JP4806493B2 - Water wheel and power generator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water turbine that generates power from running water using a rotating impeller and a power generation device that generates electric power from the power of the water wheel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, various water turbines and power generators equipped with the water turbines have been developed according to the conditions, applications, and scales of installation locations.
[0003]
Among these various types of water turbines, an axial flow water turbine having a structure in which shaft power is generated by water flowing in a direction along the rotation axis of the rotary impeller is advantageous for reducing the size and cost of the apparatus. For example, Japanese Patent Application No. 12-224840 and Japanese Patent Application No. 13-40153 propose an axial-flow turbine power generation apparatus including such an axial-flow turbine.
[0004]
The axial-flow turbine power generator shown in the prior art described above can be applied to a small water stream such as a stream, and has high industrial utility value. In the future, it is expected that a large shaft power can be extracted more effectively from a small water flow so that a larger electric power can be obtained.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to be able to extract the maximum shaft power from a predetermined water flow, it is important to more appropriately generate a swirl flow for rotating the rotary impeller.
A general method for generating a swirling flow will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows a conventional water wheel as viewed from above.
[0006]
Conventionally, water that has entered from the inlet pipe 101 is taken into a spiral pipe 102, and the water that flows spirally is rectified by a plurality of guide vanes 103, so that the water flows to the rotary impeller 104. At this time, a swirling flow is generated in the water sent to the rotary impeller 104 by the above process.
[0007]
A water turbine of the type shown in FIG. 6 can reliably generate a swirl flow. However, since it is not the form which produces | generates a swirl flow from the water of an axial flow, it not only increases the scale of the whole water wheel, but it is not suitable for mass production and tends to increase production costs.
[0008]
Further, in the system as shown in FIG. 6, an operation mechanism including a shaft or the like is provided so that the opening degree of a plurality of guide vanes for drawing water into the central portion can be adjusted. Producing such a plurality of guide vane operating mechanisms leads to an increase in production cost. Moreover, since it is necessary to adjust the opening degree of these several guide vanes according to various conditions, such as flow volume, adjustment work takes time and it is difficult to adjust all the guide vanes appropriately in a short time. .
[0009]
Therefore, the swirl flow generation method according to the method shown in FIG. 6 cannot be applied to an axial flow turbine as it is.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a water turbine and a power generator that can appropriately generate a swirling flow with a simple configuration without causing an increase in size or cost. .
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problem, a water turbine according to the present invention includes an outer cylinder that receives inflowing water, and a plurality of openings that are provided inside the outer cylinder and allow water from the outer cylinder to pass inwardly. An inner cylinder having a portion, and a rotating impeller that generates axial power based on water that has passed through a plurality of openings of the inner cylinder, and the outer cylinder receives the flow of received water from the axial flow direction. It is characterized by having a structure that changes the direction of the inner cylinder to the inside and gives a swirl flow component to the water flow .
[0012]
The water wheel further includes a flow rate adjusting pipe that is rotatably provided inside the inner cylinder and has a plurality of openings facing the plurality of openings of the inner cylinder, and by rotating the flow rate adjusting pipe You may make it block | close some or all of the some opening part of the said inner cylinder.
[0013]
In the water wheel, the flow rate adjusting pipe may be a single cylindrical member having a plurality of holes.
[0014]
In the water turbine, a lever for rotating the flow rate adjusting pipe may be attached to the flow rate adjusting pipe, and a pipe for passing the lever may be provided between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. .
[0015]
The water wheel may include a plurality of partition plates that are fixed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder and guide water received by the outer cylinder to a plurality of openings of the inner cylinder. .
[0016]
The water turbine generator according to the present invention includes an outer cylinder that receives inflowing water, and an inner cylinder that is provided inside the outer cylinder and has a plurality of openings for allowing water from the outer cylinder to pass inwardly. A rotating impeller that generates shaft power based on water that has passed through a plurality of openings of the inner cylinder, a generator that is provided outside the outer cylinder, and the power of the rotating impeller that is generated by the generator Power transmission means for transmitting to the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is configured to change the flow of received water from the axial flow direction to the inner direction of the inner cylinder , and to impart a swirl flow component to the water flow It is characterized by having.
[0017]
In the water turbine generator, the power transmission means may have a belt or a chain, and a pipe for passing the belt or the chain may be provided between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation device including a water turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A shows a plan view of the power generator as viewed from the side, and FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional view of a portion A in FIG.
[0019]
The power generator of this embodiment includes a casing 1, a flow rate adjusting pipe 2, a generator 3, a runner vane 4, a runner boss 5, a rotating shaft 6, and a belt 7.
[0020]
A casing 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes an outer cylinder 11, an inner cylinder 12, an inlet pipe 13, an outlet pipe 14, two partition plates 15, and two openings 16. A perspective view of such a casing 1 is shown in FIG. As can be seen from this perspective view, the casing 1 is provided with a flow rate adjusting lever through tube 17 and a belt through tube 18 in addition to the above elements.
