hardware 16, 16. The connecting hardware 16, 16,... Are connected to each other by connecting members 17, 17 ... so that the blocks are temporarily fixed. Further, turn buckles are used as the connecting members 17, 17.

  The blocks 2a to 2i... Are formed so as to be able to resist external forces such as waves with their own weights. Therefore, a dedicated frame for preventing the product block body from falling and sliding is not required. Specifically, the size is 3 rows and 1 row in the vertical direction, the width is 5 m, the front-rear width is 5.1 m, the height is 5.6 m, and the weight is approximately 250 tons. Moreover, the thickness of the surrounding wall which surrounds the hollow part 4 penetrated to the up-down direction of these blocks 2a-2i ...... is about 1 m. The conventional block has the same size and is about 67 tons.

  Next, a second embodiment of the harbor structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  This harbor structure 21 has a plurality of main product block bodies 30c in which a plurality of solid blocks are stacked in the vertical direction, arranged in the left-right direction, and a plurality of blocks in the vertical direction in the same manner as the main product block body 30c. The left end product block body 30a and the right end product block body 30b that are stacked are installed and configured.

  The left end product block body 30a constituting the left end portion of the harbor structure 21 includes an upper left step block 20a constituting the upper end portion, a lower left step block 20c constituting the lower end portion, and the upper left step block 20a and the lower left end block. It is comprised from the left middle block 20b stacked between 20c.

  Further, the right end product block body 30b constituting the right end portion of the harbor structure 21 includes an upper right block 20d constituting the upper end portion, a lower right block 20f constituting the lower end portion, and the upper right block 20d and the lower right step. It consists of a right middle block 20e stacked between the blocks 20f.

  Furthermore, the main product block body 30c which constitutes between the left end product block body 30a and the right end product block body 30b of the harbor structure 21 has a main upper stage block 20g which constitutes the upper end part thereof, and a main lower stage block which constitutes the lower end part thereof. 20i and a main middle block 20h stacked between the main upper block 20g and the main lower block 20i.

  The blocks constituting these product block bodies are solid and do not have a hollow portion. Then, on the side surfaces facing each other on the left and right blocks, concrete filling recesses 31, 31... That are vertically continuous from the upper end to the lower end of the block are formed, The left and right joint surfaces 18, 18 are formed. Also, the concrete filling recesses 31, 31... Of the blocks stacked vertically are continuous with each other vertically. That is, the concrete filling recesses 31, 31... Are continuous from the upper end to the lower end of each product block body. Moreover, the concrete filling concave portions 31 and 31 are in abutment with each other to join the joint surfaces 18 and 18 of the blocks adjacent to the left and right to form a concrete filling space 32, and this concrete filling space 32 By placing concrete on 32, 32..., Blocks adjacent in the vertical and horizontal directions are integrated. Further, between the joint surfaces of the blocks adjacent to the left and right, a water-expandable rubber 9 is interposed between the left and right joint surfaces 18, 18 along the concrete filling recesses 31, 31. The water-expandable rubber 9 is provided in advance on one side of the joint surfaces to be joined together and the left and right blocks are joined to each other so as to be interposed between the joint surfaces as in the above-described embodiment. I try to let them.

  The concrete filling recesses 31, 31... Are formed on the right side of the upper left block 20a, the middle left block 20b, and the lower left block 20c, which are blocks constituting the left end product block body 30a. The main upper block 20g, the main middle block 20h, and the main lower block 20i that constitute the main product block body 30c are formed on both the left and right sides, and the upper right block 20d, the right middle block 20e that constitute the right end product block body 30b, The lower right block 20f is formed on the left side surface thereof.

  In the concrete filling recesses 31, 31,..., Connecting hardware 16, 16,... Are arranged side by side with the connecting members 17, 17.. The blocks are connected. The side surfaces of the concrete filling recesses 31, 31... Are tapered, and the connection hardware 16, 16... Protrudes from the tapered side surfaces. Is installed.

  In addition, among the upper and lower joint surfaces of the blocks that overlap in the vertical direction, the front and rear convex portions 33, 33... And left and right convex portions 34, 34... Are formed. And, on the joint surface between the upper and lower sides of the other block, the front-rear direction concave portions 35, 35. ..... is formed. The front-rear direction concave portions 35, 35,... Are fitted with the front-rear direction convex portions 33, 33,. ... are fitted with left and right convex portions 34, 34 ....

  The front / rear direction convex portions 33, 33,... Are formed in a substantially trapezoidal cross section extending in the front / rear direction at the joint surface between the upper and lower sides of the block, and the left / right direction convex portions 34, 34,. Is formed in a substantially trapezoidal cross section extending in the left-right direction on the joint surface between the upper and lower sides of the block. Further, the left and right convex portions 34, 34... Are formed at both longitudinal ends of the joint surface between the upper and lower sides of the block, and are integrated with the front and rear convex portions 33, 33. Is formed.

