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JP4665272B2 - Surface-treated steel sheet with excellent workability and weather resistance - Google Patents
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JP4665272B2 - Surface-treated steel sheet with excellent workability and weather resistance - Google Patents

Surface-treated steel sheet with excellent workability and weather resistance Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4665272B2
JP4665272B2 JP30632299A JP30632299A JP4665272B2 JP 4665272 B2 JP4665272 B2 JP 4665272B2 JP 30632299 A JP30632299 A JP 30632299A JP 30632299 A JP30632299 A JP 30632299A JP 4665272 B2 JP4665272 B2 JP 4665272B2
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resin
rust
steel
coating
steel sheet
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JP2001123121A (en
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之郎 釣
千昭 加藤
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、主に屋外使途の建築物構成鋼材に好ましく適用される、加工性および耐候性に優れる表面処理鋼板に関する。
本発明において、加工性とは加工後の塗膜の密着性(二次密着性)を意味する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
鋼にCu、P、Cr等を少量添加してなる耐候性鋼からなる鋼材は、飛来塩分粒子量の少ない屋外環境で裸使用すると、鋼材表面に大気腐食に対して安定な緻密な錆層(安定錆という)が形成され、この錆層が長期に亘って鋼材の腐食速度を抑制し続けるという特徴を有することから、橋梁や鉄塔などに幅広く利用され、その長寿命化に寄与してきた。
【0003】
しかしながら、従来の耐候性鋼では、上記安定錆が形成されるまでに5〜10年かかり、その間発生する流れ錆により鋼材表面およびその周囲の景観が著しく損なわれる。そのため、耐候性鋼の表面に早期に安定錆を形成し、かつ、安定錆形成途上での流れ錆発生を抑制する技術的手段が望まれてきた。
かかる手段として、特公昭58−39915 号公報、特開平6−226198号公報に記載の発明が知られている。
【0004】
特公昭58−39915 号公報記載の発明は、耐候性鋼に1mg/cm2以下のFe、Zn、Mn系リン酸塩被膜を付着せしめ、さらにその上にFe2O3 +Fe3O4 3〜20%、リン酸0.1 〜3%、Fe,Zn,Mn系リン酸塩の1種以上0.1 〜10%、Ni,Cu系無機化合物の1種以上0.1 〜5%、クロム酸,クロム酸亜鉛,クロム酸鉛の1種以上0.5 〜10%を含有するブチラール樹脂を5〜100 μm積層するものである。特開平6−226198号公報記載の発明は、鋼材表面に直にあるいは錆層を介して、硫酸クロム,硫酸銅の少なくともいずれかを1〜65重量%含有する樹脂塗料を被覆するものである。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記特公昭58−39915 号公報、特開平6−226198号公報に記載された発明のいずれも耐候性鋼の安定錆形成途上での流れ錆発生防止にそれ相応の効果を奏するのであるが、特公昭58−39915 号公報記載の発明では、塗膜中のクロム系化合物が雨水に濡れることによって溶出し、周囲の環境を汚染する問題がある。また、特開平6−226198号公報記載の発明では、橋梁や鉄塔に使用される厚板を適用対象としており、加工後の塗膜密着性については全く考慮されていないため、塗装後の加工性に劣り、曲げ加工部の多い建材への適用は困難である。
【0006】
かかる従来技術の問題に鑑み、本発明は、田園地帯では勿論のこと海岸地帯でも安定錆を早期に形成し、該形成の途上で流れ錆の発生や環境汚染物質の溶出がなく、加工後の塗膜密着性も良好な、加工性および耐候性に優れる表面処理鋼板を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記課題を達成すべく鋭意研究した結果、特定の樹脂組成物を含有する塗料を鋼板表面に適用することにより、加工性に優れ、腐食環境の厳しい海岸地帯においても流れ錆の発生を防止し、早期に安定錆を形成する耐候性に優れる表面処理鋼板が得られることを見いだし、本発明をなすに至った。
【0008】
