JP4612974B2 - Method for producing benzylamine derivative - Google Patents
Method for producing benzylamine derivative Download PDFInfo
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- JP4612974B2 JP4612974B2 JP2001242745A JP2001242745A JP4612974B2 JP 4612974 B2 JP4612974 B2 JP 4612974B2 JP 2001242745 A JP2001242745 A JP 2001242745A JP 2001242745 A JP2001242745 A JP 2001242745A JP 4612974 B2 JP4612974 B2 JP 4612974B2
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- ZGOAWTVDCSKYTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N COc1cc2ccc1OCc(cc1)cc(OC)c1OCc(cc1OC)ccc1OC2 Chemical compound COc1cc2ccc1OCc(cc1)cc(OC)c1OCc(cc1OC)ccc1OC2 ZGOAWTVDCSKYTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、抗腫瘍効果を有するステロイド誘導体の合成中間体として有用な、一般式(I)
【化6】
(式中、R1およびR2は同一または異なって、ヒドロキシ基または低級アルコキシ基を示し、R3およびR4はいずれか一方が水素原子を示し、他方が脂肪族もしくは芳香族の炭化水素残基を示すか、またはR3およびR4は同一または異なって脂肪族もしくは芳香族の炭化水素残基を示すか、あるいはR3およびR4は一緒になって、酸素原子が介在していてもよい低級アルキレン基を示す)
で表されるベンジルアミン誘導体(I)の製造法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、ベンジルアミン誘導体(I)の製造法としては、ベンズアルデヒド誘導体の還元的アミノメチル化反応が知られているが、この反応で用いられる還元剤には次のような問題点があり、工業的な製造法としては好ましくない。
すなわち、水素化ホウ素ナトリウムを用いる方法[J.Org.Chem.,28,3259(1963)]では、ベンジルアルコール誘導体が副生して目的物の収率が低下する。
また、シアン化水素化ホウ素ナトリウムを用いる方法[Synthesis,135(1975)]では、有毒なシアン化合物が副生する。
さらに、ボラン−ピリジンコンプレックスを用いる方法[J.C.S.Perkin trans,1,717(1984)]、およびトリアセトキシ水素化ホウ素ナトリウムを用いる方法[J.Org.Chem.,61,3849(1996)]も報告されているが、これらの方法で用いられる反応試剤はいずれも高価であり、工業的な規模での生産には適していない。
【0003】
また、アゾジカルボン酸ジエチルとトリフェニルホスフィンを用いる方法[J.Org.Chem.,62,3754(1997)]では、副生する1,2−ジカルボエトキシヒドラジンやトリフェニルホスフィンオキシドの除去が困難であり、工業的な製法としては好ましくない。
また、フェノール、o−ジフェノールあるいはその低級アルキルエーテルを酸性条件下にホルムアルデヒドおよびジアルキルアミンの混合物と接触させてベンジルアミン誘導体(I)を得る方法も知られているが(特公昭47−10372号公報)、この方法では、アミンの置換位置が異なった化合物が副生したり、ホルムアルデヒドを用いるため刺激臭が発生したりする不都合がある。
さらに、ベンジルアルコール誘導体(II)からベンジルハライド誘導体(III)を合成し、これに次いでシアン化ナトリウムを作用させてベンジルニトリル誘導体を得る方法[Org.Synth.,Coll.Vol.4,576(1963)]も知られているが、ベンジルハライド誘導体(III)からベンジルアミン誘導体(I)を直接得る方法は知られていなかった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
この発明の発明者らは、抗腫瘍効果を有するステロイド誘導体の側鎖として有用なベンジルアミン誘導体(I)を、簡便に、安全に、安価に、しかも効率よく製造する方法を開発すべく鋭意研究を重ねた。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
その結果、本発明者らは、ベンジルアルコール誘導体(II)をハロゲン化水素酸と反応させてベンジルハライド誘導体(III)とし、次いでこれに直接アミン化合物(IV)を反応させれば、意外なことに、目的とするベンジルアミン誘導体(I)を簡便に、安全に、安価に、しかも効率よく製造できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに到った。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明の方法は、一般式(II)
【化7】
(式中、R1およびR2は同一または異なって、ヒドロキシ基または低級アルコキシ基を示す)
で表されるベンジルアルコール誘導体(II)をハロゲン化水素酸と反応させて、一般式(III)
【化8】
(式中、R1およびR2はそれぞれ前記と同じであり、Xはハロゲン原子を示す)で表されるベンジルハライド誘導体(III)とし、次いでこれに一般式(IV)
【化9】
(式中、R3およびR4は、いずれか一方が水素原子を示し、他方が脂肪族もしくは芳香族の炭化水素残基を示すか、またはR3およびR4は同一または異なって脂肪族もしくは芳香族の炭化水素残基を示すか、あるいはR3およびR4は一緒になって、酸素原子が介在していてもよい低級アルキレン基を示す)
で表されるアミン化合物を反応させて、一般式(I)
【化10】
(式中、R1、R2、R3およびR4はそれぞれ前記と同じである)
で表されるベンジルアミン誘導体(I)を得ることにより行われる。
【0007】
