JP4878611B2 - Cultivation method of moss - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating moss, and in particular, to a method for collecting a part of a plant body of moss as a seedling and cultivating the moss from this seedling.

  Moss maintains life through harsh environments in which other plants die, especially when it is depleted or under climate change, and because it does not require soil for growth, and by applying fertilizers and pesticides. Because it has various advantageous features such as the feature that it is not necessary to plan and the feature that special care is not necessary, it is being sought to use it as a plant for greening with less environmental impact instead of grass and other plants. . For example, in Patent Document 1, a greening substrate using moss has already been proposed.

  However, since moss grows very slowly in the natural environment, it is necessary to cultivate it in large quantities in a short time in order to promote its use as a plant for greening, and methods for that are being studied.

  As a method for cultivating moss, Non-Patent Document 1 describes a method using an inorganic culture solution or an organic culture solution. Inorganic cultures used here are ammonium salts (nitrates, sulfates and phosphates, etc.), alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium and calcium (nitrates, sulfates and chlorides, etc.), alkalis such as potassium and sodium, etc. Inorganic salts such as metal salts (such as nitrates, sulfates, phosphates and chlorides) and iron salts (such as sulfates, chlorides and citrates) are dissolved in water. On the other hand, the organic culture solution is obtained by appropriately adding sugar (sucrose or glucose), yeast extract, coconut milk, various growth substances (plant hormones) and amino acids to the inorganic culture solution. However, since this method relates to a culture method for the purpose of researching moss, it is insufficient as a method for cultivating moss used as a planting plant in terms of growth rate and mass productivity. Moreover, this method may kill moss depending on the kind of moss, and the range of cultivatable moss is limited.

Japanese Patent No. 2863987 Laboratory Biology Course 1, Biomaterial Preparation Method, Nobuo Egami, Yasuyuki Katsumi, Maruzen Co., Ltd., May 1982, pp. 223-226

  An object of the present invention is to enable mass production of moss, which is a kind of moss, in a short period of time.

  The method for cultivating moss according to the present invention includes a step of collecting a part of a plant body of moss as a seedling and arranging the seedling on the surface of the substrate, and manganese, strontium and nickel with respect to the substrate on which the seedling is arranged. And a step of growing seedlings by applying a culture solution containing each of these elements.

  In this cultivation method, the culture solution is sprayed and applied to the substrate, for example. In this cultivation method, the substrate is usually placed in a dark environment where natural light is substantially blocked at the stage until the seedlings arranged on the substrate germinate, and after that, in a bright environment that can be irradiated with natural light. Place the substrate.

  A method for producing a greening material according to the present invention includes a step of collecting a part of a plant body of moss as a seedling, placing the seedling on the surface of the base material, manganese, strontium and And applying a culture solution containing each element of nickel to grow seedlings.

  A substrate that can be used in this manufacturing method is, for example, a tile carpet.

  In the method for cultivating moss according to the present invention, seedlings collected from plants of moss are arranged on the surface of the base material, and the seedlings are grown using a specific culture solution. Can be mass produced.

  The method for producing a greening material according to the present invention uses seedlings and seedlings collected from moss plants on the surface of the base material and grows the seedlings and seedlings using a specific culture solution. Possible greening materials can be mass-produced in a short time.

  The object of the cultivation method of the present invention is a part of the moss that collectively refers to the moss plants. The moss is roughly divided into three types: mosses, mosses (eg, genus moss), and hornworts, but moss has a main cell-like group of cells called middle cocoons on the leaves. This feature is distinguished from moss and hornwort. In the present invention, moss is targeted for cultivation because moss is more resistant to drying than moss and hornwort and is suitable as a plant for greening, particularly a plant for greening in urban areas where watering is difficult.

  The moss to be cultivated is not particularly limited. Bird.) et Mohr), Anemone moss, Shippogoke, Oshippogoke, Chasippogoke, Chishima Shippogoke, Aoshima pokeoke, Namishima pokeoke, Nagasippokegoke, Himekajigoke, Komodojigoke, Takane mosquito, Fuji Shippo genus (Dicranum Hedw.) Such as Poppo moss, Key sword moss, Eggplant poke, etc And genus Hypw (Hypnum Hedw.), Cypress genus (Rhizogonium Brid.), And the like.