すなわち本発明は、鋼板表面に付着量0.3 〜2mg/m2 のリン酸鉄被膜を有し、その上層としてMo系、W系、V系の少なくともいずれかの無機化合物のうち1種または2種以上を樹脂固形分に対し5〜20wt%含し、かつNi系無機化合物を樹脂固形分に対し5〜20wt%、Cu系無機化合物を樹脂固形分に対し5〜20wt%、リン酸系無機化合物を樹脂固形分に対し1〜20wt%、難溶性の硫酸塩を樹脂固形分に対し10〜50wt%のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有する膜厚10〜50μmのブチラール樹脂塗膜を有してなり、前記Mo系、W系、V系の無機化合物のうち1種または2種以上が、P、Mo、V、Si、Wの2種以上を含むヘテロポリ酸あるいはその塩類からなることを特徴とする加工性および耐候性に優れる表面処理鋼板である。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明では、鋼板表面にリン酸鉄被膜を有する必要がある。リン酸鉄被膜は、化成処理の1種であるリン酸鉄処理によって形成され、緻密で密着性に優れているため、その上層のブチラール樹脂塗膜の初期密着性や加工後の密着性が著しく向上する。なお、リン酸鉄被膜の付着量は、0.3 mg/m2 未満では密着性向上効果が小さく、2mg/m2 超ではリン酸鉄被膜内部で層間剥離を惹起する可能性があるため、0.3 〜2mg/m2 が好ましい。
【0011】
リン酸鉄被膜の上層としての塗膜はブチラール樹脂塗膜に限られる。すなわち塗膜形成に用いる塗料のベース樹脂はブチラール樹脂でなければならない。一般に、鋼材に適用する塗料のベース樹脂としては、エポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂があるが、これらは、吸水率が数%と低いため塗膜下に安定錆を形成するために必要な水を短期間で供給することができない。親水性が高く、吸水率の高い(数十%)ブチラール樹脂を採用して初めて塗膜下に安定錆を形成するために必要な水を短期間で供給することができる。
【0012】
なお、本発明でいうブチラール樹脂は、ブチラール基、アセチル基、水酸基からなる化学構造的特徴をもつ基本型だけでなく、基本型をイソシアネート系硬化剤で反応・架橋させたもの、基本型をフェノール系樹脂と混合して水酸基濃度を低下させたものなどの変成型も包含する。変成型は、極高湿度・厳酷腐食環境下での使途で系全体の吸水率を適当な値に低減させたい場合に好適である。
【0013】
ブチラール樹脂塗膜の膜厚は、10μm未満では流れ錆が発生し、50μm超では安定錆形成に必要な水や酸素の供給不足をきたして安定錆の形成が遅くなるため、10〜50μmに限られる。
さらに、ブチラール樹脂塗膜は、錆安定化のために、Mo系、W系、V系の少なくともいずれかの無機化合物(Mo、W、Vの1種または2種以上を化学式に含む無機化合物)のうち1種または2種以上を樹脂固形分に対し1wt%以上含有する必要がある。なお、以下では適宜Mo系、W系、V系の無機化合物を第1の成分と総称する。
【0014】
Mo系、W系、V系の無機化合物は、これらを含有するブチラール樹脂塗膜が降雨や結露によって濡れてブチラール樹脂が吸水すると、ブチラール樹脂中で電離し、それぞれMo系、W系、V系のイオンが生成する。これらのイオンは鋼材と表面処理層(リン酸鉄被膜層+塗膜層)の界面に到達し、該界面における腐食反応で生成したFe2+をFe3+に酸化する。
【0015】
一般に、Fe2+は鋼材の耐候性・耐食性を低下させる有害な錆をなすFe3O4 の形成に必要であり、一方、Fe3+は鋼材の耐候性・耐食性を向上させる安定錆をなすα−FeOOH の形成に必要である。よって、安定錆の早期形成を図るには、腐食反応によって生成したFe2+を可及的速やかにFe3+に酸化することが重要であるところ、Mo系、W系、V系のイオンはいずれもこの酸化反応を促進する。また、これらのイオンは、生成した錆層にカチオン選択性を付与するので、錆安定化に有害な塩素イオンに対するバリアー性を高めるのにも有効である。
【0016】
上記の効果が発現するには、第1の成分がブチラール樹脂塗膜中に樹脂固形分に対し1wt%以上含有される必要がある。なお、以下では、樹脂塗料中の樹脂以外の成分の樹脂固形分に対する重量百分率を対樹脂量と称する。第1の成分の対樹脂量は、前記の通り1wt%以上を必要とするが、5wt%未満ではその効果は比較的小さく、また20wt%超では効果が飽和するばかりかコスト高となるので、5〜20wt%が好ましい。Mo系、W系、V系の無機化合物としては、具体的には、例えばH2MoO4、NaMoO4、 K2WO4、Na2WO4、 CuWO4、 CaWO4、 NiWO4、V2O5、 K3VO4、 K4V2O7 、KVO3、NaVO4 、NaVO3 等があり、これらはいずれも単独であるいは複合して用いることができる。
【0017】
また、本発明では、ブチラール樹脂中に含有された第1の成分の1種または2種以上が、P、Mo、V、Si、Wの2種以上を含むヘテロポリ酸あるいはその塩類からなることが好ましい。というのは、該ヘテロポリ酸あるいはその塩類はこれを含有する樹脂の吸水により電離し、樹脂中で生成したヘテロポリ酸イオンが前記界面に到達して、該界面における腐食反応で生成したFe2+のFe3+に酸化するのを促進するが、その促進作用は、これ以外のMo系、W系、V系のイオンよりも強いからである。
【0018】