  The front-rear direction convex portions 33, 33... That are anti-sliding convex portions and the left-right direction convex portions 34, 34. 35... And the left and right recesses 36, 36... Are fitted against the external force acting on the block in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction, and the upper block becomes the lower block. It is designed to prevent sliding.

  Further, the anti-sliding protrusions formed on the upper surfaces of the main middle block 20h, 20h... And the main lower block 20i, 20i. The left and right direction convex portions 34, 34 are formed integrally with the front and rear direction convex portion 33 around the front and rear direction convex portion 33 on both ends in the longitudinal direction of the front and rear direction convex portion 33. Is formed in a substantially H shape in plan view. In addition to the above-described H-shape in plan view, the anti-sliding convex portion has an I-shape in plan view without the left and right convex portions 34, 34 as in the third embodiment shown in FIG. Also good.

  Further, the anti-sliding convex portion formed on the upper surfaces of the left middle block 20b and the lower left block 20c has a front / rear direction convex portion 33 formed substantially at the center of the joint surface, and the length of the front / rear direction convex portion 33. Left and right direction convex portions 34 and 34 are formed integrally with the front and rear direction convex portion 33 so as to extend rightward from both ends in the direction.

  Further, the anti-sliding convex portion formed on the upper surfaces of the right middle block 20e and the lower right block 20f has a front-rear direction convex portion 33 formed substantially at the center of the joint surface, and the length of the front-rear direction convex portion 33 is Left and right direction convex portions 34 and 34 are formed integrally with the front and rear direction convex portion 33 so as to extend leftward from both ends in the direction.

  In this way, each upper block 20a, 20g, 20d is formed with a slip prevention recess on the lower surface, and each middle block 20b, 20h, 20e is formed with a slip prevention projection on the upper surface and is slid on the lower surface. A concave portion for prevention is formed, and each lower block 20c, 20i, 20f has a convex portion for preventing sliding on the upper surface.

  Further, the blocks 20a, 20b, and 20c constituting the left end product block body 30a and the blocks 20d, 20e, and 20f constituting the right end product block body 30b each constitute a main product block body 30c. The blocks 20g, 20h and 20i are formed to be approximately half the length in the left-right direction.

  These blocks are also formed with a weight that can counter an external force such as a wave with its own weight. Therefore, a dedicated frame for preventing the product block body from falling and sliding is not required. Specifically, the main product block body 30c composed of the blocks 20g, 20h, and 20i has a horizontal width of 5 m, a front-rear width of 5.1 m, a height of 5.6 m, and a weight of approximately 235 tons. The left end product block body 30a composed of the blocks 20a, 20b, and 20c and the right end product block body 30b composed of the blocks 20d, 20e, and 20f have a lateral width of 2.5 m, a front-rear width of 5.1 m, and a height of 5. It is 6m and weighs about 117 tons. The depth of the concrete filling recesses 31, 31... Is 1.3 m, and the side surfaces of the concrete filling recesses 31, 31. It has become.

  Next, a third embodiment of the harbor structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the same part as the above-mentioned Example attaches | subjects the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits description. The harbor structure 37 is formed by stacking solid blocks made of unreinforced concrete vertically and horizontally, and provided with a wave-dissipating hole 38 in the upper part thereof. The wave-dissipating hole 38 is opened on the front side of the block, so that a wave enters the wave-dissipating hole 38 and the energy of the wave is diffused.

  The harbor structure 37 is formed in a shape in which a plurality of stacked block bodies in which the blocks are stacked in the vertical direction are arranged in a row in the left-right direction and joined. Further, the main product block body 39 to which the product block bodies are joined to the left and right is a top plate block 39a constituting the upper end portion thereof, a lower block 39c constituting the lower end portion thereof, the top plate block 39a and the lower block 39c. The middle block 39b is stacked between the two.

  Of the upper and lower joint surfaces of the upper and lower blocks constituting the harbor structure 37, the front and rear direction convex portions 33, 33... Are formed on the upper and lower joint surfaces of the one block. Yes. And the front-rear direction recessed part 35,35 ... with which the front-rear direction convex part 33,33 ... is fitted is formed in the joint surface between the upper and lower sides of the other block. .