  Among these, the genus Pleurotus such as Snagoke is particularly strong against direct sunlight and has no fallen leaves, so it is particularly suitable for greening and has an excellent ability to fix carbon dioxide.

  In the cultivation method of the present invention, first, a part of moss plants growing naturally in a mountainous area, a riverbed or the like is collected as a seedling. The seedlings that need to be collected here are not limited to the plant part of the moss, but are usually the tip of the plant body (gametophyte). The seedlings may be leaves only or leaves containing stems. The target seedling can be collected by picking a part of the moss that grows naturally or by cutting a part of the moss with a knife or the like. In addition, since moss is often clustered, a large amount of seedlings can be efficiently collected by cutting the tip of the moss using a clipper or the like in the manner of lawn mowing. In addition, wild moths are not likely to die even if seeds and seedlings are collected by these methods, but rather their activity is increased and reproduction is often promoted. Therefore, even if seeds and seedlings are collected for the cultivation method of the present invention from native moss, the natural environment is hardly damaged.

  Moreover, in the cultivation method of this invention, a part of plant body of the moss cultivated by the cultivation method of this invention or another cultivation method can also be used as a seedling.

  Next, the collected seedlings are placed on the surface of the substrate. The base material used here is not limited in material, for example, organic or inorganic fibers (for example, woven fabric or non-woven fabric), wood material, paper, resin, rubber, stone, concrete, metal, glass and It consists of various materials such as ceramics. In addition, the surface of the base material on which the seedlings are fixed may be porous or smooth. Furthermore, the shape of the base material can be set to various shapes such as a plate shape and a block shape. For example, when using the base material which has the cultivated camellia on the surface as it is as a greening material, the base material can be set to various shapes adapted to the purpose of use of the greening material.

  As a method of arranging seeds and seedlings on the surface of the substrate, a method of simply arranging seedlings and seedlings on the surface of the substrate (Method 1) or a method of fixing seedlings and seedlings on the surface of the substrate using an adhesive (Method 2) ) Can be adopted. In the case of Method 1, in order to prevent the arranged seedlings from scattering, a sheet having air permeability and water permeability may be arranged on the surface of the base so as to cover the arranged seedlings. The sheet used here is preferably a net-like sheet having a degree that does not inhibit germination from seedlings. As the net-like sheet, for example, the trade name “Dio Sunshine 9010” (medium: about 2 mm × 2 mm) of Dio Kasei Co., Ltd. used as an insect repellent net can be mentioned. Method 1 is usually employed in the case where the seedlings are easily held by the temporary roots grown from the seedlings, that is, the substrate has a porous surface. Examples of the adhesive that can be used in the case of the method 2 include glue, silicone resin adhesive, acrylic resin adhesive, and epoxy resin adhesive. Method 2 is usually employed in the case of a substrate having a smooth surface.

In this step, it is preferable that the seedlings are evenly arranged so as to be scattered at an appropriate interval or density on the surface of the substrate according to the kind of moss. For example, in the case of snail seedlings, a seedling having a size (length) of about 5 to 20 mm is selected, and the seedlings are arranged on the surface of the base member at equal intervals at a rate of about 80 to 150/10 cm ² . Is preferred. Further, in the case of the seedlings of Haigoke, the seedlings having a size (length) of about 30 to 70 mm are selected, and these seedlings are arranged on the surface of the base material at equal intervals of about 5 to 10 pieces / 10 cm ² . Is preferred.

  A plant hormone agent can also be applied in advance to the seedlings to be placed on the substrate. Although various commercially available plant hormone agents can be used, plant growth hormone agents such as auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin, particularly gibberellin is preferably used. In addition, since the plant hormone agent to apply may wither seeds and seedlings when it is high concentration, it is preferable to set to low concentration.

  Next, the substrate is placed, and seedlings are grown while applying a culture solution containing each element of manganese, strontium, and nickel to the substrate. The culture solution used here is an aqueous solution containing elements necessary for plant growth, that is, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium as essential components, and further containing each element of manganese, strontium and nickel.

  In this culture solution, essential elements of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium are usually contained in the culture solution as salts or chelates such as ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate. Further, each element of manganese, strontium and nickel is also contained in the culture solution as a salt or a chelate. Examples of the salt of each element that can be used here include organic salts such as nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, chloride, and oxalic acid. Two or more kinds of salts of each element may be used in combination. On the other hand, as a chelating agent that forms a chelate of each element, for example, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid can be used.