Mo系、W系、V系の無機化合物のうちP、Mo、V、Si、Wの2種以上を含むヘテロポリ酸あるいはその塩類の具体例としては、リンタングステン酸(H3(PW12O40) ・nH2O )、珪タングステン酸(H4(SiW12O40)・nH2O )、リンモリブデン酸(H3(PMo12O40)・nH2O )、リンモリブデン酸ナトリウム(Na3(PMo12O40) ・nH2O )、リンタングストモリブデン酸(H3(PW12-x Mox O40)・nH2O ,0<x<12)、リンバナドモリブデン酸(H15-x (PV12-x Mox O40)・nH2O ,6<x<12)、珪モリブデン酸(H4(SiMo12O40) ・nH2O )等があり、これらはいずれも単独であるいは複合して用いることができる。
【0019】
本発明ではさらに、ブチラール樹脂が、Ni系またはCu系の無機化合物、リン酸系無機化合物、硫酸塩のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有することが、錆をさらに安定化させる上で好ましい。なお、以下では適宜Ni系またはCu系の無機化合物、リン酸系無機化合物、硫酸塩を第2の成分と総称する。
Ni系無機化合物は、生成する錆を緻密化し錆層のバリアー性を高め、鋼材の耐候性および耐食性を高める効果を有し、とくに、飛来塩分粒子量の多い海岸地帯で緻密な錆を形成するのに有効である。この効果は、対樹脂量が5wt%未満では小さく20wt%超では飽和するので、Ni系無機化合物の対樹脂量は5〜20wt%が好ましい。Ni系無機化合物の具体例としては、NiSO4 、NiCO3 、Ni3(PO4)2 等があり、これらはいずれも単独であるいは複合して用いることができる。
【0020】
Cu系無機化合物は、生成する錆を緻密化し錆層のバリアー性を高める効果を有し、鋼材の耐候性および耐食性を高めるのに有効である。この効果は、対樹脂量が5wt%未満では小さく20wt%超では飽和するので、Cu系無機化合物の対樹脂量は5〜20wt%が好ましい。Cu系無機化合物の具体例としては、Cu3(PO4)2 、CuO 等があり、これらはいずれも単独であるいは複合して用いることができる。
【0021】
リン酸系無機化合物は、樹脂の吸水によって電離したリン酸イオンがCu2+、Fe2+などの金属イオンと結合して複雑で化学的に安定なリン酸塩被膜を形成するため、生成した安定錆層を保護するのに有効である。この効果は、対樹脂量が1wt%未満では小さく20wt%超では飽和するので、リン酸系無機化合物の対樹脂量は1〜20wt%が好ましい。リン酸系無機化合物の具体例としては、H3PO4 、 AlPO4、Zn3(PO4)2 、Al(PO3)3等があり、これらはいずれも単独であるいは複合して用いることができる。
【0022】
難溶性の硫酸塩は、樹脂の吸水によって電離した硫酸イオンが鋼材と表面処理層との界面における鉄の腐食反応を加速するため、安定錆の形成を加速するのに有効である。この効果は、対樹脂量が10wt%未満では小さく50wt%超では飽和するので、難溶性の硫酸塩の対樹脂量は10〜50wt%が好ましい。難溶性の硫酸塩のの具体例としては、SrSO4 、BaSO4 、CaSO4 等があり、これらはいずれも単独であるいは複合して用いることができる。
【0023】
なお、第2の成分に属する化合物はいずれも、ブチラール樹脂中にそれぞれ単独または互いに複合して含有されても上記効果に乏しく、第1の成分に属する化合物の少なくとも1種と共に含有される場合にのみ上記効果が顕現する。
また、例えばリン酸銅等のように1つの化合物がNi系またはCu系の無機化合物(第1群)、リン酸系無機化合物(第2群)、硫酸塩(第3群)のうち2つ以上の群に属していてもよく、その場合、その化合物の対樹脂量は、群毎に、対樹脂量が前記好適範囲に入っているか否かを判定するために異種化合物の対樹脂量を合計する際に、その属する複数の群で重複して使用される。
【0024】
ところで、本発明の主眼は、ブチラール樹脂塗膜下のリン酸鉄被膜により塗膜密着性を向上させるとともに、前記化合物を含有するブチラール樹脂塗膜により安定錆の早期形成と流れ錆防止を達成したことにあるので、リン酸鉄被膜およびブチラール樹脂塗膜の前記作用効果が損なわれない限り、必要に応じてこれら以外の化合物(以下適宜第3の成分と称する)、例えば周囲の環境との調和を図るための酸化鉄やカーボンブラック等の着色顔料、あるいは紫外線吸収剤や沈降防止剤等を塗膜に含ませてもかまわない。しかし、第1〜第3の成分全部の対樹脂量は、これが150 wt%を超えると樹脂中で第1〜第3の成分同士が直接接触するようになり、塗膜の表面から鋼面に至る貫通孔が形成されやすくなって流れ錆の防止が困難となるので、150 wt%以下とするのが好ましい。
【0025】
また、本発明では表面処理層の下地とする鋼板の鋼種は特に限定されない。本発明では、鋼種が例えば普通鋼であっても塗膜中の第1の成分が表面処理層下に生じた錆層に作用してこれを安定錆に変態させる。とはいえ、本発明を飛来塩分粒子量が多く腐食環境の厳しい海岸地帯で屋外使用される鋼材に振り向ける場合には、鋼種が普通鋼であると、安定錆が形成し終えるまでの期間が長くなるので、鋼種には耐候性鋼やNi添加鋼などを用いるのが好ましい。
【0026】
かくして、本発明要旨1を満たす表面処理鋼板からなる屋外使途の建築物構成鋼材では、表面処理層下に早期に安定錆が形成し、該形成期間中の流れ錆が著しく低減し、初期段階からの腐食速度の抑制、すなわち鋼材の長寿命化が可能となり、しかも、その表面処理層は加工性に優れたものである。また、表面処理層にCr等の環境汚染源を含まないから、環境汚染の懸念はない。また、本発明要旨2〜3を満たす表面処理鋼板からなる屋外使途の建築物構成鋼材では、安定錆の形成がさらに早まる。
【0027】
次に、本発明の表面処理鋼板の製造方法について説明する。
