JP5152602B2 - Welding method and welding apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a welding method and a welding apparatus suitable for fillet welding a stiffener to a steel deck applied to a bridge.

As shown in FIG. 9 (a), the steel slab (stiffening plate) 100 has a plurality of U-shaped ribs 20 (stiffening material) on one surface of the deck plate 10 (steel plate) at regular intervals. Arranged. The deck plate 10 is composed of a steel flat plate having a thickness of 12 to 14 mm, for example, and the U-shaped rib 20 is U-shaped in cross section by bending a steel flat plate having a thickness of 6 to 9 mm, for example. The width is about 30 cm.
For the fillet welds 21 and 22 between the edge of the U-shaped rib 20 and the deck plate 10, the required depth of penetration of the U-shaped rib 20 is 75% or more of the plate thickness of the U-shaped rib 20 according to the fatigue design guidelines. (Non-patent Document 1).
However, since the steel deck is repeatedly subjected to a wheel load by the vehicle through an asphalt pavement 30 (for example, thickness of 80 mm) provided on the deck plate 10, attention must be paid to fatigue damage. Particularly, stress concentrates on the non-welded portion N on the extension line of the penetration tip of the fillet weld portion 21, and the fatigue crack F occurs relatively early as shown in FIG. 9B.

  Then, in order to suppress generation | occurrence | production of the crack which starts the penetration front, it is proposed to make the fillet weld part 21 into the complete penetration which penetrates in the plate | board thickness direction of the U-shaped rib 20 (patent documents 1-1). 3).

JP 2008-272826 A (FIGS. 11 and 12) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2008-290115 (FIG. 1) JP 2008-290116 A (FIG. 1)

JSCE Proceedings No.519 ／ I-32,127-137,1995.7 “Local Stress and Fatigue Strength at the Intersection of Longitudinal Ribs and Transverse Ribs in Steel Plates”

When performing this complete penetration, it is preferable to fillet weld from both the outside and inside of the U-shaped rib 20 to eliminate the stress concentration portion, but it is difficult to weld from the inside of the narrow U-shaped rib 20. It is. Therefore, welding must be performed only from the outside of the U-shaped rib 20. However, according to the study by the present inventors, if welding is performed only from the outside, the back bead formed inside the U-shaped rib 20 has a shape that causes stress concentration. Then, an object of this invention is to provide the welding method which can form the back bead which avoids stress concentration.
Moreover, an object of this invention is to provide the welding apparatus which can implement | achieve such a welding method.

The reason why the back bead is shaped to cause stress concentration is that the molten metal that has reached the back side (the opposite side to the side to be welded) by welding can flow freely. Even if welding conditions such as voltage and welding speed are adjusted, it is not easy to control the shape of the back bead. In particular, the U-shaped rib has a long length of about 10 m, and it has been difficult to make the back bead into a shape in which stress concentration does not easily occur over the entire length.
The inventors of the present invention are able to control the back bead to a shape in which stress concentration is less likely to occur by welding from the outside of the U-shaped rib while disposing a metal pad on the inside (back side) of the U-shaped rib. I found out.

