JP4846253B2 - Environmental impact assessment method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an environmental impact evaluation method and apparatus for evaluating an environmental impact by calculating an environmental load of a software service.

  In recent years, due to the social rise in global environmental issues, not only environmental considerations caused by production activities in factories, but also reductions in the environmental impact of products themselves are required.

  Therefore, life cycle assessment (LCA) has attracted attention as a method for quantitatively evaluating the environmental load of a product. LCA is a technique for analyzing and evaluating the load that a product has on the environment throughout its life and improving it toward reducing the environmental load. In other words, LCA is to grasp and evaluate the degree of environmental burden through the life cycle of a product (raw material collection → manufacturing → distribution → use → disposal / recycling, etc.).

  LCA is not a partial good or bad, but a comprehensive evaluation over the life of the product, and a method for scientifically or rationally improving by quantitatively grasping loads such as air pollution, resource efficiency, and waste volume. It is characterized by making it available.

  In order to determine the environmental load of a product, the usage amount of parts and materials constituting the product and the basic unit of environmental load of the parts and materials are required. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-311760 (environmental load evaluation method) is disclosed as an apparatus for evaluating the environmental load by totalizing the usage amount of the parts and materials and the basic unit of environmental load. This discloses a method for building a detailed tree structure in detail for the process relating to the manufacture of the product to be evaluated and the process for disposal, and for evaluating the environmental load in all processes. However, in such an environmental impact assessment device, information on the amount of parts and materials used in products is entered by the evaluator (user) for each part and material. However, it is necessary to search for and input the basic units of the corresponding parts and materials from the environmental load basic unit database, and the more complex products, the more labor and time are required.

  In addition, as an environmental load unit database, an environment obtained by matrix calculation from an input-output table in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-57936 (a storage medium storing a product environmental load evaluation apparatus, an environmental load evaluation method, and an environmental load evaluation program), etc. The use of load intensity is disclosed. Since the environmental load intensity obtained from the input-output table can be obtained for various parts and materials, it is useful because it enables detailed environmental load evaluation. However, because the environmental impact intensity database consists of many parts and materials, it is highly specialized for evaluators to select appropriate intensity items from the parts and material items of the environmental impact intensity database. Knowledge and skill are required, and efficient environmental load assessment could not be performed in a short time.

  Further, recent products are made by computer-aided design (CAD), and include data on parts, material dimensions, and shapes included in the CAD design information. The data regarding the dimensions and shapes of parts and materials includes information useful for summing up the amount of parts and materials used to determine the environmental load of the product. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-348068 (design support apparatus, apparatus evaluation apparatus, and program recording medium), a method for automatically summing up the amount of parts and materials used in a product by taking design information of a CAD system by an input means Is disclosed. However, there are many items that do not match the item names of the parts / materials included in the CAD design information and the item names of the environmental load basic unit database. However, it was necessary to select an appropriate basic unit item. In this case, since the environmental impact intensity database is composed of many parts and materials, the evaluator must select an advanced intensity item in order to select appropriate intensity items from the environmental load intensity database parts and material items. Expert knowledge and skill are required, and efficient environmental load assessment could not be performed in a short time.

On the other hand, an environmental load evaluation method applied to software and services by improving the above-described environmental load evaluation method of products has been proposed. When software services are introduced, the consumption of goods can be reduced by paperless etc., and the amount of movement of people and the amount of movement of goods can be reduced. Conventional manual paperwork is automated, and the same amount of paperwork can be performed in a short time, or the same amount of paperwork can be performed with a small number of people. On the other hand, in order to operate software services, the power consumption of OA equipment such as computers increases. Therefore, by evaluating the amount of increase and decrease of the environmental load without omission, it is possible to evaluate the environmental load of the software service. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-296429 discloses a technique for classifying processes from construction to operation of an information system into a plurality of processes and evaluating the environmental load from the power consumption and the amount of consumables for each classified process. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-94875, the environmental load is evaluated from the power consumption of the reference product and the target product, the consumption of paper, the movement of people, the movement of goods, the amount of network use, the amount of discarded stock, and the amount of stored stock Techniques to do this are disclosed. Inevitably, in order to perform an environmental load evaluation when a software service is introduced, an invention of an environmental load evaluation method for improving work efficiency has been required.
JP-A-7-31760 JP 10-57936 A JP 2004-94875 A

  However, the above-described conventional evaluation method does not necessarily evaluate appropriately because it does not consider how much the office man-hours actually performing the paperwork are improved.

  Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to quickly predict the environmental load including the number of office work in advance in the introduction of the software service in order to solve the environmental load evaluation for improving the business efficiency in the environmental load evaluation of the software service. The present invention also provides an environmental load evaluation method and apparatus that automatically and easily calculates an environmental load and supports product design with a low environmental load.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the disclosed environmental impact assessment method includes a computer-aided man-hour acquisition procedure before the computer acquires man-hours related to paperwork before the introduction of software services from the user, and the user For the post-introduction office man-hour acquisition procedure to acquire the office man-hours related to the post-introduction office work, and for each of the pre-introduction and post-introduction , the environmental load basic unit per unit man-hour of office processing is the office man-hour. by multiplying, perform a calculation procedure for calculating the environmental load value of the paperwork, and the evaluation procedure for evaluating the environmental impact of the paperwork before and after introduction of the software and services, the calculating step, An office energy unit table in which an office energy unit indicating an environmental load value per unit time is managed for each energy consumed in the office process stored in a storage area. Using the office energy consumption unit to multiply the energy consumption per unit time to calculate the environmental load intensity unit per unit office work area, and the work unit stored in the storage area A space related to the office man-hour by multiplying the office man-hour base unit by the office man-hour base unit using the office man-hour base unit table in which the office man-hour base unit indicating the office space used per person is managed. By multiplying the space calculation procedure for calculating, the environmental load basic unit per unit office work area calculated by the office unit calculation procedure, and the space relating to the office man-hour calculated by the space calculation procedure, to Yes and office environmental load value calculation procedure of calculating the environmental load value of the office steps.