  Moreover, the culture solution may contain a salt of an element other than the above elements used in a culture solution for culturing bryophytes. Examples of salts of elements other than the above elements include alkaline earth metals such as magnesium and calcium, alkali metals such as sodium and nitrates such as iron, sulfates, phosphates and chlorides. Furthermore, the culture solution may contain salts of other elements, such as nitrates, sulfates, phosphates, chlorides and silicates of aluminum, zinc and copper.

  The concentration of each element of manganese, strontium and nickel in the culture solution is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferable to set the concentration in terms of element to 0.01 to 100 mg / l, preferably 0.1 to 50 mg / l. More preferably, it is set to l. If the concentration of each element exceeds 100 mg / l, germination and growth of seedlings may be lost.

  The method of applying the above-mentioned culture solution to the substrate is not particularly limited as long as it can set the seedlings and seedlings arranged on the surface of the substrate in a wet state with the culture solution. A method of immersing the substrate in the culture solution to such an extent that the surface of the material is wet (application method 1), or a method of spraying the culture solution on the substrate periodically, for example, every week or every month ( Application method 2) can be adopted. In the case of the application method 1, since the culture solution gradually decreases due to absorption or evaporation to the base material or seedling, and the component concentration fluctuates, the culture solution or water is appropriately added so that the above concentration is maintained. preferable. At this time, the culture solution or water can be added by appropriately spraying the culture solution or water onto the substrate. On the other hand, in the case of the application method 2, since it is necessary to maintain the wet state of the surface of the base material by the culture solution, it is periodically performed, for example, every several hours or every day during the period when the culture solution is not sprayed. Further, it is preferable to spray water on the substrate.

  In addition, the application method of the culture solution is preferably based on the application method 2 because seeds and seedlings usually easily take up oxygen in the atmosphere.

  The various seedlings arranged on the base material are nourished from the culture solution applied to the base material, germinate and grow. Here, the various seedlings grow mainly in the height direction for a while after germination, but gradually grow in the plane direction by branching or releasing spores. As a result, the substrate is in a state where mosses are densely grown on the entire surface where the seedlings are arranged.

  In the present invention, since the culture solution containing the above-mentioned specific element is used, the growth rate of the seedlings on the base material can be effectively increased, and moss can be mass-produced in a short time. it can. By the way, when the seedling seedling of Snagoga is cultivated by the method of the present invention, it takes about 3 weeks to grow about 5 mm in the height direction. This means that Snagoke grows 5 mm in the height direction in a natural environment. According to the fact that it takes about 6 months, the growth rate is about 8 times.

  In the growth process of the seedlings arranged on the base material, it is preferable to transmit ultrasonic waves toward the base material. In this case, the seedlings are activated by receiving ultrasonic waves, and germination and growth of the seedlings, in particular, germination are effectively promoted, so that moss can be mass-produced in a shorter time.

  The ultrasonic wave used here usually has a frequency of 10 to 50 kHz, preferably 20 to 40 kHz. Such ultrasonic waves can be transmitted toward the substrate by using a commercially available ultrasonic transmitter or audio system. At this time, the voltage (peak-to-peak voltage) input to the piezoelectric element or the speaker is preferably set to 5 to 100V, more preferably 10 to 50V. Transmission of ultrasonic waves toward the substrate may be performed continuously over the entire seedling raising period, or may be performed intermittently by repeating transmission and stop at regular intervals.

  In addition, when employ | adopting the application method 1 of a culture solution, an ultrasonic wave can also be transmitted toward a base material by propagating in a culture solution. However, if cavitation occurs, the cultivated moss may die, so it is necessary to adjust the output of the ultrasonic wave so that cavitation does not occur.

  In the cultivation method of the present invention, the step of growing the seedlings arranged on the substrate is an environment in which the photosynthesis of the seedlings is not hindered, for example, a bright environment that is irradiated with natural light, preferably 15 to 28 ° C., particularly preferably Is preferably carried out by placing the substrate in a temperature environment of about 18 to 25 ° C. The bright environment here may be an environment in which part of natural light is shielded. The degree of shading can be set according to the type of moss. For example, the shading rate can be set to 5 to 55% in the case of snags, and the shading rate can be set to 40 to 70% in the case of higoke. However, in the initial stage until the seedlings germinate, it is preferable to place the base material in a dark environment where natural light is substantially blocked, in particular, in a dark environment where natural light is blocked by 75 to 95%. If it does in this way, germination of seedlings is promoted, and moss can be cultivated in a shorter period of time. In particular, when the above-mentioned ultrasonic wave is transmitted toward a base material placed in a dark environment, germination of seedlings is further promoted, and cultivation efficiency of moss can be increased.