上記の一般式において、R1およびR2で示される低級アルコキシ基としては、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、イソプロポキシ、ブトキシ、t−ブトキシ、ペンチルオキシ、ヘキシルオキシなどの、炭素数1〜6の、直鎖状または分枝鎖状のアルコキシ基が挙げられる。
Xで示されるハロゲン原子としては、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素などが挙げられ、好ましいのは塩素である。
【0008】
R3およびR4で示される脂肪族の炭化水素残基には、炭素数1〜6の直鎖状または分枝鎖状の低級アルキル基、および炭素数3〜6の環状のシクロアルキル基が含まれる。そして、低級アルキル基としては、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、t−ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシルなどが挙げられる。また、シクロアルキル基としては、シクロプロピル、シクロブチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシルなどが挙げられる。
R3およびR4で示される芳香族の炭化水素残基には、フェニル、トリル、キシリル、ナフチルなどのアリール基が挙げられる。
これらの脂肪族炭化水素残基および芳香族炭化水素残基のうち、好ましいのは低級アルキル基であり、特に好ましいのはエチル基である。
R3およびR4が一緒になって表される低級アルキレン基としては、エチレン、トリメチレン、テトラメチレン、ペンタメチレンなどが挙げられ、これらの低級アルキレン基には任意の位置に酸素原子が介在していてもよい。
R3およびR4が一緒になって、酸素原子が介在していてもよい上記のような低級アルキレン基を表す場合のアミン化合物としては、例えばアジリジン、アゼチジン、ピロリジン、ピペリジン、モルホリンなどが挙げられる。
【0009】
本発明の製造法における第1工程は、ベンジルアルコール誘導体(II)をハロゲン化水素酸と反応させることにより行われる。
この反応は、通常、溶媒中でベンジルアルコール誘導体(II)に対してハロゲン化水素酸を1〜10当量、好ましくは2〜5当量作用させることにより行われる。ハロゲン化水素酸の使用量が1当量より少ないと反応が十分に進行せず、また10当量より多いと副生物が生成しやすくなり、好ましくない。
溶媒としては反応に悪影響を与えないものであれば特に限定されないが、具体的にはアセトン、メチルエチルケトン、クロロホルム、トルエン、酢酸エチル、アセトニトリル、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、テトラヒドロフラン、石油エーテル、ヘキサンなどが挙げられる。これらの溶媒のうち、アセトン中でベンジルハライド誘導体(III)が最も安定であるので、アセトンが特に好ましい。溶媒の使用量は特に限定されないが、通常、ベンジルアルコール誘導体(II)の重量に対して2〜20倍程度、好ましくは10〜15倍程度である。
反応温度は特に限定されないが、通常、−5〜45℃、好ましくは10〜30℃前後である。反応時間は1〜30分間程度であり、通常は3〜10分程度で反応が十分に進行する。
この反応で生成するベンジルハライド誘導体(III)は、単離・精製しないで次の反応に用いても、目的物の収率低下をもたらさない。
なお、この反応では、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウムなどの脱ハロゲン剤を用いてもよい。
【0010】
本発明の製造法では、上記のようにして得られたベンジルハライド誘導体(III)を次いでアミン化合物(IV)との反応に付す。
この反応は、通常、第1工程で出発物質として用いられたベンジルアルコール誘導体(II)に対して2〜6当量、好ましくは3〜5当量のアミン化合物(IV)を、上記で得られたベンジルハライド誘導体(III)に、溶媒中で作用させることにより行われる。この工程でアミン化合物(IV)をやや過剰量使用すると、副生するハロゲン化水素酸を捕捉できて好ましい。
この反応で用いられる溶媒としては、反応に悪影響を与えないものであれば特に限定されないが、上記の第1工程で用いられた溶媒をそのままこの第2工程の反応でも用いるのが好ましい。
反応温度は特に限定されないが、通常、−5〜55℃、好ましくは20〜35℃である。反応時間は1〜30分間程度であり、通常は5〜15分間程度で反応が十分に進行する。
【0011】
上記のようにして得られるベンジルアミン誘導体(I)は、常法により反応混合物から単離され、精製される。
このようにして得られるベンジルアミン誘導体(I)は、例えば国際公開公報WO99/33859号に記載のステロイド系抗腫瘍剤を製造するための合成中間体として有用である。
以下、ベンジルアミン誘導体(I)の製造法を実施例により詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例により制限されるものではない。
【0012】
【実施例】
実施例1
アセトン720mlにバニリルアルコール60g(0.39mol)を溶解し、この溶液に36%塩酸107ml(1.29mol)を2分間で滴下した。この混合物を室温で5分間撹拌した後、反応フラスコを氷浴に浸し、ジエチルアミン179ml(1.72mol)を14分間で滴下した。この混合物を室温で5分間撹拌した後、反応混合物にジクロロメタン600mlを加えた。有機層を分取し、水600mlで2回洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウム15gで乾燥した後、ろ過した。ろ液から溶媒を減圧下に留去して、4−ジエチルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール63.3g(収率:77.7%)を油状物として得た。
EI−MS:209(M+)
1H−NMR(CDCl3,内部標準テトラメチルシラン,270MHz)δ:6.75−6.89(3H,m),2.84−3.88(3H,dd),3.45−3.48(2H,dd),2.46−2.55(4H,m),0.97−1.06(6H,m)
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,内部標準テトラメチルシラン,270MHz)δ:8.74(1H,s),6.83(1H,s),6.67(2H,s),3.73(3H,s), 3.39(2H,s), 2.38−2.46(4H,q),0.92−0.98(6H,t)
