JP5046697B2 - Turning tool holder, turning tool using the same, and cutting method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a turning tool holder formed by joining a front portion to which a cutting insert is attached and a rear portion functioning as a shank, a turning tool in which a cutting insert having a cutting blade is attached to the holder, and a cutting method.

  Conventionally, a turning tool such as a boring bar in which a rear portion made of cemented carbide and a front portion made of steel are joined by brazing and a rolling tool such as an end mill are known (for example, Patent Document 1 or Patent Document). 2).

  Here, the rear part and the front part are formed as separate structures using different members. The rear part that is the tool main body is required to have high vibration isolation performance, and an insert pocket to which a cutting insert is attached is formed. This is because high workability is required at the necessary front part.

  In the cutting tool described in Patent Document 1, a conical convex portion is formed on one of the front portion and the rear portion, and a conical hole-shaped concave portion that fits on the convex portion is formed on the other side. Are joined by brazing.

  In the cutting tool described in Patent Document 2, the V groove formed in the front portion and the V crest formed in the rear portion are brazed and joined with a wedge-shaped surface.

  In the structures described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, since the bonding area can be improved as compared to the case where the front portion and the rear portion are not provided with unevenness and the surfaces are joined together, the front portion and the rear portion It is possible to improve the bonding strength.

  Further, the cutting tool described in Patent Document 1 has an advantage that the joining position is easily determined, but has a disadvantage that twisting with respect to the axial center of the front portion is likely to occur during cutting. That is, a large stress is applied to the cutting blade of the cutting insert attached to the front part during cutting, but in the case of a conical shape as in Patent Document 1, the moment of the force applied to the cutting blade with the axis as the reference point is set. There is no supporting part and the front part is easily twisted.

On the other hand, in the cutting tool described in Patent Document 2, the V groove in the front part and the V mountain in the rear part are brazed with a wedge-shaped surface, and the rotation can be suppressed by the plane constituting the V mountain. The above-described twist is unlikely to occur.
JP 2003-117703 A JP-A-8-1425

  However, when using a configuration in which a V-groove in the front portion and a V-mount in the rear portion located at the rear are brazed in a turning tool as in Patent Document 1, an upper inclined surface and a lower inclined surface that form the V-ridge. Is attached to the mounting surface on which the cutting insert is mounted at an angle that is substantially orthogonal to the holder when viewed from the front end surface thereof, the direction in which the joint surface between the V crest and the V groove slides during cutting. Therefore, there is a problem that the front part is easily detached from the rear part.

  Therefore, the holder holding surface (planar portion) and the intersecting ridge of the upper inclined surface and the lower inclined surface constituting the V mountain are arranged so that a stress is applied to the upper inclined surface of the V mountain when the turning tool is cut. It can be considered to be substantially parallel in the front end view.

  However, the mounting surface to which the cutting insert of the insert pocket is attached is formed so as to open laterally with respect to the flat surface in the front end view, and the thickness of the holder below the seating surface is increased. In order to ensure, the cutting edge tip side is inclined with respect to the holding surface of the holder so that the outer peripheral side of the holder is low.

  Therefore, during cutting, stress applied to the cutting edge of the cutting insert concentrates on the cutting edge tip side on the upper inclined surface of the V-mount. Thereby, there existed a problem that it became easy to generate | occur | produce a crack in the thin part of V groove.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a turning tool holder capable of dispersing stress during cutting and improving the rigidity of the holder, and a turning tool using the same.

Turning holder for tools of the invention, includes a front portion which insert pocket is formed having a seating surface which the cutting insert is placed, and a rear portion located rearward of said front portion, the front Symbol rear portion, It has at least one inclined surface that inclines so as to become thinner toward the front side, and a concave portion is formed on the rear end side of the front portion, and the concave portion and the inclined surface of the rear portion And the rear part includes at least one flat part on the outer peripheral surface, and the front end of the inclined surface is inclined with respect to the flat part in front end perspective. The seating surface is lower in the thickness direction of the holder as it goes toward the outer peripheral side with reference to the flat surface portion in front end see-through .