  Such an environmental impact assessment method can be compared by the magnitude of the environmental load value associated with the paperwork before and after the introduction of the software service.

  Environmental load intensity per unit man-hour (environmental load intensity B) is the environment calculated from the building energy consumption per unit time and the space intensity required for office processing (space intensity C). It is calculated from the product C × D of the load unit (referred to as environmental load unit D).

  Furthermore, from the energy consumption Ei of n types of energy sources (n is 1 or more) of buildings per unit time and the environmental load basic unit Fi for each energy source, the environmental load basic unit D per unit office work area is It can be obtained by the following calculation.

n
D = Σ (Ei ・ Fi)
i = 1
Here, as the energy source consumed in the building, electricity, city gas, LP gas, heavy oil, and the like can be used, and energy sources other than those exemplified above may be used. Environmental load unit D includes energy consumption unit, CO2 emission unit, NOx emission unit, SOx emission unit, biological oxygen demand (BOD) unit, chemical oxygen demand (COD) unit , TP basic units, TN basic units, and the like can be used, and other basic units can also be used.

  By multiplying the man-hour E required for paperwork and the space (area) F required for paperwork per person, it can be converted into an area C required for paperwork.

  As means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides an environmental impact assessment apparatus realized by executing the above program, and a computer executable program storage medium for causing a computer to perform the above method. You can also.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently evaluate the environmental load before and after the introduction of a software service in a short time. In addition, it automatically and quickly calculates the environmental load associated with business processes before and after the introduction of software and services so that the magnitude of environmental load can be grasped in real time while planning and designing software and services. Thus, it is possible to provide an environmental load evaluation device that supports product design with a low environmental load.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The environmental impact assessment apparatus in the present embodiment has a hardware configuration as shown in FIG. 1, for example. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of an environmental impact assessment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, an environmental impact assessment apparatus 100 is a terminal controlled by a computer, and includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 51, a memory unit 52, a display unit 53, an output unit 54, an input unit 55, The communication unit 56, a storage device 57, and a driver 58 are connected to the system bus B.

  The CPU 51 controls the environmental impact assessment apparatus 100 according to a program stored in the memory unit 52. The memory unit 52 includes a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read-Only Memory), and the like, and is obtained by a program executed by the CPU 51, data necessary for processing by the CPU 51, and processing by the CPU 51. Stored data. Further, a partial area of the memory unit 52 is allocated as a work area used for processing by the CPU 51.

  The display unit 53 displays various information required under the control of the CPU 51. The output unit 54 has a printer or the like, and is used for outputting various types of information in accordance with instructions from the user. The input unit 55 includes a mouse, a keyboard, and the like, and is used by a user to input various information necessary for the environment impact assessment apparatus 100 to perform processing. The communication unit 56 controls communication with the environmental impact assessment apparatus 100 when the environmental impact assessment apparatus 100 is connected to the environmental impact assessment apparatus 100 via, for example, the Internet or a LAN (Local Area Network). Device. The storage device 57 is composed of, for example, a hard disk unit, and stores data such as programs for executing various processes.

  A program for realizing the processing performed by the environmental impact assessment apparatus 100 is provided to the environmental impact assessment apparatus 100 by a storage medium 59 such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory). That is, when the storage medium 59 storing the program is set in the driver 58, the driver 58 reads the program from the storage medium 59, and the read program is installed in the storage device 57 via the system bus B. . When the program is activated, the CPU 51 starts its processing according to the program installed in the storage device 57. The medium for storing the program is not limited to a CD-ROM, and any medium that can be read by a computer may be used. The program for realizing the processing according to the present invention may be downloaded via the network by the communication unit 56 and installed in the storage device 57.

  The software service environmental impact assessment process for evaluating by introducing a software service that automates manual paperwork by information processing will be described below.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a functional configuration of the environmental impact assessment apparatus. In FIG. 2, as input data 11, consumption of paper, CD-ROM, etc., movement of people such as transportation expenses, movement of goods such as trucks for delivering goods, etc., office work 8 factors: office space required for storage, warehouse space for stocking products, IT / network equipment power consumption such as information processing equipment, data communication volume, and paper and other office supplies waste Are input by the user before improvement and after improvement (actual value after improvement or improvement target value).

  The input data 11 may include other environmental influence factors. Here, two or more influence amounts may be simultaneously input to each environmental influence factor. For example, for energy consumption, power consumption, oil usage, city gas usage, LP gas usage, heavy oil usage, etc. may be input simultaneously. As for the amount of movement of people, the amount of movement by passenger car, the amount of movement by bus, the amount of movement by rail, the amount of movement by aircraft, etc. may be input simultaneously. As for the transportation amount of goods, the transportation amount by truck freight, the transportation amount by rail freight, the transportation amount by aircraft, etc. may be inputted simultaneously.

  The software / service environmental impact evaluation unit 30 that evaluates the environmental load before and after the improvement analyzes the environmental load calculation unit 32 that calculates the environmental load value from the input data 11 using the environmental load basic unit DB 41 and the current state before the improvement. It has a current situation analysis unit 34 and an improvement proposal unit 36 that creates improvement proposals based on the current situation analysis results and displays them on the display unit 53.

  The environmental load basic unit managed by the environmental load basic unit DB 41 includes a basic unit based on a stacking method in which all resources and energy used for manufacturing materials and parts are integrated and an industry issued by the Statistics Bureau of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. The basic unit obtained by solving the determinant from the association table can be used. The basic unit using the input-output table is about 400 basic classification items, and more than 2,000 items of basic units such as materials and parts can be obtained using the production value table for each item. Particularly preferred.

