JP4873806B2 - Silage additive - Google Patents

Description

【００３４】
表１に示したように、Ｄ区と比較して、Ａ区、Ｂ区及びＣ区では、ｐＨが低く、乳酸含量が多く、酪酸含量が少なく、揮発性塩基態窒素含量が少ない良質のサイレージが得られた。
【００３５】
試験例２
スーダングラス１番草を刈り取り、直ちに２〜３ｃｍに切断し、９００ｍＬ容のガラス容器に４００ｇを詰めた。細断した草材料１００重量部に対して実施例２で得られたポリフェノール化合物を０．８重量部添加した区をＡＡ区、１．５重量部添加した区をＢＢ区、３．１重量部添加した区をＣＣ区及び無添加の区をＤＤ区とし、２５℃の恒温室で３０日間埋蔵後に開封し、サイレージ品質を評価した。
【００３６】
サイレージ品質は、サイレージのｐＨ、乳酸含量、酪酸含量及び揮発性塩基態窒素を測定し、評価した。その結果を表２に示す。
【００３７】
【表２】

【００３８】
表２に示したように、ＤＤ区と比較して、ＡＡ区、ＢＢ区及びＣＣ区では、ｐＨが低く、乳酸含量が多く、酪酸含量が少なく、揮発性塩基態窒素含量が少ない良質のサイレージが得られた。
【００３９】
試験例３
エンバクを刈り取り、直ちに２〜３ｃｍに切断し、９００ｍＬ容のガラス容器に４００ｇを詰めた。細断した草材料１００重量部に対して実施例１で得られたポリフェノール化合物を２重量部添加した区をＡＡＡ区、４重量部添加した区をＢＢＢ区、８重量部添加した区をＣＣＣ区及び無添加の区をＤＤＤ区とし、２５℃の恒温室で３０日間埋蔵後に開封し、サイレージ品質を評価した。
【００４０】
サイレージ品質は、サイレージのｐＨ、乳酸含量、酪酸含量及び揮発性塩基態窒素を測定し、評価した。その結果を表３に示す。
【００４１】
【表３】

【００４２】
表３に示したように、ＤＤＤ区と比較して、ＡＡＡ区、ＢＢＢ区及びＣＣＣ区では、ｐＨが低く、乳酸含量が多く、酪酸含量が少なく、揮発性塩基態窒素含量が少ない良質のサイレージが得られた。
【００４３】
試験例４
エンバクを刈り取り、直ちに２〜３ｃｍに切断し、９００ｍＬ容のガラス容器に４００ｇを詰めた。細断した草材料１００重量部に対して実施例２で得られたポリフェノール化合物を０．８重量部添加した区をＡＡＡＡ区、１．５重量部添加した区をＢＢＢＢ区、３．１重量部添加した区をＣＣＣＣ区及び無添加の区をＤＤＤＤ区とし、２５℃の恒温室で３０日間埋蔵後に開封し、サイレージ品質を評価した。
【００４４】
サイレージ品質は、サイレージのｐＨ、乳酸含量、酪酸含量及び揮発性塩基態窒素を測定し、評価した。その結果を表４に示す。
【００４５】
【表４】

【００４６】
表４に示したように、ＤＤＤＤ区と比較して、ＡＡＡＡ区、ＢＢＢＢ区及びＣＣＣＣ区では、ｐＨが低く、乳酸含量が多く、酪酸含量が少なく、揮発性塩基態窒素含量が少ない良質のサイレージが得られた。
【００４７】
試験例５
スーダングラス１番草を刈り取り、直ちに２〜３ｃｍに切断し、９００ｍＬ容のガラス容器に４００ｇを詰めた。細断した草材料１００重量部に対して緑茶殻、紅茶殻又はウーロン茶殻をそれぞれ５部、１０重量部又は２０重量部添加し、よく混合した後に、ガラス容器に詰めた。各処理毎に３本詰め込み、２５℃の恒温室で３０日間埋蔵後に開封し、サイレージ品質を評価した。なお、使用した各種茶殻は、飲料工場から１週間以内に排出され、冷蔵（４℃）保存しておいたものを用いた。
【００４８】
サイレージ品質は、サイレージのｐＨ、乳酸含量、酪酸含量及び揮発性塩基態窒素を測定し、評価した。その結果を表５に示す。
【００４９】
【表５】

