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JP4637385B2 - Rice husk nursery mat automatic filling device - Google Patents
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JP4637385B2 - Rice husk nursery mat automatic filling device - Google Patents

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JP4637385B2
JP4637385B2 JP2001082256A JP2001082256A JP4637385B2 JP 4637385 B2 JP4637385 B2 JP 4637385B2 JP 2001082256 A JP2001082256 A JP 2001082256A JP 2001082256 A JP2001082256 A JP 2001082256A JP 4637385 B2 JP4637385 B2 JP 4637385B2
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mat
rice husk
moving frame
raising
needle
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JP2002272279A (en
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致 北岸
庸之 三好
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近江度量衡株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、籾殻を原料とする籾殻育苗マットを、育苗箱の中に自動的に充填する籾殻育苗マット自動充填装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、稲作に伴って大量に排出される籾殻を原料として、育苗マットを大量に製造する装置が実用化されている。籾殻育苗マットを用いると、廃棄するしかなかった籾殻を有効に利用することができ、重量が軽いので取り扱い易く、運搬等の作業に要する負担が軽減され、清潔であるばかりか、保水性が良好で稲の成長も早いなどの様々な利点がある。
ところで、育苗マットで苗を育てるには、育苗箱に育苗マットを敷き、ここに播種するのであるが、籾殻育苗マットを自動的に大量生産しても、育苗箱には人出によって一枚ずつ充填しなければならず、この作業に手間がかかって生産効率の向上を妨げていた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
この発明は、柔らかくて脆い籾殻育苗マットを確実に把持して、自動的に効率よく育苗箱に充填することができる籾殻育苗マット自動充填装置を提供することを課題とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の籾殻育苗マット自動充填装置は、籾殻育苗マットが設置されるマット設置部と、空の育苗箱が設置される箱詰め部と、前記マット設置部の上方と箱詰め部の上方との間を往復動すると共に、マット設置部及び箱詰め部の上方において昇降する移動枠と、該移動枠から下方に向けて突出された複数対の把持針とを備える。各対の把持針は、その下部が互いに近接した閉じ状態と、ほぼ平行な開状態との間を揺動可能であって、マット設置部の上方において移動枠が下降した時に閉じ状態になると共に、箱詰め部の上方において前記移動枠が下降した時に開状態になる。
【0005】
予め、移動枠及びこれに取り付けられた把持針は、マット設置部の上方において上昇させ、把持針は開いた状態にしておく。
籾殻育苗マットがマット設置部に設置されると、移動枠及び把持針が下降して把持針の下端部が籾殻育苗マットに突き刺さる。
次いで、各対の把持針が閉じてその下部が互いに接触し、柔らかくて腰のない籾殻育苗マットを確実に把持する。
その後、移動枠及び把持針が把持された籾殻育苗マットと共に上昇し、さらに、箱詰め部の上方に移動する。
【0006】
そして、箱詰め部に空の育苗箱が設置されると、移動枠及び把持針は下降し、把持針によって把持されている籾殻育苗マットが育苗箱の中に挿入される。
次に、把持針が開いて籾殻育苗マットは解放され、その後、移動枠及び把持針が上昇して把持針が籾殻育苗マットから抜ける。
次いで、移動枠及び把持針はマット設置部の上方に戻り、新たな籾殻育苗マットがマット設置部に設置されると、上記した工程を繰り返す。
【0007】
移動枠に、籾殻育苗マットの上面に当接するマット押さえ枠を上下動可能に、且つ、箱詰め部において移動枠が上昇した時、これに遅れて上昇すると共に、他の状態では移動枠に連動して昇降するよう設けることもできる。
把持針が上昇する時に、押さえ枠が籾殻育苗マットを押さえつけて、把持針と共に持ち上がってしまうのを防ぐ。
マット設置部の縦方向両端部に、籾殻育苗マットを縦方向に押圧可能な縦方向圧縮部材を設けると共に、移動枠の横方向両端部に、籾殻育苗マットを横方向に押圧可能な横方向圧縮部材を設けても良い。
この構成により、把持針が籾殻育苗マットを把持するとき、籾殻育苗マットの縦横方向の寸法を縮めて、育苗箱への挿入を容易にする。
横方向圧縮部材は、把持針が閉状態にあるとき、下端が互いに接近して籾殻育苗マットを圧縮し、把持針が開状態にあるとき、互いに平行で前記籾殻育苗マットを解放する押圧片を備えることもある。
籾殻育苗マットを育苗箱に挿入する際に、圧縮片の下部が傾斜してガイドとなる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
本発明の籾殻育苗マット自動充填装置は、籾殻育苗マットAを製造する図示しないマット製造装置に隣接して設置され、図1乃至図3及び図6に示すように、装置全体を支持する架台1と、マット製造装置で製造された籾殻育苗マットAを搬入するマット搬送装置の末端に設けられたマット設置部2と、マット設置部2に並設され、空の育苗箱Bが設置される箱詰め部3と、箱詰め部3の一側に設けられた空箱待機部3と、箱詰め部3の他側に設けられた段積み部6と、空箱待機部4から箱詰め部3を通って段積み部6へ育苗箱Bを搬送する箱搬送装置7と、マット設置部2の上方と箱詰め部3の上方との間を往復動すると共に、マット設置部2及び箱詰め部3の上方において昇降する移動枠8と、移動枠8から下方に向けて突出された複数対の把持針9と、移動枠8に上下動可能に設けられたマット押さえ枠10とを備える。
