JP4994964B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator in which a cab structure is disposed on a gantry frame and a boom is rotatably disposed near the cab structure on the side of the gantry frame.

  A construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator may be used on a slope such as a mountain. In that case, the construction machine (vehicle) may be out of balance and fall (upside down). If the vehicle falls down, it is necessary to suppress deformation of the cab in order to ensure the safety of passengers in the cab of the vehicle. In order to ensure such safety, a configuration is known that suppresses deformation of the cab by attaching a reinforcing member to the pillar of the cab and increasing the rigidity of the cab itself (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-279721 A

  By the way, when the vehicle falls to the cab side, the cab collides with the ground, a lateral load due to the ground collision acts on the upper part of the cab, and then the vehicle is turned upside down and a vertical load due to the vehicle's own weight acts on the upper part of the cab. Will be.

  When simulating the deformation of the cab when the vehicle falls in the state where the boom pivots downward (the bottom dead center of the boom), the vertical middle of the front pillar of the cab is pressed against the corner of the boom with the first lateral load. As a result, it was found that the closed cross section of the front pillar was crushed, and stress was concentrated on the crushed portion of the cab's front pillar due to the subsequent vertical load, leading to large deformation (buckling deformation) of the cab.

  By the way, in order to effectively transmit and disperse the lateral load to the center pillar on the right rear side of the vehicle, the rigidity of the roof portion of the cab is important, but if the satisfaction of the operator and the ground height limitation during vehicle transportation are satisfied, A member having sufficient rigidity to suppress deformation of the cab when the vehicle falls can not be disposed on the roof portion.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a member having sufficient rigidity to suppress deformation of the cab when the vehicle falls without affecting the comfortability of the operator and the ground height limitation during vehicle transportation. It is in providing the construction machine which can be arrange | positioned.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a construction machine in which a cab structure is disposed on a gantry frame, and a boom is rotatably disposed near the cab structure on the side of the cab structure. A recess provided on the upper surface of the gantry frame so as to be positioned below the cab structure, and a lower part of the cab structure from a position during operation of the cab structure into a recess of the gantry frame when the vehicle is transported. An elevating mount device for lowering to a position to be immersed is provided.

  Here, you may provide the reinforcement member for suppressing the deformation | transformation of the cab structure at the time of a vehicle fall in the roof part of the said cab structure.

The lifting mount device lowers the cab structure from a working position to a position where the lower part of the cab structure is immersed in the recess of the gantry frame even when the vehicle falls. Inclination detection means for detecting the inclination of the structure, and when the inclination of the cab structure detected by the inclination detection means is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the cab structure is moved from the position at the time of work by the lift mount device. Control means for lowering the lower part of the structure to a position where the lower part of the structure is immersed in the recess of the gantry frame may be provided.

  The reinforcing member may include a closed cross-section member that is located on the roof portion of the cab structure and extends in the vehicle width direction.

  In addition, the cab structure has a pair of left and right center pillars that are positioned in the vehicle longitudinal direction intermediate portion of the cab structure and extend in the vertical direction, and the reinforcing member is an upper end of the pair of left and right center pillars You may have the roof reinforcement which connects a part and extends in a vehicle width direction.

  Further, the pair of left and right center pillars and the roof reinforcement may be integrally formed from a steel pipe.

  According to the present invention, a member having sufficient rigidity to suppress deformation of the cab when the vehicle falls without affecting the operator's habitability and the ground height limitation during vehicle transportation is arranged on the roof portion of the cab. It exhibits an excellent effect that it can be installed.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side view of a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the construction machine 1 according to this embodiment is a hydraulic excavator, and mainly includes a lower mechanism 2, an upper mechanism 3, and a work mechanism 4.

  The lower mechanism 2 has a lower frame 5. The lower mechanism 2 according to the present embodiment is of a crawler type, and a crawler 6 is attached to the lower frame 5. The lower mechanism 2 may be of a wheel type (tire type). In that case, a wheel (tire) is attached to the lower frame 5.