IR(KBr板)cm-1:3000,2850,1620,1520,1480,1400,1290,1160,1130,1040,870,830,810,780,760,580
【0013】
実施例2
実施例1におけるアセトン720mlの代わりにメチルエチルケトン720mlを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−ジエチルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール(収率72.8%)を得た。
実施例3
実施例1におけるアセトン720mlの代わりに酢酸エチル720mlを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−ジエチルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール(収率71.3%)を得た。
実施例4
実施例1におけるアセトン720mlの代わりにアセトニトリル720mlを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−ジエチルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール(収率68.4%)を得た。
【0014】
実施例5
実施例1におけるアセトン720mlの代わりにクロロホルム720mlを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−ジエチルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール(収率66.2%)を得た。
実施例6
実施例1における36%塩酸107mlの代わりに48%臭化水素酸144mlを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−ジエチルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール(収率42.6%)を得た。
【0015】
実施例7
実施例1における36%塩酸107mlの代わりに57%ヨウ化水素酸288gを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−ジエチルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール(収率56.6%)を得た。
実施例8
実施例1におけるジエチルアミン179mlの代わりにt−ブチルアミン180mlを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−(t−ブチルアミノメチル)−2−メトキシフェノール(収率:34.8%)を得た。
EI−MS:209(M+)
1H−NMR(CDCl3,内部標準テトラメチルシラン,270MHz)δ:6.78−6.85(3H,m),3.82(3H,s),3.65(2H,s),1.19(9H,s)
実施例9
実施例1におけるジエチルアミン179mlの代わりにジメチルアミン174mlを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−ジメチルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール(収率:57.6%)を得た。
EI−MS:181(M+)
1H−NMR(CDCl3,内部標準テトラメチルシラン,270MHz)δ:6.75−6.88(3H,m),3.85(3H,s),3.36(2H,s),2.24(6H,s)
【0016】
実施例10
実施例1におけるジエチルアミン179mlの代わりにピロリジン143mlを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−(1−ピロリジニルメチル)−2−メトキシフェノール(収率:71.6%)を得た。
EI−MS:207(M+)
1H−NMR(CDCl3,内部標準テトラメチルシラン,270MHz)δ:6.78−6.89(3H,m),3.83(3H,s),3.55(2H,s),2.52(4H,m),1.79(4H,m)
実施例11
実施例1におけるジエチルアミン179mlの代わりにモルホリン149mlを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−モルホリノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール(収率:74.5%)を得た。
EI−MS:223(M+)
1H−NMR(CDCl3,内部標準テトラメチルシラン,270MHz)δ:6.79−6.87(3H,m),3.89(3H,s),3.70−3.73(4H,m),3.42(2H,s),2.43−2.45(4H,m)
実施例12
実施例1におけるジエチルアミン179mlの代わりにアニリン156mlを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−アニリノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール(収率:48.3%)を得た。
EI−MS:229(M+)
1H−NMR(CDCl3,内部標準テトラメチルシラン,270MHz)δ:6.63−7.25(8H,m),4.23(2H,s),3.86(3H,s),2.58(1H,s)
【0017】
実施例13
実施例1におけるジエチルアミン179mlの代わりにN−メチルアニリン186mlを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−(N−メチル−N−フェニルアミノメチル)−2−メトキシフェノール(収率:74.5%)を得た。
EI−MS:243(M+)
1H−NMR(CDCl3,内部標準テトラメチルシラン,270MHz)δ:6.72−7.25(8H,m),5.52(1H,s),4.43(2H,s),3.82(3H,s),2.96(3H,s)
実施例14
実施例1におけるジエチルアミン179mlの代わりにジフェニルアミン288gを用い、実施例1と同様に処理して、4−ジフェニルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール(収率:49.5%)を得た。
EI−MS:305(M+)