一般に、鋼材表面に化成処理や塗装を行う場合には、まず下地処理により油、汚れ、スケール等を除去し、鋼材表面を清浄に保つことが重要であり、この点は本発明においても然りである。本発明では、鋼板(なかでもとくに薄鋼板)に表面処理を施すことから、コイルコーティングをする前提に立てば、下地処理法はアルカリ脱脂が好ましい。なお、鋼板の鋼種は前述した点を考慮して製品用途に応じて選定すればよい。
【0028】
下地処理後の鋼板にはリン酸鉄処理が施される。リン酸鉄処理は常法によればよいが、リン酸鉄被膜の付着量は前述の好適範囲0.3 〜2mg/m2 を操業目標とするのが好ましい。
リン酸鉄処理後の鋼板には塗装が施される。塗装は常法によればよいが、用いる塗料は無論第1あるいはさらに第2の成分を含有するブチラール樹脂塗料である。ブチラール樹脂塗料への第1〜第2の成分の添加量は、前記した対樹脂量の好適範囲を踏まえて適宜設定すればよい。塗布量は、塗膜厚(乾燥膜厚)が管理目標範囲に収まるように設定する。
【0029】
なお、ブチラール樹脂塗膜は、屋外で長期間暴露されると光劣化によって徐々に膜厚が減少するが、該塗膜の耐用期間は安定錆形成所要期間より短くなければ十分であり、また、本発明の表面処理鋼板では安定錆形成所要期間が高々1年弱と短いので、その間の膜厚減少分は無視できる程度に小さい。そのため、塗膜厚の管理目標範囲として本発明要旨の膜厚限定範囲10〜50μmをそのまま採用することができる。
【0030】
塗装後の鋼板には乾燥(塗膜焼き付け)が施される。乾燥は、鋼板到達板温が100 〜180 ℃の範囲になるように行うのが、熱劣化を起こさずに溶媒を充分に蒸発させる観点から好ましい。
【0031】
【実施例】
表1に示す化学組成になる鋼材から150 ×150 ×0.7 (mm)の短冊状鋼板を切り出し、アルカリ脱脂後、あるいはさらにリン酸鉄処理(リン酸鉄被膜付着量1mg/m2 )を施した後、表2に示す組成に作製済の塗料を、バーコーターを用いて乾燥膜厚が所定の値になるように片面塗装し、鋼板到達板温140 ℃の条件で焼き付け、しかる後に、塗膜密着性評価試験と暴露試験を行った。
【0032】
【表1】

Figure 0004665272
【0033】
【表2】
Figure 0004665272
【0034】
塗膜密着性評価試験では、初期密着性と加工後の二次密着性を調査した。初期密着性は、塗装面に1mm角の碁盤目状の鋼面に達する切り込みをカッターで入れた後にセロテープ剥離を行い、塗膜の残存面積率で評価した。二次密着性は、前記同様の切り込みを入れた鋼板に直径1/2 インチのポンチを用いて500gの錘を50cmの高さ位置から落下させて非塗装面から衝撃を加えるデュポン試験を行った後セロテープ剥離を行い、塗膜の残存面積率で評価するとともに、前記切り込みを入れない鋼板に塗装面を外側にした3T曲げ試験を行い、曲げ加工部の塗膜の剥離や割れの有無を目視で評価した。
【0035】
暴露試験では、海岸から10mほど離れた場所(海岸地帯)と海岸から13km離れた場所(田園地帯)で、鋼板をその塗装面が上向きでかつ地面に対して30度傾斜した姿勢にして1年間保持した。この保持期間中、流れ錆の有無を経時的に目視で評価した。また、1ヵ月毎に鋼板のサンプルを回収し、その断面を偏光顕微鏡で観察し、消光層として観察される安定錆が鋼板と錆層の界面を8割以上被覆するのに要した暴露期間を求めた。
【0036】
塗膜密着性評価試験と暴露試験の結果を、採用した表面処理条件、すなわち鋼材の種類、化成処理(リン酸鉄処理)の有無、塗料の種類、塗膜厚(乾燥膜厚)の組合せと対応させて表3に示す。表3において、曲げ試験欄の○は剥離も割れも無、×は剥離と割れの一方または両方が有を意味し、また、流れ錆欄の○は流れ錆発生無、×は流れ錆発生有を意味する。なお、暴露中、塗膜厚はほぼ一定であった。
【0037】
【表3】
Figure 0004665272
【0038】
【表4】
Figure 0004665272
【0039】
本発明要旨を満たす鋼板(実施例1〜)は、初期および加工後の塗膜密着性に優れ、海岸地帯において流れ錆の発生はなく、安定錆形成期間も月と短かった
【0040】
一方、塗膜中に第1の成分を欠いた鋼板(比較例1〜6)や塗膜厚が不足した鋼板(比較例7、8)は、1年経っても安定錆を形成できずその間流れ錆が発生した。また、塗膜厚が過剰であった鋼板(比較例9、10)は、流れ錆の発生はなかったものの1年経っても安定錆を形成できなかった。また、鋼板と塗膜間にリン酸鉄被膜を欠いた鋼板(比較例11、12)は、流れ錆抑制と安定錆早期形成の面では実施例に比肩したが、初期および加工後の塗膜密着性が著しく劣った。
【0041】
【発明の効果】
本発明の表面処理鋼板は、田園地帯では勿論のこと海岸地帯でも安定錆を早期に形成し、該形成の途上で流れ錆の発生や環境汚染物質の溶出がなく、しかも加工後の塗膜密着性に優れたものであり、これを曲げ加工を要する屋外使途の建築物構成鋼材に適用することで、環境浄化、景観美化、建築物長寿命化を同時に達成できるという格段の効果を奏する。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a surface-treated steel sheet excellent in workability and weather resistance, which is preferably applied mainly to building construction steel materials for outdoor use.