  The upper mechanism 3 is attached to the lower frame 5 via a turning device (not shown), and has a gantry frame (upper frame) 7 that can turn with respect to the lower frame 5 (see FIG. 2). An engine room 8 that houses an engine or the like is installed on the gantry frame 7, and a counterweight 9 for balancing the weight of the work mechanism 4 is installed at the rear of the gantry frame 7.

  A cab structure 10 (referred to as a cab hereinafter) 12 (see FIG. 3), which is composed of a cab frame 10 composed of a plurality of pillars (pillars) and a cab floor 11, is described later. It is mounted via an air spring 13 (see FIGS. 2 and 4).

  As shown in FIG. 2, the gantry frame 7 is mainly composed of a center frame 14 that forms a central portion of the gantry frame 7, and a side frame 15 that is disposed on the side of the center frame 14.

  The center frame 14 is mainly composed of a bottom plate 16 and a pair of left and right vertical plates 17 erected on the bottom plate 16. A pair of left and right boom bracket portions 19 to which a base end of a boom 18 to be described later is rotatably connected and a base end of a boom cylinder 20 to be described later are rotatably connected to the front portion of the vertical plate 17. A pair of left and right cylinder bracket portions 21 are provided.

  The side frame 15 mainly includes a support frame 22 fixed to the bottom plate 16 of the center frame 14 and a cross member 24 bridged between the side members 23 of the support frame 22. The cross member 24 has a curved shape so as to protrude downward so that the cab 12 can be lowered, and the air spring 13 is provided on the cross member 24.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the front portion of the cab 12 is provided with a pair of left and right front pillars (A pillars) 25 that extend in the vertical direction of the cab frame 10, and the rear portion of the cab 12 has a vertical direction. A pair of left and right rear pillars (C pillars) 26 extending in the vertical direction are provided, and a pair of left and right sides extending in the vertical direction are provided in the vehicle front-rear direction intermediate portion of the cab 12 (that is, between the front pillar 25 and the rear pillar 26). A center pillar (B pillar) 27 is provided.

  The upper end portion of the front pillar 25 and the upper end portion of the rear pillar 26 are connected by a roof rail 28 extending in the vehicle longitudinal direction, and the lower end portion of the front pillar 25 and the lower end portion of the rear pillar 26 are disposed in the vehicle longitudinal direction. They are connected by extending side members 29.

  The upper ends of the pair of left and right front pillars 25 are connected by a front header 30 extending in the vehicle width direction, and the lower ends of the pair of left and right front pillars 25 are a front cross member 31 extending in the vehicle width direction. Connected with.

  The upper ends of the pair of left and right rear pillars 26 are connected by a rear header 32 extending in the vehicle width direction, and the lower ends of the pair of left and right rear pillars 26 are connected by a rear cross member 33 extending in the vehicle width direction. Further, the middle part in the vertical direction of the pair of left and right rear pillars 26 is connected by a rear reinforcement 34 extending in the vehicle width direction.

  In the present embodiment, a reinforcing member having a sufficient thickness in the vertical direction is provided on the roof portion of the cab 12 in order to suppress deformation of the cab 12 when the vehicle falls. The roof portion of the cab 12 is provided with a roof reinforcement 35 that connects the upper ends of the pair of left and right center pillars 27 and extends in the vehicle width direction among the reinforcing members. The roof portion of the cab 12 is provided with a plurality of closed cross-section members 36 that extend over the left and right roof rails 28 and extend in the vehicle width direction.

  The front pillar 25, the rear pillar 26, the roof rail 28, the side member 29, the front header 30, the front cross member 31, the rear header 32, the rear cross member 33, the rear reinforcement 34, and the closed cross-section member 36 are pipes (deformed steel pipes). Or a combination of a plurality of plate materials.