The environmental load basic unit is energy consumption basic unit, CO ₂ emission basic unit, NOx emission basic unit, SOx emission basic unit, biological oxygen demand (BOD) basic unit, chemical oxygen demand (COD) basic unit, It includes TP basic units, TN basic units, and the like, and may include other basic units. The total sum of environmental load factors of m types (for example, m = 8) becomes the environmental load.

  Assuming that each value input as the input data 11 of each environmental influence factor is the influence amount Ai, the environmental load calculation unit 32 acquires the basic unit Bi corresponding to each environmental influence factor from the environmental load basic unit DB 41 and determines the influence. The environmental load value is obtained by multiplying the quantity Ai by the basic unit Bi. Based on the sum of all environmental load values of environmental factors, the improvement proposing unit 36 performs evaluation before and after improvement.

  In the environmental impact assessment apparatus 100 according to the present invention, environmental load values related to office space associated with office work that have not been considered in the past are taken into consideration. Hereinafter, a method for calculating the environmental load value related to the office space will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a data structure of the basic unit related to the office space managed by the environmental load basic unit DB. In FIG. 3, the environmental load basic unit DB 41 according to the present invention differs from the conventional case in that the basic unit per unit time required in the office on average is managed for each energy, and the average unit of energy consumption table 43 The basic unit 45 of administrative man-hours for managing the basic unit of clerical man-hours (per worker) that is necessary for each. These tables 43 and 45 are preset.

  A method of calculating the environmental load value of the office space using these tables 43 and 45 will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for calculating the environmental load value of the office space.

  In FIG. 4, the environmental load calculation unit 32 acquires energy consumption per unit time in the unit area of the office (step S101). This energy consumption is obtained, for example, by dividing the energy consumption for the past year by the area of the office. This energy consumption may be set in advance by the user and stored in a predetermined storage area. Or when starting this process, you may make it acquire from a user by displaying the input screen on the display unit 53. FIG.

Next, environmental load calculation unit 32 obtains the intensity corresponding to each energy consumed in the office (Kg-CO2 / kcal) from the office energy unit table 43 (step S102), unit area of the office The environmental load value per unit time is calculated (step S103).

The environmental load calculation unit 32 acquires the basic unit (m ² / person) of the office man-hour from the office man-hour basic unit table 45 (step S104), and calculates the necessary space from the necessary man-hour and the basic unit ( Step S105). That is, the necessary space is calculated by multiplying the office work number by the basic unit acquired from the office work base unit table 45.

  Furthermore, the environmental load calculation unit 32 calculates the environmental load value based on the number of office work by multiplying the required space by the environmental load value per unit time in the unit area of the office calculated in step S103 (step S106). .

According to the above-described steps S101 to S103, the energy consumption Ei of n types of energy sources (n is 1 or more) of the office (building) per unit time, the environmental load basic unit Fi for each energy source, the unit paperwork Assuming that the environmental load per unit area D is
n
D = Σ (Ei × Fi)
i = 1
Can be shown as

  The environmental load basic unit D per unit office work area calculated in this way may be separately managed in the environmental load basic unit DB 41.

Here, for example, the energy consumption (kcal / m ² ) of the office per unit time is
Electricity 136,000
City gas 44,000
Heavy oil A 11,000
District heat supply 17,000
, The calculated CO ₂ emission amount with reference to the office energy intensity table 43 shown in FIG.
Electric power 136,000 × 0.0005116 = 69.58 (Kg-CO ₂ / m ² )
City gas 44,000 × 0.0002187 = 9.62 (Kg-CO ₂ / m ² )
A heavy oil 11,000 × 0.0002958 = 3.25 (Kg-CO ₂ / m ² )
District heat supply 17,000 × 0.0003078 = 5.27 (Kg-CO ₂ / m ² )
Is calculated as And the sum total of these is 87.69 (Kg-CO ₂ / m ² ).

Further, according to the above-described steps S104 to S105, for example, when 2.0 manpower is required as the man-hour, by referring to the man-hour unit table 45 shown in FIG.
Necessary space (m ² ) = clerical man-hours (people) × basic unit (m ² / person)
= 2.0 (person) x 13 (m ² / person)
= 26.0 (m ² )
Is calculated.

Furthermore, according to step S106 described above,
Environmental load value of office space (Kg-CO ₂ )
= Total energy consumption in the office (Kg-CO ₂ / m ² ) × Required space (m ² )
= 87.69 (Kg-CO ₂ / m ² ) × 26.0 (m ² )
= 2,279.94 (Kg-CO ₂ )
Is calculated as The environmental load value “ _2, 279.94 (Kg-CO ₂ )” of the office space calculated here is a value that has not been considered in the past.

  The following describes how to assess the environmental impact before and after the introduction of software services.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the principle of the environmental impact assessment process. In FIG. 5, the software / service environment impact evaluation unit 30 of the environment impact assessment apparatus 100 classifies software services for each factor (n is an integer of 1 or more) (step S <b> 201). Here, the software / service environmental impact assessment unit 30 acquires a result classified by the user in a predetermined data format, or displays a screen that allows registration / change / deletion of software / service. The software service may be classified according to the operation of the user.

  The software service environment impact evaluation unit 30 displays a template for inputting the actual value (or assumed value) regarding the n factor on the display unit 53, and acquires the value input by the user (step S202). Here, the user inputs data before the introduction of the software service and data after the introduction. The data is an actual value or an assumed value input using a template described later. The input data includes office space.

Based on the value input by the user, the environmental load calculation unit 32 of the software / service environmental impact assessment unit 30 refers to the environmental load basic unit DB 41 according to the input of data before introducing the software / service. , Converted into environmental load values such as CO2, NO2, and SOx and tabulated (step S203a). Further, by referring to the environmental load basic unit DB 41, the input of data after the introduction of the software service is converted into environmental load values such as CO2, NO2, and SOx and tabulated (step S203b). The processing order of steps S203a and S203b does not matter.