[0021]
The outer cylinder 11 has a structure for receiving water flowing in through the inlet pipe 13 and converting the received water flow by 90 degrees from the axial flow direction to the inner direction of the inner cylinder 12.
[0022]
The inner cylinder 12 is provided inside the outer cylinder 11, allows water from the outer cylinder 11 to pass inward through the two openings 16, and sends the water that has passed through to the runner vane 4.
[0023]
The inlet pipe 13 flows in water from the outside of the water turbine and sends it out to the outer cylinder 11.
[0024]
The outlet pipe 14 discharges water after passing through the runner vane 4 to the outside of the water turbine.
[0025]
The two partition plates 15 are fixed between the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 12 and guide water received by the outer cylinder 11 to the two openings 16 of the inner cylinder 12.
[0026]
The two openings 16 allow water from the outer cylinder 11 to pass inward of the inner cylinder 12.
[0027]
The flow rate adjusting lever through-tube 17 is a tube that is provided between the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 12 and passes a flow rate adjusting lever described later.
[0028]
The belt passing pipe 18 is a pipe that is provided between the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 12 and allows the belt 7 to pass therethrough.
[0029]
On the other hand, the flow rate adjusting pipe 2 shown in FIG. 1 is rotatably provided inside the inner cylinder 12 and has two openings 21 facing the two openings 16 of the inner cylinder 12. A perspective view of such a flow control pipe 2 is shown in FIG. As can be seen from this perspective view, the flow rate adjusting pipe 2 is realized as a single cylindrical member having two holes. By rotating the flow rate adjusting pipe 2 as described above, a part or all of the two openings 16 of the inner cylinder 12 are closed. The flow rate adjusting pipe 2 is provided with a flow rate adjusting lever 22 in addition to the two openings 21.
[0030]
The flow rate adjustment lever 22 is a lever that is attached to the flow rate adjustment pipe 2 and rotates the flow rate adjustment pipe 2. By moving the flow rate adjusting lever 22 in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 3, the flow rate adjusting pipe 2 is rotated and formed by both the opening 16 of the inner cylinder 12 and the opening 21 of the flow rate adjusting pipe 2. The area of the window changes (that is, the ratio at which the opening 16 of the inner cylinder 12 is blocked changes). As a result, the flow rate of water flowing from the outer cylinder 11 into the inner cylinder 12 changes. In addition, when completely closed, the entire flow rate can be cut off. In this case, the flow rate adjusting lever 22 is stopped at a position where a desired flow rate is obtained, and is fixed by a lock mechanism or the like.
[0031]
The flow rate adjusting lever 22 may be adjusted manually or automatically. For example, the flow rate adjusting lever 22 may be electrically driven and controlled so that the flow rate becomes a predetermined value (so that the area of the window becomes a predetermined value) based on the result of simulation by a computer or an actual measurement value. Good.
[0032]
A generator 3 shown in FIG. 1 is provided outside the outer cylinder 11 and generates power based on power transmitted by a power transmission mechanism including a runner vane 4, a runner boss 5, a rotating shaft 6, and a belt 7. A perspective view of such a power transmission mechanism is shown in FIG.
[0033]
The runner vane 4 and the runner boss 5 constitute a rotary impeller, which rotates based on the water passing through the two openings 16 of the inner cylinder 12 and the two openings 21 of the flow rate adjusting pipe 2 to generate shaft power. To do.
[0034]
The rotating shaft 6 transmits shaft power generated by the rotating impeller to a belt 7 hung on a pulley.
[0035]
The belt 7 transmits the power transmitted from the rotating shaft 6 to the generator 3 via a pulley.
[0036]
Next, the operation of the power generator configured as described above will be described.
[0037]
When water enters from the inlet pipe 13 of the water wheel, the water is sent into the outer cylinder 11. The water sent into the outer cylinder 11 is guided to the peripheral edge in the outer cylinder 11 by the outer wall of the inner cylinder 12.
[0038]
The water guided to the peripheral edge in the outer cylinder 11 is changed by 90 degrees from the axial flow direction to the inner side of the inner cylinder 12 by the inner wall of the outer cylinder 11, and the inner cylinder 12 is respectively separated by the two partition plates 15. Are passed through the opening 16 of the inner cylinder 12 and the opening 21 of the flow rate adjusting pipe 2 and sent to the runner vane 4. At this time, a swirling flow is generated in the water sent to the runner vanes 4 by the above process.
[0039]
When the water in which the swirl flow is generated hits the runner vane 4, the runner vane 4 rotates efficiently and corresponding shaft power is generated in the rotating shaft 6. The water that has passed through the runner vanes 4 is sent out of the water turbine through the outlet pipe 14. On the other hand, the shaft power generated in the rotating shaft 6 is transmitted to the generator 3 by a power transmission mechanism including the belt 7 to cause the generator 3 to generate power.