In the present invention, workability means the adhesion (secondary adhesion) of the coated film after processing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When steel is made of weathering steel made by adding a small amount of Cu, P, Cr, etc. to steel, it will be a dense rust layer that is stable against atmospheric corrosion on the steel surface when used barely in an outdoor environment where the amount of flying salt particles is small. Stable rust is formed, and this rust layer has the feature of continuously suppressing the corrosion rate of the steel material over a long period of time. Therefore, it has been widely used in bridges, steel towers, etc., and has contributed to extending its life.
[0003]
However, in conventional weathering steel, it takes 5 to 10 years for the above-mentioned stable rust to be formed, and the surface of the steel material and the surrounding scenery are significantly damaged by the flow rust generated during that time. Therefore, there has been a demand for a technical means for forming stable rust on the surface of weathering steel at an early stage and suppressing the generation of flow rust during the formation of stable rust.
As such means, the inventions described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-39915 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-226198 are known.
[0004]
In the invention described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-39915, 1 mg / cm 2 or less of Fe, Zn, Mn phosphate coating is adhered to weathering steel, and further Fe 2 O 3 + Fe 3 O 4 3-3 20%, phosphoric acid 0.1-3%, one or more Fe, Zn, Mn phosphates 0.1-10%, Ni, Cu-based inorganic compounds one or more 0.1-5%, chromic acid, zinc chromate, 5 to 100 μm of butyral resin containing 0.5 to 10% of one or more kinds of lead chromate is laminated. In the invention described in JP-A-6-226198, a resin coating containing 1 to 65% by weight of at least one of chromium sulfate and copper sulfate is coated directly on the surface of a steel material or via a rust layer.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Both of the inventions described in Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 58-39915 and 6-226198 have a corresponding effect in preventing the occurrence of flow rust in the course of stable rust formation of weathering steel. In the invention described in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 58-39915, there is a problem that the chromium-based compound in the coating film is eluted when it gets wet with rainwater and pollutes the surrounding environment. In addition, in the invention described in JP-A-6-226198, thick plates used for bridges and steel towers are applied, and no consideration is given to coating film adhesion after processing. It is difficult to apply to building materials with many bent parts.
[0006]
In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention forms stable rust early in coastal areas as well as in rural areas, and there is no flow rust generation or elution of environmental pollutants during the formation, and after processing. An object of the present invention is to provide a surface-treated steel sheet having good coating film adhesion and excellent workability and weather resistance.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of diligent research to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have applied a paint containing a specific resin composition to the surface of a steel sheet, so that it is excellent in workability and flows even in coastal areas where the corrosive environment is severe. It was found that a surface-treated steel sheet excellent in weather resistance that prevents formation of rust and forms stable rust at an early stage can be obtained, and the present invention has been made.
[0008]
That is, the present invention has an iron phosphate coating having an adhesion amount of 0.3 to 2 mg / m 2 on the steel sheet surface, and the upper layer thereof is one or two of at least one of Mo-based, W-based and V-based inorganic compounds. more 5 to 20 wt% and containing perforated on the resin solids, and 5 to 20 wt% relative to the resin solids Ni-based inorganic compounds, 5 to 20 wt% of Cu-based inorganic compound on the resin solids, phosphate Butyral with a film thickness of 10 to 50 μm containing one or more inorganic compounds selected from 1 to 20 wt% with respect to the resin solids and sparingly soluble sulfate from 10 to 50 wt% with respect to the resin solids Ri Na has a resin coating film, the Mo-based, W type, one or more of the V-based inorganic compound or heteropoly acid containing P, Mo, V, Si, two or more W a surface-treated steel sheet excellent in workability and weather resistance, wherein the benzalkonium such a salt thereof.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, it is necessary to have an iron phosphate coating on the steel sheet surface. The iron phosphate coating is formed by iron phosphate treatment, which is one type of chemical conversion treatment, and is dense and excellent in adhesiveness. Therefore, the initial adhesiveness of the upper butyral resin coating film and the adhesiveness after processing are remarkable. improves. The adhesion amount of the iron phosphate coating is less than 0.3 mg / m 2 , and the effect of improving the adhesion is small. If it exceeds 2 mg / m 2 , there is a possibility of causing delamination inside the iron phosphate coating. 2 mg / m 2 is preferred.
[0011]
The coating film as the upper layer of the iron phosphate coating is limited to the butyral resin coating. That is, the base resin of the paint used for forming the coating film must be a butyral resin. Generally, base resins for paints applied to steel materials include epoxy resins, acrylic resins, and urethane resins, but these have a low water absorption rate of only a few percent in order to form stable rust under the coating film. The necessary water cannot be supplied in a short period of time. The water necessary for forming stable rust under the coating film can be supplied in a short period of time only when a butyral resin having a high hydrophilicity and a high water absorption rate (several tens of percent) is employed.
[0012]
The butyral resin referred to in the present invention is not only a basic type having a chemical structural characteristic consisting of a butyral group, an acetyl group and a hydroxyl group, but also a basic type obtained by reacting and crosslinking with an isocyanate curing agent. Modifications such as those in which the hydroxyl group concentration is lowered by mixing with a resin are also included. The modified molding is suitable when the water absorption rate of the entire system is desired to be reduced to an appropriate value when used under extremely high humidity and severe corrosion environment.
[0013]
If the film thickness of the butyral resin coating is less than 10 μm, flow rust will occur, and if it exceeds 50 μm, the supply of water and oxygen necessary for stable rust formation will be insufficient and the formation of stable rust will be delayed, so it is limited to 10-50 μm. It is done.