The present invention is based on the above examination results, and the first edge and the second edge arranged in parallel on both sides in the width direction with the opening portion on the lower side on the surface of the flat deck plate. The present invention relates to a welding method of a steel deck slab for welding butt U-shaped ribs .
Temporary welding process for temporarily fixing the U-shaped rib to the deck plate by intermittently welding the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped rib, and main welding for continuously welding the longitudinal direction of the temporarily fixed U-shaped rib Process. In this welding process, a portion where the first edge and the deck plate are abutted is welded simultaneously by a first welding torch, and a portion where the second edge and the deck plate are abutted is simultaneously welded by a second welding torch. 1 edge and a respective second edge, the outer side of the U-shaped rib, by welding the first welding torch and a second welding torch, through a first edge of each of the second edge form a penetration bead which reaches the inner side of the U-shaped rib Te.
During this welding, a region corresponding to the back bead is located inside the U-shaped rib and corresponding to the region welded from the outside of the U-shaped rib (hereinafter referred to as a welding-corresponding region). A pair of chamfers, shorter than the length to be welded, are spaced horizontally in a horizontal direction so that the deck plate and the first edge are in contact with the deck plate and the second edge, respectively. Arrange.
According to the present invention, a single pressing body that simultaneously presses the pair of metal pads in a direction away from each other toward the outside in the width direction is provided between the pair of metal pads, and the pair of metal pads is synchronized with welding. Welding is performed while moving the gold following the pressing body .
According to the welding method of the present invention, welding is performed while placing a metal pad whose area corresponding to the back bead is chamfered in the area corresponding to welding. Therefore, the penetration bead formed by welding from the outer side of the U-shaped ribs, the shape corresponding to the gap formed by the chamfered straps are cooled while being controlled to adjust the chamfered shape As a result, both the angle formed by the backside bead and the deck plate and the angle formed by the backside bead and the U-shaped rib can be made obtuse to prevent stress concentration.
Further, in the present invention, when the length to be welded (the length of the U-shaped rib ) is long, it is not practical to use a metal pad corresponding to this length. Therefore, for example, a short length of metal is used so as to correspond to a range in which the thermal effect is caused by welding, and this metal is moved in synchronization with the welding.
Further, the abutting portions between the flat deck plate and the U-shaped rib exist on both sides in the width direction of the rib. When there is a pair of butting portions as described above, it is preferable to improve the production efficiency by arranging a stopper for each butting portion and welding the pair of butting portions simultaneously. In addition, by providing a pressing body that presses in a direction away from each other between the pair of metal pads, a back bead having a desired shape can be formed more stably.

In the present invention, the pair of stoppers can be moved together with the pressing body by the traction device, or the pair of stoppers can be moved together with the pressing body by the self-propelled carriage.

In the present invention, the mechanism for cooling the pair of stoppers arranged close to the pair of stoppers can be moved in synchronization with the pair of stoppers.

The present invention provides a welding apparatus that realizes the above-described welding method.
In this welding apparatus, U-shaped ribs that face the first edge and the second edge arranged parallel to both sides in the width direction on the surface of the flat deck plate, with the opening on the bottom, Back wave which penetrates each of 1st edge and 2nd edge and reaches inside of U-shaped rib by welding each of 1st edge and 2nd edge from the outside of U-shaped rib It is used to weld a pair of first and second edges arranged in parallel while forming a bead. Further, this welding apparatus is used to weld the U-shaped rib to the temporary welded body temporarily fixed to the deck plate by intermittently welding the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped rib.
The welding apparatus of the present invention includes a welding torch and a metal backing.
The welding torch is arranged outside the U-shaped rib and is movable in the direction of the welding line, and a first welding torch for welding a portion where the first edge and the deck plate are abutted, and a second edge And a second welding torch for welding the portion where the portion and the deck plate are abutted.
The pair of stoppers are arranged inside the U-shaped rib and in the welding-corresponding region. The stopper is brought into contact with the deck plate and the U-shaped rib, but the area corresponding to the back bead is chamfered and is shorter than the length at which welding is performed.
The welding apparatus of the present invention includes a pressing body that is provided between a pair of metal pads and simultaneously presses the pair of metal plates toward the outside in the width direction so as to be separated from each other.
The welding apparatus according to the present invention also includes a moving mechanism that moves the pair of stoppers in synchronization with the pressing body in synchronization with the movement of the first welding torch and the second welding torch.
Also in the welding apparatus of the present invention, stress concentration can be suppressed by controlling the shape of the back bead similarly to the welding method described above. Moreover, in the welding apparatus of this invention, since the press body which presses a stopper metal on a U-shaped rib is provided, a back bead can be stably formed in the desired shape.

Moving mechanism for moving the skilled hands gold includes at least two forms.
The first is a form in which the metal backing is pulled in synchronization with the movement of the welding torch by a pulling device disposed outside the region where welding is performed. When the U-shaped rib is welded to the deck plate, the stopper moves in a closed space surrounded by the U-shaped rib and the deck plate. In some cases, it is not possible to secure a space for providing a stopper moving mechanism in this narrow closed space. Accordingly, a traction device is provided outside the space, and the traction device is moved by connecting the traction device and the tie with, for example, a wire rope.
The second is a form in which the deposit is self-propelled. When a space for providing a self-propelled mechanism can be secured in a closed space surrounded by the U-shaped rib and the deck plate, or when it is an open space to move the metal pad, the metal pad is, for example, self-propelled It is possible to move by the bogie.

