JP4806200B2 - Roof frame and roof frame construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a roof frame and a construction method thereof.

Conventionally, the so-called open type waste disposal site has mainly been used for throwing waste into land that has been subjected to minimal earth filling using local topography. However, in an open-type disposal site, rainwater permeates, so there is a large-scale treatment plant for treating leachate containing pollutants that are generated in large quantities during rainfall (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “sewage”). Was needed. In addition, there were cases in which the surrounding area was adversely affected, such as flying dust and bad odor during strong winds and landfills, and pollution of pests such as crows and moths.
Therefore, in recent years, closed disposal sites have become common from the standpoint of environmental considerations in the surrounding area.

Closed-type disposal sites have roofs to reduce adverse effects on the surrounding environment and to control the rainwater to equalize the amount of sewage discharged from the disposal sites, thereby reducing the size of the treatment plant. It is possible and has economic merit.
However, in order to build a roof when the site area of the disposal site is very large, it is necessary to install a large number of pillars to support the roof inside the landfill, and by installing these pillars, landfill work for waste In addition to the problem of reducing the volume of landfills. Moreover, since the depth is deep in the center of the landfill generally formed in the shape of a mortar, the shape dimensions of the support column are large, and there is a case where the expenditure is economically large.

Therefore, in Patent Document 1, a plurality of gate-shaped roof structure blocks formed by three-dimensionally assembling steel materials and steel pipes and building roof slope structures composed of truss structures so as to face each other are connected. A roof frame is disclosed. The roof frame secures the structural strength by the roof slope structure of the truss structure and blocks the inflow of rainwater with the roofing material, eliminating the need for a central support column.
Further, in Patent Document 2, a plurality of support columns are erected around the landfill, cables are stretched from the support columns to the opposing support columns, and are connected to each other at the crossing positions of the cables. A roof frame for supporting a roof material made of is disclosed. With this roof frame, it is possible to install a roof corresponding to a planar terrain on the disposal site without requiring a support column in the center of the landfill.
JP 2002-309709 A ([0014]-[0019], FIG. 1) JP 2004-164429 A ([0016]-[0027], FIG. 1)

However, the former roof structure using the roof slope structure consisting of the truss structure is connected to the roof slope structure and affixed with roofing material, and then lifted by a crane or other heavy lifting machine around the landfill. It is constructed by connecting to a standing side wall structure, and when applied to a vast disposal site, the roof slope structure is large, and it may be difficult to hang (erase) with a crane. In addition, the landform of the disposal site is often an irregular shape in plan, and it is difficult to construct a roof structure that matches the shape of the landform.
In addition, it takes time to manage a plurality of cables using the latter cable, and in a disposal site having a large site area, each cable is long, and it is difficult to manage and stretch these cables. In addition, the roofing material supported by the cable is bent downward due to gravity except for the cable supporting part, and rainwater from the rain, flying dust and sand, etc. accumulate in this part, so drainage is applied to each flexible part. In addition, it is necessary to arrange facilities such as sand removal, which has a problem that it takes time for construction and also for time-consuming management.

  The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is simple and capable of making maximum use of the site area of the construction area without being limited by the scale or shape of the construction area. A roof frame with a structure and excellent workability and a construction method of the roof frame are proposed.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a roof frame formed so as to cover the entire upper surface according to the planar topography of the construction area, leaving a band-like interval of a predetermined width. a pair of local portions covering above of the working area, and the consist provided continuously to standard roof member in a band spacing standard unit, is composed of, the standard unit as a feature that you have been fixed to the local unit Yes.

  With such a roof frame, for example, a construction area such as a closed disposal site can be easily constructed with a structure applied to the local terrain. In other words, after forming the projecting part of the roof according to the local shape by the local part, a standard part is constructed in which the standard roof member, which is a standard member, is continuously connected to the belt-like interval formed to a predetermined width by the local part. Thus, in order to complete the roof frame, the member forming the standard part is not limited to the local shape, and is excellent in productivity. Moreover, since the standard part arrange | positions a fixed-shaped member mechanically, it is excellent also in workability.

The invention according to claim 2 is the roof frame according to claim 1, wherein the standard roof member is slid and fixed to a predetermined position at the end of the field portion on the belt-like interval side. The attachment means to form is formed.

  With such a roof frame, for the construction of the standard part, it is possible to perform the erection by sliding the standard roof member made of a fixed member from one side toward the other, using the attachment means of the local part. Rather than laying the standard roof member through a lifting machine such as a crane, the standard roof member can be easily guided to a predetermined position and mechanically placed. Excellent in properties.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the roof frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that there are two types of widths of the belt-like interval.