  In addition, concrete filling recesses 31, 31... Are formed on the side surfaces of the blocks other than the top plate block, and the right and left joint surfaces 18, 18 are formed on both sides thereof. By joining the mutually facing joint surfaces 18 and 18 of the blocks adjacent to the left and right, the concrete filling recesses 31, 31... Concrete 40, 40... Is placed in the space, and blocks adjacent vertically and horizontally are integrated. Between the left and right blocks, the water-expandable rubber 9 is interposed between the left and right joint surfaces 18 and 18 along the concrete filling recesses 31 and 31. The water-expandable rubber 9 is provided in advance on one side of the joint surfaces to be joined to each other, and the left and right blocks are joined to each other so as to be interposed between the joint surfaces. I try to let them.

  On the side surface side of the top plate block 39a, recessed portions 41, 41 that are continuous with the concrete filling recesses 31, 31 of the middle block 39b are formed. The recessed portions 41 and 41 are formed in a shape in which the lower end portion on the side surface side of the top block 39a is cut out from the front surface to the rear surface side. The recesses 41 and 41 of the top and bottom blocks 39a and 39a adjacent to the left and right are abutted to constitute the upper surface portion of the wave quenching hole 38.

  Further, at the left and right end portions on the upper surface side of the middle blocks 39b, 39b..., The middle portion of the middle blocks 39b, 39b. Step portions 42, 42 that are lowered by one step are formed. Moreover, the step parts 42 and 42 formed in the side surface which mutually adjoins the adjacent middle step blocks 39b and 39b are abutting arrangement | positioning. Then, the opening of the wave-dissipating hole 38 is formed by the recessed portions 41 and 41 of the top blocks 39a and 39a stacked on the upper portions of the middle blocks 39b and 39b and the step portions 42 and 42 of the middle blocks 39b and 39b. It is composed. That is, the wave-dissipating hole 38 is formed so as to straddle the middle block 39b, 39b adjacent to the left and right and the top blocks 39a, 39a stacked thereon.

  Further, the concrete 40, 40... Is a step 42, 42... Of the concrete filling recesses 31, 31. The upper surface is part of the inner surface of the wave-dissipating holes 38, 38 ....

  A joint surface 18 between the left and right sides is formed on the rear side of the side surfaces of the top blocks 39a, 39a,... The concave portions 43, 43 for placing the concrete between the top plates 39a, 39a adjacent to each other on the left and right sides are arranged to face each other. The concrete 40a is placed in the recesses 43 and 43 for placing the concrete between the top plates. As a result, the gap between the left and right top plate blocks 39a, 39a is completely filled with concrete 40a, and the backside sediment is prevented from being sucked out by the waves entering and exiting the wave-dissipating hole 38.

  Further, in this embodiment, a water-swellable rubber 9 is interposed between the left and right joint surfaces 18 and 18 joined to each other between the blocks adjacent to the left and right as in the above-described embodiments. As shown in FIG. 9B, the water-expandable rubber 9 is also interposed between the top plate block 39a and the middle block 39b, and into the wave-dissipating hole 38 from the gap between the blocks 39a and 39b. Transmission of incoming and outgoing waves, and suction of soil on the back side due to the transmitted waves are prevented.

  In the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment, the blocks may be arranged not only in the vertical and horizontal directions but also in the front and rear direction. Moreover, each product block body adjusts the number of stages according to the number of each middle stage block.

  Next, a method for constructing a harbor structure according to the present invention will be described based on the first embodiment. The block used when constructing the harbor structure 1 is not a so-called precast concrete block manufactured in a factory, but a block manufactured in the field, that is, in the vicinity of the place where the block is installed may be used. Then, the unreinforced concrete blocks are sequentially stacked on a rubble mound A installed on the seabed.

  When installing the first block and when installing a new block 45 adjacent to the previously installed existing block 44, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the existing block 44 or the new block 45 is installed. The tip of the pulling rope 46 is fixed to the connecting hardware 16, 16... Of one of the blocks, and the pulling rope 46 is connected to the connecting hardware 16, 16,. The new block 45 is installed next to the existing block 44 by being pulled around the rope guide 47 attached to, and pulling the pulling rope 46 while the new block 45 is suspended by the hanging rope.

  At this time, one end of the pulling rope 46 is hung around one rope guide 47 of the existing block 44, and one end of the pulling rope 46 is connected to one end of the new block 45. Attach to 16, 16,. The other end of the pulling rope 46 is hung around the other rope guide 47 of the existing block 44, and the other end of the pulling rope 46 is connected to the other connecting hardware 16, 16. Attach to ..... Then, by hooking the central portion of the pulling rope 46 on the small hook 48 of the crane and raising the small hook 48, the two connecting hardware 16, 16. At the same time, the new block 45 is installed next to the existing block 44.