In steps S203a and S203b, for example, input data 11 such as consumption of goods, movement of people, movement of goods, office space, warehouse space, IT / network equipment power, data communication, and waste, It is converted into environmental load values such as CO ₂ , NO ₂ , and SO _x .

  After counting the data before the introduction of the software service and the data after the introduction, the environmental load calculation unit 32 calculates the introduction effect E indicating the effect of the introduction of the software service. The introduction effect E is calculated as follows, for example.

Introduction effect E (%) = (Total value after introduction-Total value before introduction) / Total value before introduction (1)
It is.

  The environmental load calculation unit 32 outputs the calculated result as environmental load estimation data (step S205).

  Then, the current status analysis unit 34 of the software / service environmental impact assessment unit 30 executes a current status analysis process for analyzing whether or not the environmental load is increased after the introduction (step S206).

  In the current state analysis process, the current state analysis unit 34 increases the environmental load value by comparing the environmental load value before introduction calculated in step S203a with the environmental load value after introduction calculated in step S203b ( The factor (+) is extracted (step S206a), and the increased (+) factor is classified (step S206b).

  Next, the software / service environment impact evaluation unit 30 executes the improvement proposal process by the improvement proposal unit 36 (step S207).

  In the improvement proposal process, the improvement proposal unit 36 determines whether or not there is an increase (+) factor (step S207a). If there is no increase (+) factor, the improvement proposing unit 36 ends the improvement proposing process, and the software / service environment impact evaluating unit 30 ends the environment impact evaluating process.

  On the other hand, when there is an increase (+) factor, the improvement proposing unit 36 displays the increase (+) factor as an improvement factor on the display unit 53 and points it to the user (step S207b). For example, when the increase (+) factor is IT equipment power, the IT equipment power is displayed as an improvement factor.

  Next, the improvement item in the improvement factor is displayed on the display unit 53 and pointed out to the user (step S207c). For example, as the IT equipment power item, the number of servers, operation time, and the like are displayed as improvement items.

  Then, the user determines whether the indicated (displayed) improvement item is appropriate (step S207d). That is, it is determined whether or not improvement items can be improved. If it is determined that the item cannot be improved by the user, the improvement suggestion process ends, and the software / service environment impact evaluation unit 30 ends the environment impact evaluation process.

  On the other hand, if the user determines that improvement is possible, data indicating that improvement is possible is input (step S207e). With this determination, the improvement proposing process is completed, the process returns to step S202 to calculate the environmental load value for each factor after introduction, and the same process as above is repeated.

  Next, in the environmental impact assessment process shown in FIG. 5, a method for proposing improvement items by setting a target software service introduction effect A (%) in advance will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the environmental impact evaluation process when setting the target software / service introduction effect. In FIG. 6, the same processing as that in FIG. 5 is denoted by the same step number, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 6, the user sets a target of the effect of introducing the software service to A (%) using a predetermined input screen provided by the software service environment impact evaluation unit 30 (step S200). The set target value A (%) of the introduction effect of the software service is stored in a predetermined storage area by the software service environment impact evaluation unit 30 and used by the improvement proposal unit 36. Thereafter, the same processing as described in FIG. 5 is executed from step S201 to step S206.

  In the improvement proposal process (step S207), the improvement proposal part 36 performs the same process as demonstrated in FIG. 5 from step S207a to S207e, and also performs step S207f to S207h.

  After step S207e, it is determined whether the introduction effect E (%) is larger than the target value A (%) of the introduction effect set by the user in step S200 (S207f). The target value A (%) of the introduction effect is a threshold value.

  If the introduction effect E (%) is large, the improvement proposing unit 36 determines that the introduction of the software / service has been sufficiently effective, displays that effect on the display unit 53, and proposes the improvement by the operation by the user. The process is terminated, and the software / service environmental impact assessment unit 30 terminates the environmental impact assessment process. In this case, although there are improvement factors, it indicates that the target value has been achieved by improving the environmental load value in other factors.

  On the other hand, if the introduction effect E (%) is small, the improvement proposing unit 36 determines that there is not a sufficient effect for the introduction of the software service, and makes an improvement proposal regarding the operation of the software service (step S207g). The improvement proposing unit 36 refers to a table showing an improvement plan in the operation corresponding to the factor of the increase in the environmental load value created by the administrator who manages the operation of the software service in advance, and the environmental load value increases. Based on the factor, the contents of the proposal are selected from the table showing the improvement plan in operation and displayed on the display unit 53. For example, as an operation improvement proposal, information indicating a reduction in quantity, usage time, etc. for IT equipment, and an area, reduction in man-hours for office space, etc. are displayed on the display unit 53.

  Further, the improvement proposing unit 36 refers to a table showing an improvement plan in the usage method of the software service in correspondence with the factor of the increase in the environmental load value created by the administrator in advance, and the environmental load value has increased. Based on the factor, the proposed content is selected from the table indicating the improvement plan in the method of use and displayed on the display unit 53 (step S207h). For example, BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) is proposed as an improvement plan for the usage method, and the contents include, for example, restrictions on the server model and number of units as the IT equipment configuration, usage of iDC (information Data Center), and the like.

  Thereafter, when the user improves the introduction of the software service based on the proposed improvement plan, the user inputs data after the introduction in step S202, and thereafter, the same processing as described above is performed.

  7 and 8 show processing examples in the environmental impact evaluation processing shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining a first processing example in the environmental impact assessment processing. FIG. 7 shows an environmental impact assessment process when the input data 11 shown in FIG. 2 has eight factors. The difference from the process in FIG. 6 is that the n factor is the consumption of goods, the amount of movement of people, Eight factors, such as the amount of goods moved, office space, warehouse space, IT / network equipment power, data communication, and waste. Moreover, the environmental impact value to be converted can be subjected to environmental impact evaluation processing as conversion to CO ₂ .