1H−NMR(CDCl3,内部標準テトラメチルシラン,270MHz)δ:6.81−7.26(13H,m),5.48(1H,s),4.92(2H,s),3.78(3H,s)
【0018】
比較例1
ジクロロメタン15mlにバニリルアルコール3g(19.5mmol)を懸濁し、この懸濁液に36%塩酸7.2ml(86.4mmol)を滴下した。この混合物を室温で15分間撹拌した。有機層を分取し、水10mlで洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、ろ過した。ろ液から溶媒を減圧下に留去して、4−ヒドロキシ−3メトキシベンジルクロライド2.41g(収率:71.7%)を油状物として得た。
1H−NMR(CDCl3,内部標準テトラメチルシラン,270MHz)δ:6.87−6.89(3H,d),4.54(2H,s),3.89(3H,s)
上記で得られた4−ヒドロキシ−3メトキシベンジルクロライド1.3gをアセトン6mlに溶解し、これにジエチルアミン2mlおよび炭酸ナトリウム1.6gを混合した液を滴下し、室温で15分間反応させた。反応混合物を実施例1と同様に処理し、カラムクロマトグラフィーで精製して、4−ジエチルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール0.13g(バニリルアルコールからの通算収率:6%)を油状物として得た。
【0019】
比較例2
36%塩酸1200ml(14.4mol)にバニリルアルコール60g(0.39mol)を加えた。この混合物を室温で20分間撹拌した後、これに水900mlおよびジクロロメタン700mlを加えた。水層を分取し、ジクロロメタン400mlで2回抽出し、抽出液を有機層と合わせた。これを水500mlで3回洗浄し、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、ろ過した。ろ液から減圧下に溶媒を留去し、褐色の粉末60.3gを得た。この粉末45gをクロロホルムで洗浄して、次式で表される3量体化合物4.2gを淡黄色の粉末として得た。
【化11】
EI−MS:408(M+)
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6,内部標準テトラメチルシラン,270MHz)δ:6.82−6.84(9H,d),4.55−4.60(3H,dd), 3.72(9H,s), 3.33−3.38(3H,dd)
この比較例2では、ベンジルアルコールに対して、ハロゲン化剤としての36%塩酸を大過剰(37当量)使用したため、3量体が副生した。
【0020】
比較例3
J.Org.Chem.,28,3259(1963)に記載の方法に準じて、以下の反応を行った。
バニリン1g(6.57mmol)を1,2−ジクロロエタン10mlに溶解し、この溶液にジエチルアミン0.9ml(8.68mmol)を滴下した。この混合物を室温で10分間撹拌した後、水素化ホウ素ナトリウム0.4g(10.6mmol)を加え、室温で撹拌した。反応の途中で、水素化ホウ素ナトリウム0.7g(18.5mmol)およびジエチルアミン0.9ml(8.68mmol)を追加し、室温でさらに44時間撹拌した。反応液に水20mlを加え、ジクロロメタン10mlで抽出した。抽出液を水10mlで洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、ろ過した。ろ液から減圧下に溶媒を留去し、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムで精製して、4−ジエチルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール0.26g(収率:18.8%)を油状物として得た。
【0021】
比較例4
J.C.S.Perkin trans,1,717(1984)に記載の方法に準じて、以下の反応を行った。
バニリン3g(19.7mmol)をメタノール30mlに溶解し、この溶液にジエチルアミン2.7ml(25.6mmol)を滴下した。この混合物を室温で10分間撹拌した後、反応液を1℃まで冷却した。これにボラン−ピリジンコンプレックス3.2ml(31.5mmol)を加え、氷冷下で1時間、室温で25時間撹拌した。反応液にホルマリン水7.7mlおよび水10mlを加え、トルエン20mlで抽出した。抽出液を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、減圧下に溶媒を留去して、4−ジエチルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール1.23g(収率:29.8%)を油状物として得た。
【0022】
比較例5
J.Org.Chem.,61,3849(1996)に記載の方法に準じて、以下の反応を行った。
バニリン5g(32.9mmol)を1,2−ジクロロエタン33mlに溶解し、この溶液にジエチルアミン4.4ml(42.4mmol)を滴下した。この混合物を室温で10分間撹拌した後、反応液を5℃まで冷却し、これにトリアセトキシ水素化ホウ素ナトリウム11.2g(52.8mmol)を加えた。この混合物を2〜28℃で20時間撹拌した後、炭酸水素ナトリウム飽和水溶液50mlを加え、酢酸エチル130mlで抽出した。抽出液を炭酸水素ナトリウム飽和水溶液50mlおよび飽和食塩水30mlでそれぞれ洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウム7gで乾燥し、ろ過した。ろ液から減圧下に溶媒を留去し、濃縮残渣4.18gを得た。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムで精製して、4−ジエチルアミノメチル−2−メトキシフェノール2.07g(収率:30.1%)を油状物として得た。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、ベンジルアルコール誘導体(II)をハロゲン化水素酸と反応させてベンジルハライド誘導体(III)とし、次いでこれにアミン化合物(IV)を直接反応させることにより、目的とするベンジルアミン誘導体(I)を簡便に、安全に、安価に、しかも効率よく製造できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is useful as a synthetic intermediate of a steroid derivative having an antitumor effect.