As the rope guide 47, a pulley is used. Further, hooks 49, 49 are attached to both ends of the pulling rope 46, and the second and subsequent stages connecting the pulling rope 46 and the connecting hardware 16, 16 through the hooks 49, 49 are as follows. By suspending the new block 45 on the existing block 44, the new block 45 is guided to a predetermined position of the existing block 44 by the guide inclined surfaces 14 and 15 and is preferably installed.

  In addition, the port structure in the second embodiment and the third embodiment is also installed in the first stage in the same manner as the construction method described above, and also in the second and subsequent stages using the method for installing the first stage block. It is good to build.

It is a side view which shows an example of the harbor structure which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows arrangement | positioning of the block which comprises a harbor structure same as the above. It is a top view which shows the state before concrete placement same as the above. It is a perspective view which shows the main middle block same as the above. It is sectional drawing which shows the main middle stage block same as the above. It is a front view which shows the 2nd Example of the harbor structure which concerns on this invention. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the middle block same as the above. It is sectional drawing which shows the main middle stage block same as the above. (A) Perspective view showing top plate block constituting main product block body in third embodiment of harbor structure according to the present invention, (b) Perspective view showing middle block above, (c) Lower block above. FIG. It is a front view of a harbor structure same as the above. It is sectional drawing of a harbor structure same as the above. The port structure is shown, and the left side from the line A-A in the figure is a plan view showing the upper part of the middle block and the right side is the upper part of the top block. It is a top view which shows the construction method of the harbor structure in the 1st Example of this invention. It is a sectional side view same as the above. It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional harbor structure. It is a perspective view which shows the state which accumulated the hollow frame block same as the above.

A Rubble mound B Concrete C Backfill stone D Backfill 1 Port structure 2a Upper left block 2b Left middle block 2c Lower left block 2d Upper right block 2e Right middle block 2f Right lower block 2g Main upper block 2h Main middle block 2i Main lower block 3a Left end product block body 3b Right end product block body 3c Main product block body 4 Hollow part 5 Concrete 6 Concrete filling concave part 7 Concrete filling space 8 Concrete 9 Water-expandable rubber 10 Water-expandable rubber 12 Sliding prevention convex part 13 Sliding prevention recess 14 One side guide inclined surface 15 Other side guide inclined surface 16 Connection hardware 17 Connection member 18 Inter-left joint surface 20a Upper left block 20c Left middle block 20c Lower left block 20d Upper right block 20e Right middle block 20f Lower right block 20g Main upper block 20h Main middle block 20i Main lower block 21 Harbor structure 30a Left end block 30b Right end block 30c Main block 31 Concrete filling recess 32 Concrete filling space 33 Longitudinal projection 34 Horizontal projection 35 Front and rear Directional recess 36 Leftward / rightward recess 37 Harbor structure 38 Wave-dissipating hole 39 Main stack block 39a Top plate block 39b Middle block 39c Lower block 40, 40a Concrete 41 Recessed portion 42 Step portion 43 Recessed portion for placing concrete between top plates 44 Existing block 45 New block 46 Pulling rope 47 Rope guide 48 Small roll hook 49 Hook 50 Quay wall 51 Hollow frame block 52 Laminated mold 53 Underwater concrete

Claims (1)

Formed by stacking unreinforced concrete blocks vertically and horizontally,
Of the upper and lower joint surfaces facing each other in the upper and lower blocks, the upper and lower joint surfaces of one block are formed with a trapezoidal cross-section of the anti-sliding convex portion and the upper and lower joints of the other block. The surface is formed with a non-sliding recess for fitting to the anti-sliding convex, and the anti-sliding convex and the anti-sliding concave are fitted together,
Concave portions for concrete filling that are continuous in the vertical direction are formed on the side surfaces of the blocks that are adjacent to the left and right, and the concrete filling recesses of the blocks that are adjacent to the left and right are butted together to form a concrete filling space. formed, Oite to harbor structure wherein between blocks concrete to the concrete-filled space is pouring are integrated,
Left and right joint surfaces are formed on both sides of the concrete filling recesses along the concrete filling recesses on opposite sides of the left and right blocks, and concrete leaks between the joint surfaces. Water-expandable rubber is interposed to prevent
The block is formed in a rectangular tube shape having a hollow portion penetrating vertically.
Among the upper and lower joint surfaces facing each other in the upper and lower blocks, the upper and lower joint surfaces of one block are inclined in the direction in which the inner peripheral edge protrudes from the rectangular outer peripheral edge of the block. A side guide inclined surface is formed, and an upper side joint inclined surface of the other block is formed with the other side guide inclined surface that is inclined in the direction opposite to the one side guide inclined surface and is aligned therewith. A port structure characterized by that.

Images