【0009】
マット製造装置は従来公知のものであって、粉砕した籾殻に適宜バインダ、PH調整剤、液肥等を混合し、これを圧縮・加熱して適当な厚さに成形し、さらに適宜長さに切断して、籾殻育苗マットAを連続的に製造する。
マット搬送装置は、通常のベルトコンベア等より成り、マット製造装置で製造された籾殻育苗マットAを互いに間隔を開けて、矢印a方向に間欠的に搬送するようになっている(図1)。
マット設置部2は、架台1の高さ方向中間部に配設され(図2,図3)、その上方に籾殻育苗マットAが載置されたことを感知する光電スイッチが設けられている。なお、マット設置部2を挟んでマット搬送装置の反対側において、架台1には籾殻育苗マット自動充填装置の制御装置29が取り付けられている(図1,図2)。
【0010】
箱搬送装置7は、マット搬送装置とほぼ平行に配置されたベルトコンベア等から成り、その上面がマット設置部2とほぼ同じ高さになるよう配設されると共に、上面の搬送方向中間部が箱詰め部3となっている。
箱搬送装置7の箱詰め部3よりも上流側に空箱待機部4が設けられ、さらに、その上流側に空箱供給部5が設けられる。なお、箱詰め部3及び空箱供給部5には、それぞれ空の育苗箱Bが載置されたことを感知する光電スイッチが設けられている。
また、箱搬送装置7の箱詰め部3よりも下流側に段積み部6が設けられ、さらに、その下流側に箱排出部11が設けられる。
【0011】
作業員が空の育苗箱Bを、その開口部を上にして10枚程度重ねたものを空箱供給部5に載置し、光電スイッチがこれを感知すると、モータ12が作動して箱搬送装置7が動き、重なった育苗箱Bをそのまま空箱待機部4へ搬送する。そして、重なった育苗箱Bはその位置でやや上方に持ち上げられ、1枚の育苗箱Bだけが箱搬送装置7によって箱詰め部3へ搬送され、育苗箱Bが箱詰め部3に達したら箱搬送装置7が停止する。
また、後述するように、空の育苗箱Bに籾殻育苗マットAが充填されたら、再び箱搬送装置7が作動して、充填後の育苗箱Bを段積み部6へ搬送し、これを箱搬送装置7からやや上方へ離脱させて積み重ねる。
積み重ね動作を繰り返して、育苗箱Bが15段〜20段程度積み重なったら、箱搬送装置7へ戻し、箱排出部11を介して次の梱包装置へ移送する。なお、段積み部6に積み重ねられる育苗箱Bの段数は、設定によって適宜変更することができる。
【0012】
架台1の上端において、マット設置部2側の端部と箱詰め部3側の端部には、それぞれ移動枠昇降用シリンダ18が固定され、移動枠昇降用シリンダ18から下方に向けて進退自在に突出するロッドの先端間にガイドレール13が架設される(図4)。
このガイドレール13は、マット搬送装置及び箱搬送装置7と交差するよう配設されることになり(図1)、ガイドレール13に摺動自在に係合されたスライダ14と、移動枠8の四隅部に固定された取付金具15とが結合されている(図4)。
そして、移動枠昇降用シリンダ18のロッドを進退させると、ガイドレール13から吊り下げられた移動枠8が、マット設置部2及び箱詰め部3よりも高い位置において昇降するようになっている。
【0013】
移動枠8は、籾殻育苗マットAの平面形状よりも一回り大きい矩形をなし、その上端には横方向(ガイドレール13と交差する方向)に沿って帯板16が架け渡されると共に、帯板16の中間部にマグネット式ロッドレスシリンダの外部移動子13’がピン接合され、ここにケーブルベア17の一端が取り付けられている。
また、ケーブルベア17の他端は架台1の上端部に対して固定され、マグネット式ロッドレスシリンダの外部移動子13’を移動させると、移動枠8がガイドレール13に沿って、マット設置部2と箱詰め部3との間を往復動するようになっている(図3)。
【0014】
図5に示すように、移動枠8の横方向両側部及び中間部には、それぞれ縦方向(ガイドレール13と平行な方向)に沿う2本1組の針取付軸19が、やや間隔を開けて左右平行に、且つ、回動自在に配設される。
また、図7に示すように、各組の針取付軸19の対向する位置には、把持針9が先端を下に向けて固定金具30により固定されている。なお、図に示す例では、各組の針取付軸19にはそれぞれ5対の把持針9が取り付けられ、移動枠8には合計15対の把持針9が設置されている。
さらに、各針取付軸19の両端には、それぞれ揺動アーム21の下端が固着される。
【0015】
図8に示すように、移動枠8の縦方向中間部の左右両側には、それぞれ第1の針開閉シリンダ24及び第2の針開閉シリンダ24’が互いに対向するよう装着される。
そして、第1の針開閉シリンダ24から進退自在に突出するロッドの先端部が、第1のリンク連結軸23の中間部に固定され、第2の針開閉シリンダ24’から進退自在に突出するロッドの先端部が、第2のリンク連結軸23’の中間部に固定されている。
【0016】
また、図4及び図5に示すように、移動枠8の左側に配置された第1のリンク連結軸23の両端には、第1のリンク部材25が固定され、第1のリンク部材25の両端部及び中間部に、左側の針取付軸19から上方に延びる揺動アーム21の上端が軸着される。
さらに、移動枠8の右側に配置された第2のリンク連結軸23’の両端には、第2のリンク部材25’が固定され、第2のリンク部材25’の両端部及び中間部に、右側の針取付軸19から上方に延びる揺動アーム21の上端が軸着される。
【0017】
図7に示すように、移動枠8の最も横方向端部寄りに配設された針取付軸19の外側面には、籾殻育苗マットAを横方向に押圧する横方向圧縮部材20が、それぞれ針取付軸19の回転に伴って揺動するよう固定されている。
横方向圧縮部材20は、張出部20aの先端から下方に向けて押圧片20bが屈曲されて断面逆L字状に形成され、押圧片20bが把持針9とほぼ同じ高さで平行になるよう取り付けられている。
なお、両側の横方向圧縮部材20の押圧片20bは、互いに平行状態にあるとき、その間の距離が育苗箱Bの内面の横幅よりもやや小さく設定され、横方向圧縮部材20の長さは育苗箱Bの内面の長さよりも小さく形成されている。
【0018】
第1の針開閉シリンダ24及び第2の針開閉シリンダ24’のロッドを伸長した状態では、左右に配置された第1のリンク連結軸23及び第2のリンク連結軸23’、並びに、これに固定された第1のリンク部材25及び第2のリンク部材25’はやや接近した位置に配置される。
そして、第1のリンク部材25に軸着された揺動アーム21と第2のリンク部材25’に軸着された揺動アーム21とはほぼ直立し、各対の把持針9は互いに平行な開いた状態となる。この時、横方向圧縮部材20の押圧片20bも互いに平行となる。
【0019】
また、第1の針開閉シリンダ24及び第2の針開閉シリンダ24’のロッドを退縮させると、左右に配置された第1のリンク連結軸23及び第2のリンク連結軸23’、並びに、これに固定された第1のリンク部材25及び第2のリンク部材25’は互いに離間する。
