JP4709531B2 - Methods for removing volatile organic substances from new materials - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for removing volatile organic substances from a new material capable of releasing volatile organic substances.

In recent years, new materials such as wooden building materials and wallpaper impregnated with synthetic resins are being used in houses, furniture, kitchens, washstands, and the like. These new materials are formaldehyde (HCHO), acetaldehyde (CH ₃ CHO), toluene _{(C 6 H 5 CH 3)} , xylene _{(C 6 H 4 (CH 3} ) 2), styrene _{(C 6 H 5 CH = CH} 2 ), Ethylbenzene (C ₆ H ₅ CH ₂ CH ₃ ), paradichlorobenzene (C ₆ H ₄ Cl ₂ ), tetradecane (CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ CH ₃ ) and other volatile organic substances (VOC) There is. For this reason, in newly built houses, etc., there is a concern that these volatile organic substances accumulate indoors and cause sick house syndrome and the like.

  For this reason, in a newly built house, a method has been proposed in which the temperature and humidity in a room are raised before a person lives, etc., and volatile organic substances are pre-dissipated from building materials made of a new material and exhausted outside the room (patent) Reference 1). According to this method, since the indoor humidity is increased, among the volatile organic substances, the water-soluble substance is easily diffused from the building material and is easily removed.

  In addition, a method has been proposed in which the volatile organic substance is preliminarily dissipated from the building material by raising the indoor temperature while lowering the humidity, and exhausted to the outside (Patent Document 2). According to this method, since the indoor humidity is lowered, among the volatile organic substances, the water-insoluble substances can be easily diffused from the building materials and can be easily removed.

  In these cases, a volatile organic substance diffused from the building material can be adsorbed indoors.

JP 2001-193974 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-19414

  However, in the conventional method described above, the method for increasing the indoor humidity and the method for decreasing the indoor humidity are not continued. Therefore, a volatile organic substance classified into a water-soluble substance and a water-insoluble substance is used as a new material. It has been difficult to remove efficiently.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said conventional situation, Comprising: It aims at providing the method which can remove a volatile organic substance from a new material efficiently.

The method for removing a volatile organic substance from a new material according to the present invention comprises placing a new material capable of releasing a volatile organic substance composed of a water-soluble substance and a water-insoluble substance in a chamber, and heating the chamber in a high-temperature and wet state. A first step of maintaining the first atmosphere in a state to dissipate the water-soluble substance into the chamber ;
Successively to the first step, and having a second step of holding the chamber in the second atmosphere hot state and dried state for dissipating water-insoluble substance in the chamber.

  In the removal method of the present invention, in the first step, the new material is held in a first atmosphere in a high temperature and wet state. For this reason, the water-soluble substance of a volatile organic substance can be diffused from the new material, and can be removed. Here, water-soluble substances among volatile organic substances are formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and the like.

  And in a 2nd process, a new material is hold | maintained in the 2nd atmosphere of a high temperature state and a dry state. For this reason, the water-insoluble substance of a volatile organic substance can be diffused from the new material, and can be removed. Here, the water-insoluble substances among the volatile organic substances are toluene, xylene, styrene, ethylbenzene, paradichlorobenzene, tetradecane and the like.

  In particular, in the removal method of the present invention, the second step is continued from the first step. For this reason, according to the removal method of the present invention, the water-soluble substance of the volatile organic substance is diffused by the first step, and the dissipating passage is blocked by the water-soluble substance by the second step. It is believed that water-insoluble materials can also be diffused and removed.

  In the removal method of the present invention, each step is maintained at a high temperature. As a result, acetaldehyde having a boiling point close to room temperature can be continuously dissipated even in the middle of reaching the second step after being dissipated in the first step due to being a water-soluble substance.

  Therefore, according to the removal method of the present invention, volatile organic substances can be efficiently removed from the new material.

  In addition, in the removal method of the volatile organic substance which replaced the 1st process and the 2nd process in the removal method of this invention, the water-insoluble substance of the volatile organic substance and the water-insoluble substance of the volatile organic substance The order of removing the substances is reversed from the removal method of the present invention. Also by this method, the same effects as those of the present invention can be achieved.

  Moreover, according to inventors' consideration, it is preferable that the removal method of this invention repeats a 1st process and a 2nd process alternately alternately. In this case, even in a state where the respective passages for the water-soluble substance and the water-insoluble substance to be diffused are closed, they can be diffused and removed alternately. For this reason, according to this method, the volatile organic substance contained in the new material can be more efficiently removed.