  In the welding apparatus of the present invention, a cooling mechanism for cooling the backing metal can be provided. In this case, it is desirable to dispose the cooling mechanism in the vicinity of the metal pad and to move in synchronization with the metal pad. By doing so, incidental members, such as piping provided between a cooling mechanism and a metal plate, and equipment can be minimized.

According to the present invention, the metal base having the chamfered area corresponding to the back bead is welded while being arranged in the welding corresponding area. Then, the penetration bead formed by welding from the outer side of the U-shaped ribs, the shape corresponding to the gap formed by the chamfered straps are cooled while being controlled to adjust the chamfered shape Thus, both the angle between the backside bead and the deck plate and the angle between the backside bead and the U-shaped rib can be made obtuse. Therefore, the stress concentration at the boundary portion between the back bead and the welded joint can be reduced.

It is a figure explaining the welding method in this Embodiment, (a) shows a mode that a stopper metal is arrange | positioned in the closed space formed with a U-shaped rib and a deck plate, (b) is the front of a metal stopper. A figure is shown and (c) shows a top view of a backing metal. (A) is a partial enlarged view showing a state in which the metal base is arranged at a predetermined position during welding, (b) is a macro-structure photograph of a welded portion welded without providing a metal base, and (c) is a metal base. It is the macro structure photograph of the welding part which performed welding by providing. It is the figure which modeled the welding part of FIG.2 (b). It is the figure which modeled the welding part of FIG.2 (c). (A) shows a microstructure photograph of the weld heat affected zone in the region surrounded by A in FIG. 2 (b), and (b) shows the weld heat effect in the region surrounded by B in FIG. 2 (c). The microstructure photograph of a part is shown. (A) shows a microstructure photograph of the boundary between the weld metal and the base metal in the region surrounded by A in FIG. 2 (b), and (b) in the region surrounded by B in FIG. 2 (c). A microstructure photograph of the boundary between the weld metal and the base metal is shown. It is a figure which shows the structure of the welding apparatus by a 1st form, (a) is a front view, (b) is a top view except a U-shaped rib. It is a figure which shows the structure of the welding apparatus by a 2nd form, (a) is a front view, (b) is a top view except a U-shaped rib, (c) is an expanded sectional view of a stopper metal. (A) is a perspective view which shows the structure of a steel deck, (b) is a figure which shows the crack which arose in the welding part.

Hereinafter, the welding method of the present invention will be described based on an embodiment to which the production of a steel deck 100 (FIG. 9) is applied with reference to FIGS .
When the steel deck 100 is produced, the U-shaped rib 20 is disposed at a predetermined position on the deck plate 10 as shown in FIG. Welding is performed in a state in which the deck plate 10 is placed on the deck plate 10 with the surface on which the pavement 30 is applied facing downward, and the U-shaped rib 20 is disposed so that the tips (edges) of the pair of flanges 24 face each other. Done .
Here, since the U-shaped rib 20 is heated with the welding, if the movement of the U-shaped rib 20 is not restricted, the U-shaped rib 20 is warped greatly as the welding progresses. There exists a possibility that the character-shaped rib 20 cannot be welded to a predetermined position. Therefore, it is preferable to temporarily fix the U-shaped rib 20 to the deck plate 10 prior to welding. For temporary fixing, the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped rib 20 may be welded intermittently.

The U-shaped rib 20 includes a web 23 and a flange 24 that extends at a predetermined angle from both ends of the web 23 in the width direction.
On the outside of the front end of each flange 24, a re-shaped groove 25 is formed. It is preferable that an angle α formed with the surface of the deck plate 10 is 50 ° ± 30 ° and a root face is 2 mm ± 2 mm (zero in FIG. 2).
Here, an example in which the shape-shaped groove 25 is provided is shown, but the present invention allows the use of a U-shaped rib without the shape-shaped groove, and also in this case, a metal plate 1 to be described later You can enjoy the effect.