【００５０】
表５に示したように、各種茶殻無添加のサイレージと比較して、各種茶殻を添加した場合ではｐＨが低く、乳酸含量が多く、酪酸含量が少なく、揮発性塩基態窒素含量が少ない良質のサイレージが得られた。中でも、ｐＨは、緑茶殻を添加したサイレージが最も低くなり、次いでウーロン茶殻、紅茶殻の順であった。緑茶殻や高添加率のウーロン茶殻でｐＨが低くなった原因としては乳酸含量が高かったことが考えられる。また、これらのサイレージでは酪酸含量も低かった。一方、紅茶殻を添加したサイレージのｐＨは無添加区に比べやや低くなったが、他の茶殻添加区に比べ、乳酸含量が低く、酪酸含量が高かった。揮発性塩基態窒素の値は、いずれの茶殻添加区においても無添加区より低くなった。この原因として微生物による蛋白質の分解が抑えられたことと、各種茶殻に含まれていた蛋白質含量が高かったことの２つの原因が考えられる。
以上の結果より、スーダングラスサイレージへの茶殻の添加は、発酵品質を改善することが確認され、その効果には茶類による違いが見られた。
【００５１】
【発明の効果】
本発明のサイレージ添加剤をサイレージ調製の際に添加すると、ｐＨが低く、乳酸含量が多く、酪酸含量が少なく、揮発性塩基態窒素含量が低い、良質のサイレージを調製することが可能であることが明らかとなり、産業上の利用価値は多大であるといえる。
また、本発明のサイレージ添加剤は、食品添加物として認められているポリフェノール化合物であることから、安全性も確認され、かつ環境を汚染することのないものである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a silage additive for preparing high-quality silage.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is known that livestock feed such as pasture will rot if left untreated. For this reason, silage has long been prepared as a means for storing grass and the like. Silage is an anaerobic condition in which herbage is placed in an airtight container, promotes lactic acid fermentation, lowers the overall pH, suppresses the growth of spoilage and proteolytic bacteria, and enables long-term storage. is there. This is a storage method that is less affected by the weather at the time of preparation, and is suitable for rainy Japan, unlike the means of haying grass and the like. In order to prepare a high-quality silage, it is necessary to sufficiently carry out lactic acid fermentation to increase the lactic acid content in the silage and to lower the butyric acid content. When silage with poor quality, specifically low lactic acid content and high butyric acid content is fed to livestock, various diseases such as decreased palatability and diarrhea and ketosis occur, resulting in decreased productivity.
[0003]
Various attempts have been made so far to prepare high-quality silage. In particular, the additive added when preparing silage is examined. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-174343 discloses a technique for adding lactic acid bacteria and oligosaccharides to silage raw materials. Patent No. 3051900 discloses a cellulase preparation for silage prepared by mixing cellulase produced by Acremonium bacteria and cellulase produced by Trichoderma bacteria at a certain ratio, and silage using the same. Techniques relating to the preparation method are disclosed. However, these methods have been recognized in some cases where effective effects are not exhibited due to differences in the type of grass used and the environment for fermentation.
[0004]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-16561 discloses a technique for adding lactic acid bacteria and formic acid to a silage raw material. Japanese Patent No. 2548455 discloses a technique relating to a composition for preparing a silo stock, which comprises formic acid and octanoic acid. However, these techniques are problematic in that livestock materials are damaged by the formic acid used, the environment is destroyed, the preference is lowered, and the control of lactic acid fermentation is insufficient.
[0005]
For these reasons, it is desired to develop a technology related to silage additives that can be used to prepare environmentally friendly and high-quality silage.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a silage additive that is environmentally friendly and cannot be achieved by conventional techniques, and that can prepare a high-quality silage.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies from the viewpoint of preparing environmentally friendly and high-quality silage, the present inventors have found that the polyphenol compound exhibits the above-described effects, and have completed the present invention.
That is, the gist of the present invention is (+)-catechin, (+)-gallocatechin, (−)-gallocatechin gallate, (−)-epicatechin, (−)-epicatechin gallate, (−)-epigallocatechin. The present invention relates to a silage additive comprising one or more polyphenol compounds selected from the group consisting of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, theaflavin monogallate A, theaflavin monogallate B, and theaflavin digallate .
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, “silage additive” refers to an additive added to a silage raw material in order to prepare silage. The silage additive of the present invention is characterized by containing a polyphenol compound. In the present invention, by using such a polyphenol compound, an excellent effect that an environmentally friendly and high-quality silage can be prepared is exhibited. Moreover, the present invention is also excellent in that the above-described effects are exhibited regardless of the type of silage raw material and the difference in the environment for fermentation.
[0009]
Moreover, since the silage additive of this invention uses the polyphenol compound recognized as a food additive as mentioned above, there exists an advantage that safety | security is confirmed and does not pollute the environment.
[0010]
The polyphenol compound used in the present invention may be a plant extracted from camellia plants, cocoa, grape seeds, sweet potatoes, red wine, and the like, or a chemically synthesized product, and its production method is not particularly limited. In particular, when extracting from plants, camellia plants are preferred from the viewpoint of securing raw materials and the content of polyphenol compounds, and among the camellia plants, tea is particularly preferred and green tea is most preferred.
[0011]