  The moss cultivated by the cultivation method of the present invention may be used separately from the base material, or may be used as it is disposed on the base material. For example, when a material having a smooth surface, such as glass or metal, is used as the substrate, the grown moss can be easily peeled off from the surface of the substrate. Since the moss separated from the base material in this way can be arranged directly on the soil surface, it can be used for purposes such as soil greening and landscaping. On the other hand, when a material having a porous surface is used as the base material, the grown moss often entangles with the surface of the base material and is stably held, so various greening materials such as the rooftop of a building, It can be used as it is as a material for greening outer wall surfaces, road side walls, road median strips, river revetments and slopes. Therefore, the cultivation method of moss according to the present invention is also a method for producing a greening material at the same time.

  When the base material on which mosses are grown is used as a greening material as it is, it is preferable to use a tile carpet, particularly a used waste tile carpet, as the base material in the cultivation method or production method of the present invention. A tile carpet is usually a fiber layer laminated on the surface of a polyvinyl chloride resin sheet layer. Therefore, when seedlings are placed and grown on the fiber layer side, moss tends to be densely grown on the entire surface of the fiber layer. . And since this greening material has shape stability and flexibility, and is lightweight, it can plan greening, without applying a big load and load with respect to a greening target object. In addition, since the polyvinyl chloride resin sheet layer has a light-shielding property, this greening material can suppress the growth of weeds from the soil when applied to the soil surface, thereby achieving effective soil greening by mosses. .

  The waste tile carpet usually separates the polyvinyl chloride resin sheet layer and the fiber layer, and both are separately disposed of or recycled, but when used in the method for producing a greening material of the present invention, as described above. It can be efficiently recycled as a meaningful greening material.

  Since the moss cultivated by the cultivation method of the present invention absorbs each element of manganese, strontium and nickel contained in the culture solution, the content of these elements is at least when compared with the seedlings used in cultivation. 10 times.

  Moreover, the moss cultivated by the cultivation method of the present invention can give a physical and mental calming action (stress calming action) to humans and animals. Since the cultivated moss has a high content of manganese, strontium and nickel, it is considered that these elements have some involvement in the stress calming action.

  The tap water used in the following Examples and Comparative Examples is obtained by leaving the tap water of Hashima City, Gifu Prefecture, and removing the chalk.

Example 1
The tip of the snail that grows naturally on the riverbed of the Kiso River was cut and many seedlings having a size (length) of about 5 to 8 mm were collected. This seedling was fixed on the surface of a plate-shaped ground glass to prepare a seedling fixing base material. Here, seedlings were fixed on the surface of ground glass using a silicone-based adhesive at a rate of about 100 pieces / 10 cm ² .

On the other hand, calcium nitrate (Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O), sodium silicate (Na ₄ SiO ₄ ), ferrous chloride (FeCl ₂ .4H ₂ O), magnesium sulfate (MgSO ₄ .7H ₂ O), potassium dihydrogen phosphate _(KH 2 _PO 4), manganese sulfate _{(MnSO 4 · 4H 2 O)} , nickel nitrate _{(Ni (NO 3) 2 ·} 6H 2 O), strontium sulfate (SrSO _4), copper sulfate (CuSO ₄ · _5H 2 O), aluminum nitrate _{(Al (NO 3) 3 ·} 9H 2 O), zinc chloride (ZnCl ₂₎ and potassium nitrate (KNO ₃₎ was dissolved in pure water, in terms of element each element shown in Table 1 A culture solution containing the concentrations shown in the table was prepared.

Next, the seedlings were wetted by spraying the culture solution uniformly on the surface of the seedling fixing substrate. This seedling and seedling fixing substrate was placed in a dark environment at 15 to 20 ° C. where 90% of natural light was shielded, and the culture solution was sprayed at a rate of about 0.1 l / m ² , and then placed for 5 days. Subsequently, the seedling-fixing base material was moved to a bright environment at 18 to 25 ° C. where 50% of natural light was shielded, and left for 38 days while spraying the culture solution at a rate of about 0.1 l / m ² once a week. During such cultivation period, tap water was sprayed once a day in a time zone in which the culture solution was not sprayed to maintain the wet state of the seedlings.