  When the U-shaped rib 20 is put on the deck plate 10 with the flange 24 being abutted, the U-shaped rib 20 and the deck plate 10 form a closed space in the cross-sectional direction. This closed space is referred to as “inside”, and the outside of the flange 24 is referred to as “outside”. On the inner side, the flange 24 and the deck plate 10 form an angle β (FIG. 2A).

  In the present embodiment, the end of the flange 24 and the deck plate 10 are fillet welded from the outside of the U-shaped rib 20. At this time, complete penetration welding is performed in which penetration penetrates from the outer side to the inner side of the flange 24 (U-shaped rib 20) and a backside bead is formed on the inner side. The method of welding performed from the outside of the U-shaped rib 20 is not limited in the present invention, and various known welding methods such as arc welding and laser welding can be applied. In the present embodiment, the labe groove 25 is formed on the outer side of the tip of the flange 24. In this application, however, including the case of welding the member having the groove, it is expressed as fillet welding. To do.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, welding is performed while the stopper 1 is disposed inside the U-shaped rib 20. The pad 1 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped member made of, for example, copper or a copper alloy having excellent thermal conductivity. The stopper 1 can be provided with a forced cooling mechanism for circulating cooling water, for example, but the description and illustration thereof are omitted here.
The contact metal 1 constitutes a first contact surface 3 in which one surface of the six surfaces is in contact with the flange 24, and a second contact surface 5 in which the other surface is in contact with the deck plate 10. Configure. An angle γ formed by the first contact surface 3 and the second contact surface 5 is set equal to an angle β formed by the flange 24 and the deck plate 10 (∠β = ∠γ). Therefore, inside the U-shaped rib 20, the second contact surface 5 is disposed to face the deck plate 10, the first contact surface 3 is disposed to face the flange 24, and the first contact surface is further disposed. By pressing 3 toward the flange 24, the first contact surface 3 can be brought into contact with the flange 24, and the second contact surface 5 can be brought into contact with the deck plate 10. However, in FIG. 2, the flange 24 and the first contact surface 3 and the deck plate 10 and the second contact surface 5 are intentionally separated from each other. The fact that the stopper 1 is in this contact state means that the stopper 1 is set. And when the welding is performed from the outer side of the flange 24, the contact metal 1 is arranged in the region corresponding to the region welded inside the U-shaped rib 20.

  The stopper 1 has a chamfer C formed at the boundary between the first contact surface 3 and the second contact surface 5. This chamfering C is formed over the entire length of the backing metal 1 in the longitudinal direction. Further, the chamfer C is provided corresponding to a region where the back bead is formed when welding is performed with the stopper 1 set. When the contact metal 1 is set (before welding), the first contact surface 3 and the flange 24 contact each other, and when the second contact surface 5 and the deck plate 10 contact each other, the contact metal 1 becomes a gap. Without being set in the U-shaped rib 20, a gap corresponding to the chamfer C is formed between the chamfer C and the flange 24 and the deck plate 10. This gap is referred to as a molten metal regulating gap. The shape of the chamfer C may be an arc or another curve.

The fillet welding according to the present embodiment is performed in a state where the backing metal 1 is set. During welding, the metal pad 1 plays the following role.
The stopper 1 cools and solidifies the molten metal while restraining the molten metal that has reached the inside by welding from freely flowing. That is, the molten metal that has reached the inside is allowed to flow only inside the molten metal regulating gap formed by chamfering C, and is solidified without flowing out of the molten metal regulating gap. Therefore, if the shape and dimensions of the chamfer C are specified, the shape of the back bead can be controlled.

  The present inventors performed welding under the same conditions (including welding current, welding voltage, and welding speed) other than the provision of the stopper 1. A cross-sectional macro observation in the vicinity of the substantially T-shaped joint was performed after welding. The results are shown in FIGS. 2 (b) and 2 (c). FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram obtained from macro observation (FIG. 2B), and FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram obtained from macro observation (FIG. 2C).