Furthermore, the butyral resin coating film is an inorganic compound of at least one of Mo-based, W-based, and V-based (an inorganic compound containing one or more of Mo, W, V in the chemical formula) for rust stabilization. Of these, it is necessary to contain one or more of them in an amount of 1 wt% or more based on the solid content of the resin. Hereinafter, Mo-based, W-based, and V-based inorganic compounds are collectively referred to as the first component as appropriate.
[0014]
Mo-based, W-based, and V-based inorganic compounds are ionized in the butyral resin when the butyral resin coating film containing them gets wet by rain or condensation and absorbs water. Ions are generated. These ions reach the interface between the steel material and the surface treatment layer (iron phosphate coating layer + coating layer), and oxidize Fe 2+ generated by the corrosion reaction at the interface to Fe 3+ .
[0015]
In general, Fe 2+ is necessary for the formation of Fe 3 O 4 which forms harmful rust that lowers the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of steel materials, while Fe 3+ forms stable rust that improves the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of steel materials. Necessary for the formation of α-FeOOH. Therefore, in order to form stable rust early, it is important to oxidize Fe 2+ generated by the corrosion reaction to Fe 3+ as quickly as possible. Mo-based, W-based, and V-based ions are Both promote this oxidation reaction. Moreover, since these ions impart cation selectivity to the generated rust layer, they are effective in enhancing the barrier property against chlorine ions harmful to rust stabilization.
[0016]
In order to exhibit the above effect, the first component needs to be contained in the butyral resin coating film in an amount of 1 wt% or more based on the resin solid content. In the following, the percentage by weight with respect to the resin solid content of components other than the resin in the resin coating is referred to as the amount of resin. As described above, the amount of the first component with respect to the resin needs to be 1 wt% or more, but if it is less than 5 wt%, the effect is relatively small, and if it exceeds 20 wt%, the effect is saturated and the cost is high. 5 to 20 wt% is preferable. Specific examples of the Mo-based, W-based, and V-based inorganic compounds include, for example, H 2 MoO 4 , NaMoO 4 , K 2 WO 4 , Na 2 WO 4 , CuWO 4 , CaWO 4 , NiWO 4 , and V 2 O. 5 , K 3 VO 4 , K 4 V 2 O 7 , KVO 3 , NaVO 4 , NaVO 3, etc., all of which can be used alone or in combination.
[0017]
In the present invention, one or more of the first components contained in the butyral resin may be composed of a heteropolyacid or a salt thereof containing two or more of P, Mo, V, Si, and W. preferable. This is because the heteropolyacid or its salt is ionized by the water absorption of the resin containing it, and the heteropolyacid ions generated in the resin reach the interface, and the Fe 2+ generated by the corrosion reaction at the interface. Although it promotes oxidation to Fe 3+ , the promoting action is stronger than other Mo-based, W-based, and V-based ions.
[0018]
Specific examples of heteropolyacids or salts thereof containing two or more of P, Mo, V, Si, and W among Mo-based, W-based, and V-based inorganic compounds include phosphotungstic acid (H 3 (PW 12 O 40 ) · NH 2 O), silicotungstic acid (H 4 (SiW 12 O 40 ) · nH 2 O), phosphomolybdic acid (H 3 (PMo 12 O 40 ) · nH 2 O), sodium phosphomolybdate (Na 3) (PMo 12 O 40 ) · nH 2 O), phosphotungsto molybdate (H 3 (PW 12-x Mo x O 40 ) · nH 2 O, 0 <x <12), phosphovanad molybdate (H 15-x (PV 12-x Mo x O 40 ), nH 2 O, 6 <x <12), silicomolybdic acid (H 4 (SiMo 12 O 40 ), nH 2 O), etc. It can be used in combination.
[0019]
In the present invention, the butyral resin further contains one or more selected from Ni-based or Cu-based inorganic compounds, phosphoric acid-based inorganic compounds, and sulfates to further stabilize rust. Preferred above. In the following, Ni-based or Cu-based inorganic compounds, phosphoric acid-based inorganic compounds, and sulfates are collectively referred to as second components as appropriate.
Ni-based inorganic compounds have the effect of increasing the density of rust generated and increasing the barrier properties of the rust layer, and improving the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of steel materials, especially forming dense rust in coastal areas with a large amount of incoming salt particles It is effective. This effect is small when the amount relative to the resin is less than 5 wt%, and is saturated when it exceeds 20 wt%. Therefore, the amount of the Ni-based inorganic compound relative to the resin is preferably 5 to 20 wt%. Specific examples of the Ni-based inorganic compound include NiSO 4 , NiCO 3 , and Ni 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , and these can be used alone or in combination.
[0020]
Cu-based inorganic compounds have the effect of densifying rust to be generated and increasing the barrier properties of the rust layer, and are effective in increasing the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of steel materials. This effect is small when the amount relative to the resin is less than 5 wt%, and is saturated when it exceeds 20 wt%. Therefore, the amount of the Cu-based inorganic compound relative to the resin is preferably 5 to 20 wt%. Specific examples of the Cu-based inorganic compound include Cu 3 (PO 4 ) 2 and CuO 2 , and these can be used alone or in combination.
[0021]
Phosphate-based inorganic compounds were generated because phosphate ions ionized by water absorption of the resin combined with metal ions such as Cu 2+ and Fe 2+ to form complex and chemically stable phosphate coatings. It is effective to protect the stable rust layer. This effect is small when the amount relative to the resin is less than 1 wt%, and is saturated when the amount exceeds 20 wt%. Therefore, the amount of the phosphate inorganic compound relative to the resin is preferably 1 to 20 wt%. Specific examples of phosphoric acid-based inorganic compounds include H 3 PO 4 , AlPO 4 , Zn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , Al (PO 3 ) 3 and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination. it can.