  In the above invention, the inclined surface includes a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface, and a front end of the inclined surface is an intersecting ridge line portion between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface. It is preferable.

  In the above invention, the front part is preferably made of steel, and the rear part is preferably made of cemented carbide.

  Moreover, in the said invention, it is preferable that the insert pocket is formed so that it may open to a side on the basis of the said plane part.

  Furthermore, the turning tool according to the present invention is characterized in that a cutting insert having a cutting edge is attached to the insert pocket of the turning tool holder.

  Further, a cutting method according to the present invention is a cutting method for cutting a work material using the above-mentioned turning tool, a proximity process for relatively bringing a turning tool closer to the work material, and rotating the work material A cutting process for cutting the surface of the work material by bringing the cutting blade into contact with the surface of the work material, and a retreating process for relatively moving the work material and the turning tool away from each other. Features.

  By using this invention, the stress at the time of a cutting process can be disperse | distributed to the inclined surface of a back part. Therefore, the rigidity of the holder can be improved and cracking of the holder can be suppressed.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIGS. 1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a turning tool in which a cutting insert is attached to a turning tool holder according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the front portion in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a rear view in Fig. 1 (a) a plan view, (b) a side view, (c) a front view, and Fig. 4 is a turning tool holder according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view, FIG. 5A is a plan view, FIG. 5B is a side view, and FIG. 5C is a front view.

  1 to 3, a turning tool holder 1 according to this embodiment includes a front portion 5 having an insert pocket 4 having a seating surface 3 on which a cutting insert 2 is placed, and a rod-like shape located behind the front portion 5. The rear part 6 is provided. In the present invention, the seating surface is the same as the seating surface for those skilled in the art of cutting tools. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the cutting insert 2 is placed and screwed. The surface having the largest contact area with the cutting insert 2 is used as the seating surface 3.

  The rear part of the holder 1 is made of a material having higher rigidity than the front part. Specifically, the front part is made of steel and the rear part is made of cemented carbide. In addition, the rigidity in this invention shows the resistance with respect to a deformation | transformation. As the steel, alloy steel for machine structure or the like can be used. In the embodiment, chromium molybdenum steel SCM440 is used. The cemented carbide is mainly composed of tungsten carbide and cobalt.

  As described above, the holder 1 is formed as a separate structure in which the front part 5 and the rear part 6 are divided into different members. The front part 5 in which the insert pocket 4 is formed requires high workability, This is because the rear portion 6 serving as the holding portion of the main body is required to have high rigidity and vibration isolation performance.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the 1st plane part 7 mutually parallel is formed in the upper direction and the downward direction of the rear part 6. As shown in FIG. The flat surface portion 7 serves as a holding surface when the holder 1 is attached to and held in the cutting device. In addition, although the 2nd plane part 8 is formed in the side of the rear part 6, this 2nd plane part 8 is a display surface for printing the model number etc. of the holder 1, and becomes a pinching surface is not.

  In addition, the front side of the rear part 6 is inclined from the rear side to the front side with respect to the flat surface part 7, in other words, it becomes lower in the thickness direction as it goes forward, and in other words, as it goes forward. The upper side inclined surface 9 and the lower side inclined surface 10 which incline so that thickness may become thin are provided. The upper inclined surface 9 and the lower inclined surface 10 correspond to the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface in the present invention, respectively.

  On the other hand, the rear end side of the front portion 5 is provided with a concave portion 11 formed so as to come into surface contact with the upper inclined surface 9 and the lower inclined surface 10 of the rear portion 6. And in this recessed part 11, the front part 5 and the rear part 6 are brazed and joined so that the holder 1 may be formed. An oil hole 12 is formed in the front part 5 and the rear part 6 as a path for the cutting fluid, and passes through the recess 11 from the intersecting ridge line part of the upper inclined surface 9 and the lower inclined surface 10. And it is comprised so that it may open in the side surface of the front part 5 adjacent to the insert pocket 4. FIG.