  As shown in FIGS. 2B and 3, when welding is performed without providing the backing metal 1, the angle ∠ 11 formed between the back bead B and the deck plate 10, and the angle formed between the back bead B and the flange 24. The ridge 12 is approximately 90 ° or an acute angle. Further, the leg length L11 of the reverse wave bead B in the direction of the deck plate 10 and the leg length L12 of the reverse wave bead B in the direction of the flange 24 are L12 approximately twice L11. Further, the distance from the deck plate 10 to the uppermost end of the back bead, that is, the back bead height H1 is high.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2 (c) and 4, when welding is performed by providing the stopper 1, the angle bead 21 formed between the back bead B and the deck plate 10, and the back bead B and the flange 24 are formed. The angle ∠22 formed by can be both obtuse. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the leg length L21 of the reverse wave bead B in the direction of the deck plate 10 and the leg length L22 of the reverse wave bead B in the direction of the flange 24 (vertical plate) are substantially equal. The back wave bead B is obtained. Further, the back bead height H2 is low.
The shape of the back bead having such a feature is similar to the molten metal regulation gap formed when the metal backing 1 is set, and it is confirmed that the flow of molten metal is regulated by the metal backing 1. It was done.

  As described above, by providing the backing metal 1, the angle ∠ 21 formed between the back bead B and the deck plate 10 and the angle ∠ 22 formed between the back bead B and the flange 24 can be made obtuse. As the angle becomes smaller, the stress tends to concentrate on the welding route. Conversely, as the angle becomes larger, the stress becomes less likely to concentrate on the welding route. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of cracks with the back bead as the base point by performing welding while placing the stopper 1. In particular, when welding the U-shaped rib 20 to the deck plate 10, the size may be large, the mounting error of the U-shaped rib 20 to the deck plate 10 varies depending on the position, and further, a welding machine is used during welding. It is assumed that there is a change in the welding environment such as a change in the primary side voltage. However, even if there is such a fluctuation factor of the back bead, the back bead can be stably formed in a desired shape by using the pad 1 having the chamfer C.

Moreover, the metal pad 1 cools the weld bead and its surroundings from the inside. Therefore, as can be understood by referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, a region (welding heat affected zone, hereinafter referred to as HAZ) in which the structure is affected by the heating of welding can be narrowed. As is well known, HAZ is inferior in mechanical properties, particularly toughness, because crystal grains become coarse. Therefore, although it is desired that the welded member has a narrower HAZ, according to the present invention in which welding is performed using the metal backing 1, the effect of narrowing the HAZ can also be enjoyed.
Actually, the microstructure was observed (see FIGS. 5 and 6). As a result, it has been clarified that the use of the backing metal 1 makes it possible to refine the HAZ crystal grains and to refine the crystal grains at the boundary between the weld metal and the base metal. Thus, the toughness of the welded joint can also be improved by refining the HAZ and crystal grains at the boundary.

<First form>
Next, an example of a welding apparatus 50 suitable for producing the steel deck 100 using the pad 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
The welding device 50 includes a welded portion 60, a contact moving unit 70, and a control unit 80.
The welding portion 60 includes a pair of welding torches 61 in order to weld the pair of flanges 24 of the U-shaped rib 20 to the deck plate 10 at the same time. The welding torch 61 moves while being guided by a guide rail 63 provided along the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped rib 20 to weld the flange 24 to the deck plate 10.
The welding torch 61 performs welding and moves in accordance with instructions from the control unit 80.
The type of the welding torch 61 is not limited and can be appropriately determined based on a known welding method. The means for moving the welding torch 61 is the same.

The contact moving unit 70 includes a pair of contact main bodies 71, a connection member 72 that mechanically connects the pair of contact body 71, a cooling water circulation unit 73 placed on the connection member 72, and a pair of A pressing body 74 that presses the contact main body 71 away from each other and a traction device 75 are provided.
A copper alloy main body 71 is provided corresponding to the pair of welding torches 61 in order to weld the pair of flanges 24 to the deck plate 10 at the same time. The pad main body 71 is set to be sufficiently shorter than the U-shaped rib 20.
A flow path 71 a in which the cooling water supplied from the cooling water circulation unit 73 flows in the direction of the broken line arrow E is provided in the contact body 71. Pipes 71b connected to the cooling water circulation unit 73 are connected to openings at both ends of the flow path 71a.
By providing a member with a small friction coefficient on the lower surface, which is a sliding surface with the deck plate 10, the contact main body 71 can smoothly move the contact main body 71.
The basic structure of the metal pad main body 71 is as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, but the chamfer C is not shown in FIG.