  In the present embodiment, the pair of left and right center pillars 27 and roof reinforcement 35 are made of pipes (deformed steel pipes) or a plurality of plate materials.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the working mechanism 4 is disposed at the front portion of the gantry frame 7 and close to the side of the cab 12, and is rotatable to the gantry frame 7 (the boom bracket portion 19 of the center frame 14). A boom 18 connected to the arm 18, an arm (not shown) rotatably connected to the tip of the boom 18, and an attachment (not shown) such as a bucket rotatably connected to the tip of the arm. Have.

  A hydraulic cylinder (boom cylinder) 20 is interposed between the gantry frame 7 (center frame 14) and the boom 18, and the boom 18 is rotated with respect to the gantry frame 7 by expanding and contracting the boom cylinder 20. The A hydraulic cylinder (arm cylinder) (not shown) is interposed between the boom 18 and the arm, and the arm is rotated with respect to the boom by expanding and contracting the arm cylinder. A hydraulic cylinder (bucket cylinder) (not shown) is interposed between the arm and the bucket, and the bucket is rotated with respect to the arm by expanding and contracting the bucket cylinder.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the construction machine 1 according to this embodiment is for raising and lowering the cab 12 with respect to the gantry frame 7, and the cab 12 is gantry when the vehicle is transported or the vehicle falls. An elevating mount device (lowering means) 37 for lowering the frame 7 is provided.

  The lifting mount device 37 according to the present embodiment is driven by an engine and a plurality of air springs 13 interposed between the cab 12 (cab floor 11) and the gantry frame 7 (cross member 24 of the side frame 15). A compressor 38, an air tank 39 in which air compressed by the compressor 38 is stored, and a valve 41 provided between a passage 40 that communicates the air spring 13 with the compressor 38 and the air tank 39. .

  In the present embodiment, the air springs 13 are disposed at the four corners of the cab floor 11. The air spring 13 is mainly composed of a rubber sleeve 42 filled with air and plates (an upper plate 43 and a lower plate 44) attached to the upper and lower ends of the sleeve 42. When air is supplied to the air spring 13, the cab 12 is raised with respect to the gantry frame 7, and the vehicle height (the height position of the cab 12) is increased. When air is discharged from the air spring 13, the cab 12 is lowered with respect to the gantry frame 7, and the vehicle height (the height position of the cab 12) is lowered.

  Air is supplied to the air spring 13 by connecting the passage 40 on the compressor 38 side and the passage 40 on the air spring 13 side with a valve 41. The air is discharged from the air spring 13 by connecting the passage 40 on the air spring 13 side and the atmosphere opening 45 of the valve 41 by the valve 41.

  The valve 41 is controlled by a controller (control means) 46. The controller 46 is electrically connected to an inclination sensor 47 as an inclination detection means for detecting the inclination of the cab 12 and an acceleration sensor 48 as an oscillation detection means for detecting the vibration of the cab 12. The controller 46 controls the valve 41 based on detection signals from the inclination sensor 47, the acceleration sensor 48, and the like.

  In the present embodiment, the controller 46 determines that the construction machine 1 may fall when the inclination of the cab 12 detected by the inclination sensor 47 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and the cab 12 is lowered with respect to the gantry frame 7. Thus, the air spring 13 is controlled.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the controller 46 controls the air spring 13 so as to attenuate the vibration of the cab 12 based on the detection signal of the acceleration sensor 48.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the valve 41 of the air spring 13 can be operated manually (manually), and the cab 12 is attached to the gantry frame 7 by manually operating the valve 41 of the air spring 13 during vehicle transportation. It can be lowered.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state where the cab is lowered with respect to the gantry frame.