  With such a roof frame, it is possible to adjust the width of the standard part according to the local topography and minimize the construction area of the local part by forming two types of intervals corresponding to the shape of the construction area It becomes. Therefore, since it is necessary to form according to the local flat topography, it is possible to minimize the construction of the local part, which requires labor for construction, and only mechanically connect the fixed members. Since the construction area of the standard part is wide, it is economical and construction with excellent workability is possible. In addition, if there are two types of widths of the belt-like intervals, it is possible to construct the fixed members formed in accordance with the respective widths by sliding them from two directions of one direction and the other direction.

  Furthermore, if the standard part is a roof member composed of a light-weight structure such as a membrane structure, a stringed beam structure, a light truss structure, etc., the load on the local part is reduced and the construction work of the standard part becomes easy. Is preferable.

Further, the invention according to claim 4 is a method for constructing a roof frame, and according to the plan topography of the construction area, a field part for constructing a roof member with a predetermined interval of a strip width above the construction area. A standard part construction process in which a standard roof member is continuously provided at the tip of the roof member so as to straddle a belt-like interval formed by the construction process, the local part construction process, and the standard roof member is fixed to the roof member. And a process.

Furthermore, the invention according to claim 5 is the construction method of the roof frame according to claim 4 , wherein the standard roof member is slid from one direction to the other direction in connection with the standard roof member. It is characterized by that.

  Since the construction method of such a roof frame forms a belt-like interval of a predetermined width by the local part construction process, the work in the standard part construction process slides the standard roof member made of a fixed shape from one direction to the other direction, etc. Simple construction enables continuous installation and is excellent in workability. Moreover, since the standard roof member which comprises a standard part consists of a fixed-shaped member, it is excellent also in economical efficiency from the viewpoint of the productivity.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily construct a roof frame having a simple structure without being limited by the scale or shape of the construction area.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire roof frame according to the first embodiment (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as “first embodiment”), and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the roof frame. is there. Moreover, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view which shows the attachment means formed in the front-end | tip of the roof member of a local part, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a cross-sectional view. 4A to 4C are perspective views showing other forms of the standard roof frame of the standard part. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the state of the roof frame on which the membrane material is installed.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the roof frame according to the first embodiment is a mortar-shaped landfill formed by effectively using the local landform to reduce cutting work and embankment work as much as possible ( According to the plan topography of the landfill R, a pair of field parts 10 that cover the upper part of the construction area) R, leaving a belt-like interval S formed with a certain width, and a standard part 20 that covers the belt-like interval S. It is formed so as to cover the entire upper surface.

As shown in FIG. 2, the local part 10 includes a reaction force column 14 erected on the side of the landfill R, a column 12 erected on the inner side of the reaction force column 14 (the landfill R side), It is comprised by the roof member 11 which is supported by these reaction force pillar 14 and the support | pillar 12, and protrudes above the landfill R. And the attachment means which slides and fixes the standard roof member 21 which comprises the standard part 20 to a predetermined position at the front-end | tip of the side which protruded above the landfill R of the roof member 11 as shown in FIG. 16 is formed.
The attachment means 16 according to the first embodiment is made of an angle member fixed along the strip interval S so that the standard roof member 21 can be hooked at the tip of the roof member 11.

Moreover, the roof member 11 has an inclination so as to be lowered from the center side of the landfill R toward the outer peripheral direction so that rainwater at the time of rain, flying dust, sand, or the like does not accumulate. . And the rear end (end part of the outer peripheral side of the landfill R) is formed so as to cover the outside of the shoulder of the landfill R. Furthermore, the rear end of the roof member 11 is applied to a reaction force column 14 that receives a reaction force such as the weight of the portion protruding upward from the landfill R or the load of the standard roof member 21 of the standard portion 20 fixed to the tip from the ground. It is fixed.
Further, on the ground below the rear end of the roof member 11, a water channel (not shown) for draining rainwater or the like flowing down from the roof frame 1 is formed.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the support | pillar 12 and the reaction force column 14 are being fixed by the base members 13 and 15, respectively. Here, the erection structure for erection of the roof member 11 is not limited to the structure composed of the above-mentioned support columns 12 and the like, and is appropriately set according to the situation. For example, a structure in which a reaction force is obtained from the ground with a cable or the like without providing the reaction force column 14 or a structure having a counterweight or the like at the rear end of the roof member 11 may be used. In the first embodiment, the column 12 is erected on the slope of the landfill 12, but may be configured to be erected on the outer periphery of the landfill R, and is appropriately determined according to the local situation and the like. It shall be.