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining a second processing example in the environmental impact assessment processing. FIG. 8 shows a case where 15 (%) is further set as the target of the introduction effect in the first processing example shown in FIG.

For example, the total of environmental load values before introduction is calculated as 5.5 t-CO ₂ (step S203a), and the total of environmental load values after introduction is calculated as 3.9 t-CO ₂ (step S203b). In this case, the introduction effect E (%) is minus 29 (%) (step S205).

  Therefore, the determination result in step S207f in the improvement proposal process (step S207) is determined to be effective after the introduction of the software service because the absolute value 29 (%) of the introduction effect exceeds the target value 15 (%). Then, that effect is displayed on the display unit 53.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining a third processing example in the environmental impact evaluation processing. FIG. 9 shows a case where 30 (%) is set as the target of the introduction effect in the first processing example shown in FIG.

For example, the total of environmental load values before introduction is calculated as 5.5 t-CO ₂ (step S203a), and the total of environmental load values after introduction is calculated as 3.9 t-CO ₂ (step S203b). In this case, the introduction effect E (%) is minus 29 (%) (step S205).

  Therefore, the determination result in step S207f in the improvement proposal process (step S207) is that the absolute value 29 (%) of the introduction effect is less than the target value 30 (%) (the introduction effect E = 29 <target A for the first time). Therefore, steps S207g and S207h are executed by determining that there is no effect after the introduction of the software service. If the introduction of the software service is improved in accordance with the proposal and the data after introduction is input again in step S202, the determination result in step S207f in this improvement proposal process (step S207) is the absolute value 42 of the introduction effect. Since (%) exceeds the target value 30 (%), it is determined that there is an effect after the introduction of the software service, and that effect is displayed on the display unit 53.

  Next, an example of a template used in step S202 and displayed as detailed contents as necessary will be described.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a consumption template. In FIG. 10, the consumption template includes items such as environmental impact factors, pre-introduction usage (consumption) before introduction, post-introduction usage (consumption) after introduction, and introduction effects. Is included.

As environmental load factors, there are paper, CD-ROM, and the like as medium types, and the basic unit indicates kg-CO _{2 for} one sheet. This basic unit is acquired from the environmental load basic unit DB 41. Before the introduction and after the introduction, the usage amount indicated by the number of sheets and the converted environmental load value are indicated. The environmental effect before and after the introduction is indicated by the difference in environmental load values before and after the introduction.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a template for the amount of human movement. In FIG. 11, the template for the amount of movement of people includes items such as environmental impact factors, pre-introduction indicating the usage (consumption) before introduction, post-introduction indicating the usage (consumption) after introduction, and introduction effects. included.

In terms of environmental load factors, there are automobiles, railways, and the like as transportation means, and the basic unit is kg-CO ₂ for one person per 1 km. This basic unit is acquired from the environmental load basic unit DB 41. Before the introduction and after the introduction, the total number of people, the travel distance indicated by km, and the converted environmental load value are indicated. The environmental effect before and after the introduction is indicated by the difference in environmental load values before and after the introduction.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of an object movement amount template. In FIG. 12, the template for the amount of movement of items includes items such as environmental impact factors, pre-introduction indicating the usage (consumption) before introduction, post-introduction indicating the usage (consumption) after introduction, and introduction effects. included.

In the environmental load factor, there is a truck or the like as a mailing means, and the basic unit is kg-CO _{2 corresponding} to 1 ton of goods per 1 km. This basic unit is acquired from the environmental load basic unit DB 41. Before the introduction and after the introduction, the load amount indicated by the weight unit t, the movement distance indicated by km, and the converted environmental load value are indicated. The environmental effect before and after the introduction is indicated by the difference in environmental load values before and after the introduction.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of an office space template. In FIG. 13, the office space includes items such as environmental impact factors, pre-introduction indicating the usage (consumption) before introduction, post-introduction indicating the usage (consumption) after introduction, and introduction effects.

In the environmental load factor, there are work man-hours and the like as the space classification, and the basic unit is kg-CO ₂ for 1 m ² per year. This basic unit is acquired from the environmental load basic unit DB 41. Before and after the introduction, the man-hour indicating the number of persons required for one month, the space for one man-hour shown by 1 m ² , and the converted environmental load value are shown. The environmental effect before and after the introduction is indicated by the difference in environmental load values before and after the introduction.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a warehouse space template. In FIG. 14, the warehouse space includes items such as environmental impact factors, the introduction amount indicating the usage amount (consumption amount) before introduction, the introduction amount indicating the usage amount (consumption amount) after introduction, and the introduction effect.

In the environmental load factor, the space classification includes a warehouse, and kg-CO ₂ for 1 m ² per year is shown. This basic unit is acquired from the environmental load basic unit DB 41. Before the introduction and after the introduction, the usage amount shown by 1 m ² and the converted environmental load value are shown. The environmental effect before and after the introduction is indicated by the difference in environmental load values before and after the introduction.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of an IT / network device power consumption template. In FIG. 15, IT / network equipment power consumption includes items such as environmental impact factors, pre-introduction usage (consumption) before introduction, post-introduction usage (consumption) after introduction, and introduction effects. included.

In the environmental load factor, there is a server or the like as a model, and the basic unit is kg-CO ₂ per 1 kW per hour. This basic unit is acquired from the environmental load basic unit DB 41. Before and after the introduction, the power consumption indicated by the unit kW, the usage time indicated by the time unit, and the converted environmental load value are indicated. The environmental effect before and after the introduction is indicated by the difference in environmental load values before and after the introduction.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data communication amount template. In FIG. 16, the amount of data communication includes items such as environmental impact factors, pre-introduction indicating usage (consumption) before introduction, post-introduction indicating usage (consumption) after introduction, and introduction effects.