[Chemical 6]
(Wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and each represents a hydroxy group or a lower alkoxy group, one of R 3 and R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, and the other represents an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon residue. R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different and represent an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon residue, or R 3 and R 4 may be combined together with an oxygen atom interposed Represents a good lower alkylene group)
It is related with the manufacturing method of benzylamine derivative (I) represented by these.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a reductive aminomethylation reaction of a benzaldehyde derivative is known as a method for producing a benzylamine derivative (I). However, the reducing agent used in this reaction has the following problems and is industrially Such a manufacturing method is not preferable.
That is, in the method using sodium borohydride [J. Org. Chem., 28 , 3259 (1963)], a benzyl alcohol derivative is produced as a by-product and the yield of the target product is lowered.
Further, in the method using sodium borohydride [Synthesis, 135 (1975)], a toxic cyanide is by-produced.
Furthermore, a method using a borane-pyridine complex [JCSPerkin trans, 1 , 717 (1984)] and a method using sodium triacetoxyborohydride [J. Org. Chem., 61 , 3849 (1996)] have also been reported. However, any of the reaction reagents used in these methods is expensive and not suitable for production on an industrial scale.
[0003]
In addition, it is difficult to remove 1,2-dicarboethoxyhydrazine and triphenylphosphine oxide by-produced by the method using diethyl azodicarboxylate and triphenylphosphine [J. Org. Chem., 62 , 3754 (1997)]. It is not preferable as an industrial production method.
Also known is a method for obtaining benzylamine derivative (I) by contacting phenol, o-diphenol or a lower alkyl ether thereof with a mixture of formaldehyde and dialkylamine under acidic conditions (Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-10372). In this method, there are disadvantages that a compound having a different amine substitution position is produced as a by-product or that an irritating odor is generated because formaldehyde is used.
Further, a method of synthesizing a benzyl halide derivative (III) from a benzyl alcohol derivative (II) and then reacting with sodium cyanide to obtain a benzyl nitrile derivative [Org. Synth., Coll. Vol. 4, 576 (1963)] However, a method for directly obtaining the benzylamine derivative (I) from the benzyl halide derivative (III) has not been known.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The inventors of the present invention have intensively studied to develop a method for producing a benzylamine derivative (I) useful as a side chain of a steroid derivative having an antitumor effect in a simple, safe, inexpensive and efficient manner. Repeated.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result, it would be surprising if the present inventors reacted benzyl alcohol derivative (II) with hydrohalic acid to form benzyl halide derivative (III), and then directly reacted with amine compound (IV). In addition, the inventors have found that the target benzylamine derivative (I) can be produced simply, safely, inexpensively and efficiently, and have completed the present invention.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The method of the present invention comprises the general formula (II)
[Chemical 7]
(In the formula, R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and represent a hydroxy group or a lower alkoxy group)
The benzyl alcohol derivative (II) represented by the general formula (III)
[Chemical 8]
(Wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same as defined above, and X represents a halogen atom), the benzyl halide derivative (III) represented by formula (IV)
[Chemical 9]
(In the formula, either one of R 3 and R 4 represents a hydrogen atom and the other represents an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon residue, or R 3 and R 4 are the same or different and are aliphatic or Represents an aromatic hydrocarbon residue, or R 3 and R 4 together represent a lower alkylene group in which an oxygen atom may be interposed)
Is reacted with an amine compound represented by the general formula (I)
Embedded image
(Wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are the same as defined above)
It is carried out by obtaining a benzylamine derivative (I) represented by
[0007]
In the above general formula, examples of the lower alkoxy group represented by R 1 and R 2 include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, t-butoxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy and the like having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, A linear or branched alkoxy group is mentioned.
Examples of the halogen atom represented by X include chlorine, bromine, iodine and the like, with chlorine being preferred.
[0008]
The aliphatic hydrocarbon residue represented by R 3 and R 4 includes a linear or branched lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and a cyclic cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. included. Examples of the lower alkyl group include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, hexyl and the like. Examples of the cycloalkyl group include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and the like.