  The standard part 20 is configured to include a plurality of standard roof members 21 that are connected to the belt-like interval S formed by the field part 10. The end of the standard roof member 21 is fixed to the tip of the roof member 11. As shown in FIG. 2, the standard roof member 21 is composed of a lightweight truss member that is curved so as to protrude upward, and rainwater at the time of rain, incoming dust, sand, etc. It flows down to the local part 10 without being deposited on the ground. The strength and shape of the standard roof member 21 are appropriately set according to local conditions. For example, in a heavy snowfall area, the standard roof member 21 has a strength that can withstand snow accumulation and is configured to be steeply inclined. It shall be.

  Here, the configuration of the standard roof member 21 is not limited to the lightweight truss member. As shown in FIG. 4A, the standard roof member 21 ′ made of a plate material formed in a flat plate shape is illustrated. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), a standard roof member 21 ′ curved so as to protrude upward in the shape of a bow by the tension of the cables 23 and 24 may be used, and as shown in FIG. 4 (c). Thus, you may use the standard roof member 21 "formed in the shape of a U with a truss member. Moreover, when there is a height difference in the local parts 10, 10 formed on both sides of the landfill R In this case, the standard roof member 21 ′ made of a plate material as shown in FIG. 4A may be used as it is. In this case, the standard part 20 has an inclination due to the height difference between the local parts 10 and 10. Therefore, rainwater and flying objects do not accumulate on the upper surface of the roof frame 1.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the standard roof member 21 is laid so that the front end of the standard roof member 21 hangs on the attachment means 16 formed at the front end of the roof member 11. After sliding to a predetermined position, it is carried out by fixing to the attachment means 16 with bolts and nuts BN.

  And if the standard part 10 is constructed in the strip | belt-shaped space | interval S formed by the local part 10, as shown in FIG. 5, the whole local part 10 and the standard part 20 will be water-impermeable such as a waterproof sheet or a water shielding sheet. The film material 30 is completely covered.

  Next, the construction method of the roof frame 1 will be described. Here, FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a construction state of the standard part.

  The roof frame 1 has a local part construction step of constructing the roof member 11 while leaving a strip-like interval S having a certain width above the landform R according to the planar landform of the landfill R, and so as to straddle the strip-like interval S, It is constructed by a standard part construction process in which a standard roof member 21 made of a fixed shape member is continuously provided at the tip of the roof member 11. Here, the standard roof member 21 is continuously provided by sliding the standard roof member 21 from one direction to the other direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the local part 10 erected a column 12 on the side of the landfill R in accordance with the shape of the landfill R, and then lays the roof member 11 through the column 12. At this time, the roof member 11 is formed so that the front end thereof protrudes above the landfill R (see FIG. 2). As shown in FIG. 6, the local part 10 is formed on both sides of the landfill R, and a band-like interval S is formed between the front ends of the roof members 11 with a certain width. Yes. In addition, in 1st Embodiment, although the strip | belt-shaped space | interval S shall be formed in a rectangular shape, the shape of the strip | belt-shaped space | interval S is not limited and shall form suitably according to the local topographic shape.

  The standard part 20 is constructed by connecting a standard roof member 21 made of a fixed member to the belt-like interval S formed together with the construction of the local part 10. As shown in FIG. 3A, the standard roof member 21 is arranged so that both ends of the standard roof member 21 are hooked on the attachment means 16 formed at the tip of the roof member 11 of the field portion 10 by a crane (not shown). Then, it is slid along the attachment means 16 with a winch or the like (not shown) and conveyed to a predetermined position. And if it arrange | positions to a predetermined position, as shown in FIG.3 (b), erection is completed by fixing to the attachment means 16 via a volt | bolt and nut BN.

  When the construction of the standard part 20 is completed, the film material 30 is disposed so as to cover the entire local part 10 and the standard part 20 (see FIG. 5). Here, in the first embodiment, the membrane material 30 is disposed after the construction of the local part 10 and the standard part 20 is completed, but the membrane material 30 is attached to the local part 10 and the standard part 20 in advance. In this case, a water stop process is applied to the joint so that rainwater or the like does not penetrate into the landfill R from the joint between the local part 10 and the standard part 20.

  Since the roof frame 1 according to the first embodiment covers the entire landfill R, water does not penetrate into the landfill R even when it rains, and water is discharged from the disposal site by the minimum sewage treatment facility. It becomes possible to manage the sewage.

  In addition, because the landfill R is completely covered by the roof frame 1, dust or sand during landfilling work does not scatter to the surrounding area, and it is not possible to reach the surrounding area due to bad odors such as waste. There is no adverse effect.