そして、第1のリンク部材25に軸着された揺動アーム21と第2のリンク部材25’に軸着された揺動アーム21とは、その上端が離間する方向に回転し、揺動アーム21の下端に固定された左右の針取付軸19が互いに逆回転して、各対の把持針9はその下部が近接した閉状態となる。なお、把持針9が閉じ状態にある時は、その下端が当接するか、或いは下部寄りにおいて交差することが望ましい。また、この時、横方向圧縮部材20の押圧片20bの下端も互いに接近する。
【0020】
図6に示すように、マット設置部2の縦方向両端部には、マット圧縮用シリンダ26がそのロッドを内側に向けて水平に設置され、このロッドの先端には、籾殻育苗マットAを縦方向に押圧する縦方向圧縮部材27がそれぞれ固定されている。
縦方向圧縮部材27は、その内側先端に下方に向けて屈曲する圧縮片27aを設けた逆L字状の断面を有し、圧縮片27aの下端が把持針9の下端よりもやや低くなるよう配設される。また、縦方向圧縮部材27の幅は、育苗箱Bの内面の横幅よりもやや小さく形成されている。
そして、マット圧縮用シリンダ26のロッドが退縮している状態では、両側の縦方向圧縮部材27が互いに離間しており、マット圧縮用シリンダ26のロッドを伸長させると、縦方向圧縮部材27が互いに接近するようになっている。
【0021】
図6及び図7に示すように、移動枠8の四隅部近傍には、押さえ枠昇降用シリンダ28がロッドを下に向けて取り付けられ、このロッドの先端にマット押さえ枠10の四隅部がそれぞれ固着されている。
マット押さえ枠10の平面形状は、籾殻育苗マットAの平面より一回り小さく形成され、押さえ枠昇降用シリンダ28のロッドが退縮している常態にあっては、把持針9の先端よりも高い針取付軸19の近くまで引き上がられている。
また、押さえ枠昇降用シリンダ28のロッドを伸長させると、マット押さえ枠10は把持針9の先端よりも低い位置まで降下する。
【0022】
この籾殻育苗マット自動充填装置は、次のようにして籾殻育苗マットAを育苗箱Bへ充填する。
予め、移動枠8をマット設置部2の上方へ配置すると共に、移動枠昇降用シリンダ18のロッドを退縮させて、ガイドレール13及びこれに吊持された移動枠8を上昇させておく。また、移動枠8に設けられた把持針9は開いた状態に、マット押さえ枠10は上昇した状態に、一対の横方向圧縮部材20及び一対の縦方向圧縮部材27は互いに離れた状態にしておく。
さらに、段積みされて空箱供給部5に載置された空の育苗箱Bを、箱搬送装置7によって空箱待機部4へ移送しておく。
【0023】
マット製造装置で製造された籾殻育苗マットAが、マット搬送装置によりやや間隔を開けて籾殻育苗マット自動充填装置まで搬送され、1枚の籾殻育苗マットAがマット設置部2へ設置される。
マット設置部2に設けられた光電スイッチが籾殻育苗マットAを感知すると、マット圧縮用シリンダ26のロッドがそれぞれ伸長して、両側の縦方向圧縮部材27が互いに接近し、圧縮片27aの間に挟まれた籾殻育苗マットAを縦方向に圧縮する。
【0024】
次に、移動枠昇降用シリンダ18のロッドが伸長されて、移動枠8及びこれに搭載された把持針9が降下する。この結果、移動枠8から下方に突出している把持針9の先端が籾殻育苗マットAに突き刺さる。
次いで、第1の針開閉シリンダ24及び第2の針開閉シリンダ24’のロッドを退縮させて揺動アーム21を傾斜させ、これにより、横方向圧縮部材20の押圧片20bの下端を互いに接近させて、その間に挟まれた籾殻育苗マットAを横方向に圧縮すると共に、各対の把持針9を閉じて籾殻育苗マットAを確実に把持する。
【0025】
さらに、移動枠昇降用シリンダ18のロッドを退縮させて、移動枠8、把持針9及びマット押さえ枠10を、把持針9で掴んだ籾殻育苗マットAと共に上昇させる。
その後、マグネット式ロッドレスシリンダの外部移動子13’を移動させて、移動枠8をガイドレール13に沿って箱詰め部3の上方に移動させる。
また、同時に、箱搬送装置7が作動して、空箱待機部4に待機していた空の育苗箱Bの内の1枚が箱詰め部3へ搬送され、この育苗箱Bが箱詰め部3に到着したら箱搬送装置7が停止して、箱詰め部3に空の育苗箱Bが開口部を上にして設置される。
箱詰め部3に育苗箱Bが設置されたことを感知すると、移動枠昇降用シリンダ18のロッドが伸長して、移動枠8、把持針9、マット押さえ枠10及び籾殻育苗マットAを下降させる。
【0026】
すると、把持針9で把持されている籾殻育苗マットAが、横方向圧縮部材20の押圧片20bの下部と共に、箱詰め部3に設置されている育苗箱Bへ挿入される。
この時、籾殻育苗マットAは、縦方向圧縮部材27及び横方向圧縮部材20により縦方向及び横方向に圧縮されて、寸法が小さくなっており、横方向圧縮部材20の押圧片20bが傾斜してガイドとなるので、簡単に育苗箱Bへ差し込むことができる。
次に、第1の針開閉シリンダ24及び第2の針開閉シリンダ24’のロッドを伸長させて揺動アーム21を直立させ、これにより、両側の横方向圧縮部材20の押圧片20b及び各対の把持針9を互いに平行に開き、籾殻育苗マットAに対する横方向の圧縮を解放する。
【0027】
次いで、移動枠昇降用シリンダ18のロッドを退縮させて、移動枠8と、これに搭載された把持針9及び横方向圧縮部材を上昇させ、把持針9を籾殻育苗マットAから抜き取る。
この時、移動枠8の上昇速度と同じ速度で押さえ枠昇降用シリンダ28のロッドを伸長させて、移動枠8に対してマット押さえ枠10を下降させる。この結果、移動枠8が上昇しても押さえ枠10はその高さにとどまり、マット押さえ枠10で籾殻育苗マットAを押さえて、把持針9と一緒に籾殻育苗マットAが持ち上がるのを防ぐ。
把持針9が完全に籾殻育苗マットAから抜けたら、枠昇降用シリンダ28のロッドを退縮させ、移動枠8に遅れてマット押さえ枠10を上昇させる。
【0028】
籾殻育苗マットAが充填された育苗箱Bは、箱搬送装置7によって段積み部6へ搬送され、ここで設定の段数になるまで積み重ねられる。そして、段積みされた育苗箱Bが設定数に達したら、箱搬送装置7に戻されて、箱排出部11に搬送され、さらに次の梱包装置へ向けて搬出される。
また、箱詰め部3の上方において上昇した移動枠8は、マグネット式ロッドレスシリンダによってマット設置部2の上方へ移送され、マット設置部2に新たな籾殻育苗マットAが搬入されたら、上記した工程を繰り返す。
なお、籾殻育苗マットAの大きさに応じて把持針9の数を増減することもでき、移動枠8を往復動させる機構も上記したマグネット式ロッドレスシリンダ以外のもの、例えば、モータ駆動等としても良い。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
請求項1に係る発明によれば、従来人手によって行っていた籾殻育苗マットの育苗箱への充填を、自動的に効率よく行うことができるので、生産性が大幅に高まる。