  In the embodiment, the upper inclined surface 9 and the lower inclined surface 10 have a wedge shape in which the front end of the rear portion 6 intersects. However, in the present invention, the shape is not limited to the shape, and at least 1 For example, even if the upper inclined surface 9 and the lower inclined surface 10 are separated from each other at the front end of the rear portion 6 and are connected by a flat surface or a spherical surface. good.

  Moreover, the said recessed part 11 should just be a concave shape provided with the part which contacts a part of upper side inclined surface 9 and the lower side inclined surface 10 in the rear end side of the front part 5, for example, the front end of the rear part 6 is It may be out of contact with the recess. In addition, when it forms in V groove shape and it joins the whole surface of the upper side inclined surface 9 and the lower side inclined surface 10 with a recessed part like an Example, the contact area with the rear part 6 increases, and the front part 5 and This is preferable because the bonding strength with the rear portion 6 is improved.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the insert pocket 4 includes a seating surface 3 and a plurality of wall surfaces perpendicular to the seating surface 3, and is open to the upper surface and one side surface of the front portion 5. Then, the cutting insert 2 is attached by protruding the cutting edge portion 13 to the side of the insert pocket 4.

  In FIG. 2, the seating surface 3 is the other end side opposite to one end located on the outer periphery of the front portion 5 of the seating surface 3 in the front end perspective (opposite to the direction in which the cutting edge portion 13 of the cutting insert 2 protrudes). (In the direction), the holder is inclined so as to increase in the thickness direction of the holder. In other words, it is formed to be inclined downward toward the direction in which the cutting edge portion 13 of the cutting insert to be attached protrudes. Further, the intersection ridge line portion (the front end of the rear portion 6) between the upper inclined surface 9 and the lower inclined surface 10 is also directed downward in the protruding direction of the cutting edge portion 13 in the same manner as the seating surface 3. It is formed to be inclined.

  In other words, the front end that is the intersection ridge line portion of the upper inclined surface 9 and the lower inclined surface 10 is substantially parallel to the seating surface in the perspective of the tip of the holder. Further, the inclination of the seating surface 3 in the perspective of the tip of the holder is substantially equal with respect to the front end in the perspective of the tip of the holder.

  Note that the range of substantially parallel and substantially equal angles means that the inclination angle of the seating surface 3 is within ± 10 °, more preferably ± 5 °, with respect to the front end of the upper inclined surface 9. To do.

Further, the front end fluoroscopy in the present invention is the seating surface 3 and the upper inclined surface 9 (rear part) as a target when viewed in the direction from the front of the front part toward the rear part (direction of arrow A in FIG. 1). This means that a portion other than the front end of the screen is seen through and compared. As a specific method of judgment,
It can be determined by a method of comparing the front part and the seating surface 3 by looking at the front end of the rear part 5 and the seating surface 3 by removing the joint between the front part and the rear part. In addition, when the seating surface 3 is not open to the front side or when the seating surface 3 is not flat, such as a twisted shape, the seating surface 3 has a shape in the direction from the front part toward the rear part. as passing through the center, it can be determined by those cut in cross section to the direction Cartesian.

  Further, from the front end side to the rear end side of the upper surface of the front portion 5, the thickness on the lower side becomes thicker from the side where the cutting edge portion 13 protrudes with respect to the first flat portion 7 toward the other side. An inclined surface 14 for discharging chips is formed which is inclined upward. The inclined surface 14 is formed adjacent to the insert pocket 4 and plays a role of guiding chips generated by cutting obliquely rearward of the cutting edge portion 13 and discharging them. The chip discharging inclined surface is formed substantially in parallel with the inclined surface when the side surface of the holder is seen through.

  The turning tool in the present embodiment can be used, for example, as a grooving tool for inner diameter machining, in which grooving is performed on the inner surface of a cylindrical workpiece. That is, a groove can be formed on the inner surface of the work material by rotating the work material, inserting a tool into the rotating cylinder, and pressing the cutting edge portion 13 in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder.