Aromatic hydrocarbon residues represented by R 3 and R 4 include aryl groups such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, naphthyl and the like.
Of these aliphatic hydrocarbon residues and aromatic hydrocarbon residues, a lower alkyl group is preferred, and an ethyl group is particularly preferred.
Examples of the lower alkylene group represented by R 3 and R 4 taken together include ethylene, trimethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene and the like, and these lower alkylene groups have an oxygen atom interposed at an arbitrary position. May be.
Examples of the amine compound in the case where R 3 and R 4 together represent a lower alkylene group which may have an oxygen atom interposed therebetween include aziridines, azetidines, pyrrolidines, piperidines, morpholines, and the like. .
[0009]
The first step in the production method of the present invention is performed by reacting the benzyl alcohol derivative (II) with hydrohalic acid.
This reaction is usually performed by allowing 1 to 10 equivalents, preferably 2 to 5 equivalents, of hydrohalic acid to act on benzyl alcohol derivative (II) in a solvent. When the amount of hydrohalic acid used is less than 1 equivalent, the reaction does not proceed sufficiently, and when it is more than 10 equivalents, a by-product tends to be generated, which is not preferable.
The solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the reaction, and specifically, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, chloroform, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, petroleum ether, hexane, etc. Can be mentioned. Of these solvents, acetone is particularly preferred since benzyl halide derivative (III) is the most stable in acetone. Although the usage-amount of a solvent is not specifically limited, Usually, it is about 2 to 20 times with respect to the weight of benzyl alcohol derivative (II), Preferably it is about 10 to 15 times.
Although reaction temperature is not specifically limited, Usually, it is -5-45 degreeC, Preferably it is about 10-30 degreeC. The reaction time is about 1 to 30 minutes, and usually the reaction proceeds sufficiently in about 3 to 10 minutes.
Even if the benzyl halide derivative (III) produced in this reaction is used in the next reaction without isolation and purification, the yield of the target product is not reduced.
In this reaction, a dehalogenating agent such as sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate may be used.
[0010]
In the production method of the present invention, the benzyl halide derivative (III) obtained as described above is then subjected to a reaction with an amine compound (IV).
This reaction is usually carried out by adding 2 to 6 equivalents, preferably 3 to 5 equivalents of amine compound (IV) with respect to benzyl alcohol derivative (II) used as a starting material in the first step. This is performed by reacting the halide derivative (III) in a solvent. It is preferable to use a slightly excessive amount of the amine compound (IV) in this step because it can capture the by-produced hydrohalic acid.
The solvent used in this reaction is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the reaction, but it is preferable to use the solvent used in the first step as it is in the reaction of the second step.
Although reaction temperature is not specifically limited, Usually, -5-55 degreeC, Preferably it is 20-35 degreeC. The reaction time is about 1 to 30 minutes, and usually the reaction proceeds sufficiently in about 5 to 15 minutes.
[0011]
The benzylamine derivative (I) obtained as described above is isolated from the reaction mixture and purified by a conventional method.
The benzylamine derivative (I) thus obtained is useful as a synthetic intermediate for producing, for example, a steroidal antitumor agent described in International Publication No. WO99 / 33859.
Hereinafter, although the manufacturing method of benzylamine derivative (I) is demonstrated in detail by an Example, this invention is not restrict | limited by these Examples.
[0012]
【Example】
Example 1
In 720 ml of acetone, 60 g (0.39 mol) of vanillyl alcohol was dissolved, and 107 ml of 36% hydrochloric acid (1.29 mol) was added dropwise to this solution over 2 minutes. After stirring this mixture at room temperature for 5 minutes, the reaction flask was immersed in an ice bath, and 179 ml (1.72 mol) of diethylamine was added dropwise over 14 minutes. After the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 minutes, 600 ml of dichloromethane was added to the reaction mixture. The organic layer was separated, washed twice with 600 ml of water, dried over 15 g of magnesium sulfate, and then filtered. The solvent was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain 63.3 g (yield: 77.7%) of 4-diethylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol as an oil.
EI-MS: 209 (M + )
1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , internal standard tetramethylsilane, 270 MHz) δ: 6.75-6.89 (3H, m), 2.84-3.88 (3H, dd), 3.45-3-3. 48 (2H, dd), 2.46-2.55 (4H, m), 0.97-1.06 (6H, m)
1 H-NMR (DMSO-d 6 , internal standard tetramethylsilane, 270 MHz) δ: 8.74 (1H, s), 6.83 (1H, s), 6.67 (2H, s), 3.73 (3H, s), 3.39 (2H, s), 2.38-2.46 (4H, q), 0.92-0.98 (6H, t)
IR (KBr plate) cm −1 : 3000, 2850, 1620, 1520, 1480, 1400, 1290, 1160, 1130, 1040, 870, 830, 810, 780, 760, 580
[0013]
Example 2
4-Diethylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol (yield 72.8%) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 720 ml of methyl ethyl ketone was used instead of 720 ml of acetone in Example 1.