また、把持針の下端が接触して籾殻育苗マットを掴むので、柔らかくて腰のない籾殻育苗マットであっても確実に把持することができ、マット設置部から箱詰め部への移送途中で籾殻育苗マットが落下する心配がない。
【0030】
請求項2に係る発明によれば、把持針が上昇する時に、押さえ枠が移動枠と共に上昇せずに籾殻育苗マットを押さえつけるので、籾殻育苗マットが把持針と一緒に持ち上がって、育苗箱から脱出するのを防ぐことができる。
請求項3に係る発明によれば、把持針が籾殻育苗マットを把持する際に、籾殻育苗マットの縦横方向の寸法を縮めることができるため、籾殻育苗マットを箱詰め部へ移送して下降したときに育苗箱へ挿入しやすい。
請求項4に係る発明によれば、移動枠を箱詰め部の上方において下降させた時に、横方向圧縮部材の圧縮片が傾斜してガイドとなるので、籾殻育苗マットを簡単に育苗箱へ挿入することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態に係る籾殻育苗マット自動充填装置の平面図
【図2】同上の正面図
【図3】同上の側面図
【図4】同上の要部正面図
【図5】移動枠の要部平面図
【図6】移動枠の要部側面図
【図7】移動枠の要部正面図
【図8】把持針揺動機構を示す正面図
【符号の説明】
1 架台
2 マット設置部
3 箱詰め部
4 空箱待機部
5 空箱供給部
6 段積み部
7 箱搬送装置
8 移動枠
9 把持針
10 マット押さえ枠
11 箱排出部
12 モータ
13 ガイドレール
13’マグネット式ロッドレスシリンダの外部移動子
14 スライダ
15 取付金具
16 帯板
17 ケーブルベア
18 移動枠昇降用シリンダ
19 針取付軸
20 横方向圧縮部材
20a張出片
20b押圧片
21 揺動アーム
23 第1のリンク連結軸
23’第2のリンク連結軸
24 第1の針開閉シリンダ
24’第2の針開閉シリンダ
25 第1のリンク部材
25’第2のリンク部材
26 マット圧縮用シリンダ
27 縦方向圧縮部材
27a圧縮片
28 押さえ枠昇降用シリンダ
29 制御装置
30 固定金具
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rice husk raising seed mat automatic filling device for automatically filling a rice husk raising seed mat made of rice husk into a seedling box.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, an apparatus for producing a large amount of seedling mats using rice husks discharged in large quantities as a result of rice cultivation has been put into practical use. Using rice husk nursery mats makes it possible to effectively use the rice husks that had to be disposed of, and because they are light in weight, they are easy to handle, reduce the burden of transportation, etc., are clean, and have good water retention. There are various advantages such as fast growth of rice.
By the way, to grow seedlings with a seedling mat, a seedling mat is laid in a seedling box and sown here. It had to be filled, and this work took time and hindered the improvement of production efficiency.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a rice husk raising seed mat automatic filling device capable of reliably grasping a soft and brittle rice husk raising seed mat and automatically filling the raising seed box efficiently.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The rice husk nursery mat automatic filling device of the present invention includes a mat installation portion where a rice husk nursery mat is installed, a boxing portion where an empty seedling box is installed, and between the mat installation unit and the boxing unit. A moving frame that reciprocates and moves up and down above the mat setting unit and the boxing unit, and a plurality of pairs of gripping needles that protrude downward from the moving frame. Each pair of gripping needles can swing between a closed state in which lower portions thereof are close to each other and an open state substantially parallel to each other, and is closed when the moving frame is lowered above the mat installation portion. When the moving frame is lowered above the boxing portion, it is opened.