The connecting member 72 connects the pair of metal pad main bodies 71 at the upper part thereof.
The connecting material 72 connects the metal pad main body 71 at two places before and after the metal pad main body 71 in the moving direction indicated by the white arrow G, and regulates the pair of metal pad main bodies 71 to move in synchronization. In addition, the connection material 72 has connected the metal pad main body 71 so that the connection material 72 and the metal pad main body 71 can move relatively in the direction (width direction) orthogonal to the said moving direction.

Although not shown, the cooling water circulation unit 73 includes a tank that stores the cooling water, a pump that supplies the cooling water in the tank toward the metal body 71, and a power source for driving the pump.
Since the cooling water circulation unit 73 is mounted on the connecting member 72, the cooling water circulation unit 73 moves in synchronization with the plating main body 71, and while the welding torch 61 performs welding, Continue to circulate.

The pressing body 74 is provided between the pair of metal bodies 71 and plays a role of pressing each metal body 71 against the flange 24. An elastic body such as a spring can be used, a hydraulic cylinder, or the like. The pressing mechanism can also be used.
By providing the pressing body 74 between the pair of metal bodies 71, the two metal bodies 71 can be pressed against the flange 24 by one pressure body 74.

  The traction device 75 includes a winding drum 77 that is rotationally driven by a traction motor 76 whose rotational speed is controlled by the control unit 80. The other end of the pulling wire 78, one end of which is fixed to the winding drum 77, is fixed to the connecting member 72 located in the front, and the pulling wire 78 is wound up by the winding drum 77, whereby the contact moving unit 70 is moved. Move.

  The control unit 80 controls welding conditions and movement conditions of the welding torch 61. Further, the control unit 80 controls the moving condition of the pad moving unit 70 by controlling the rotation speed of the traction motor 76. And the control part 80 is controlled so that the welding torch 61 and the metal-plating main body 71 move synchronously, making the metal-plating main body 71 located in the area | region welded with the welding torch 61. FIG.

According to the welding apparatus 50 according to the first embodiment described above, the following effects are obtained.
(1) If a long metal plate is used, it is difficult to bring the metal plate 71 into contact with the flange 24 and the deck plate 10 without a gap. On the other hand, the welding apparatus 50 uses the plating main body 71 that is sufficiently shorter than the U-shaped rib 20 and moves it in synchronization with the welding torch 61. It can be pressed against the plate 10. Therefore, it is possible to stably obtain a back bead having a desired shape. In particular, by pressing the metal pad main body 71 toward the flange 24 with the pressing body 74, it is possible to obtain a back bead having a desired shape more stably.
(2) Since the pair of welding torches 61 and the pair of metal plate main bodies 71 are arranged on the U-shaped rib 20 so that both sides can be welded simultaneously, the production efficiency of the steel deck 100 can be improved.
(3) Since the traction device 75 provided on the outside (welding end point side) of the U-shaped rib 20 is pulled and moved, the inside of the U-shaped rib 20 is narrow. However, the main body 71 can be moved without difficulty.
(4) Since the cooling water circulation unit 73 can be moved close to and in synchronism with the metal pad main body 71, ancillary members and facilities such as a piping system necessary between the metal water main body 71 and the like are minimized. In addition, it is not necessary to separately provide a mechanism for moving the cooling water circulation unit 73.

<Second form>
Although the welding apparatus 50 according to the first embodiment is configured to move the metal pad main body 71 by the traction device 75, the present invention is not limited to this, and the metal pad main body may be self-propelled. An example thereof will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, about the same component as FIG. 7, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to FIG. 8, and it demonstrates below centering on the characteristic part of a 2nd form.