Extracts from plants are obtained by solvent extraction with water, alcohol, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether or other organic solvents, steam distillation, pressing, oil adsorption, liquefied gas extraction, supercritical extraction or dry distillation. From the viewpoint of extraction efficiency, solvent extraction is preferred, and solvent extraction with water and ethyl acetate is most preferred. The extract obtained in this manner can be purified with an adsorbent resin, a filtration membrane, or the like, if necessary. For example, in the case of tea, it is possible to use a polyphenol compound obtained by extraction with ethyl acetate. In the case of green tea, (+)-catechin, (+)-gallocatechin, (−)-gallocatechin gallate, (−)-epicatechin, (−)-epicatechin gallate, (−)-epigaro from fresh or dried leaves Polyphenol compounds such as catechin, (−)-epigallocatechin gallate, theaflavin monogallate A, theaflavin monogallate B, and theaflavin digallate are extracted, and one or more of these polyphenol compounds can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use 1 or more types of (-)-gallocatechin gallate, (-)-epicatechin gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate from a viewpoint of content of the polyphenol compound contained in green tea. . When used alone, (+)-catechin, (+)-gallocatechin, (−)-gallocatechin gallate, (−)-epicatechin, (−)-epicatechin gallate, (−)-epigallocatechin, (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate, theaflavin monogallate A, theaflavin monogallate B or theaflavin digallate is preferred, more preferably (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, (-)-epicatechin gallate or (-)-gallo. Catechin gallate, most preferably (−)-epigallocatechin gallate.
[0012]
The amount of the silage additive of the present invention is preferably 0.001 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, and most preferably 0 to 100 parts by weight of the raw material to be silaged by wet weight. .015 parts by weight to 1 part by weight. The amount added is preferably 0.001 part by weight or more from the viewpoint of effectively preparing high-quality silage, and is preferably 10 parts by weight or less from the viewpoint of cost.
[0013]
In addition, the polyphenol compound used in the present invention is a composition for improving milk quality and increasing milk yield (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-107919), preventive and therapeutic agents for livestock (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-22643), and feed addition Technology (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-194315) is disclosed, and even after silage preparation, there is an advantage that it becomes a useful substance for livestock ingesting silage.
[0014]
Moreover, since the polyphenol compound is contained also about the extraction residue from the above-mentioned plant, you may use the extraction residue itself. For example, taking tea as an example, the extraction residue (so-called tea husk) produced when producing tea beverages for PET bottle beverages and can beverages contains the above-mentioned polyphenol compound, so these extraction residues In particular, it is preferable to use this extraction residue from the viewpoint of reducing industrial waste. Among these, green tea husk, black tea husk and oolong tea husk are more preferable from the viewpoint of the type of polyphenol compound, and green tea husk is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of excellent lactic acid fermentation promoting effect and butyric acid fermentation inhibiting effect.
[0015]
The silage preparation method using the silage additive is not particularly limited. For example, the method of adding a silage additive to the raw material for silage preparation, sealing, and storing a mixture for several days at constant temperature etc. is mentioned.
[0016]
The silage raw material for silage preparation in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a feed raw material that is usually used. Preferred are forage crops and food by-products such as legumes, grasses, warmland grass species, green-cutting forage crops, straws, root vegetables and crop by-product foliage. Legumes include alfalfa, red clover, white clover, radino clover, alcyclist clover, crimson clover, sweet clover, bird's foot trefil, vetch, centro, green leaf desmodium, glycine, rotononis, silatro, townsville stylo , Cowby and astragalus. Examples of grasses include Orchardgrass, Timothy, Perennial Ryegrass, Italian Ryegrass, Tall Fescue, Meadow Fescue, Kentucky Bluegrass, Smooth Bromgrass, Mountain Bromgrass, Red Top, Reed Canary Grass, Wheatgrass, and Oats. Warm grass type species include paragrass, baffel grass, bermuda grass, giant stargrass, barnyard grass, pangola grass, viennese ping love grass, theosinto, blue panic glass, colored guinea grass, kabrab grass, makarikari grass, guinea grass, Examples include Kisuzusumenohie, Kikuyu Grass, Pearl Millet, Ceria, Sorgo, Sudangrass, Corn, Rosegrass, Sugar millet, Bahiagrass, Darisgrass, Teosint and Napiergrass. Green-cutting crops include corn, sorghum and green-cutting wheat. Examples of the green wheat include barley, oats and rye. The straws include rice straw, wheat straw and bacas. Root vegetables include turnips, livestock beets, radish, carrots, potatoes, rutabacas, livestock turnips, livestock pumpkins, sunflowers, cucumbers, comfrey and sweet potatoes. Examples of crop by-product foliage include radish, turnip, carrot and beet foliage, kanshozuru and cabbage foliage, and peanut foliage. Food by-products are discarded during food manufacturing processes such as okara, tofu cake, bread crumbs, beer cake, shochu, sake lees, apple koji, mandarin juice lees, Kampo extract residues and natural bioactive substance extract residues Waste. Preferred are green-grown wheats and warmland grass species, and most preferred are oats and Sudangrass.
[0017]
In the present invention, the silage obtained using the silage additive is of good quality. In the present invention, high-quality silage refers to one that satisfies one or more conditions of low pH, high lactic acid content, low butyric acid content, and low volatile basic nitrogen content.
[0018]
A low silage pH means that it has excellent long-term storage properties because it inhibits the growth of spoilage bacteria and proteolytic bacteria. In the present invention, the pH of the prepared silage is preferably 5.0 or less, more preferably 4.5 or less, and most preferably 4.2 or less.
[0019]
The high lactic acid content of silage means that it is excellent in the effect of maintaining the palatability of animals that receive silage such as cows for a long period of time. In the present invention, the lactic acid content of the prepared silage is preferably 4.5% by weight or more in terms of dry matter, more preferably 5.0% by weight or more, and most preferably 5.4% by weight or more. The lactic acid content is preferably 15.0% by weight or less, and more preferably 13.0% by weight.
[0020]