Example 3
4-Diethylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol (yield 71.3%) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 720 ml of ethyl acetate was used instead of 720 ml of acetone in Example 1.
Example 4
4-Diethylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol (yield 68.4%) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 720 ml of acetonitrile was used instead of 720 ml of acetone in Example 1.
[0014]
Example 5
4-Diethylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol (yield 66.2%) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 720 ml of chloroform was used instead of 720 ml of acetone in Example 1.
Example 6
The same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out using 144 ml of 48% hydrobromic acid instead of 107 ml of 36% hydrochloric acid in Example 1, to obtain 4-diethylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol (yield 42.6%). It was.
[0015]
Example 7
The same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out using 288 g of 57% hydroiodic acid instead of 107 ml of 36% hydrochloric acid in Example 1, to obtain 4-diethylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol (yield 56.6%). It was.
Example 8
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 180 ml of t-butylamine was used instead of 179 ml of diethylamine in Example 1, 4- (t-butylaminomethyl) -2-methoxyphenol (yield: 34.8%) was obtained. Obtained.
EI-MS: 209 (M + )
1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , internal standard tetramethylsilane, 270 MHz) δ: 6.78-6.85 (3H, m), 3.82 (3H, s), 3.65 (2H, s), 1 .19 (9H, s)
Example 9
4-Dimethylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol (yield: 57.6%) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 174 ml of dimethylamine was used instead of 179 ml of diethylamine in Example 1.
EI-MS: 181 (M + )
1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , internal standard tetramethylsilane, 270 MHz) δ: 6.75-6.88 (3H, m), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.36 (2H, s), 2 .24 (6H, s)
[0016]
Example 10
Using 143 ml of pyrrolidine instead of 179 ml of diethylamine in Example 1, the same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain 4- (1-pyrrolidinylmethyl) -2-methoxyphenol (yield: 71.6%). It was.
EI-MS: 207 (M + )
1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , internal standard tetramethylsilane, 270 MHz) δ: 6.78-6.89 (3H, m), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.55 (2H, s), 2 .52 (4H, m), 1.79 (4H, m)
Example 11
Using 149 ml of morpholine instead of 179 ml of diethylamine in Example 1, the same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain 4-morpholinomethyl-2-methoxyphenol (yield: 74.5%).
EI-MS: 223 (M + )
1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , internal standard tetramethylsilane, 270 MHz) δ: 6.79-6.87 (3H, m), 3.89 (3H, s), 3.70-3.73 (4H, m), 3.42 (2H, s), 2.43-2.45 (4H, m)
Example 12
Using 156 ml of aniline instead of 179 ml of diethylamine in Example 1, the same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain 4-anilinomethyl-2-methoxyphenol (yield: 48.3%).
EI-MS: 229 (M + )
1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , internal standard tetramethylsilane, 270 MHz) δ: 6.63-7.25 (8H, m), 4.23 (2H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 2 .58 (1H, s)
[0017]
Example 13
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 186 ml of N-methylaniline was used instead of 179 ml of diethylamine in Example 1, 4- (N-methyl-N-phenylaminomethyl) -2-methoxyphenol (yield: 74 .5%).
EI-MS: 243 (M + )
1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , internal standard tetramethylsilane, 270 MHz) δ: 6.72-7.25 (8H, m), 5.52 (1H, s), 4.43 (2H, s), 3 .82 (3H, s), 2.96 (3H, s)
Example 14
4-Diphenylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol (yield: 49.5%) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 288 g of diphenylamine was used instead of 179 ml of diethylamine in Example 1.
EI-MS: 305 (M + )
1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , internal standard tetramethylsilane, 270 MHz) δ: 6.81-7.26 (13H, m), 5.48 (1H, s), 4.92 (2H, s), 3 .78 (3H, s)
[0018]
Comparative Example 1
3 g (19.5 mmol) of vanillyl alcohol was suspended in 15 ml of dichloromethane, and 7.2 ml (86.4 mmol) of 36% hydrochloric acid was added dropwise to this suspension. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes. The organic layer was separated, washed with 10 ml of water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain 2.41 g (yield: 71.7%) of 4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzyl chloride as an oil.
1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , internal standard tetramethylsilane, 270 MHz) δ: 6.87-6.89 (3H, d), 4.54 (2H, s), 3.89 (3H, s)
A solution obtained by dissolving 1.3 g of 4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzyl chloride obtained above in 6 ml of acetone, mixed with 2 ml of diethylamine and 1.6 g of sodium carbonate was added dropwise, and reacted at room temperature for 15 minutes. The reaction mixture was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 and purified by column chromatography to give 0.13 g of 4-diethylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol (total yield from vanillyl alcohol: 6%) as an oil. It was.