The present invention will row the new material put into the chamber. This ensures that it is possible to reduce the space to lower the humidity at a high temperature, it can be shortened removal time. In this case, it is easy to prevent leakage of heat and moisture in the space. In this case, the volatile organic substance can be removed from the entire surface of the new material. For these reasons , volatile organic substances can be more efficiently removed from the new material. Further, in this case, since the volatile organic substance after the diffusion is difficult to leak out of the space, the working environment is not deteriorated and the surrounding environment is not polluted. When and place in the chamber, it is also possible to carry out after the assembling of the new material, it is preferably performed before assembly.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments embodying the present invention will be described below together with comparative examples with reference to the drawings.

  First, a standard test piece of 160 mm × 160 mm × 15 mm was prepared as a new material capable of diffusing volatile organic substances. This standard test piece is formed by sticking a wood chip with an adhesive into a flat plate and attaching a decorative paper to the front and back surfaces with an adhesive. This standard test piece was placed in a 20 L chamber (manufactured by Adtec Co., Ltd.).

Before the first step, in order to confirm the amount of volatile organic substances released from the standard test piece in a normal state, the atmosphere in the chamber is set to a temperature of 28 ° C., a humidity of 50%, and a ventilation frequency of 0.5 times / h. The chamber was sealed and this temperature and humidity were maintained for 24 hours. During this time, the concentration (μg / m ³ ) of the volatile organic substance in the chamber was measured. Here, the objects to be measured as volatile organic substances are individually measured formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, toluene, xylene, styrene, ethylbenzene, paradichlorobenzene, tetradecane, and total volatile organic substances. The total volatile organic substances include formaldehyde and other volatile organic substances not individually measured.

Next, as a first step, the inside of the chamber was kept at a high temperature and a wet state of a temperature of 40 ° C. as a first atmosphere, a humidity of 50%, and a ventilation frequency of 0.5 times / h for 24 hours. During this time, the concentration (μg / m ³ ) of the target in the chamber was measured.

Subsequently, the second step was performed continuously to the first step. That is, the inside of the chamber was kept at a high temperature and a dry state for 24 hours as a second atmosphere at a temperature of 40 ° C., a humidity of 22%, and a ventilation rate of 0.5 times / h. During this time, the concentration (μg / m ³ ) of the target in the chamber was measured.

Then, after the second step, in order to confirm the effect by the above method, the atmosphere in the chamber is the same as before the first step, with the temperature being 28 ° C., the humidity being 50%, and the ventilation frequency being 0.5 times / h. The temperature and humidity were maintained for 24 hours. During this time, the concentration (μg / m ³ ) of the target in the chamber was measured.

  These results are shown in Table 1 and FIGS. FIG. 1 shows the concentration of formaldehyde, FIG. 2 shows the concentration of acetaldehyde, FIG. 3 shows the concentration of styrene, FIG. 4 shows the concentration of ethylbenzene, and FIG. 5 shows the concentration of total volatile organic substances.

  From Table 1 and FIGS. 1-4, it turns out that formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, styrene, and ethylbenzene were not detected before the 1st process. Accordingly, it is considered that most of these objects are not diffused only after 24 hours have passed in the normal state.

  Further, it can be seen that formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, which are water-soluble substances, were detected in the first step and the second step, and in particular, they were detected in a high temperature and in a wet state, which are the first step. Accordingly, it is considered that those objects that are water-soluble substances were detected in the residue that was not removed in the second step after being diffused in the high temperature and wet state of the first step.

  On the other hand, styrene and ethylbenzene, which are water-insoluble substances, are not detected in the first step, but are detected in the second step. As a result, most of these objects that are water-insoluble substances are not dissipated in the high temperature and wet state of the first step, but are diffused in the high temperature and dry state of the second step. Recognize.

  It can also be seen that formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, styrene and ethylbenzene were not detected after the second step. Thereby, it is considered that these objects were removed by the exhaust after the second step.

  Furthermore, it can be seen from Table 1 and FIG. 5 that the total volatile organic substances were detected before the first step. Thereby, it can be seen that volatile organic substances other than formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, toluene, xylene, styrene, ethylbenzene, paradichlorobenzene and tetradecane, which were individually measured, were diffused in a normal state.

  Further, it can be seen that the concentration of the total volatile organic substance is higher in the first step than before the first step, and this concentration is further increased in the second step. Thereby, the water-soluble substance of the volatile organic substance is diffused in the high temperature state and the wet state as the first step, and the water-insoluble substance of the volatile organic substance in the high temperature state and the dry state as the second step. It is thought that the sexual substance was released.