Comparative Example 1
Seedlings were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that only tap water was sprayed on the seedling-fixing base material once a day instead of the culture solution.

Comparative Example 2
Calcium nitrate (Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O), potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), magnesium sulfate (MgSO ₄ .7H ₂ O) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH ₂ PO ₄ ) are dissolved in pure water, A culture solution containing each element shown in Table 1 at the concentration in the same table in terms of element was prepared. This culture solution is shown in the table on page 224 of "Experimental Biology Course 1, Biomaterial Preparation Method, Nobuo Egami, Katsumi Masayuki, Maruzen Co., Ltd., May 1982" (Non-Patent Document 1 mentioned above). It corresponds to the described Pringsheim solution used for culturing protozoa. Seedlings were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this culture solution was used as the culture solution.

Evaluation A
The following items were evaluated for the seedlings grown in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
(Number of germination)
The results of examining the number of germination from the seedlings during cultivation over time are shown in FIG. The number of germinations on the 26th day from the start of cultivation was 216 in Example 1, 151 in Comparative Example 1, and 20 in Comparative Example 2. The germination number in Example 1 was outstanding.
(Growth situation)
When the height of the seedlings grown on ground glass after 43 days from the start of cultivation was measured, Example 1 was about 11 mm, while Comparative Example 1 was about 5 mm, and Comparative Example 2 was about 1 mm. . From this result, it can be seen that in Example 1, seedlings grew faster than Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

(Analysis of elements contained in shoots)
Only 150 shoots grown from the seedling-fixing base were collected, soaked in pure water for 24 hours, and then filtration and washing of the shoots were repeated three times. Table 2 shows the results of quantifying the elements contained in the shoots treated in this way using a fluorescent X-ray analyzer (trade name “RIX3100”, manufactured by Rigaku Corporation). Table 2 also shows the results of quantifying the elements contained in the seedlings collected in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 in the same manner. In addition, since the sprout of the comparative example 2 had few germination numbers, this analysis was not able to be performed. According to Table 2, the concentration of each element of manganese, nickel, and strontium of the sprout of Example 1 is at least 10 times that of seedlings.

Example 2
A large number of seedlings having a size (length) of about 50 to 70 mm were collected by cutting off the tip of the moss that grows naturally on the riverbed of the Kiso River. The seedlings were placed on the surface of the "Bolans 4051N" nonwoven (Toyobo Co., Ltd. made of polyester resin fibers, creating the seedlings anchoring substrate. Here, seedlings at the rate of 6/10 cm approximately ² on the surface of the nonwoven fabric Arranged.

On the other hand, calcium sulfate (Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O), ferrous chloride (FeCl ₂ ), magnesium sulfate (MgSO ₄ .7H ₂ O), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH ₂ PO ₄ ), sulfuric acid Manganese (MnSO ₄ .4H ₂ O), nickel nitrate (Ni (NO ₃ ) ₂ .6H ₂ O), strontium sulfate (SrSO ₄ ), zinc chloride (ZnCl ₂ ) and potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) are dissolved in pure water. A culture solution containing each element shown in Table 3 at the concentration in the same table in terms of element was prepared.

Next, the seedlings were wetted by spraying the culture solution uniformly on the surface of the seedling fixing substrate. The seedling-fixing base material was placed in a dark environment at 15 to 20 ° C. where 85% of natural light was shielded, and the culture solution was sprayed at a rate of about 0.1 l / m ² , and then placed for 5 days. Subsequently, the seedling and seedling fixing substrate was moved to a bright environment of 18 to 25 ° C. where 65% of natural light was shielded, and left for 60 days while spraying the culture solution once a week at a rate of about 0.1 l / m ² . During the cultivation period, tap water was sprayed once a day in a time zone in which the culture solution was not sprayed to maintain the wet state of the seedlings.

Comparative Example 3
Seedlings were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 2, except that only tap water was sprayed on the seedling-fixing base material once a day instead of the culture solution.