A silage with a low butyric acid content means that it has an excellent effect of suppressing the occurrence of various diseases in animals that receive silage such as cows. In the present invention, the butyric acid content of the prepared silage is preferably 2.5% by weight or less in terms of dry matter, more preferably 2.0% by weight or less, and most preferably 1.8% by weight or less.
[0021]
The low content of volatile basic nitrogen in silage means that the growth of spoilage bacteria and proteolytic bacteria was suppressed. In the present invention, the volatile basic nitrogen content of the prepared silage is preferably 4.5% by weight or less in terms of dry matter, more preferably 4.0% by weight or less, and most preferably 3.8% by weight or less. .
[0022]
In addition, each value of pH, lactic acid content, butyric acid content, and volatile basic nitrogen content of the silage was measured by the method described in Examples described later.
[0023]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, it is not specifically limited only to an Example.
[0024]
Example 1
About 90 liters of water was added to 6 kg of green tea, stirred, and extracted at 80 ° C. for 3 hours. The extract obtained by filtration was spray-dried to obtain 2.4 kg of a polyphenol compound having a purity of 25.4%. The composition of the tannins obtained was as follows: (+)-catechin 1.2%, (+)-gallocatechin 5.0%, (+)-gallocatechin gallate 3.9%, (-)-epicatechin 2. 3%, (-)-epicatechin gallate 1.5%, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate 5.0%, and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate 6.1%.
[0025]
Example 2
About 90 liters of water was added to 6 kg of green tea, stirred, and extracted at 80 ° C. for 3 hours. The extract obtained by filtration was spray-dried to obtain 2.2 kg of a polyphenol compound having a purity of 25%. To this was added 10 liters of water and dissolved, followed by partitioning with ethyl acetate to obtain 800 g of an ethyl acetate-soluble fraction having a polyphenol content of 65%.
[0026]
The component composition of the obtained polyphenol compound was (+)-catechin 0.9%, (+)-gallocatechin 9.9%, (+)-gallocatechin gallate 4.9%, (-)-epicatechin 5.4%, (-)-epi. Catechin gallate was 7.5%, (−)-epigallocatechin 9.9% and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate 25.8%.
[0027]
Test example 1
The first grass of Sudanese grass was cut and immediately cut into 2 to 3 cm, and 400 g was packed in a 900 mL glass container. A section in which 2 parts by weight of the polyphenol compound obtained in Example 1 is added to 100 parts by weight of the shredded grass material is A section, a section in which 4 parts by weight is added is B section, and a group in which 8 parts by weight is added is C section. In addition, the non-added ward was designated as D ward, and was opened after being buried in a thermostatic chamber at 25 ° C. for 30 days, and the silage quality was evaluated.
[0028]
Silage quality was evaluated by measuring the silage pH, lactic acid content, butyric acid content and volatile basic nitrogen as follows (hereinafter the same). The results are shown in Table 1.
[0029]
[Method for measuring the silage pH]
After adding 200 mL of distilled water to 20 g of silage, it was homogenized for 1 minute. The resulting mixture was designated as No. It filtered with the filter paper of 2, and pH of the filtrate was measured with the pH meter. The detailed conditions of such measurement methods are described in Ohshima, M., Miyase, K., Nishino, N. and Yokota, H. 1991, Ruminal Acid Concentration of Goats Fed Hays and Silages Prepared from Italian Ryegrass and Its Pressed Cake Based on Asian Australian J. Anim. Sci. 4: 59-65.
[0030]
[Method for measuring the lactic acid content of silage]
After adding 200 mL of distilled water to 20 g of silage, it was homogenized for 1 minute. The resulting mixture was designated as No. The filtrate was filtered through No. 2 filter paper, and the lactic acid in the filtrate was colored with p-hydroxydiphenyl according to the Baker & Summerson method, and the absorbance (560 nm) was measured. The detailed conditions of such a measurement method were based on Barnett, AJG 1951, The Colorimetric Determination of Lactic Acid in Silage. Biochem. J. 49: 527-529.
[0031]
[Method for measuring the butyric acid content of silage]
After adding 200 mL of distilled water to 20 g of silage, it was homogenized for 1 minute. The resulting mixture was designated as No. Filter through 2 filter paper. Concentrated sulfuric acid (1 mL) was added to the filtrate (25 mL), and after steaming, steam distillation was performed to obtain a fraction (200 mL). 1N NaOH was added to 200 mL fraction and then evaporated to dryness. The evaporated product was dissolved in sulfuric acid and extracted with ether to obtain an ether extract. This ether extract was subjected to gas chromatography under the conditions shown below, and n-butyric acid was quantified to obtain butyric acid content. The detailed conditions of the measurement method were based on Ohshima, M. 1982, The Fate of Nucleic Acid Bases in Ladino Clover during Ensilage. J. Jpn. Grassl. Sci. 28: 302-309. Gas chromatography condition detector: Flame ionization detector (FID)
Column: 1.5 mm × 3 m Glass column Liquid phase: 25% FAL-M (trade name, manufactured by Shimadzu GLC)
Carrier: 80-100 mesh Chromosorb W (trade name, manufactured by Shimadzu GLC)
Inlet temperature: 200 ° C
Column temperature: 145 ° C
Detector temperature: 200 ° C
Carrier gas: Nitrogen flow rate: 40 mL / min
[0032]
[Method for measuring volatile basic nitrogen in silage]
After adding 200 mL of distilled water to 20 g of silage, it was homogenized for 1 minute. The resulting mixture was designated as No. Filter through 2 filter paper. 0.1M boric acid-NaOH buffer solution (pH 9.5) is added to 5 mL of the filtrate, and the pH is adjusted to 9.5 to convert volatile basic nitrogen to ammonia, followed by steam distillation to obtain a fraction. It was. The ammonia in the fraction was titrated with 0.01N sulfuric acid. The volatile basic nitrogen content was calculated from the titration value. The detailed conditions of the measurement method were based on Ohshima, M. 1982, The Fate of Nucleic Acid Bases in Ladino Clover during Ensilage. J. Jpn. Grassl. Sci. 28: 302-309.
[0033]
[Table 1]