In the environmental load factor, the content of work includes transmission / reception data capacity, and the basic unit is kg-CO ₂ per 1 Mbyte. This basic unit is acquired from the environmental load basic unit DB 41. Before and after the introduction, the number of transmissions / receptions indicating the number of data communications per year, the average file capacity indicated by Mbytes, and the converted environmental load value are shown. The environmental effect before and after the introduction is indicated by the difference in environmental load values before and after the introduction.

  FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a waste amount template. In FIG. 17, the amount of waste includes items such as environmental impact factors, the introduction amount indicating the usage amount (consumption amount) before introduction, the introduction amount indicating the usage amount (consumption amount) after introduction, and the introduction effect.

  In the environmental load factor, there is paper or the like as the type of waste, and the weight conversion coefficient when converted into weight is shown. This weight conversion coefficient is acquired from the environmental load basic unit DB 41. Before the introduction and after the introduction, the usage amount indicated by the number of sheets and the weight converted value indicated by kg are shown. The environmental effect before and after the introduction is indicated by the difference in environmental load values before and after the introduction.

  FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a template of environmental load estimation data. In FIG. 18, in the environmental load estimation data template, the calculated environmental load value before introduction and the ratio (%) to the whole of the eight factors for each of the eight factors classified as having an influence on the environment, before and after the introduction. ) And the amount of change before and after introduction is shown for each factor.

  Next, a description will be given of an evaluation example in a service in which the slip processing work is digitized and automatically forwarded using the above-described software service environment evaluation processing according to the present invention.

  For various applications and approvals related to personnel and general affairs in the company, the applicant fills in the necessary items on the slips prepared in advance and obtains approval. By digitizing the information required from this application to voucher approval and bringing the voucher routing route online, the man-hours and speedup of office procedures for in-house applications can be reduced.

  The information that has been entered in the paper media so far is transmitted over the Internet, so the use of paper is reduced. Along with this, the storage space required for voucher storage for each application department is reduced. In addition, since the digitized information is automatically forwarded to the department in charge of approval, it is possible to reduce administrative man-hours and speed up the approval process, and it is possible to manage the data in a lump. Can reduce the office space required. For this reason, since consumption of the fuel and electric power required for an office air conditioning is suppressed, there exists an effect which reduces environmental impact.

  On the other hand, a mainframe computer that manages slip information, a Web server / application server (UNIX (registered trademark), IA server) that transmits templates, and a client personal computer are required. With the power consumption of these IT / network devices, the environmental load increases in the form of CO2 emissions. In addition, the Internet is used for information transmission, but energy and resources that are input to maintain the Internet infrastructure also increase the environmental load.

  In summary, the table shown in FIG. 19 is obtained.

  Referring to FIG. 19, the paper consumption, office work time, and power consumption before introduction are 0.4 t, 35 persons, and 0 kWh, respectively, and the paper consumption, office work time, and power consumption after introduction are respectively It can be seen that it was 0t, 24 people 2100kWh.

Next, FIG. 20 shows the results of evaluating CO2 emissions per year for a service that digitizes the slip processing work and automatically forwards it using the environmental load evaluation apparatus 100 of the present invention and the conventional evaluation apparatus. In FIG. 20, the unit is t-CO ₂ .

  Referring to FIG. 20, the evaluation results by the environmental load evaluation apparatus 100 of the present invention are 0.4, 40.0, 0, and 40.4, respectively, for paper consumption, office work time, and power consumption before introduction. After the introduction, the consumption of paper, the number of office work, and the power consumption are 0, 28.0, 1.4, and 29.4, respectively. On the other hand, the evaluation results by the conventional evaluation apparatus are paper consumption and power consumption of 0.4, 0, and 0.4, respectively, and after introduction, paper consumption and power consumption are 0, respectively. 1.4 and 1.4. Here, in the conventional evaluation apparatus, the office man-hour is not an evaluation target.

  CO2 emissions will increase due to the power consumption of IT / network equipment, etc. due to the use of IT in office processing. On the other hand, CO2 emissions have been reduced by reducing paper consumption and increasing the efficiency of paperwork. Summing up these CO2 emissions, it can be evaluated that the environmental load can be reduced from 40.4 t-CO2 before introduction to 29.4 t-CO2.

  On the other hand, looking at the evaluation results of the conventional environmental load evaluation device, the environmental load associated with the paperwork has not been evaluated, so the CO2 emissions before and after introduction are underestimated and accurate evaluation can be performed. Obviously not.

  As described above, according to the present invention, evaluation factors are classified into n factors (n is an integer of 1 or more) and evaluated, and environmental loads (CO2, NOx, SOx, etc.) before and after the introduction of software services are independent of each other. Is a trial calculation method for software service environmental impact assessment, characterized by recording the difference between before and after it as an effect. In the trial calculation process, evaluation is performed using a form called a template, and software service Extracting, classifying, and pointing out factors that lead to an increase or decrease in environmental impact by using, promoting improvement for each indicated item in the factor, and suggesting proposals for problem solving Evaluation is possible.

  In particular, it is evaluated by focusing on operational processes in the life cycle of software and services. Evaluating factors are 8 factors (consumption of goods, movement of people, movement of goods, office space, warehouse space, IT network equipment power consumption And CO2 (target: consumption of goods, amount of movement of people, amount of movement of goods, office space, warehouse space, IT network equipment power consumption) Volume, data communication volume) and weight (target: volume of waste) are estimated independently, and the difference between before and after is recorded as an effect. In the PDCA cycle, the template is used for evaluation, and the factors leading to the increase / decrease in environmental load are extracted and classified by using the software / service. In, prompting suggestions and improve the items of the improvement factor, it is to suggest an improvement proposal operation, to allow an accurate assessment than in consideration of the Secretary-man-hours.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently evaluate the environmental load before and after the introduction of a software service in a short time. In addition, it automatically and quickly calculates the environmental load associated with business processes before and after the introduction of software and services so that the magnitude of environmental load can be grasped in real time while planning and designing software and services. Thus, it is possible to provide an environmental load evaluation device that supports product design with a low environmental load.