[0022]
The poorly soluble sulfate is effective in accelerating the formation of stable rust because sulfate ions ionized by water absorption of the resin accelerate the iron corrosion reaction at the interface between the steel material and the surface treatment layer. This effect is small when the amount relative to the resin is less than 10 wt%, and is saturated when the amount exceeds 50 wt%. Therefore, the amount of the hardly soluble sulfate relative to the resin is preferably 10 to 50 wt%. Specific examples of the hardly soluble sulfate include SrSO 4 , BaSO 4 , and CaSO 4 , and these can be used alone or in combination.
[0023]
Any compound belonging to the second component is poor in the above effects even if each compound is contained alone or in combination with each other in the butyral resin, and is contained together with at least one compound belonging to the first component. Only the above effect is manifested.
Further, for example, two compounds among Ni-based or Cu-based inorganic compounds (first group), phosphoric acid-based inorganic compounds (second group), and sulfates (third group), such as copper phosphate. In this case, the amount of the compound relative to the resin is different from that of the different compound in order to determine whether the amount of resin relative to the group is within the preferred range. When totaling, it is used redundantly in a plurality of groups to which it belongs.
[0024]
By the way, the main point of the present invention is to improve coating film adhesion by the iron phosphate coating under the butyral resin coating, and to achieve stable rust early formation and flow rust prevention by the butyral resin coating containing the compound. Therefore, as long as the above-described effects of the iron phosphate coating and the butyral resin coating are not impaired, other compounds (hereinafter referred to as the third component as appropriate), for example, harmony with the surrounding environment as necessary. The coating film may contain a coloring pigment such as iron oxide or carbon black, an ultraviolet absorber or an anti-settling agent. However, if the amount of resin to the total of the first to third components exceeds 150 wt%, the first to third components come into direct contact with each other in the resin, and the surface of the coating film is changed to the steel surface. Since it is difficult to prevent flow rust due to easy formation of through-holes, it is preferable to set the content to 150 wt% or less.
[0025]
Moreover, in the present invention, the steel type of the steel sheet used as the base of the surface treatment layer is not particularly limited. In the present invention, even if the steel type is, for example, ordinary steel, the first component in the coating film acts on the rust layer formed under the surface treatment layer to transform it into stable rust. Nonetheless, when the present invention is directed to steel materials used outdoors in coastal areas where the amount of flying salt particles is high and the corrosive environment is severe, if the steel type is ordinary steel, the period until stable rust is completely formed Since it becomes long, it is preferable to use weather resistant steel, Ni-added steel, or the like as the steel type.
[0026]
Thus, in the building component steel material for outdoor use composed of the surface-treated steel sheet that satisfies the gist 1 of the present invention, stable rust is formed early under the surface treatment layer, and the flow rust during the formation period is remarkably reduced, from the initial stage. It is possible to suppress the corrosion rate of the steel, that is, to extend the life of the steel material, and the surface treatment layer has excellent workability. Moreover, since the surface treatment layer does not contain environmental pollution sources such as Cr, there is no concern about environmental pollution. Moreover, in the building-constituting steel material for outdoor use composed of the surface-treated steel sheet that satisfies the gist 2-3 of the present invention, the formation of stable rust is further accelerated.
[0027]
Next, the manufacturing method of the surface treatment steel plate of this invention is demonstrated.
In general, when chemical conversion treatment or coating is performed on the surface of a steel material, it is important to first remove oil, dirt, scales, etc. by surface treatment to keep the surface of the steel material clean. This is also true in the present invention. It is. In the present invention, surface treatment is performed on a steel plate (in particular, a thin steel plate), and therefore, it is preferable to use alkaline degreasing as a base treatment method based on the premise of coil coating. In addition, what is necessary is just to select the steel type of a steel plate according to a product use in consideration of the point mentioned above.
[0028]
The steel plate after the base treatment is subjected to iron phosphate treatment. The iron phosphate treatment may be carried out in accordance with a conventional method, but it is preferable that the iron phosphate coating adhere to the above-mentioned preferable range of 0.3 to 2 mg / m 2 as the operation target.
The steel sheet after the iron phosphate treatment is painted. The coating may be performed by a conventional method, but the coating used is, of course, a butyral resin coating containing the first or second component. What is necessary is just to set suitably the addition amount of the 1st-2nd component to a butyral resin coating material based on the above suitable range of resin amount. The coating amount is set so that the coating thickness (dry film thickness) falls within the management target range.
[0029]
The butyral resin coating film is gradually reduced in film thickness due to light degradation when exposed outdoors for a long period of time, but the lifetime of the coating film is sufficient if it is not shorter than the time required for stable rust formation, In the surface-treated steel sheet of the present invention, the time required for stable rust formation is as short as 1 year at most, so the decrease in film thickness during that period is negligibly small. Therefore, the film thickness limitation range of 10 to 50 μm according to the present invention can be employed as it is as the management target range of the coating film thickness.
[0030]
The coated steel sheet is subjected to drying (film baking). Drying is preferably performed so that the steel plate temperature reaches 100 to 180 ° C. from the viewpoint of sufficiently evaporating the solvent without causing thermal deterioration.