  Further, the roof frame 1 can be efficiently landfilled even in a large-scale disposal site, because the column 12 is not disposed in the center of the landfill R, and the landfill R This is preferable because the volume of the column is not reduced by the support 12.

  In addition, regarding the construction of the roof structure 1 of the landfill R, which has a deformed shape because it is formed according to the local landform, by connecting the local part 10 constructed according to the shape of the landfill R and a fixed member in series. Since the construction is performed with the standard part 20 to be constructed, the construction of the standard part 20 can be performed easily and at an early stage. Therefore, as a whole, construction with a short construction period and excellent economic efficiency is possible.

  Moreover, since the construction of the standard part 20 is performed by sliding the standard roof member 21 which is a fixed member from one side to the other, even when the roof frame 1 is constructed in a large-scale disposal site, it is relatively small. The lifting machine can be installed, which is preferable. In addition, the construction method of the standard part 20 is not limited to the said method, For example, you may shorten a construction period by sliding the standard roof member 21 from one side and the other side.

  Moreover, since the roof frame 1 of this invention can construct | assemble the roof which covers the whole landfill R by standing up the support | pillar 12 in the side part of the landfill R, it is an open type disposal site in service It can be constructed by post-construction, and can be applied to any disposal site without being constrained by new construction and existing construction.

<Second Embodiment>
Next, a second embodiment of the roof frame according to the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “second embodiment”) will be described.
Here, FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the second embodiment, (a) shows a roof frame composed of two types of strip-like intervals, and (b) shows a roof frame consisting of strip-like intervals having break points. Is shown.

  The roof frame 2 shown in FIG. 7A has a wide strip-like interval formed on one side and a narrow strip-like shape formed on the other side when the width of the landfill R varies greatly depending on the landform of the disposal site. By forming the belt-like interval S with two different widths and reducing the construction area of the local part 10 to be formed according to the local topography, the construction area of the standard part capable of continuous construction is expanded. is there. Thereby, it is excellent in workability and it becomes possible to construct the economical roof frame 2. Moreover, since two types of standard roof members 21a and 21b are slid from one side and the other, respectively, early construction is possible, which is preferable.

  The roof frame 3 shown in FIG. 7B is a construction example in the case where the planar shape of the standard part 20 is folded into a U shape due to the landform of the disposal site. In the construction of the standard part 20, the roof frame 3 slides and arranges trapezoidal standard roof members 21 c that are first formed in accordance with the shape of the folding points from both ends of the belt-like interval S, and thereafter, as usual. The roof member 21 is slidably arranged.

<Third Embodiment>
Next, a third embodiment (hereinafter, simply referred to as “third embodiment”) as a reference example will be described.
Here, FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the roof frame of the third embodiment.

  The roof frame 4 according to the third embodiment is provided with a pair of support portions 40 having a predetermined width and disposed on the side of the landfill (construction area) R, and is slidably disposed on the support portions 40. And a roof portion 50 covering the upper surface of the landfill R.

  The landfill R according to the third embodiment is divided into a first landfill R1 and a second landfill R2 formed in a predetermined shape, and the landfill R to the landfill R is the first landfill R1. It is assumed that after completion, it is moved to the second landfill R2. In addition, since the 1st landfill R1 and the 2nd landfill R2 are formed in the same shape, it becomes possible to use the roof frame 4 which consists of the same support part 40 and the roof part 50. Yes.

  The support portion 40 is formed on each side of the first landfill R1 and has a plurality of column members 41 standing at predetermined intervals, and upper ends of these column members 41, 41,. It is comprised from the horizontal member 42 installed horizontally. In addition, the support part 40 is not limited to the structure which consists of the column member 41 and the horizontal member 42, For example, you may be comprised by the wall member. Moreover, in 3rd Embodiment, although the column member 41 and the horizontal member 42 shall each form combining steel materials, the material which comprises a supporting member is not limited, With respect to the assumed external force It is sufficient that sufficient proof stress can be expressed.

  The roof portion 50 is formed by connecting a plurality of roof members 51 at the upper ends of the support portions 40, 40 formed on both side portions of the first landfill R1 so as to straddle the first landfill R1. In addition, since each roof member 51 is comprised similarly to the standard roof member 21 demonstrated in 1st Embodiment, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. Further, the method for fixing the roof member 51 to the cross member 42 may be appropriately selected from known means such as fastening with bolts.

  On the upper surface of the lateral member 42 of the support portion 40, there is an attachment means (not shown) that slidably supports the roof member 51, such as a rail-shaped member. Here, the configuration of the attachment means according to the third embodiment is not limited, and may be set as appropriate.