  In general, in grooving, a cutting load is concentrated and applied from the upper side to the lower side of the cutting edge portion 13, so that a large stress is generated on the seating surface 3 of the insert pocket 4. On the other hand, the inner diameter machining tool has a restriction that the diameter of the tool holder cannot be increased more than necessary because the tool holder must be machined while being inserted into the cylindrical work material. Therefore, in the grooving tool for inner diameter processing, there is a problem that a crack is generated in the corner portion of the seating surface 3 of the insert pocket 4 at the time of cutting or the corner portion is easily damaged.

  On the other hand, in the turning tool of the present embodiment, the seating surface 3 is the other end side (the cutting edge portion of the cutting insert 2) in the opposite direction to the one end located on the outer periphery of the front portion 5 of the seating surface 3 in the front end perspective. Since the thickness on the lower side of the seating surface 3 is increased by inclining it so as to increase in the thickness direction of the holder as it goes in the direction opposite to the direction in which 13 protrudes, the insert The strength of the pocket 4 is increased, and the occurrence of the above problems can be reduced.

  In the conventional cutting tool for joining the front part and the rear part by brazing or the like, the intersecting ridge line part (the front end of the rear part 6) between the upper inclined surface 9 and the lower inclined surface 10 is formed on the holder 1. It is formed and joined so as to be parallel to the holding surface (plane portion 7). Therefore, the structure as described above is simply incorporated in the grooving tool for inner diameter machining of the structure inclined upward so that the thickness of the holder increases as it goes in the direction opposite to the side of the seating surface 3 where the insert pocket opens. In this case, stress concentrates on the front end of the lower inclined surface 10 on the side of the cutting edge portion 13 at the time of cutting, and there is a possibility that the bonding is damaged or breakage occurs.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as described above, the intersecting ridge line portion (the front end of the rear portion 6) of the upper inclined surface 9 and the lower inclined surface 10 is the same as the seating surface 3 of the cutting edge portion 13. It is inclined downward in the protruding direction, and is configured such that the front end of the rear portion 6 in front tip perspective is parallel to the seating surface 3. As a result, the stress generated during cutting can be uniformly distributed on the upper inclined surface 9 and the lower inclined surface 10 without concentrating on a specific location, so that the joining is impaired or the damage is caused. Can be reduced.

  Next, a turning tool holder 201 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, about the structure same as the holder 1 for turning tools by 1st embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted here.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in this embodiment, the intersecting ridge line portion between the upper inclined surface (first inclined surface) 209 and the lower inclined surface (second inclined surface) 210 of the rear portion 206 of the holder 201. However, it is comprised so that it may protrude in the same direction as the direction where the cutting-blade part 13 of the cutting insert 2 protrudes as it goes to the front end side of the back part 206. FIG. In other words, in front end perspective, the seating surface has one end positioned on the outer periphery of the front portion, the other end positioned on the inner side of the outer periphery of the front portion, and the front end of the inclined surface has the one end side on the end. Compared to the other end side, it has a portion protruding forward.

  That is, the front end of the inclined surface (intersecting ridge line between the upper inclined surface 209 and the lower inclined surface 210) has one end and the other end connecting the two points on the outer periphery of the holder, and one end is in front of the other end. positioned. Further, the seating surface 3 is formed so as to be biased toward one end with respect to the midpoint of the front end of the inclined surface. In addition, being formed unevenly means that the center of gravity of the seating surface is shifted to one end side where the front end of the inclined surface is positioned forward.

  The concave portion 211 of the front portion 205 is also formed so as to come into surface contact with the upper inclined surface 209 and the lower inclined surface 210. In the same manner as in the first embodiment, the holder 201 is formed by brazing and joining the front portion 205 and the rear portion 206 in the concave portion 211.

  Here, as described above, since the rear portion 206 serving as the holding portion of the tool main body is required to have high vibration isolation performance, the rear portion 206 is made of a material made of cemented carbide having high rigidity. And even if it is a case where the material made from the same cemented carbide is used, in order to obtain higher vibration isolation performance, the position closer to the cutting edge portion 13 at the tip is made of a material made of cemented carbide. Is desirable.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, when one side is the side where the insert pocket 4 opens based on the first plane portion 7 and the other side is the other side, the front end of the upper inclined surface is one side. Compared to the other, it has a shape having a portion protruding forward. By adopting such a configuration, the joining surface can be made to follow the chip discharge inclined surface 14, and the position closer to the cutting edge portion 13 can be formed by the highly rigid rear portion 206, so that the rigidity of the holder is improved. To do. Further, the bonding strength is increased by increasing the area of the bonding portion.