[0005]
In advance, the moving frame and the gripping needle attached to the moving frame are raised above the mat installation portion, and the gripping needle is left open.
When the rice husk nursery mat is installed in the mat installation part, the moving frame and the gripping needle descend, and the lower end of the gripping needle pierces the rice husk nursery mat.
Next, each pair of grasping needles closes and their lower parts contact each other to securely grasp the soft and waistless rice husk raising seedling mat.
After that, the moving frame and the grasping needle rise together with the rice husk raising seed mat on which the grasping needle is grasped, and further move above the boxing portion.
[0006]
When an empty seedling box is installed in the boxing unit, the moving frame and the gripping needle are lowered, and the rice husk breeding mat held by the gripping needle is inserted into the seedling box.
Next, the grasping needle is opened and the rice husk raising seed mat is released. Thereafter, the moving frame and the grasping needle are raised, and the grasping needle is removed from the rice husk raising seed mat.
Next, the moving frame and the gripping needle return to above the mat installation unit, and when a new rice husk raising seedling mat is installed in the mat installation unit, the above steps are repeated.
[0007]
A mat holding frame that contacts the upper surface of the rice husk raising seedling mat can be moved up and down on the moving frame, and when the moving frame rises in the boxing portion, the moving frame rises behind this, and in other states it interlocks with the moving frame. It can also be provided to move up and down.
When the gripping needle is raised, the presser frame presses the rice husk nursery mat and prevents it from lifting with the gripping needle.
A vertical compression member that can press the rice husk raising seedling mat in the vertical direction is provided at both ends in the vertical direction of the mat installation portion, and a horizontal compression that can press the rice husk raising seedling mat in the horizontal direction at both lateral ends of the moving frame. A member may be provided.
With this configuration, when the grasping needle grasps the rice husk raising seed mat, the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the rice husk raising seed mat are reduced to facilitate insertion into the raising seed box.
When the gripping needle is in the closed state, the lateral compression member compresses the rice husk nursery mat with the lower ends approaching each other, and when the gripping needle is in the open state, the lateral compression member is a pressing piece for releasing the rice husk nursery mat It may be prepared.
When the rice husk nursery mat is inserted into the nursery box, the lower part of the compressed piece is inclined to serve as a guide.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The rice husk raising seed mat automatic filling device of the present invention is installed adjacent to a mat manufacturing device (not shown) for producing rice husk raising mat A, and as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 6, a gantry 1 that supports the entire device. And a mat installation unit 2 provided at the end of the mat conveying device for carrying the rice husk nursery mat A manufactured by the mat manufacturing apparatus, and a box packing in which an empty seedling box B is installed in parallel with the mat installation unit 2 Part 3, empty box waiting part 3 provided on one side of boxing part 3, stacking part 6 provided on the other side of boxing part 3, and stepping from empty box waiting part 4 through boxing part 3 While reciprocating between the box conveying device 7 for conveying the seedling box B to the stacking unit 6 and the upper side of the mat setting unit 2 and the upper side of the boxing unit 3, it moves up and down above the mat setting unit 2 and the boxing unit 3. Moving frame 8 and a plurality of protruding downwards from moving frame 8 Comprising the grasping needle 9, and a mat pressing frame 10 which is vertically movable in the moving frame 8.
[0009]
The mat manufacturing apparatus is a conventionally known apparatus, and a crushed rice husk is appropriately mixed with a binder, a pH adjusting agent, liquid fertilizer, etc., compressed and heated to form an appropriate thickness, and further cut into an appropriate length. Thus, rice husk nursery mat A is continuously produced.
The mat conveying device is composed of an ordinary belt conveyor or the like, and is configured to intermittently convey rice husk raising seedling mats A manufactured by the mat manufacturing device in the direction of the arrow a with an interval therebetween (FIG. 1).
The mat installation unit 2 is disposed in the intermediate portion in the height direction of the gantry 1 (FIGS. 2 and 3), and a photoelectric switch for detecting that the rice husk raising seedling mat A is mounted thereon is provided. In addition, the control apparatus 29 of the rice husk raising seedling mat automatic filling apparatus is attached to the gantry 1 on the opposite side of the mat conveying apparatus across the mat installation part 2 (FIGS. 1 and 2).
[0010]
The box transport device 7 is composed of a belt conveyor or the like disposed substantially in parallel with the mat transport device, and is disposed so that the upper surface thereof is substantially the same height as the mat installation unit 2, and an intermediate portion in the transport direction on the upper surface. It is a boxing unit 3.
An empty box standby unit 4 is provided on the upstream side of the box packing unit 3 of the box transport device 7, and an empty box supply unit 5 is further provided on the upstream side thereof. Each of the boxing unit 3 and the empty box supply unit 5 is provided with a photoelectric switch that senses that an empty seedling box B is placed.
In addition, a stacking unit 6 is provided on the downstream side of the box packing unit 3 of the box conveying device 7, and a box discharge unit 11 is further provided on the downstream side thereof.
[0011]
An operator places an empty seedling box B on the empty box supply unit 5 with 10 or more openings facing up, and when the photoelectric switch detects this, the motor 12 is activated to carry the box. The apparatus 7 moves and conveys the overlapping seedling box B to the empty box standby unit 4 as it is. Then, the overlapping seedling box B is lifted slightly upward at that position, and only one seedling box B is transferred to the boxing unit 3 by the box transfer device 7, and when the seedling box B reaches the boxing unit 3, the box transfer device 7 stops.
Further, as will be described later, when the empty seedling box B is filled with the rice husk nursery mat A, the box conveying device 7 is actuated again to convey the filled seedling box B to the stacking unit 6, and Separate from the transfer device 7 slightly upward and stack.
When the stacking operation is repeated and the seedling boxes B are stacked about 15 to 20 levels, the seedling boxes B are returned to the box transport device 7 and transferred to the next packing device via the box discharge unit 11. The number of seedling boxes B stacked on the stacking unit 6 can be changed as appropriate according to the setting.