Evaluation B
The following items were evaluated for the seedlings grown in Example 2 and Comparative Example 3.
(Growth situation)
The results of examining the number of germination from seedlings during cultivation over time are shown in FIG. According to FIG. 2, the number of germination in Example 2 increased sharply from the time when 20 days passed from the start of cultivation, and the number of germination at the time of 29 days passed was compared with that in Example 2 being 304. Example 3 was 204.

(Analysis of elements contained in shoots)
Only 80 shoots grown from the seedling-fixing base were collected, and the elements contained in the shoots were quantified in the same manner as in Evaluation A. The results are shown in Table 4. Table 4 also shows the results of quantifying the elements contained in the seedlings collected in Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 in the same manner. According to Table 4, the concentration of each element of manganese, nickel, and strontium of the sprout of Example 2 is at least 10 times that of seedlings.

(Stress calming action 1)
On the second floor of the experimental house built on the site of the National University Corporation Iwate University Faculty of Engineering Department of Welfare System Engineering, the length direction is 2,000 mm long, 1,500 mm wide, and 2,000 mm high (both internal dimensions) An experimental room having an entrance portion was set up at one end of each. A cushion is placed in the center of the experimental room, and eight seedling-fixing substrates cultivated in Example 2 are laid in a 500 × 350 × 50 mm basket container except for the entrance portion on the floor around the cushion. Arranged. In addition, 10 pieces of high moss peeled from the seedling-fixing base material cultivated in Example 2 in a height position of 600 mm from the floor and filled in a container having a diameter of 150 mm were arranged at equal intervals.

Using 14 students from the above department as subjects, the stress fluctuations before and after using the experimental house were examined. Here, the stress in the following four stages was measured using a stress degree measuring device (“COCORO METER” manufactured by Nipro Corporation).
A: Immediately before the start of the survey B: After 10 minutes reading outside the experimental house following A C: After 10 minutes reading inside the experimental house following B D: After 10 minutes reading outside the experimental house following C

The results are shown in Table 5. Further, FIG. 3 shows a graph of the stress values in Table 5. The relationship between the measured stress value and the stress is as follows.
0-30: No stress 31-45: There is a little stress 46-60: There is stress 61 or more: There is a large stress The column of “Stress suppression effect” in Table 5 is when the stress value is 30 or less in the A stage Was determined as “Not determined”.

  According to Table 5, among 8 subjects who had high stress at stage A, 5 subjects had improved stress from stage B to C, and 3 subjects did not improve and were placed in the experimental house. It is considered that the moss of the seedling-fixing base material gave a stress calming effect to the subject.

(Stress calming action 2)
For each of the four subjects, the two forms of the case of spending 30 minutes before going to bed in the experimental room used in the evaluation of the stress calming effect 1 (case 1) and the case of not being (case 2), The pulse rate during sleep was measured. The age, sex and measurement results of each subject are as follows.

Subject 1:
Age: 22 years old, gender: female Case 1 result: Figure 4, Case 2 result: Figure 5
Comparing FIGS. 4 and 5, the average pulse rate of case 2 is about 68, whereas the average of case 1 is reduced to about 59.
Subject 2:
Age: 21 years old, gender: male Case 1 result: FIG. 6, Case 2 result: FIG.
Comparing FIGS. 6 and 7, the average pulse rate of case 2 is about 64, whereas the average of case 1 is reduced to about 58.
Subject 3:
Age: 21 years old, gender: male Case 1 result: FIG. 8, Case 2 result: FIG.
Comparing FIGS. 8 and 9, the average pulse rate of case 2 is about 61, whereas the average of case 1 is reduced to about 57.
Subject 4:
Age: 21 years old, gender: female Case 1 result: FIG. 10, Case 2 result: FIG.
10 and 11, the average pulse rate of case 2 is about 60, whereas the average of case 1 is reduced to about 55.

  In all cases of subjects 1 to 4, in case 1, it was found that the pulse rate during sleep decreased. Since the pulse rate during sleep decreases with deep sleep, it can be seen that in case 1 the subject's stress was calmed down and a restful sleep effect was obtained.

Example 3
The tip of the snail that grows naturally on the riverbed of the Kiso River was cut and many seedlings having a size (length) of about 5 to 8 mm were collected. ( "GA400" of Toli Corporation: 500 × 500mm) the seed tile carpet surface arranged at a ratio of about 100 / 10cm ² of, eye focus from thereon 2 × 2mm of nylon net (Daiokasei Co., Ltd. Of “Dio Sunshine 9010”).