[0040]
Thus, according to the present embodiment, the water guided to the peripheral edge in the outer cylinder 11 is changed by 90 degrees from the axial flow direction to the inner direction of the inner cylinder 12 by the inner wall of the outer cylinder 11. Since the two partition plates 15 are respectively guided to the two openings 16 of the inner cylinder 12 and pass through the openings 16 of the inner cylinder 12 and the openings 21 of the flow rate adjusting pipe 2, the swirl flow is appropriately generated. Therefore, it is possible to effectively extract a large shaft power from the runner vane 4 rotated by the swirling flow, and obtain a corresponding electric power. At the same time, since the configuration of the water turbine and the power generation device can be simplified, it is easy to design, easy to manufacture at low cost, enables mass production, is easy to downsize, and is easy to maintain. In addition, regarding the flow rate adjustment, a flow rate adjustment pipe having a simple configuration is used without using a guide vane as in the prior art, so that stable flow rate adjustment can be realized at low cost.
[0041]
The casing 1 in the power generation apparatus shown in FIG. 1A may be modified as shown in FIG.
[0042]
That is, the casing 1 shown in FIG. 5 is further provided with a protruding member 19 and an inclined member 20 with respect to the casing 1 of FIG. These are used to suppress energy loss of running water due to friction in the outer cylinder 11.
[0043]
By providing the projecting member 19, the water sent from the inlet pipe 13 into the outer cylinder 11 can be smoothly guided to the peripheral edge in the outer cylinder 11. Further, by providing the inclined member 20, the water guided to the peripheral edge in the outer cylinder 11 can be smoothly guided from the axial direction to the inner side of the inner cylinder 12. In addition, by providing a member similar to the inclined member 20 inside the inner cylinder 12, water flowing into the inner cylinder 12 can be smoothly guided to the runner vanes 4.
[0044]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist.
[0045]
For example, in the above-described embodiment, a case has been described in which two partition plates 15, two openings 16, and two openings 21 are provided, but a configuration in which three or more are provided may be employed.
[0046]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the belt and the pulley were used for the power transmission mechanism, it may replace with these and may use a chain and a sprocket.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a water turbine and a power generation device that can appropriately generate a swirling flow with a simple configuration without causing an increase in size or cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B are a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a power generation device including a water wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a casing in the power generation device of FIG. 1. FIG.
3 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a flow rate adjusting pipe in the power generation device of FIG. 1. FIG.
4 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a power transmission mechanism in the power generation device of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a modified example of the casing in the power generation device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a conventional method for generating a swirling flow by a water wheel.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Casing 2 ... Flow control pipe 3 ... Generator 4 ... Runner vane 5 ... Runner boss 6 ... Rotating shaft 7 ... Belt 11 ... Outer cylinder 12 ... Inner cylinder 13 ... Inlet pipe 14 ... Outlet pipe 15 ... Partition plate 16 ... Opening part 17 ... Flow rate adjusting lever through pipe 18 ... Belt through pipe 19 ... Protruding member 20 ... Inclined member 21 ... Opening portion 22 ... Flow adjusting lever 101 ... Inlet pipe 102 ... Helix pipe 103 ... Guide vane 104 ... Rotating impeller

Claims (7)

An outer cylinder for receiving inflowing water,
An inner cylinder that is provided inside the outer cylinder and has a plurality of openings for allowing water from the outer cylinder to pass inward;
A rotating impeller that generates axial power based on the water that has passed through the plurality of openings of the inner cylinder, and the outer cylinder converts the flow of received water from the axial flow direction to the inner direction of the inner cylinder. And having a structure that imparts a swirl component to the water flow .   A flow rate adjusting pipe that is rotatably provided inside the inner cylinder and has a plurality of openings facing the plurality of openings of the inner cylinder is further provided, and the inner cylinder is rotated by rotating the flow rate adjusting pipe. The water turbine according to claim 1, wherein a part or all of the plurality of openings are closed.   The water turbine according to claim 2, wherein the flow control pipe is a single cylindrical member having a plurality of holes.   A lever for rotating the flow rate adjusting pipe is attached to the flow rate adjusting pipe, and a pipe for passing the lever is provided between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. Item 2. The water wheel according to item 2.   2. A plurality of partition plates, which are fixed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder and for guiding water received by the outer cylinder to a plurality of openings of the inner cylinder, are provided. The listed water wheel. An outer cylinder for receiving inflowing water,
An inner cylinder that is provided inside the outer cylinder and has a plurality of openings for allowing water from the outer cylinder to pass inward;
A rotary impeller that generates shaft power based on water that has passed through a plurality of openings of the inner cylinder;
A generator provided outside the outer cylinder;
Power transmission means for transmitting the power of the rotating impeller to the generator, and the outer cylinder converts the flow of received water from the axial direction to the inner side of the inner cylinder , and the water A water turbine generator having a structure that imparts a swirl component to a flow .   The said power transmission means has a belt or a chain, The pipe | tube for letting the said belt or a chain pass between the said outer cylinder and the said inner cylinder is provided. Water turbine power generator.

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