[0012]
At the upper end of the gantry 1, a moving frame lifting / lowering cylinder 18 is fixed to an end portion on the mat setting portion 2 side and an end portion on the boxing portion 3 side, respectively, so that the moving frame lifting / lowering cylinder 18 can move forward and backward downward. A guide rail 13 is installed between the tips of the protruding rods (FIG. 4).
The guide rail 13 is disposed so as to intersect with the mat conveyance device and the box conveyance device 7 (FIG. 1), and a slider 14 slidably engaged with the guide rail 13 and the moving frame 8 The mounting bracket 15 fixed to the four corners is coupled (FIG. 4).
When the rod of the moving frame raising / lowering cylinder 18 is advanced and retracted, the moving frame 8 suspended from the guide rail 13 is raised and lowered at a position higher than the mat installation part 2 and the boxing part 3.
[0013]
The moving frame 8 has a rectangular shape that is slightly larger than the planar shape of the rice husk raising seedling mat A, and the upper end of the moving frame 8 spans the strip 16 along the lateral direction (direction intersecting the guide rail 13). An external mover 13 ′ of a magnet type rodless cylinder is pin-joined at an intermediate portion of 16, and one end of a cable bear 17 is attached thereto.
Further, the other end of the cable bear 17 is fixed to the upper end portion of the gantry 1, and when the external slider 13 ′ of the magnet type rodless cylinder is moved, the moving frame 8 moves along the guide rail 13 along the mat installation portion. 2 and the packing portion 3 are reciprocated (FIG. 3).
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 5, a set of two needle mounting shafts 19 along the vertical direction (direction parallel to the guide rail 13) are provided at the lateral side portions and the intermediate portion of the moving frame 8 with a slight gap therebetween. Are arranged in parallel with each other and rotatable.
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the gripping needle 9 is fixed to the opposing position of each pair of needle mounting shafts 19 by a fixing bracket 30 with the tip thereof facing down. In the example shown in the figure, five pairs of gripping needles 9 are attached to each pair of needle mounting shafts 19, and a total of 15 pairs of gripping needles 9 are installed in the moving frame 8.
Further, the lower end of the swing arm 21 is fixed to both ends of each needle mounting shaft 19.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 8, the first needle opening / closing cylinder 24 and the second needle opening / closing cylinder 24 ′ are mounted on the left and right sides of the middle portion of the moving frame 8 so as to face each other.
A rod that protrudes forward / backward from the first needle opening / closing cylinder 24 is fixed to an intermediate portion of the first link connecting shaft 23 and protrudes forward / backward from the second needle opening / closing cylinder 24 ′. Is fixed to the intermediate portion of the second link connecting shaft 23 '.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the first link member 25 is fixed to both ends of the first link connecting shaft 23 arranged on the left side of the moving frame 8, and the first link member 25 The upper end of the swing arm 21 extending upward from the left needle mounting shaft 19 is pivotally attached to both end portions and the intermediate portion.
Furthermore, the second link member 25 ′ is fixed to both ends of the second link connecting shaft 23 ′ arranged on the right side of the moving frame 8, and the both end portions and the intermediate portion of the second link member 25 ′ are fixed to each other. The upper end of the swing arm 21 extending upward from the right needle mounting shaft 19 is pivotally attached.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 7, lateral compression members 20 that press the rice husk raising seedling mat A in the lateral direction are respectively provided on the outer surfaces of the needle mounting shafts 19 disposed closest to the lateral end of the moving frame 8. The needle mounting shaft 19 is fixed so as to swing as the needle mounting shaft 19 rotates.
The lateral compression member 20 is formed in an inverted L-shaped cross section by bending the pressing piece 20b downward from the tip of the overhanging portion 20a, and the pressing piece 20b is parallel to the grip needle 9 at substantially the same height. It is so attached.
When the pressing pieces 20b of the lateral compression members 20 on both sides are parallel to each other, the distance between them is set slightly smaller than the lateral width of the inner surface of the seedling box B, and the length of the lateral compression members 20 is the seedling raising It is formed smaller than the length of the inner surface of the box B.
[0018]
In a state where the rods of the first needle opening / closing cylinder 24 and the second needle opening / closing cylinder 24 'are extended, the first link connecting shaft 23 and the second link connecting shaft 23' arranged on the left and right, and The fixed first link member 25 and second link member 25 ′ are arranged at slightly close positions.
The swing arm 21 pivotally attached to the first link member 25 and the swing arm 21 pivotally attached to the second link member 25 ′ are almost upright, and each pair of gripping needles 9 are parallel to each other. Opened. At this time, the pressing pieces 20b of the lateral compression member 20 are also parallel to each other.
[0019]
Further, when the rods of the first needle opening / closing cylinder 24 and the second needle opening / closing cylinder 24 'are retracted, the first link connecting shaft 23 and the second link connecting shaft 23' arranged on the left and right, The first link member 25 and the second link member 25 ′ fixed to each other are separated from each other.
The swing arm 21 pivotally attached to the first link member 25 and the swing arm 21 pivotally attached to the second link member 25 ′ rotate in a direction in which the upper ends thereof are separated from each other. The left and right needle mounting shafts 19 fixed to the lower end of 21 rotate reversely to each other, and each pair of gripping needles 9 is in a closed state in which lower portions thereof are close to each other. When the gripping needle 9 is in the closed state, it is desirable that the lower end of the gripping needle 9 abuts or intersects near the lower part. At this time, the lower ends of the pressing pieces 20b of the lateral compression member 20 also approach each other.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 6, the mat compression cylinders 26 are horizontally installed at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the mat installation portion 2 with the rods facing inward, and the rice husk raising seedling mat A is vertically installed at the ends of the rods. The longitudinal compression members 27 that press in the direction are fixed.
The longitudinal compression member 27 has an inverted L-shaped cross section provided with a compression piece 27 a bent downward at the inner tip thereof, so that the lower end of the compression piece 27 a is slightly lower than the lower end of the gripping needle 9. Arranged. The width of the longitudinal compression member 27 is slightly smaller than the width of the inner surface of the seedling box B.