  When the vehicle is transported, the valve 41 of the air spring 13 is manually operated to move the cab 12 from the working position shown by the alternate long and short dash line (normal time) to the position of the vehicle transporting time (descent) shown by the solid line. On the other hand, in order to suppress the deformation of the cab 12 when the vehicle falls, the rigid closed cross-section member 36 is passed through the roof portion of the cab 12 in the vehicle width direction, and the roof is used as a rib of the center pillar 27. Even if the reinforcement 35 is installed, it is possible to satisfy both the habitability of the operator and the ground height limitation during vehicle transportation. That is, even if the vehicle height during operation (the height position of the cab 12) is increased by disposing the closed cross-section member 36 and the roof reinforcement 35 on the roof portion of the cab 12, the vehicle height (cab 12) The height position) of the vehicle can be lowered, so that there is no influence on the ground height limitation during vehicle transportation.

  Further, when the construction machine 1 is tilted during work and the inclination of the cab 12 detected by the inclination sensor 47 becomes a predetermined value or more, the air spring 13 is controlled by the controller 46, and the cab 12 is shown during the work indicated by a one-dot chain line (normal time). ) From the position) to the position at the time of lowering indicated by the solid line. When the cab 12 is lowered with respect to the gantry frame 7, the relative position of the cab 12 with respect to the boom 18 and the counterweight 9 changes, and the cab 12 can be positioned in a space where deformation is difficult. Thereafter, even if the construction machine 1 is turned upside down, the construction machine 1 is supported by the boom 18 and the counterweight 9, and the passengers in the cab 12 can be protected.

  Further, in this embodiment, since the center pillar 27 and the roof reinforcement 35 are provided in the cab 12, the construction machine 1 can be operated with the boom 18 rotated to the lowest position as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. In the case of falling, the construction machine 1 is supported by the center pillar 27, the roof reinforcement 35, and the counterweight 9, and the passengers in the cab 12 can be protected.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various other embodiments can be adopted.

  For example, the position and quantity of the air spring 13 are not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the air spring 13 may be provided in the vehicle longitudinal direction intermediate portion or the vehicle width direction intermediate portion of the cab 12. .

FIG. 1 is a side view of a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the gantry frame. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the cab structure. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the lifting mount device. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state where the cab structure is lowered with respect to the gantry frame.

Explanation of symbols

1 Construction machinery 7 Mounting frame (upper frame)
12 Cab (cab structure)
18 Boom 27 Center pillar 35 Roof reinforcement (reinforcing member)
36 Closed section member (Reinforcement member)
37 Lifting mount device (lowering means)
46 Controller (Control means)
47 Tilt sensor (Tilt detection means)

Claims (6)

In a construction machine in which a cab structure is disposed on a gantry frame, and a boom is rotatably disposed close to a side of the cab structure on the gantry frame, the cab structure on the upper surface of the gantry frame And a lift for lowering the cab structure from a working position to a position where the lower part of the cab structure is inserted into the recess of the gantry frame when the vehicle is transported. A construction machine comprising a mounting device .   The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing member for suppressing deformation of the cab structure when the vehicle falls is provided on a roof portion of the cab structure. The lifting mount device lowers the cab structure from a working position to a position where the lower part of the cab structure is immersed in the recess of the gantry frame even when the vehicle falls.
Inclination detection means for detecting the inclination of the cab structure, and when the inclination of the cab structure detected by the inclination detection means is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the lift structure device moves the cab structure from the working position. The construction machine according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit that lowers the lower part of the cab structure to a position where the lower part of the cab structure is immersed in the recess of the gantry frame.   The construction machine according to claim 2, wherein the reinforcing member has a closed cross-section member that is located on a roof portion of the cab structure and extends in a vehicle width direction. The cab structure has a pair of left and right center pillars that are located in an intermediate portion in the vehicle longitudinal direction of the cab structure and extend in the vertical direction,
The construction machine according to claim 2, wherein the reinforcing member has a roof reinforcement that connects upper end portions of the pair of left and right center pillars and extends in a vehicle width direction.   The construction machine according to claim 5, wherein the pair of left and right center pillars and the roof reinforcement are integrally formed from a steel pipe.

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