Next, the same culture solution as that used in Example 1 was sprayed uniformly on the surface of the seedling-fixing base material to wet the seedlings. This seedling and seedling fixing substrate was placed in a dark environment at 15 to 20 ° C. where 90% of natural light was shielded, and the culture solution was sprayed at a rate of about 0.1 l / m ² , and then placed for 5 days. Subsequently, the seedling-fixing base material was moved to a bright environment of 18 to 25 ° C. where 50% of natural light was shielded, and left for 52 days while spraying the culture solution once a week at a rate of about 0.1 l / m ² . During the cultivation period, tap water was sprayed once a day in a time zone in which the culture solution was not sprayed to maintain the wet state of the seedlings. Moreover, during the cultivation period, a 10-50 kHz sound wave was continuously transmitted toward the seedling-fixing base material using a commercially available signal generator and an audio system. At this time, the voltage (peak-to-peak voltage) input to the speaker was set to 35V.

Comparative Example 4
Similar to Example 3 except that only tap water was sprayed on the seedling-fixing base material once a day instead of the culture solution and no sound wave was transmitted toward the seedling-fixing base material. Seedlings were cultivated.

Evaluation C
About Example 3 and Comparative Example 4, the result of having investigated the germination number from the seedlings under cultivation with time is shown in FIG. According to FIG. 12, the number of germination of Example 3 increased rapidly from about 12 days after the start of cultivation, and the number of germination at the time of 29 days compared with Example 3 was 719. Example 4 was 132. Moreover, the photograph which image | photographed from the horizontal direction by arranging the seedling fixing base material after raising in Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 13, the right side is the seedling-fixing base material of Example 3, and the left side is the seedling-fixing base material of Comparative Example 4. As apparent from FIG. 13, it can be seen that snags are significantly denser in Example 3 than in Comparative Example 4. Moreover, the height of the snail grown in Comparative Example 4 after 57 days from the start of cultivation was about 1 to 4 mm, whereas the height of the snail grown in Example 3 was about 5 to 12 mm.

The graph which shows the result of evaluation A (number of germination) of an Example. The graph which shows the result of evaluation B (growth condition) of an Example. The graph which showed the fluctuation | variation of the stress value of Table 5 about evaluation B (stress calming action 1) of an Example. The graph which shows the result of the case 1 of the test subject 1 in evaluation B (stress calming effect 2) of an Example. The graph which shows the result of the test subject's 1 case 2 in evaluation B (stress calming effect 2) of an Example. The graph which shows the result of the test subject's 2 case 1 in evaluation B (stress calming effect 2) of an Example. The graph which shows the result of the test subject's 2 case 2 in evaluation B (stress calming effect 2) of an Example. The graph which shows the result of the test subject's 3 case 1 in evaluation B (stress calming effect 2) of an Example. The graph which shows the result of the test subject's 3 case 2 in evaluation B (stress calming effect 2) of an Example. The graph which shows the result of the test subject's 4 case 1 in evaluation B (stress calming effect 2) of an Example. The graph which shows the result of the test subject's 4 case 2 in evaluation B (stress calming effect 2) of an Example. The graph which shows the result of evaluation C of an Example. In the evaluation C of an Example, the photograph which image | photographed the seedling seedling fixing base material after the cultivation of Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 from the horizontal direction.

Claims (5)

Collecting a part of the plant body of moss as a seedling and placing the seedling on the surface of the substrate;
Applying a culture solution containing each element of manganese, strontium and nickel to the base material on which the seedlings are arranged, and growing the seedlings;
Of cultivation of moss including   The cultivation method of moss of Claim 1 which sprays the said culture solution and applies with respect to the said base material.   In the stage until the seedlings arranged on the base material germinate, the base material is placed in a dark environment where natural light is substantially shielded, and thereafter the base material is placed in a bright environment where natural light can be irradiated. The cultivation method of moss of Claim 1 or 2. Collecting a part of the plant body of moss as a seedling and placing the seedling on the surface of the substrate;
Applying a culture solution containing each element of manganese, strontium and nickel to the base material on which the seedlings are arranged, and growing the seedlings;
Of greening material containing   The manufacturing method of the greening material of Claim 4 whose said base material is a tile carpet.