JP4893653B2 - 車両、二次電池の充電状態推定方法および車両の制御方法 - Google Patents
車両、二次電池の充電状態推定方法および車両の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態に係る車両1の主たる構成を示す図である。
図2は、バッテリの開路電圧(OCV:Open-Circuit Voltage)とSOCとの関係を示した図である。
図4は、本実施の形態で行なわれるSOCの推定処理および車両の制御を説明するフローチャートである。
図5を参照して、バッテリの充放電電流は電流検出部110により検出される。また、そのときのバッテリ電圧は電圧検出部112により検出される。なお、電流検出部110は、図1の電流センサ11−1,11−2に対応する。電圧検出部112は、図1の電圧センサ10−1,10−2に対応する。
Vr=−r×Ib
ここでrは内部抵抗を示し、Ibはバッテリ電流値(放電が正)を示す。また、Vrは電圧変動推定部118によって推定される内部抵抗による電圧変動である。なお、バッテリの内部抵抗rは、あらかじめバッテリ毎に決定しておく。また、電流値Ibは、電流検出部110によって検出された充放電電流値である。この電圧変動分Vrは、図3のΔV1に対応するものである。
SOC=SOCp+Kp×(Vmes−Vest)+Ki×∫(Vmes−Vest)dt
ここでSOCpは、疑似SOCを示し、Kp,Kiは係数を示す。上式において、疑似SOC(SOCp)は疑似SOC推定部114の出力値である。また、SOC修正量算出部126では、上式の第2項及び第3項すなわち比較器124によって求められた推定電圧Vestと測定電圧Vmesとの差(Vmes−Vest)に比例する成分と、この差の積分値に比例する成分とを算出する。ここで、係数Kp,Kiはそれぞれあらかじめバッテリ特性から決定しておく。SOC修正量算出部126によって算出された上記各成分は、上式に示されるように、加算器128により疑似SOC推定部114の出力値SOCpに加算される。これによりバッテリのSOCの推定値を得ることができる。
Claims (6)
- 車両であって、
充放電が可能な二次電池と、
前記二次電池の電流を検出する電流センサと、
前記二次電池の充電状態を推定し、前記充電状態に基づいて前記二次電池の充放電を制御する制御装置とを備え、
前記制御装置は、充電と放電のサイクルが繰返される第1の動作モードでは、前記二次電池の開路電圧を推定し、前記開路電圧を分極に基づいて補正した値に基づいて前記充電状態を決定する第1の推定方法によって前記二次電池の充電状態を推定し、
前記制御装置は、充電および放電のうちのいずれか一方が継続する第2の動作モードでは、前記第1の推定方法とは異なる第2の推定方法によって前記二次電池の充電状態を推定し、
前記制御装置は、前記第2の推定方法では、前記電流センサで検出された電流を積算した結果に基づいて前記充電状態を決定し、
前記車両は、前記二次電池に車両外部から充電を行なう外部充電が可能に構成され、
前記二次電池から電力供給を受け乗車前空調を実行可能な空調装置をさらに備え、
前記第2の動作モードは、前記外部充電および前記乗車前空調時に選択され、
前記制御装置は、前記外部充電と前記乗車前空調のいずれか一方を前処理として実行し他方を前記前処理に引き続いて行なわれる後処理として実行した場合には、前記前処理の実行前に前記電流センサのオフセット値を記憶し、前記後処理の実行時には前記前処理の実行前に記憶された前記オフセット値を用いて前記電流センサで検出された電流を補正する、車両。 - 力行動作と回生動作とが実行可能な電動機をさらに備え、
前記第1の動作モードは、前記力行動作および前記回生動作を繰り返し行ない得る車両走行時に選択される、請求項1に記載の車両。 - 充放電が可能な二次電池の充電状態推定方法であって、
前記二次電池が使用される動作モードを判断するステップと、
前記判断するステップにおいて前記動作モードが、充電と放電のサイクルが繰返される第1の動作モードである場合に、前記二次電池の開路電圧を推定し、前記開路電圧を分極に基づいて補正した値に基づいて充電状態を決定する第1の推定方法によって前記二次電池の充電状態を推定するステップと、
前記判断するステップにおいて前記動作モードが、充電および放電のうちのいずれか一方が継続する第2の動作モードである場合に、前記第1の推定方法とは異なる第2の推定方法によって前記二次電池の充電状態を推定するステップとを備え、
前記第2の推定方法では、電流センサで検出された電流を積算した結果に基づいて前記充電状態が決定され、
前記二次電池は、車両に搭載され、
前記車両は、前記二次電池に車両外部から充電を行なう外部充電が可能に構成され、
前記判断するステップは、前記外部充電時に前記第2の動作モードであると判断し、
前記車両は、
前記二次電池から電力供給を受け乗車前空調を実行可能な空調装置をさらに備え、
前記第2の動作モードは、前記外部充電および前記乗車前空調時に選択され、
前記充電状態推定方法は、
前記外部充電と前記乗車前空調のいずれか一方を前処理として実行し他方を前記前処理に引き続いて行なわれる後処理として実行した場合に、前記前処理の実行前に前記電流センサのオフセット値を記憶し、前記後処理の実行時に前記前処理の実行前に記憶された前記オフセット値を用いて前記電流センサで検出された電流を補正するステップをさらに備える、二次電池の充電状態推定方法。 - 前記車両は、
力行動作と回生動作とが実行可能な電動機をさらに備え、
前記判断するステップは、前記力行動作および前記回生動作を繰り返し行ない得る車両走行時に前記第1の動作モードであると判断する、請求項3に記載の二次電池の充電状態推定方法。 - 車両外部から充電が可能に構成された二次電池と、
前記二次電池の電流を検出する電流センサと、
前記二次電池から電力供給を受け乗車前空調を実行可能な空調装置と、
前記電流センサの出力を受け、前記二次電池の充放電を制御する制御装置とを備え、
前記制御装置は、車両走行時である場合には、推定した前記二次電池の開路電圧に基づいて前記二次電池の充放電を制御し、前記二次電池を放電させ前記乗車前空調を実行する場合には、放電電流を積算して放電電流量を算出し、前記乗車前空調直後に車両外部から前記二次電池に充電する場合には、算出された前記放電電流量と同量まで充電電流を積算して充電を実行するように制御を行なう、車両。 - 車両の制御方法であって、
前記車両は、
車両外部から充電が可能に構成された二次電池と、
前記二次電池の電流を検出する電流センサと、
前記二次電池から電力供給を受け乗車前空調を実行可能な空調装置とを含み、
前記二次電池は、車両走行時である場合に、推定した前記二次電池の開路電圧に基づいて前記二次電池の充放電が制御され、
前記二次電池を放電させ前記乗車前空調を実行する場合に、前記電流センサで検出された放電電流を積算して放電電流量を算出するステップと、
前記乗車前空調直後に車両外部から前記二次電池に充電する場合に、算出された前記放電電流量と同量まで前記電流センサで検出された充電電流を積算して充電を実行するステップとを備える、車両の制御方法。
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- 2008-10-17 US US12/864,577 patent/US8509975B2/en active Active
- 2008-10-17 CN CN2008801270547A patent/CN101939892B/zh active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2246956A1 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
| CN101939892A (zh) | 2011-01-05 |
| JP2009201197A (ja) | 2009-09-03 |
| WO2009104305A1 (ja) | 2009-08-27 |
| EP2246956B1 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
| US8509975B2 (en) | 2013-08-13 |
| EP2246956A4 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
| US20100318252A1 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
| CN101939892B (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
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