[0034]
As shown in Table 1, high-quality silage with low pH, high lactic acid content, low butyric acid content and low volatile basic nitrogen content in A, B and C compared to D was gotten.
[0035]
Test example 2
The first grass of Sudanese grass was cut and immediately cut into 2 to 3 cm, and 400 g was packed in a 900 mL glass container. The section where 0.8 parts by weight of the polyphenol compound obtained in Example 2 is added to 100 parts by weight of the shredded grass material is AA, the section where 1.5 parts by weight is added, BB, 3.1 parts by weight The added ward was designated as CC ward and the non-added ward as DD ward, and after opening for 30 days in a thermostatic chamber at 25 ° C., the silage quality was evaluated.
[0036]
Silage quality was evaluated by measuring silage pH, lactic acid content, butyric acid content and volatile basic nitrogen. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0037]
[Table 2]

[0038]
As shown in Table 2, high-quality silage with low pH, high lactic acid content, low butyric acid content and low volatile basic nitrogen content in the AA, BB and CC zones compared to the DD zone was gotten.
[0039]
Test example 3
The oat was cut and immediately cut into 2 to 3 cm, and 400 g was packed into a 900 mL glass container. The section in which 2 parts by weight of the polyphenol compound obtained in Example 1 is added to 100 parts by weight of the shredded grass material is AAA section, the section in which 4 parts by weight is added is BBB section, and the section in which 8 parts by weight is added is CCC section. In addition, the non-added section was designated as DDD section, and was opened after being buried in a thermostatic chamber at 25 ° C. for 30 days, and the silage quality was evaluated.
[0040]
Silage quality was evaluated by measuring silage pH, lactic acid content, butyric acid content and volatile basic nitrogen. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0041]
[Table 3]