Regarding the above description, the following items are further disclosed.
(Appendix 1)
Computer
A pre-introduction work man-hour acquisition procedure for obtaining the work man-hours related to paperwork before the introduction of software and services from users;
A post-introduction office man-hour acquisition procedure for acquiring office man-hours related to paper processing after the introduction of the software from the user;
A calculation procedure for calculating an environmental load value related to the paperwork by multiplying the number of paperwork by the environmental load unit per paperwork unit of the paperwork;
Evaluate the environmental impact of the paperwork before and after the introduction of the soft service by executing the calculation procedure on the environmental load basic unit before the introduction and the environmental load basic unit after the introduction. Environmental impact assessment method characterized by the fact that
(Appendix 2)
The calculation procedure consists of an office energy unit table showing the unit of energy consumed per unit area by office processing as an office energy unit, and an office space used in office processing performed by one person as an office man-hour unit. The environmental load basic unit per unit man-hour is calculated by multiplying the office energy basic unit and the office man-hour basic unit by using the office man-hour unit table shown in claim 1. Environmental impact assessment method.
(Appendix 3)
The office energy basic unit table shows a basic unit for each of a plurality of types of energy consumed per unit area,
The calculation procedure calculates the environmental load value by multiplying the consumption amount by the basic unit for each of the plurality of energy consumed per unit area used in the office input in advance. The environmental impact assessment method according to appendix 2, characterized in that the office energy consumption unit is obtained by obtaining a sum of environmental load values for the energy of the energy.
(Appendix 4)
An environmental impact assessment device that assesses the impact on the environment before and after the introduction of software services,
A pre-introduction work man-hour acquisition means for obtaining the man-hours related to the paperwork before the introduction of software and services from the user;
A post-introduction office man-hour acquisition means for acquiring office man-hours related to paper processing after the introduction of the software from the user;
A calculation means for calculating an environmental load value related to the paperwork is executed by multiplying the paperwork by the environmental load basic unit per the paperwork of the paperwork;
Evaluate the environmental impact of the paperwork before and after the introduction of the software service by executing the calculation means on the environmental load basic unit before the introduction and the environmental load basic unit after the introduction. An environmental impact assessment device characterized in that
(Appendix 5)
An office energy unit table showing the unit of energy consumed per unit area by paperwork as the office energy unit;
An office man-hour unit table showing the office space used in the paperwork performed by one person as an office man-hour unit,
The calculating means multiplies the office energy basic unit acquired from the office energy basic unit table by the office manpower basic unit acquired from the office man-hour basic unit table, thereby obtaining an environmental load basic unit per unit man-hour. The environmental impact assessment device as set forth in appendix 4, characterized by:
(Appendix 6)
The office energy basic unit table shows a basic unit for each of a plurality of types of energy consumed per unit area,
The calculation means calculates an environmental load value by multiplying the consumption amount by the basic unit for each of the plurality of energy consumed per unit area used in the office inputted in advance, The environmental impact assessment method according to appendix 5, characterized in that the office energy consumption unit is obtained by obtaining a sum of environmental load values for the energy of the energy.
(Appendix 7)
On the computer,
A pre-introduction work man-hour acquisition procedure for obtaining the work man-hours related to paperwork before the introduction of software and services from users;
A post-introduction office man-hour acquisition procedure for acquiring office man-hours related to paper processing after the introduction of the software from the user;
A calculation procedure for calculating the environmental load value related to the paperwork by multiplying the paperwork by the environmental load basic unit per unit work of the paperwork;
Evaluate the environmental impact of the paperwork before and after the introduction of the soft service by executing the calculation procedure on the environmental load basic unit before the introduction and the environmental load basic unit after the introduction. A computer-executable program characterized in that the program is executed.
(Appendix 8)
The calculation procedure consists of an office energy unit table showing the unit of energy consumed per unit area by office processing as an office energy unit, and an office space used in office processing performed by one person as an office man-hour unit. The environmental load basic unit per unit man-hour is calculated by multiplying the office energy basic unit and the office man-hour basic unit by using the office man-hour unit table shown in claim 7. A computer executable program.
(Appendix 9)
The office energy basic unit table shows a basic unit for each of a plurality of types of energy consumed per unit area,
The calculation procedure calculates the environmental load value by multiplying the consumption amount by the basic unit for each of the plurality of energy consumed per unit area used in the office input in advance. The computer-executable program as set forth in appendix 8, characterized in that the office energy consumption unit is obtained by calculating the sum of environmental load values for the energy of

  The present invention is not limited to the specifically disclosed embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the claims.

It is a figure which shows the hardware constitutions of the environmental influence evaluation apparatus which concerns on one Example of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the function structure of an environmental impact assessment apparatus. It is a figure which shows the data structure of the basic unit regarding the office space managed by environmental load basic unit DB. It is a flowchart figure for calculating the environmental load value of an office space. It is a flowchart figure for demonstrating the principle of an environmental influence evaluation process. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the environmental influence evaluation process in the case of setting the target soft service introduction effect. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the 1st process example in an environmental impact assessment process. It is a flowchart figure for demonstrating the 2nd process example in an environmental impact assessment process. It is a flowchart figure for demonstrating the 3rd process example in an environmental impact assessment process. It is a figure which shows the example of the template of the consumption of goods. It is a figure which shows the example of the template of a person's movement amount. It is a figure which shows the example of the template of the movement amount of an object. It is a figure which shows the example of the template of an office space. It is a figure which shows the example of the template of a warehouse space. It is a figure which shows the example of the template of IT and network equipment electric energy. It is a figure which shows the example of the template of data traffic. It is a figure which shows the example of the template of waste amount. It is a figure which shows the example of the template of environmental impact estimation data. It is a figure which shows the example of a slip process business. It is a figure which shows the example of the evaluation result in a slip process business.