  In particular, in the embodiment, the second step is continued from the first step. For this reason, in the first step, the water-soluble substance of the volatile organic substance is dissipated, and in the second step, the dissipating passage is blocked by the water-soluble substance. It is thought that the active substances were also diffused and removed.

  Furthermore, it can be seen that a lower total volatile organic substance concentration was detected after the second step than before the first step. As a result, the total volatile organic substances are more efficiently dissipated in the first step and the second step than in the normal state, and are removed by the exhaust in the first step, the exhaust in the second step, and the subsequent exhaust. I understand.

  Table 1 shows that toluene, xylene, paradichlorobenzene and tetradecane were not detected. Accordingly, it is considered that these are not contained in the adhesive or are not diffused under the temperature and humidity conditions of the examples.

  Therefore, it can be seen that the volatile organic substance can be efficiently removed from the new material by the method for removing the volatile organic substance from the new material of the example.

Comparative example

  First, in the same manner as in the example, a standard test piece and a chamber as a new material were prepared, and processing and measurement before the first step and in the first step were performed. Subsequently, as the second step, the same processing and measurement as in the first step were performed continuously to the first step. That is, in the first step and the second step, the inside of the chamber was kept in a high temperature and wet state at a temperature of 40 ° C. and a humidity of 50% as a first atmosphere for 48 hours, and measurement was performed every 24 hours during this time. . Then, after the second step, the same processing and measurement as in the second step of the example were performed.

  These results are shown in Table 2. These results are shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 together with the results of the examples.

  From Tables 1 and 2 and FIGS. 3 and 4, styrene and ethylbenzene, which are water-insoluble substances, were detected in the second step in a high temperature state and a dry state in the above examples. On the other hand, when exposed to a high temperature state and a wet state as in the comparative example, it can be seen that styrene and ethylbenzene are not diffused.

  Further, from Tables 1 and 2 and FIG. 5, when the example and the comparative example are compared, the total volatile organic substance concentration in the second step of the example is higher than the concentration of the total volatile organic substance in the second step of the comparative example. It can be seen that the concentration is high. This difference is that, in the second step of the comparative example, the water-insoluble substance among the volatile organic substances is not diffused, whereas in the second step of the example, the water-insoluble substance in the volatile organic substance is not diffused. This is thought to be due to the release. In addition, this difference is that the second step is continued from the first step in the embodiment, so that in the first step, the water-soluble substance of the volatile organic substance is diffused, and in the second step, It is also considered that the water-insoluble substance among the volatile organic substances whose passages to be diffused were blocked by the water-soluble substance was also diffused.

  Therefore, it can be seen from the above that the volatile organic material can be removed more efficiently by the removal method of the embodiment than by the removal method of the comparative example.

  While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and can be appropriately modified and applied without departing from the spirit thereof.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a method for removing volatile organic substances from wooden building materials, wallpaper, and the like.

It is a graph which shows the time change of the density | concentration of formaldehyde according to an Example and a comparative example. It is a graph which shows the time change of the density | concentration of acetaldehyde according to an Example and a comparative example. It is a graph which shows the time change of the density | concentration of styrene according to an Example and a comparative example. It is a graph which shows the time change of the density | concentration of ethylbenzene according to an Example and a comparative example. It is a graph which shows the time change of the density | concentration of a total volatile organic substance according to an Example and a comparative example.

Claims (4)

A new material capable of dissipating volatile organic substances composed of water-soluble substances and water-insoluble substances is put in a chamber, and the chamber is maintained in a first atmosphere in a high temperature and in a wet state so that the water-soluble substance is contained in the chamber. A first step of diffusing into the chamber;
A second material which is continuous with the first step and has a second step of keeping the inside of the chamber in a high temperature and dry second atmosphere and releasing the water-insoluble substance into the chamber. Of removal of volatile organic substances from water. The method for removing volatile organic substances from a new material according to claim 1 , wherein ventilation is performed in the first step and the second step.   The new material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least two or more types of the water-soluble substances are diffused in the first step, and at least two or more types of the water-insoluble substances are diffused in the second step. Of removal of volatile organic substances from water.   The method for removing volatile organic substances from a new material according to claim 3, wherein at least formaldehyde and acetaldehyde are diffused in the first step, and at least styrene and ethylbenzene are diffused in the second step.

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