[0042]
As shown in Table 3, high quality silage with lower pH, higher lactic acid content, lower butyric acid content and lower volatile basic nitrogen content in AAA, BBB and CCC compared to DDD was gotten.
[0043]
Test example 4
The oat was cut and immediately cut into 2 to 3 cm, and 400 g was packed into a 900 mL glass container. A group in which 0.8 parts by weight of the polyphenol compound obtained in Example 2 is added to 100 parts by weight of the shredded grass material is a AAAA group, a group in which 1.5 parts by weight is added is a BBBB group, and 3.1 parts by weight. The added zone was designated CCCC zone and the non-added zone was DDDD zone, and after 30 days storage in a thermostatic chamber at 25 ° C., the product was opened and the silage quality was evaluated.
[0044]
Silage quality was evaluated by measuring silage pH, lactic acid content, butyric acid content and volatile basic nitrogen. The results are shown in Table 4.
[0045]
[Table 4]

[0046]
As shown in Table 4, high-quality silage with low pH, high lactic acid content, low butyric acid content and low volatile basic nitrogen content in AAAA, BBBB and CCCC compared to DDDD was gotten.
[0047]
Test Example 5
The first grass of Sudanese grass was cut and immediately cut into 2 to 3 cm, and 400 g was packed in a 900 mL glass container. 5 parts, 10 parts by weight, or 20 parts by weight of green tea husk, black tea husk or oolong tea husk were added to 100 parts by weight of the shredded grass material, mixed well, and then packed into a glass container. Three bottles were packed for each treatment, opened in a constant temperature room at 25 ° C. for 30 days, and opened to evaluate the silage quality. In addition, the used various tea husks were discharged from the beverage factory within one week and stored refrigerated (4 ° C.).
[0048]
Silage quality was evaluated by measuring silage pH, lactic acid content, butyric acid content and volatile basic nitrogen. The results are shown in Table 5.
[0049]
[Table 5]