The welding apparatus 150 according to the second embodiment includes a self-propelled carriage 160.
The self-propelled carriage 160 is disposed between the pair of metal pads 71 and includes a motor for driving wheels and a battery that is a power source of the motor, although illustration is omitted. The self-propelled carriage 160 includes a control unit 163 that controls the rotation speed of the motor. The control unit 163 controls the rotational speed of the motor according to the light detection status of the optical sensor 71 c built in the metal pad main body 71 to realize synchronous movement with the welding torch 61.
The self-propelled carriage 160 includes wheels 165 made of permanent magnets. By using the permanent magnet wheels 165, the self-propelled carriage 160 generates a driving force due to the magnetic force in addition to the frictional force between the wheels 165 and the deck plate 10, so that the load for moving the contact main body 71 is reduced. Even if it fluctuates, stable running with reduced slip can be achieved. This effect can be obtained not only by configuring the wheels 165 from permanent magnets, but also by using a suction force generated with respect to the deck plate 10 by disposing permanent magnets below the self-propelled carriage 160.

In the welding apparatus 150 according to the second embodiment, an optical sensor 71 c is provided in the plating main body 71. When light of a predetermined value or more is detected by the optical sensor 71c, this is notified to the control unit 163 of the self-propelled carriage 160. The pad main body 71 has a light intake hole 71d so that external light can reach the optical sensor 71c. Since the optical sensor 71c and the light intake hole 71d are provided in each metal pad main body 71, the self-propelled carriage 160 includes the optical sensor 71c with a space in the front-rear direction and the width direction.
The synchronous movement of the welding torch 61 and the self-propelled carriage 160 using the optical sensor 71c is realized as follows, for example.
The welding torch 61 is arranged between the front and rear optical sensors 71 c to start the movement of the self-propelled carriage 160 and welding by the welding torch 61.
The moving speed of the self-propelled carriage 160 at that time is made to coincide with the welding speed.
The self-propelled carriage 160 may slip on the deck plate 10. If it does so, position shift will arise between welding torch 61 with progress of welding. In this case, the optical sensor 71c disposed in front of the self-propelled carriage 160 detects light due to welding. The result of this detection is sent to the control unit 163 of the self-propelled carriage 160.
The control unit 163 controls the rotational speed of the motor to increase the moving speed of the self-propelled carriage 160 by a predetermined ratio (for example, 10%). This ratio may be set by confirming the movement (following performance) of the self-propelled carriage 160 in advance. The same applies when the moving speed is slowed down.
Then, after a while, the optical sensor 71c arranged in front stops detecting light. At that time, the control unit 163 returns the speed of the self-propelled carriage 160 to the initial value.
By repeating the above speed adjustment, the self-propelled carriage 160 is prevented from moving later than the welding torch 61.

It is also assumed that the self-propelled carriage 160 proceeds ahead of the welding torch 61. In this case, the moving speed is controlled as follows.
In this case, the optical sensor 71c disposed behind the self-propelled carriage 160 detects light due to welding. The result of this detection is sent to the control unit 163 of the self-propelled carriage 160.
The control unit 163 controls the rotational speed of the motor and slows the moving speed of the self-propelled carriage 160 by a predetermined ratio (for example, 10%).
Then, after a while, the optical sensor 71c arranged behind does not detect the light. At that time, the control unit 163 returns the speed of the self-propelled carriage 160 to the initial value.
By repeating the above speed adjustment, the self-propelled carriage 160 is prevented from moving ahead of the welding torch 61 and moving.
As described above, the welding apparatus 150 can ensure that the metal plating main body 71 moves in synchronization with the welding torch 61.
In addition, the method of ensuring that the metal pad main body 71 moves in synchronization with the welding torch 61 using the optical sensor 71c can be applied to the first mode in which the metal pad is moved using a traction device.