  In the construction of the roof frame 4 according to the third embodiment, support portions 40 are formed on both sides of the target landfill R (first landfill R1), and one end portion of the support portion 40 to the other end portion. The roof member 51 is continuously provided by sliding the roof member 51, and the first landfill R <b> 1 is covered with the roof portion 50.

When the landfill work of the first landfill R1 covered with the roof frame 4 is completed, the support member 40 is moved to the second landfill R2 after the roof member 51 is removed. Then, similarly to the first landfill R1, the roof member 51 is connected to the upper portion of the support portion 40 to form the roof 50, and the landfill operation of the second landfill R2 is performed. The number of sections of the landfill R is not limited to the two sections of the first landfill R1 and the second landfill R2, but is appropriately set according to the size of the landfill R and the like.
Further, the installation of the roof member 51 is not limited to sliding, and may be directly installed on the support portion 40 using a crane or the like.

  Therefore, since the roof frame 4 can be moved to the next area and used after the work in one construction area, the material cost can be greatly reduced. Here, it is preferable that the column member 41 has an expansion / contraction function, even if the ground height around the landfill R is uneven, the column member 41 can be adjusted by the expansion / contraction function of the column member 41. Further, when the ground height is uneven around the landfill R, the height of the column member 41 may be adjusted by adding a steel material through a bolt.

As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment was described about this invention, this invention is not limited to each said embodiment, A design change is possible suitably in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.
For example, the shape of the belt-like interval is not limited to that shown in each of the above embodiments, and may be appropriately set according to the local topographic shape and the like.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although it was set as the structure which constructs a standard part by sliding a standard roof member, it is not limited to this, A standard roof member is constructed with lifting machines, such as a crane. Needless to say, the configuration may be adopted.

In the above embodiment, the steel member made of the angle member is fixed to the tip of the roof member as the attachment means for fixing after guiding the standard roof member to a predetermined position, but the configuration of the attachment means is limited. For example, it is configured by fixing a rail member to one of the roof member and the standard roof member, and fixing a member that can store the head of the rail member, such as a channel member, to the other, By fixing the shape steels to each other, the shape steels may be engaged with each other so that they do not shift during sliding.
Moreover, it is good also as a structure by which sliding of a standard roof member is simply performed because either one of a roof member or a standard roof member has a wheel.

  In the above embodiment, the landfill of the disposal site is used as the construction area, and the roof frame according to the present invention covers the construction area. However, the construction area to which the roof frame according to the present invention is applicable is not limited, for example, By covering the entire construction work site with the roof frame of the present invention, it is possible to easily make an all-weather construction site.

It is a perspective view showing the whole roof frame concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a cross-sectional view of the roof frame according to the first embodiment. It is an enlarged view which shows the attachment means formed in the front-end | tip of the roof member of a local part, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a cross-sectional view. (A)-(c) is a perspective view which shows the other form of the standard roof frame of a standard part. It is a perspective view which shows the condition of the roof frame which installed the membrane material. It is a top view which shows the construction condition of a standard part. It is a top view which shows 2nd Embodiment, (a) has shown the roof frame which consists of two types of strip | belt-shaped space | intervals, (b) has shown the roof frame which consists of the strip-shaped space | intervals which have a fold point. . It is a perspective view which shows the roof frame of 3rd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2, 3, 4 Roof frame 10 Field part 11 Roof member 16 Mounting means 20 Standard part 21 Standard roof member 40 Support part 50 Roof part 51 Roof member R Landfill (construction area)
S Band interval

Claims (5)

A roof frame formed to cover the entire top surface according to the topography of the construction area,
A pair of field parts covering the upper part of the construction area leaving a belt-like interval of a predetermined width;
A standard part composed of a standard roof member arranged continuously in the belt-like interval;
The roof frame is characterized in that the standard part is fixed to the field part.   2. The roof frame according to claim 1, wherein attachment means for sliding and fixing the standard roof member to a predetermined position is formed at a tip of the field portion on the belt-like interval side.   The roof frame according to claim 1 or 2, wherein there are two kinds of widths of the belt-like interval. Depending on the plan topography of the construction area, a local part construction process for constructing a roof member leaving a strip-like interval of a predetermined width above the construction area;
A standard part construction process in which a standard roof member is continuously provided at the tip of the roof member so as to straddle the belt-like interval formed by the local part construction process,
Fixing the standard roof member to the roof member;
The construction method of the roof frame characterized by including. The construction method of the roof frame according to claim 4 , wherein the standard roof members are continuously arranged by sliding the standard roof members from one direction to the other direction.

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