[0050]
As shown in Table 5, compared to silage with no addition of various tea husks, when the various tea husks are added, the pH is low, the lactic acid content is high, the butyric acid content is low, and the volatile basic nitrogen content is low. Silage was obtained. Above all, the silage with the addition of green tea husk was lowest, followed by oolong tea husk and black tea husk. The cause of the low pH in green tea husks and oolong tea husks with a high addition rate may be due to high lactic acid content. These silages also had a low butyric acid content. On the other hand, the pH of the silage to which black tea husk was added was slightly lower than that in the non-added group, but the lactic acid content was lower and the butyric acid content was higher than in the other tea husk added groups. The value of volatile basic nitrogen was lower in any tea husk addition group than in the non-addition group. There are two possible causes for this, namely, the suppression of protein degradation by microorganisms and the high protein content contained in various tea leaves.
From the above results, it was confirmed that the addition of tea husk to Sudangrass silage improved fermentation quality, and the effect was different depending on teas.
[0051]
【Effect of the invention】
When the silage additive of the present invention is added during silage preparation, it is possible to prepare a high-quality silage with low pH, high lactic acid content, low butyric acid content, and low volatile basic nitrogen content. It becomes clear, and it can be said that the industrial utility value is great.
Moreover, since the silage additive of this invention is a polyphenol compound recognized as a food additive, safety is also confirmed and it does not pollute the environment.

Claims (2)

(+)-Catechin, (+)-gallocatechin, (−)-gallocatechin gallate, (−)-epicatechin, (−)-epicatechin gallate, (−)-epigallocatechin, (−)-epigallocatechin A silage additive comprising one or more polyphenol compounds selected from the group consisting of gallate, theaflavin monogallate A, theaflavin monogallate B, and theaflavin digallate .   The silage additive according to claim 1, wherein the polyphenol compound is derived from a camellia plant.