The self-propelled carriage 160 includes two cameras 166 and 167. The cameras 166 and 167 respectively photograph the back bead a and b formed by welding while applying the metal pad main body 71. The back bead a is taken by the camera 166, and the back bead b is taken by the camera 167. The photographed back bead a, b is displayed on the monitor 168. By monitoring the back bead a, b displayed on the monitor 168, the operator involved in welding can confirm the shape of the back bead a, b almost simultaneously with the welding, so that the efficiency of the welding inspection is improved. be able to.
Note that the technique of photographing the backside bead with this camera can also be applied to the first embodiment in which the stopper is moved using a traction device.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of the welding apparatus of this invention was described, this is an example to the last, and unless it deviates from the main point of this invention, the structure quoted in the said embodiment is selected or another structure is used. It can be changed as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Latch 3 ... 1st contact surface 5 ... 2nd contact surface 10 ... Deck plate 10
20 ... U-shaped ribs, 21, 22 ... fillet welds, 23 ... webs, 24 ... flanges, 25 ... shaped grooves 50, 150 ... welding devices 60 ... welds, 61 ... welding torches 70 ... metal transfer , 71... Metal plate body 71 c. Optical sensor 73. Cooling water circulation unit 74... Press body 75 .. Traction devices 80 and 163.

Claims (6)

A steel slab that welds U-shaped ribs that face the first edge and the second edge that are arranged parallel to both sides in the width direction with the opening facing down on the surface of the flat deck plate A welding method,
A temporary welding step of temporarily fixing the U-shaped rib to the deck plate by intermittently welding the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped rib;
A main welding step of continuously welding the longitudinal direction of the temporarily fixed U-shaped rib,
The main welding process includes
The portion where the first edge and the deck plate are butted together is welded simultaneously with the first welding torch, and the portion where the second edge and the deck plate are butted together is simultaneously welded with the second welding torch,
Each of said second edge and the first edge portion, from said outer side of the U-shaped rib, by welding by the said first welding torch second welding torch, the said first edge the through each of the two edges to form a penetration bead which reaches the inner side of the U-shaped ribs,
Wherein a said side of the U-shaped rib, in the region corresponding to the region being welded from the outer side of the U-shaped rib, a region corresponding to the penetration bead is chamfered, welded a short pair of straps than the length to be performed, to the deck plate and the first edge portion, also the second edge and the deck plate, and spaced apart horizontally such that each abuts ,
Between a pair of said straps, one of the pressing body simultaneously pressing the pair of the straps in a direction away from each other toward the outside in the width direction is provided, and a pair of the straps in synchronism with the welding Welding while moving following the pressing body ,
A method for welding a steel deck . Moving a pair of the metal pads together with the pressing body by a traction device, or moving a pair of the metal pads together with the pressing body by a self-propelled carriage,
The method for welding a steel slab according to claim 1. Moving a mechanism for cooling the pair of stoppers disposed in proximity to the pair of stoppers in synchronization with the pair of stoppers;
The welding method of the steel deck according to claim 1 or 2. On the surface of the flat deck plate, a U-shaped rib that has a first edge portion and a second edge portion that are arranged in parallel on both sides in the width direction with the opening portion on the lower side, the first edge portion And the second edge part are welded from the outside of the U-shaped rib to penetrate the first edge part and the second edge part and reach the inside of the U-shaped rib. An apparatus for simultaneously welding a pair of the first edge and the second edge arranged in parallel while forming a wave bead,
For the temporary welded body in which the U-shaped rib is temporarily fixed to the deck plate by intermittently welding the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped rib,
A first welding torch which is disposed outside the U-shaped rib and is movable in the direction of the welding line and welds a portion where the first edge and the deck plate are abutted; and the second edge A second welding torch for welding a portion where the portion and the deck plate are abutted;
Inside the U-shaped rib, the region corresponding to the region welded from the outside of the U-shaped rib is disposed, and the region corresponding to the back bead is chamfered. A pair of pads shorter than the length
A pressing body that is provided between a pair of the metal pads, and simultaneously presses the pair of metal plates in a direction away from each other toward the outside in the width direction;
A movement mechanism for moving the pair of the metal pads following the pressing body in synchronization with the movement of the first welding torch and the second welding torch;
A steel floor slab welding apparatus comprising: The moving mechanism is
It consists of a traction device that moves a pair of the metal pads by towing, or a traveling cart that moves by itself and moves the pair of metal plates,
The steel floor slab welding apparatus according to claim 4. A cooling mechanism that cools the pad and is disposed in proximity to the pad and moves in synchronization with the pad;
The steel floor slab welding apparatus according to claim 4 or 5.

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