[0031]
【Example】
A strip steel plate of 150 × 150 × 0.7 (mm) was cut out from the steel material having the chemical composition shown in Table 1, and subjected to an iron phosphate treatment (amount of iron phosphate coating 1 mg / m 2 ) after alkaline degreasing or further. After that, paint prepared on the composition shown in Table 2 was applied on one side using a bar coater so that the dry film thickness would be a predetermined value, and baked at a steel plate reaching plate temperature of 140 ° C. An adhesion evaluation test and an exposure test were conducted.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004665272
[0033]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004665272
[0034]
In the coating film adhesion evaluation test, the initial adhesion and the secondary adhesion after processing were investigated. The initial adhesion was evaluated by measuring the remaining area ratio of the coating film by peeling off the tape after making a cut on the painted surface reaching a 1 mm square grid steel surface with a cutter. For secondary adhesion, a DuPont test was performed in which a 500 g weight was dropped from a height of 50 cm using a punch with a diameter of 1/2 inch on a steel sheet with the same notch, and an impact was applied from the unpainted surface. The film was peeled off and evaluated with the remaining area ratio of the coating film, and a 3T bending test was performed with the coated surface outside on the steel sheet without the notch, and the presence or absence of peeling or cracking of the coating film in the bent portion was visually observed. It was evaluated with.
[0035]
In the exposure test, the steel plate is placed at an angle of 30 degrees with respect to the ground at a location about 10 m away from the coast (coastal zone) and 13 km away from the coast (countryside) for one year. Retained. During this holding period, the presence or absence of flowing rust was visually evaluated over time. In addition, a steel plate sample is collected every month, the cross section is observed with a polarizing microscope, and the exposure period required for the stable rust observed as the quenching layer to cover 80% or more of the interface between the steel plate and the rust layer. Asked.
[0036]
The results of the coating adhesion evaluation test and the exposure test are combined with the surface treatment conditions adopted, that is, the type of steel, the presence or absence of chemical conversion treatment (iron phosphate treatment), the type of paint, and the coating thickness (dry film thickness). Table 3 shows the correspondence. In Table 3, ○ in the bending test column means no peeling or cracking, × means that one or both of peeling and cracking are present, ○ in the flow rust column indicates that no flow rust is generated, and × indicates that flow rust is generated. Means. During the exposure, the coating thickness was almost constant.
[0037]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004665272
[0038]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004665272
[0039]
Steel sheet satisfying the present invention Abstract (Examples 1 5), the initial and excellent coating adhesion after processing, no rust is flow at the sea coast land zone, stable rust formation period is also five It was short with the moon .
[0040]
On the other hand, steel plates lacking the first component in the coating (Comparative Examples 1 to 6) and steel plates lacking the coating thickness (Comparative Examples 7 and 8) cannot form stable rust even after one year. Flow rust occurred. Moreover, although the steel plate (Comparative Examples 9 and 10) whose coating film thickness was excessive did not generate | occur | produce flow rust, it was not able to form stable rust even if 1 year passed. In addition, the steel plates lacking an iron phosphate coating between the steel plate and the coating film (Comparative Examples 11 and 12) were comparable to the examples in terms of flow rust suppression and stable rust early formation, but the initial and processed coating films. The adhesion was extremely poor.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
The surface-treated steel sheet of the present invention forms stable rust early in coastal areas as well as in rural areas, and there is no flow rust generation or elution of environmental pollutants during the formation, and adhesion of the coated film after processing It is excellent in performance, and when applied to building construction steel for outdoor use that requires bending, it has the remarkable effect of simultaneously achieving environmental purification, landscape beautification, and building life extension.

Claims (1)

鋼板表面に付着量0.3 〜2mg/m2 のリン酸鉄被膜を有し、その上層としてMo系、W系、V系の少なくともいずれかの無機化合物のうち1種または2種以上を樹脂固形分に対し5〜20wt%含し、かつNi系無機化合物を樹脂固形分に対し5〜20wt%、Cu系無機化合物を樹脂固形分に対し5〜20wt%、リン酸系無機化合物を樹脂固形分に対し1〜20wt%、難溶性の硫酸塩を樹脂固形分に対し10〜50wt%のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有する膜厚10〜50μmのブチラール樹脂塗膜を有してなり、前記Mo系、W系、V系の無機化合物のうち1種または2種以上が、P、Mo、V、Si、Wの2種以上を含むヘテロポリ酸あるいはその塩類からなることを特徴とする加工性および耐候性に優れる表面処理鋼板。It has an iron phosphate coating with a coating weight of 0.3-2 mg / m 2 on the steel sheet surface, and as its upper layer, one or more of at least one of Mo-based, W-based, and V-based inorganic compounds is used as a resin solid content. 5 to 20 wt% and containing chromatic contrast, and 5 to 20 wt% relative to the resin solids Ni-based inorganic compounds, 5 to 20 wt% of Cu-based inorganic compound on the resin solids, a resin phosphate based inorganic compound solid 1 to 20 wt% of the content, and a butyral resin film with a film thickness of 10 to 50 μm containing one or more of the poorly soluble sulfates selected from 10 to 50 wt% of the resin solid content Ri greens and the Mo-based, W type, one or more of the V-based inorganic compounds, that Do from heteropoly acid or its salts containing P, Mo, V, Si, W and two or more A surface-treated steel sheet excellent in workability and weather resistance.
JP30632299A 1999-10-28 1999-10-28 Surface-treated steel sheet with excellent workability and weather resistance Expired - Fee Related JP4665272B2 (en)

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