When the rods of the mat compression cylinder 26 are retracted, the longitudinal compression members 27 on both sides are separated from each other. When the rods of the mat compression cylinder 26 are extended, the longitudinal compression members 27 are mutually connected. It comes to approach.
[0021]
6 and 7, near the four corners of the moving frame 8, cylinders 28 for raising and lowering the holding frame are attached with the rod facing downward, and the four corners of the mat holding frame 10 are respectively attached to the tips of the rods. It is fixed.
The planar shape of the mat holding frame 10 is slightly smaller than the plane of the rice husk raising seedling mat A, and in a normal state where the rod of the holding frame raising / lowering cylinder 28 is retracted, the needle is higher than the tip of the gripping needle 9. It is pulled up to the vicinity of the mounting shaft 19.
When the rod of the presser frame lifting / lowering cylinder 28 is extended, the mat presser frame 10 is lowered to a position lower than the tip of the gripping needle 9.
[0022]
This rice husk raising seed mat automatic filling device fills the rice husk raising seed mat A into the raising seed box B as follows.
In advance, the moving frame 8 is disposed above the mat installation portion 2 and the rod of the moving frame lifting / lowering cylinder 18 is retracted to raise the guide rail 13 and the moving frame 8 suspended by the rod. Further, the holding needle 9 provided on the moving frame 8 is opened, the mat holding frame 10 is raised, and the pair of lateral compression members 20 and the pair of longitudinal compression members 27 are separated from each other. deep.
Furthermore, the empty seedling boxes B stacked and placed on the empty box supply unit 5 are transferred to the empty box standby unit 4 by the box transfer device 7.
[0023]
The rice husk raising seedling mat A manufactured by the mat manufacturing apparatus is conveyed to the rice husk raising seedling mat automatic filling apparatus at a slight interval by the mat conveying apparatus, and one piece of rice husk raising seedling mat A is set in the mat setting section 2.
When the photoelectric switch provided in the mat setting unit 2 senses the rice husk raising seed mat A, the rods of the mat compression cylinders 26 extend, the vertical compression members 27 on both sides approach each other, and between the compression pieces 27a. The rice husk raising seedling mat A sandwiched is compressed in the vertical direction.
[0024]
Next, the rod of the moving frame raising / lowering cylinder 18 is extended, and the moving frame 8 and the gripping needle 9 mounted thereon are lowered. As a result, the tip of the gripping needle 9 protruding downward from the moving frame 8 pierces the rice husk raising seedling mat A.
Next, the rods of the first needle opening / closing cylinder 24 and the second needle opening / closing cylinder 24 ′ are retracted to incline the swing arm 21, thereby bringing the lower ends of the pressing pieces 20b of the lateral compression member 20 closer to each other. Then, the rice husk raising seedling mat A sandwiched between them is compressed in the lateral direction, and each pair of holding needles 9 is closed to securely hold the rice husk raising seedling mat A.
[0025]
Further, the rod of the moving frame raising / lowering cylinder 18 is retracted, and the moving frame 8, the gripping needle 9 and the mat holding frame 10 are raised together with the rice husk raising seedling mat A gripped by the gripping needle 9.
Thereafter, the external slider 13 ′ of the magnet type rodless cylinder is moved, and the moving frame 8 is moved along the guide rail 13 to above the boxing portion 3.
At the same time, the box transport device 7 is operated, and one of the empty seedling boxes B waiting in the empty box standby unit 4 is transferred to the boxing unit 3, and this seedling box B is transferred to the boxing unit 3. When it arrives, the box conveying device 7 is stopped, and an empty seedling box B is installed in the boxing unit 3 with the opening part facing up.
When it is detected that the seedling box B is installed in the boxing unit 3, the rod of the moving frame lifting / lowering cylinder 18 is extended, and the moving frame 8, the gripping needle 9, the mat pressing frame 10 and the rice husk raising seedling mat A are lowered.
[0026]
Then, the rice husk raising seedling mat A held by the holding needle 9 is inserted into the raising seedling box B installed in the boxing portion 3 together with the lower part of the pressing piece 20b of the lateral compression member 20.
At this time, the rice husk raising seedling mat A is compressed in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction by the vertical compression member 27 and the horizontal compression member 20 to reduce the size, and the pressing piece 20b of the horizontal compression member 20 is inclined. Since it becomes a guide, it can be easily inserted into the nursery box B.
Next, the rods of the first needle opening / closing cylinder 24 and the second needle opening / closing cylinder 24 'are extended to erect the swing arm 21, whereby the pressing pieces 20b of the lateral compression members 20 on both sides and the respective pairs The holding needles 9 are opened in parallel to each other, and the lateral compression on the rice husk raising mat A is released.
[0027]
Next, the rod of the moving frame raising / lowering cylinder 18 is retracted to raise the moving frame 8, the gripping needle 9 and the lateral compression member mounted thereon, and the gripping needle 9 is extracted from the rice husk raising seedling mat A.
At this time, the rod of the presser frame raising / lowering cylinder 28 is extended at the same speed as the moving frame 8 is lifted, and the mat presser frame 10 is lowered relative to the moving frame 8. As a result, even if the moving frame 8 rises, the presser frame 10 remains at its height, and the rice husk raising seedling mat A is pressed by the mat pressing frame 10 to prevent the rice husk raising seedling mat A from being lifted together with the gripping needle 9.
When the gripping needle 9 is completely removed from the rice husk raising seedling mat A, the rod of the frame elevating cylinder 28 is retracted, and the mat holding frame 10 is raised behind the moving frame 8.
[0028]
The seedling box B filled with the rice husk seedling mat A is transported to the stacking unit 6 by the box transporting device 7 and stacked until the set number of stages is reached. When the stacked seedling boxes B reach the set number, they are returned to the box transport device 7, transported to the box discharge unit 11, and further transported to the next packing device.