Explanation of symbols

51 CPU
52 Memory Unit 53 Display Unit 54 Output Unit 55 Input Unit 56 Communication Unit 57 Storage Device 58 Driver 59 Storage Device

Claims (6)

Computer
A pre-introduction work man-hour acquisition procedure for obtaining the work man-hours related to paperwork before the introduction of software and services from users;
A post-introduction office man-hour acquisition procedure for acquiring office man-hours related to paper processing after the introduction of the software from the user;
For each before and after the introduction, a calculation procedure for calculating an environmental load value related to the paperwork by multiplying the paperwork by the environmental load basic unit per unit work of the paperwork ;
An evaluation procedure for evaluating the environmental impact of the paperwork before and after the introduction of the software service ;
The calculation procedure is as follows:
The office energy intensity unit is stored using the office energy intensity unit table in which the office energy intensity unit indicating the environmental load value per unit time is managed for each energy consumed in the office work stored in the storage area. A basic unit calculation procedure for calculating the basic unit of environmental load per unit administrative area by multiplying the energy consumption per hour,
Multiply the office man-hour by the office man-hour basic unit using the office man-hour basic unit table that stores the office man-hour basic unit indicating the office space used per worker, which is stored in the storage area. Space calculation procedure for calculating the space related to the office man-hours,
By multiplying the environmental load basic unit per unit office work area calculated by the office work unit calculation procedure by the space related to the office work time calculated by the space calculation procedure, the environmental load value of the office work time is calculated. Procedure for calculating the office environmental load value
An environmental impact assessment method characterized by comprising: The office energy intensity table manages the office energy intensity of a plurality of energy consumed per unit time ,
The office intensity calculation procedure calculates the environmental load value before each Symbol energy consumed per unit time used by the pre-entered office, by multiplying the office energy consumption to the consumption and, environmental impact assessment method according to claim 1, wherein that you obtaining the sum of the environmental load values for the plurality of energy. An environmental impact assessment device that assesses the impact on the environment before and after the introduction of software services,
A pre-introduction work man-hour acquisition means for obtaining the man-hours related to the paperwork before the introduction of software and services from the user;
A post-introduction office man-hour acquisition means for acquiring office man-hours related to paper processing after the introduction of the software from the user;
Calculation means for calculating the environmental load value related to the paperwork by multiplying the paperwork time by the environmental load intensity per paperwork unit manpower for each of the introduction before and after the introduction. And an evaluation means for evaluating the environmental impact of the paperwork before and after the introduction of the service ,
The calculating means includes
The office energy intensity unit is stored using the office energy intensity unit table in which the office energy intensity unit indicating the environmental load value per unit time is managed for each energy consumed in the office work stored in the storage area. An office unit calculation means for calculating an environmental load unit per unit office processing area by multiplying the energy consumption per hour;
Multiply the office man-hour by the office man-hour basic unit using the office man-hour basic unit table that stores the office man-hour basic unit indicating the office space used per worker, which is stored in the storage area. Space calculating means for calculating the space related to the office man-hour,
By multiplying the environmental load basic unit per unit office work area calculated by the office work unit calculating means by the space related to the office work time calculated by the space calculating means, the environmental load value of the office work number is obtained. Office environmental load value calculation means to calculate
An environmental impact assessment apparatus characterized by comprising:   The office energy intensity table manages the office energy intensity of a plurality of energy consumed per unit time,
  The business unit consumption calculation means calculates an environmental load value by multiplying the consumption amount by the business energy basic unit for each energy consumed per unit time used in a pre-input office. The environmental impact assessment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a sum of environmental load values is obtained for the plurality of energies.   On the computer,
  A pre-introduction work man-hour acquisition procedure for obtaining the work man-hours related to paperwork before the introduction of software and services from users;
  A post-introduction office man-hour acquisition procedure for acquiring office man-hours related to paper processing after the introduction of the software from the user;
  For each before and after the introduction, a calculation procedure for calculating an environmental load value related to the paperwork by multiplying the paperwork by the environmental load basic unit per unit work of the paperwork;
  An evaluation procedure for evaluating the environmental impact of the paperwork before and after the introduction of the software service;
  The calculation procedure is as follows:
  The office energy intensity unit is stored using the office energy intensity unit table in which the office energy intensity unit indicating the environmental load value per unit time is managed for each energy consumed in the office work stored in the storage area. A basic unit calculation procedure for calculating the basic unit of environmental load per unit administrative area by multiplying the energy consumption per hour,
  Multiply the office man-hour by the office man-hour basic unit using the office man-hour basic unit table that stores the office man-hour basic unit indicating the office space used per worker, which is stored in the storage area. Space calculation procedure for calculating the space related to the office man-hours,
  By multiplying the environmental load basic unit per unit office work area calculated by the office work unit calculation procedure by the space related to the office work time calculated by the space calculation procedure, the environmental load value of the office work time is calculated. Procedure for calculating the office environmental load value to be calculated
A computer-executable program characterized by comprising:   The office energy intensity table manages the office energy intensity of a plurality of energy consumed per unit time,
  The office unit consumption calculation procedure calculates an environmental load value by multiplying the consumption amount by the office energy intensity for each energy consumed per unit time used in a pre-input office. 6. The computer-executable program according to claim 5, wherein a sum of environmental load values is obtained for the plurality of energies.

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