  Next, the cutting method of this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings.

  6 to 8 show process diagrams of the cutting method of the present invention. First, the cutting insert 2 is attached to the tool holder 1 for turning. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the work material 20 is rotated to bring the cutting edge 13 of the turning tool 15 closer to the work material 20. The cutting edge 13 and the work material 20 may be relatively close to each other. For example, the work material 10 may be close to the turning tool 15.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the cutting material 13 is brought into contact with the work material 20 to cut the work material 20. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8, the turning tool 15 is separated from the work material 20. In addition, when continuing a cutting process, the state which rotated the workpiece 20 and hold | maintains the state which rotated the cutting blade 13 of the turning tool 15 to the different location of the workpiece 20 is repeated.

  As the cutting method, the outer diameter processing, specifically, the horizontal drawing processing has been described as an example, but it can be used for other turning processing such as inner diameter processing.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was illustrated, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It cannot be overemphasized that it can be made arbitrary, unless it deviates from the objective of invention.

It is a disassembled perspective view of the turning tool which attached the cutting insert to the holder for turning tools by 1st embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the front part in FIG. It is the (a) top view, (b) side view, (c) front view of the rear part in FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view of the holder for turning tools by 2nd embodiment. It is (a) top view of FIG. 4, (b) side view, (c) front view. It is process drawing of the cutting method of this invention. It is process drawing of the cutting method of this invention. It is process drawing of the cutting method of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,201 Turning tool holder 2 Cutting insert 3 Seating surface 4 Insert pocket 5, 205 Front part 6, 206 Back part 7 1st plane part 8 2nd plane part 9, 209 Upper inclined surface (1st inclined surface)
10, 210 Lower inclined surface (second inclined surface)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11, 211 Recess 12 Oil hole 13 Cutting edge 14 Chip discharge inclined surface 15 Turning tool 20 Work material

Claims (10)

A front portion formed with an insert pocket having a seating surface on which the cutting insert is placed;
A rear portion located behind the front portion ,
Before SL rear portion is provided with at least one inclined surface inclined so that the thickness toward the forward side becomes thinner,
A concave portion is formed on the rear end side of the front portion, and a turning tool holder in which the concave portion and the inclined surface of the rear portion are joined,
The rear portion includes at least one flat portion on an outer peripheral surface;
The front end of the inclined surface is inclined with respect to the flat surface portion in front end see-through, and the seating surface is lower in the thickness direction of the holder as it goes toward the outer periphery side with respect to the flat surface portion in front end see-through. A holder for a turning tool. The inclined surface includes a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface,
2. The turning tool holder according to claim 1, wherein a front end of the inclined surface is an intersecting ridge line portion between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface. The turning tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the rear portion is made of a material having higher rigidity than the front portion. The said front part consists of steel, The holder for turning tools of Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The said rear part consists of a cemented carbide alloy, The holder for turning tools of Claim 3 or Claim 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The turning tool holder according to claim 5, wherein the insert pocket is formed so as to open laterally with respect to the planar portion. The turning tool holder according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a front end of the inclined surface is substantially parallel to the seating surface when viewed from the tip . The front portion is formed with an inclined surface for discharging chips,
The turning tool holder according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the chip discharge inclined surface is formed substantially parallel to the inclined surface in a side perspective view of the holder. The turning tool which attached the cutting insert provided with a cutting blade to the insert pocket of the holder for turning tools in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 8 . A cutting method for cutting a work material using the turning tool according to claim 9 ,
A proximity step of relatively bringing a turning tool closer to the work material;
A cutting step of rotating the work material, bringing the cutting edge into contact with the surface of the work material, and cutting the surface of the work material;
A cutting method comprising a separation step of relatively moving the work material and the turning tool away from each other.

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