[0019]
Comparative Example 2
To 1200 ml (14.4 mol) of 36% hydrochloric acid, 60 g (0.39 mol) of vanillyl alcohol was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes, and then 900 ml of water and 700 ml of dichloromethane were added thereto. The aqueous layer was separated and extracted twice with 400 ml of dichloromethane, and the extract was combined with the organic layer. This was washed 3 times with 500 ml of water, washed with saturated brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain 60.3 g of a brown powder. 45 g of this powder was washed with chloroform to obtain 4.2 g of a trimer compound represented by the following formula as a pale yellow powder.
Embedded image
EI-MS: 408 (M <+> )
1 H-NMR (DMSO-d 6 , internal standard tetramethylsilane, 270 MHz) δ: 6.82-6.84 (9H, d), 4.55 to 4.60 (3H, dd), 3.72 ( 9H, s), 3.33-3.38 (3H, dd)
In Comparative Example 2, since a large excess (37 equivalents) of 36% hydrochloric acid as a halogenating agent was used with respect to benzyl alcohol, a trimer was by-produced.
[0020]
Comparative Example 3
According to the method described in J. Org. Chem., 28 , 3259 (1963), the following reaction was performed.
1 g (6.57 mmol) of vanillin was dissolved in 10 ml of 1,2-dichloroethane, and 0.9 ml (8.68 mmol) of diethylamine was added dropwise to this solution. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, 0.4 g (10.6 mmol) of sodium borohydride was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature. In the middle of the reaction, 0.7 g (18.5 mmol) of sodium borohydride and 0.9 ml (8.68 mmol) of diethylamine were added, and the mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 44 hours. 20 ml of water was added to the reaction solution, and extracted with 10 ml of dichloromethane. The extract was washed with 10 ml of water, dried over magnesium sulfate and filtered. The solvent was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified with a silica gel column to give 0.26 g (yield: 18.8%) of 4-diethylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol as an oil. It was.
[0021]
Comparative Example 4
The following reaction was performed according to the method described in JC S. Perkin trans, 1 , 717 (1984).
3 g (19.7 mmol) of vanillin was dissolved in 30 ml of methanol, and 2.7 ml (25.6 mmol) of diethylamine was added dropwise to this solution. After the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, the reaction solution was cooled to 1 ° C. To this was added 3.2 ml (31.5 mmol) of borane-pyridine complex, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour under ice-cooling and at room temperature for 25 hours. To the reaction solution, 7.7 ml of formalin water and 10 ml of water were added and extracted with 20 ml of toluene. The extract was washed with saturated brine and dried over magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to give 1.23 g (yield: 29.8%) of 4-diethylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol as an oil. Obtained as a thing.
[0022]
Comparative Example 5
The following reaction was performed according to the method described in J. Org. Chem., 61 , 3849 (1996).
5 g (32.9 mmol) of vanillin was dissolved in 33 ml of 1,2-dichloroethane, and 4.4 ml (42.4 mmol) of diethylamine was added dropwise to this solution. After the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, the reaction solution was cooled to 5 ° C., and 11.2 g (52.8 mmol) of sodium triacetoxyborohydride was added thereto. The mixture was stirred at 2 to 28 ° C. for 20 hours, 50 ml of saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added, and the mixture was extracted with 130 ml of ethyl acetate. The extract was washed with 50 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and 30 ml of saturated brine, dried over 7 g of magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was distilled off from the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain 4.18 g of a concentrated residue. The obtained residue was purified with a silica gel column to give 2.07 g (yield: 30.1%) of 4-diethylaminomethyl-2-methoxyphenol as an oil.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the benzyl alcohol derivative (II) is reacted with hydrohalic acid to give the benzyl halide derivative (III), and then the amine compound (IV) is directly reacted therewith to obtain the desired benzylamine derivative. (I) can be produced simply, safely, inexpensively and efficiently.
Claims (4)
で表されるベンジルアルコール誘導体(II)をハロゲン化水素酸と反応させて、一般式(III)
で表されるアミン化合物を反応させて、一般式(I)
で表されるベンジルアミン誘導体(I)を得ることを特徴とするベンジルアミン誘導体の製造法。Formula (II)
The benzyl alcohol derivative (II) represented by the general formula (III)
Is reacted with an amine compound represented by the general formula (I)
A process for producing a benzylamine derivative, characterized in that the benzylamine derivative (I) represented by the formula:
で表される、請求項1に記載の製造法。The benzylamine derivative is of the formula (I ′)
The manufacturing method of Claim 1 represented by these.
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