Further, the moving frame 8 raised above the boxing unit 3 is transferred to the upper side of the mat setting unit 2 by a magnet type rodless cylinder, and the new rice husk raising seedling mat A is carried into the mat setting unit 2 as described above. repeat.
The number of gripping needles 9 can be increased or decreased according to the size of the rice husk raising seedling mat A, and the mechanism for reciprocating the moving frame 8 is other than the above-described magnet type rodless cylinder, for example, a motor drive or the like. Also good.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the filling of the rice husk nursery mat, which has been performed manually by hand, into the nursery box can be automatically and efficiently performed, so that productivity is greatly increased.
In addition, since the lower end of the grasping needle comes into contact with the rice husk raising seed mat, the rice husk raising seed mat can be securely grasped even if it is soft and has no waist. There is no worry about the mat falling.
[0030]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the gripping needle is raised, the presser frame does not rise together with the moving frame and presses the rice husk nursery mat so that the rice husk nursery mat is lifted together with the gripping needle and escapes from the nursery box. Can be prevented.
According to the invention of claim 3, when the gripping needle grips the rice husk raising mat, the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the rice husk raising mat can be reduced. Easy to insert into a nursery box.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the moving frame is lowered above the boxing portion, the compression piece of the lateral compression member is inclined to serve as a guide, so that the rice husk raising seed mat is easily inserted into the raising seed box. be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a rice husk raising seed mat automatic filling device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the same. FIG. 3 is a side view of the same. FIG. 6 is a side view of the main part of the moving frame. FIG. 7 is a front view of the main part of the moving frame. FIG. 8 is a front view of the gripping needle swinging mechanism.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stand 2 Mat installation part 3 Box packing part 4 Empty box standby part 5 Empty box supply part 6 Stacking part 7 Box conveyance apparatus 8 Moving frame 9 Grasp needle 10 Mat press frame 11 Box discharge part 12 Motor 13 Guide rail 13 'Magnet type Rodless cylinder external slider 14 Slider 15 Mounting bracket 16 Strip 17 Cable carrier 18 Moving frame lifting cylinder 19 Needle mounting shaft 20 Lateral compression member 20a Overhanging piece 20b Pressing piece 21 Swing arm 23 First link connection Shaft 23 ′ second link connecting shaft 24 first needle opening / closing cylinder 24 ′ second needle opening / closing cylinder 25 first link member 25 ′ second link member 26 mat compression cylinder 27 longitudinal compression member 27a compression piece 28 Cylinder for Elevating Holding Frame 29 Control Device 30 Fixing Bracket

Claims (4)

籾殻育苗マットが設置されるマット設置部と、空の育苗箱が設置される箱詰め部と、前記マット設置部の上方と箱詰め部の上方との間を往復動すると共に、前記マット設置部及び箱詰め部の上方において昇降する移動枠と、該移動枠から下方に向けて突出された複数対の把持針とを備え、前記各対の把持針は、その下部が互いに近接した閉じ状態と、ほぼ平行な開状態との間を揺動可能であって、前記マット設置部において前記移動枠が下降した時に閉じ状態になると共に、前記箱詰め部において前記移動枠が下降した時に開状態になることを特徴とした籾殻育苗マット自動充填装置。A mat installation unit in which rice husk seedling mats are installed, a boxing unit in which empty nursery boxes are installed, and a reciprocating motion between the mat installation unit and the boxing unit, and the mat installation unit and the box packing And a plurality of pairs of gripping needles protruding downward from the moving frame, and each pair of gripping needles is substantially parallel to a closed state in which lower portions thereof are close to each other. Between the open state and the closed state when the moving frame is lowered in the mat installation portion, and the open state when the moving frame is lowered in the boxing portion. Rice husk nursery mat automatic filling device. 前記移動枠に前記籾殻育苗マットの上面に当接するマット押さえ枠を上下動可能に設け、該マット押さえ枠は、前記箱詰め部において前記移動枠が上昇した時、これに遅れて上昇すると共に、他の状態では前記移動枠に連動して昇降する請求項1に記載の籾殻育苗マット自動充填装置。The moving frame is provided with a mat pressing frame that comes into contact with the upper surface of the rice husk raising seed mat so as to be movable up and down, and the mat pressing frame rises later when the moving frame rises in the boxing portion. The rice husk raising seed mat automatic filling device according to claim 1, wherein the rice husk raising seed mat moves up and down in conjunction with the moving frame in the state. 前記マット設置部の縦方向両端部に、前記籾殻育苗マットを縦方向に押圧可能な縦方向圧縮部材を設けると共に、前記移動枠の横方向両端部に、前記籾殻育苗マットを横方向に押圧可能な横方向圧縮部材を設けた請求項1又は2に記載の籾殻育苗マット自動充填装置。A vertical compression member capable of pressing the rice husk raising seedling mat in the vertical direction is provided at both longitudinal ends of the mat installation portion, and the rice husk raising seedling mat can be pressed in the horizontal direction at both lateral ends of the moving frame. The rice husk raising seed mat automatic filling device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a lateral compression member. 前記横方向圧縮部材は、前記把持針が閉状態にあるとき、下端が互いに接近して前記籾殻育苗マットを圧縮し、前記把持針が開状態にあるとき、互いに平行で前記籾殻育苗マットを解放する押圧片を備えた請求項3に記載の籾殻育苗マット自動充填装置。When the gripping needle is in a closed state, the lateral compression member compresses the rice husk nursery mat with lower ends approaching each other, and releases the rice husk nursery mat in parallel with each other when the gripping needle is in an open state. The rice husk raising seedling mat automatic filling device according to claim 3, further comprising a pressing piece.
JP2001082256A 2001-03-22 2001-03-22 Rice husk nursery mat automatic filling device Expired - Fee Related JP4637385B2 (en)

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JPH07106103B2 (en) * 1987-04-30 1995-11-15 井関農機株式会社 Seedling box transshipment equipment
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JPH0731291A (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-02-03 Kubota Corp Seedling mat automatic feeder
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